CN115352608A - Marine nuclear power safe seawater system - Google Patents
Marine nuclear power safe seawater system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115352608A CN115352608A CN202210953447.5A CN202210953447A CN115352608A CN 115352608 A CN115352608 A CN 115352608A CN 202210953447 A CN202210953447 A CN 202210953447A CN 115352608 A CN115352608 A CN 115352608A
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/18—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being powered by nuclear energy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
- B63H21/383—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like for handling cooling-water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
- G21C15/182—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat comprising powered means, e.g. pumps
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a nuclear power safe seawater system for a ship, wherein the top end of a water supply component is respectively connected with a dynamic water inlet component and an emergency water inlet component; one end of the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly is respectively connected to the top end of the active water inlet assembly and the top end of the emergency water inlet assembly, and the other end of the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly is respectively connected to the active water drainage assembly at the lower part and the emergency water drainage assembly at the upper part; one end of the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly is connected to the top end of the active water inlet assembly and the top end of the emergency water inlet assembly respectively, the other end of the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly is connected to the active water discharge assembly at the lower part and the emergency water discharge assembly at the upper part respectively, the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly is cooled by seawater flowing into the active water inlet assembly or the emergency water inlet assembly, and water is discharged through the active water discharge assembly or the emergency water discharge assembly. The device can comprehensively cover the requirement that the heat is led out by main equipment in the cabin when the nuclear power device for the ship normally runs and needs to lead out waste heat or all power supply loss accidents and other working conditions occur.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of ships, in particular to a marine nuclear power safe seawater system.
Background
The safe seawater system of the marine nuclear power device has the main functions of guiding heat of an active waste heat discharge cooler, an equipment cooling water heat exchanger and the like when the nuclear power device normally operates and needs to be guided out or an active system cannot effectively operate due to the fact that all power supply is lost, providing indirect cooling seawater for main equipment with cooling requirements in a cabin, maintaining user equipment within a normal temperature range without being damaged, and further ensuring safe and reliable operation of the marine nuclear power device.
At present, most of the common marine nuclear power plants in all countries in the world adopt an active pump to drive seawater, and when users such as an active waste heat discharge cooler, an equipment cooling water heat exchanger and the like need to discharge heat, the cooling seawater is provided for the users, and the user heat such as the active waste heat discharge cooler, the equipment cooling water heat exchanger and the like is led out. However, the active safe seawater system must be provided with a safety-level emergency power supply, has strong dependence on the supply of external power supplies such as electric power and the like and the operation of an operator, cannot be put into operation when working conditions such as a whole-ship power failure accident and the like occur, cannot realize short-term and long-term cooling of users such as an active waste heat discharge cooler, an equipment cooling water heat exchanger and the like, and has a risk of damage caused by high-temperature operation of a large amount of equipment of a nuclear power plant.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objectives of the present application is to provide a marine nuclear power safe seawater system, so as to solve the problem that the application range of the existing marine nuclear power plant safe seawater system is narrow.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
a nuclear power safe seawater system for ships comprises a water supply component, a dynamic water inlet component, an emergency water inlet component, an equipment cooling water heat exchange component, a waste heat discharge heat exchange component, a dynamic drainage component and an emergency drainage component; the top end of the water supply assembly is respectively connected to the bottom end of the active water inlet assembly and the bottom end of the emergency water inlet assembly and is used for conveying seawater into the active water inlet assembly or the emergency water inlet assembly; one end of the equipment cooling water heat exchange component is respectively connected with the top end of the active water inlet component and the top end of the emergency water inlet component, the other end of the equipment cooling water heat exchange component is respectively connected with the active water discharging component at the lower part and the emergency water discharging component at the upper part, the equipment cooling water heat exchange component is cooled by seawater flowing in from the active water inlet component or the emergency water inlet component, and water is discharged by the active water discharging component or the emergency water discharging component; one end of the waste heat discharging and heat exchanging component is respectively connected to the top end of the active water inlet component and the top end of the emergency water inlet component, the other end of the waste heat discharging and heat exchanging component is respectively connected to the active water discharging component at the lower part and the emergency water discharging component at the upper part, the waste heat discharging and heat exchanging component is cooled by seawater flowing into the active water inlet component or the emergency water inlet component, and water is discharged by the active water discharging component or the emergency water discharging component; when the ship is in a normal state, seawater flows through the water supply assembly, the active water inlet assembly and the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly which are sequentially communicated, and is discharged through the active drainage assembly; when the ship is in a reactor shutdown state and a normal state of a whole ship power supply, seawater sequentially flows through the water supply assembly, the active water inlet assembly, the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly and the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly and is discharged through the active water discharge assembly; when boats and ships are in the power of whole ship loss accident state, the sea water flows through in proper order water supply assembly, emergent subassembly of intaking equipment cooling water heat transfer subassembly, waste heat discharge heat transfer subassembly, and pass through discharge in the emergent drainage subassembly.
As a technical scheme of the application, the water supply assembly comprises a water inlet sea valve box and a water inlet pipe; the one end of inlet tube connect in advance the sea chest case, the other end through first export isolating valve connect respectively in can move the subassembly of intaking emergent subassembly of intaking.
As a technical scheme of the application, the active water inlet assembly comprises an active pipeline; the bottom end of the active pipeline is connected with the water supply assembly, the top end of the active pipeline is connected with the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly and the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly respectively, and an active starting valve, a sea water pump, an active regulating valve and a first active check valve are sequentially installed on the active pipeline from bottom to top.
As a technical scheme of the application, the emergency water inlet assembly comprises an emergency pipeline; the bottom of emergent pipeline connect in water supply assembly, the top connect respectively in equipment cooling water heat exchange assemblies waste heat discharge heat exchange assemblies, just install first emergency starting valve and emergency check valve by supreme down in proper order on the emergent pipeline.
As a technical scheme of the application, the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly comprises a first connecting pipeline; one end of the first connecting pipeline is connected with the active water inlet assembly and the emergency water inlet assembly respectively, the other end of the first connecting pipeline is connected with the active water drainage assembly and the emergency water drainage assembly respectively, and a first regulating valve, an equipment cooling water heat exchanger and a first check valve are sequentially installed on the first connecting pipeline from water inlet to water drainage direction.
As a technical scheme of the present application, the waste heat discharging and heat exchanging assembly includes a second connecting pipe; the one end of second connecting tube connect respectively in move water inlet assembly emergent water inlet assembly, the other end connect respectively in move water discharge assembly emergent water discharge assembly, just second connecting tube installs second governing valve, waste heat discharge cooler and second check valve in proper order by intaking to the direction of drainage.
As one technical scheme of the application, the active drainage component comprises an active drainage pipeline; the top end of the active drainage pipeline is respectively connected with the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly and the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly, and a second active check valve, an inlet isolating valve and a drainage sea-dredging valve box are sequentially installed on the active drainage pipeline from top to bottom.
As a technical scheme of the application, the emergency drainage assembly comprises an emergency drainage pipeline; the bottom end of the emergency drainage pipeline is respectively connected with the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly and the waste heat discharging heat exchange assembly, and a second emergency starting valve and a second outlet isolation valve are sequentially installed on the emergency drainage pipeline from bottom to top.
As a technical solution of the present application, the emergency drainage assembly further includes an air duct; one end of the ventilation pipeline is connected to the middle part of the emergency drainage pipeline and is positioned between the second emergency starting valve and the second outlet isolation valve; and a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder, an opening and closing valve and a pressure reducing valve are sequentially arranged on the air duct from the far side to the direction close to the second emergency starting valve.
The beneficial effect of this application:
the utility model provides an among marine nuclear power safe sea water system, it is the marine nuclear power safe sea water system that can move and the passive combination, the device can realize leading out smoothly of heat exchanger under the nuclear power device normal operating, need the waste heat to derive or take place the circumstances that the active system of whole power loss accident can not effectively operate, can also maintain user equipment and not damaged in normal temperature scope to make marine power device have higher security and reliability. The device is a safe seawater system combining active power and passive power, and can comprehensively cover the requirement that main equipment in a cabin needs to lead out heat when a nuclear power device for a ship normally operates and needs to lead out waste heat or the active system cannot effectively operate under the condition of all power supply loss accidents and the like; meanwhile, the isolation valves adopted on the passive pipeline of the safe seawater system of the device are all 'failure-safety' based isolation valves, and after all power supply loss accidents occur, each isolation valve is automatically opened; in addition, after all power supply loss accidents of the device, the passive part of the safe seawater system is put into use, natural circulation flow is formed by the height difference and the density difference of the seawater inlet and the seawater outlet, and the device does not need to depend on external energy and operation operators, so that the safety and the reliability of the marine power device can be effectively improved. Moreover, when the natural circulation capacity formed by the height difference of the seawater inlet and the seawater outlet does not meet the requirement of cooling seawater flow, the device can start the high-pressure nitrogen injection of the passive part of the safe seawater system, so that the natural circulation capacity is effectively improved, and the adaptability and the application range of the system are further expanded.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a marine nuclear power safe seawater system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Icon: 1-water inlet sea valve box; 2-a first outlet isolation valve; 3-an active start valve; 4-sea water pump; 5-active regulating valve; 6-a first active check valve; 7-first emergency trigger valve; 8-emergency check valve; 9-a first regulating valve; 10-equipment cooling water heat exchanger; 11-a first check valve; 12-a second regulating valve; 13-residual heat removal cooler; 14-a second check valve; 15-a second active check valve; 16-inlet isolation valve; 17-water drainage sea valve box; 18-a second emergency start valve; 19-a second outlet isolation valve; 20-a pressure reducing valve; 21-opening and closing a valve; 22-high pressure nitrogen gas cylinder; 23-a water inlet pipe; 24-an active pipe; 25-a first connecting conduit; 26-a second connecting duct; 27-active drainage pipes; 28-emergency drainage pipeline; 29-a vent line; 30-water inlet connecting pipeline; 31-water drainage connecting pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like refer to orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are used for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Further, in the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly contacting the second feature or may be directly contacting the second feature, or the first and second features may be contacted with each other through another feature therebetween, not directly contacting the second feature. Also, the first feature being above, on or above the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature that underlies, and underlies a second feature includes a first feature that is directly under and obliquely under a second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present application, it is also to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a nuclear power safe seawater system for a ship, which can smoothly discharge heat of a heat exchanger, maintain user equipment within a normal temperature range without being damaged, and provide a marine power device with higher safety and reliability under the condition that a nuclear power device normally operates, waste heat is required to be discharged, or a power loss accident active system cannot effectively operate. The system mainly comprises a water supply assembly, an active water inlet assembly, an emergency water inlet assembly, an equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly, a waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly, an active drainage assembly and an emergency drainage assembly; the top end of the water supply assembly is respectively connected with the bottom end of the active water inlet assembly and the bottom end of the emergency water inlet assembly and used for conveying seawater into the active water inlet assembly or the emergency water inlet assembly; meanwhile, one end of the equipment cooling water heat exchange component is respectively connected to the top end of the active water inlet component and the top end of the emergency water inlet component, the other end of the equipment cooling water heat exchange component is respectively connected to the active water drainage component at the lower part and the emergency water drainage component at the upper part, the equipment cooling water heat exchange component is cooled by seawater flowing in the active water inlet component or the emergency water inlet component, and water is discharged by the active water drainage component or the emergency water drainage component; and one end of the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly is respectively connected to the top end of the active water inlet assembly and the top end of the emergency water inlet assembly, the other end of the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly is respectively connected to the active water discharge assembly at the lower part and the emergency water discharge assembly at the upper part, the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly is cooled by seawater flowing into the active water inlet assembly or the emergency water inlet assembly, and water is discharged by the active water discharge assembly or the emergency water discharge assembly.
When the ship is in a normal state, seawater flows through the water supply assembly, the active water inlet assembly and the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly which are sequentially communicated, and is discharged from the active water discharging assembly; when the ship is in a reactor shutdown state and a normal state of a whole ship power supply, seawater sequentially flows through the water supply assembly, the active water inlet assembly, the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly and the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly and is discharged through the active water discharge assembly; when the ship is in a full-ship power supply loss accident state, seawater sequentially flows through the water supply assembly, the emergency water inlet assembly, the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly and the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly and is discharged from the emergency water discharge assembly.
Further, the water supply assembly comprises a water inlet sea chest 1 and a water inlet pipe 23; wherein, the one end of inlet tube 23 is connected in the sea chest 1 of leading to of intaking, and the other end is connected respectively in active subassembly of intaking, the emergent subassembly of intaking through first export isolating valve 2.
Meanwhile, the active water inlet component comprises an active pipeline 24; wherein, the bottom of the active pipeline 24 is connected to the top end of the water inlet pipe 23 through a three-way pipeline, the top end of the active pipeline 24 is respectively connected to one end of the equipment cooling water heat exchange component and one end of the waste heat discharge heat exchange component, and the active pipeline 24 is sequentially provided with an active starting valve 3, a seawater pump 4, an active regulating valve 5 and a first active check valve 6 from bottom to top.
And, the emergency water intake assembly comprises an emergency pipeline; wherein, the bottom of emergent pipeline is passed through tee bend pipe connection in the top of inlet tube 23, and the top of emergent pipeline is connected respectively in equipment cooling water heat exchange assemblies's one end, waste heat discharge heat exchange assemblies's one end, and installs first emergency starting valve 7 and emergent check valve 8 by supreme in proper order on the emergent pipeline.
The equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly and the waste heat discharging heat exchange assembly are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the waste heat discharging heat exchange assembly is positioned right above the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly and shares a water inlet connecting pipeline 30. The equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly comprises a first connecting pipeline 25, one end of the first connecting pipeline 25 is connected to the lower part of a water inlet connecting pipeline 30, the water inlet connecting pipeline 30 is connected to the junction pipeline of the active pipeline 24 and the emergency pipeline, and the other end of the first connecting pipeline 25 is connected to the middle part of a drainage connecting pipeline 31 shared by the active drainage assembly and the emergency drainage assembly; meanwhile, the first connection pipe 25 is provided with a first regulating valve 9, an equipment cooling water heat exchanger 10 and a first check valve 11 in sequence from the water inlet direction to the water discharge direction. In addition, the waste heat discharging heat exchange assembly comprises a second connecting pipeline 26; one end of the second connecting pipe 26 is connected to the top of the water inlet connecting pipe 30, the water inlet connecting pipe 30 is connected to the junction pipe of the active pipe 24 and the emergency pipe, and the other end of the second connecting pipe 26 is connected to the upper part of the common drainage connecting pipe 31 of the active drainage component and the emergency drainage component; the second regulating valve 12, the exhaust heat removal cooler 13, and the second check valve 14 are sequentially attached to the second connecting pipe 26 in the direction from the water supply to the water discharge.
Further, the active drainage assembly includes an active drainage pipeline 27; wherein, the top end of the active drainage pipeline 27 is connected with the bottom end of the drainage pipeline, and a second active check valve 15, an inlet isolation valve 16 and a drainage sea chest 17 are sequentially arranged on the active drainage pipeline 27 from top to bottom.
The emergency drainage assembly comprises an emergency drainage pipeline 28; the bottom end of the emergency drainage pipeline 28 is connected to the top end of the drainage pipeline, and the emergency drainage pipeline 28 is sequentially provided with a second emergency starting valve 18 and a second outlet isolation valve 19 from bottom to top.
It should be noted that the emergency drain assembly further includes an air vent pipe 29; wherein one end of the vent pipe 29 is connected to the middle of the emergency drain pipe 28 between the second emergency starting valve 18 and the second outlet isolation valve 19; meanwhile, a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 22, an opening and closing valve 21 and a pressure reducing valve 20 are sequentially arranged on the vent pipeline 29 from the far side to the direction close to the second emergency starting valve 18.
In the device, the active water inlet component and the emergency water inlet component share a water inlet sea valve box 1, a first outlet isolation valve 2, a first regulating valve 9, an equipment cooling water heat exchanger 10, a first check valve 11, a second regulating valve 12, a residual heat removal cooler 13 and a second check valve 14.
In the active safe seawater system, seawater is driven by a seawater inlet opening valve box 1, a first outlet isolation valve 2 and an active starting valve 3 through an active system seawater pump 4, main flow enters a piping system of an equipment cooling water heat exchanger 10 and a waste heat discharge cooler 13 through an active adjusting valve 5 and a first active check valve 6, heat in the equipment cooling water heat exchanger 10 and the waste heat discharge cooler 13 is taken away, and then the seawater is discharged through a second check valve 14, a second active check valve 15, an inlet isolation valve 16 and a seawater drainage opening valve box 17.
In the passive safe seawater system, a first emergency starting valve 7, an emergency check valve 8, a second outlet isolation valve 19 and an opening and closing valve 21 are connected with an emergency power supply; the sea water is by intaking behind the logical sea chest 1, the first export isolating valve 2, via first emergency starting valve 7, the emergent check valve 8 back income equipment cooling water heat exchanger 10 and the 13 pipeworks of waste heat discharge cooler, takes away the heat in the heat exchanger after, through second check valve 14, the emergent starting valve 18 of second, the second export isolating valve 19 back discharge sea water. When the flow of the passive safe seawater system is insufficient, high-pressure nitrogen can be injected into the emergency drainage pipeline 28 through the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 22, the opening and closing valve 21 and the pressure reducing valve 20, the natural circulation driving force is improved, and the flow of the system is increased.
In the design process, the temperature of the cooled working medium of the equipment cooling water heat exchanger 10 and the waste heat discharge cooler 13 is generally higher than 50 ℃, the actual seawater flow demand can be calculated according to the arrangement condition of the ship body and the power device and the quantity configuration of the heat exchangers which are properly expanded, the outlet position of the emergency drainage pipeline 28 and the pressure of the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 22 are properly adjusted, the design requirement of the height of the passive system and the height of a 'seawater-nitrogen mixed working medium' pipe section after the high-pressure nitrogen pipeline is injected meets the natural circulation flow cooling water flow demand, the cooling water flow demand of the heat exchangers under different working conditions is matched, the matching of the natural circulation flow and the heat which needs to be brought out by the system is ensured, and the non-time-limit cooling function is realized.
Further, the marine nuclear power safety seawater system combining the active power and the passive power comprises three operation states:
(1) Reactor startup and power operation, normal state of the power supply of the whole ship:
in the normal states of reactor starting and power operation and a whole ship power supply, only the equipment cooling water heat exchanger 10 needs to be cooled, the first emergency starting valve 7, the second regulating valve 12, the second emergency starting valve 18, the second outlet isolating valve 19 and the opening and closing valve 21 are all in a closed state, and the first outlet isolating valve 2, the active starting valve 3, the active regulating valve 5, the first regulating valve 9 and the inlet isolating valve 16 are automatically opened in sequence; the seawater pump 4 starts the operation under the low-flow working condition, seawater flows through the seawater inlet valve box 1, the first outlet isolation valve 2, the active starting valve 3, the seawater pump 4, the active regulating valve 5, the first active check valve 6 and the first regulating valve 9, the equipment cooling water heat exchanger 10 guides out heat, and then the seawater passes through the first check valve 11, the second active check valve 15, the inlet isolation valve 16 and the seawater outlet valve box 17 to discharge seawater after drainage;
(2) Reactor shutdown and normal state of the power supply of the whole ship:
in the normal state of reactor shutdown and whole ship power supply, the equipment cooling water heat exchanger 10 and the residual heat removal cooler 13 are all required to be cooled, and the first emergency starting valve 7, the second emergency starting valve 18, the second outlet isolating valve 19 and the opening and closing valve 21 are all in a closed state; in the process from power operation to shutdown, the first outlet isolation valve 2, the active starting valve 3, the active regulating valve 5, the first regulating valve 9 and the inlet isolation valve 16 are all kept in an open state, and the second regulating valve 12 needs to be opened; the seawater pump 4 starts to operate under a high-flow working condition, after seawater passes through the seawater inlet valve box 1, the first outlet isolation valve 2, the active starting valve 3, the seawater pump 4, the active regulating valve 5 and the first active check valve 6, a part of seawater flows through the equipment cooling water heat exchanger 10 through the first regulating valve 9 to lead out heat and then passes through the first check valve 11, and the other part of seawater flows through the second regulating valve 12 and passes through the waste heat discharge cooler 13 to lead out heat and then passes through the second check valve 14; after the two parts of seawater are converged, the seawater flows through a second active check valve 15, an inlet isolating valve 16 and a drainage seawater access valve box 17 and is discharged;
(3) The power supply loss accident state of the whole ship:
when the reactor is in power operation and in the case of a power failure accident of the whole ship, the emergency power supply sequentially opens the first emergency starting valve 7, the second emergency starting valve 18 and the second outlet isolating valve 19, seawater passes through the seawater inlet sea chest 1, the first outlet isolating valve 2, the first emergency starting valve 7 and the emergency check valve 8 and then is divided into two paths, one part of seawater passes through the first regulating valve 9, passes through the equipment cooling water heat exchanger 10 to lead out heat and then passes through the first check valve 11, and the other part of seawater passes through the second regulating valve 12, passes through the waste heat discharge cooler 13 to lead out heat and then passes through the second check valve 14; after the two parts of seawater are converged, the seawater flows through a second emergency starting valve 18 and a second outlet isolating valve 19 and is discharged; the seawater side flow of the cooling water heat exchanger 10 and the residual heat removal cooler 13 of the equipment is observed in real time, when the seawater flow does not meet the heat conduction requirement, the opening and closing valve 21 is opened pneumatically, the nitrogen flow entering the emergency drainage pipeline 28 is adjusted through the pressure reducing valve 20, the natural circulation capacity of the system is improved, and then the seawater flow is increased to meet the heat conduction requirement.
In conclusion, in the marine nuclear power safe seawater system, the marine nuclear power safe seawater system can combine the active power and the passive power, the device can smoothly guide out heat of a heat exchanger under the condition that a nuclear power device normally operates, waste heat is required to be guided out or the active power system cannot effectively operate due to the fact that all power supply loss accidents happen, user equipment can be maintained within a normal temperature range and cannot be damaged, and therefore the marine power device has higher safety and reliability. The device is a safe seawater system combining active power and passive power, and can comprehensively cover the requirement that main equipment in a cabin needs to lead out heat when a nuclear power device for a ship normally operates and needs to lead out waste heat or the active system cannot effectively operate under the condition of all power supply loss accidents and the like; meanwhile, the isolation valves adopted on the passive pipeline of the safe seawater system of the device are all 'failure-safety' based isolation valves, and after all power supply loss accidents occur, each isolation valve is automatically opened; in addition, after all power supply loss accidents of the device, the passive part of the safe seawater system is put into use, natural circulation flow is formed by the height difference and the density difference of the seawater inlet and the seawater outlet, and the device does not need to depend on external energy and operation operators, so that the safety and the reliability of the marine power device can be effectively improved. Moreover, when the natural circulation capacity formed by the height difference of the seawater inlet and the seawater outlet does not meet the requirement of cooling seawater flow, the device can start the high-pressure nitrogen injection of the passive part of the safe seawater system, so that the natural circulation capacity is effectively improved, and the adaptability and the application range of the system are further expanded.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A nuclear power safe seawater system for ships is characterized by comprising a water supply assembly, a dynamic water inlet assembly, an emergency water inlet assembly, an equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly, a waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly, a dynamic drainage assembly and an emergency drainage assembly; the top end of the water supply assembly is respectively connected to the bottom end of the active water inlet assembly and the bottom end of the emergency water inlet assembly and is used for conveying seawater into the active water inlet assembly or the emergency water inlet assembly; one end of the equipment cooling water heat exchange component is respectively connected with the top end of the active water inlet component and the top end of the emergency water inlet component, the other end of the equipment cooling water heat exchange component is respectively connected with the active water discharging component at the lower part and the emergency water discharging component at the upper part, the equipment cooling water heat exchange component is cooled by seawater flowing in from the active water inlet component or the emergency water inlet component, and water is discharged by the active water discharging component or the emergency water discharging component; one end of the waste heat discharge and heat exchange component is respectively connected with the top end of the active water inlet component and the top end of the emergency water inlet component, the other end of the waste heat discharge and heat exchange component is respectively connected with the active water discharge component at the lower part and the emergency water discharge component at the upper part, the waste heat discharge and heat exchange component is cooled by seawater flowing in the active water inlet component or the emergency water inlet component, and water is discharged by the active water discharge component or the emergency water discharge component; when the ship is in a normal state, seawater flows through the water supply assembly, the active water inlet assembly and the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly which are sequentially communicated, and is discharged through the active drainage assembly; when the ship is in a reactor shutdown state and a normal state of a whole ship power supply, seawater sequentially flows through the water supply assembly, the active water inlet assembly, the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly and the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly and is discharged from the active water discharge assembly; when boats and ships are in the power of whole ship loss accident state, the sea water flows through in proper order water supply assembly, emergent subassembly of intaking equipment cooling water heat transfer subassembly, waste heat discharge heat transfer subassembly, and pass through discharge in the emergent drainage subassembly.
2. The marine nuclear powered safe seawater system of claim 1, wherein the water supply assembly comprises an intake sea chest and an intake pipe; one end of the water inlet pipe is connected with the water inlet sea valve box, and the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected with the movable water inlet assembly and the emergency water inlet assembly through the first outlet isolation valve respectively.
3. The marine nuclear powered safe seawater system of claim 1, wherein the powered water intake component comprises a powered pipeline; the bottom end of the active pipeline is connected with the water supply assembly, the top end of the active pipeline is connected with the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly and the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly respectively, and an active starting valve, a sea water pump, an active regulating valve and a first active check valve are sequentially installed on the active pipeline from bottom to top.
4. The marine nuclear powered safe seawater system of claim 1, wherein the emergency water intake assembly comprises an emergency pipeline; the bottom of emergency pipeline connect in the water supply subassembly, the top connect respectively in equipment cooling water heat exchange assemblies waste heat discharge heat exchange assemblies, just install first emergency starting valve and emergency check valve by supreme down on the emergency pipeline in proper order.
5. The marine nuclear powered safe seawater system of claim 1, wherein the plant cooling water heat exchange assembly comprises a first connecting conduit; one end of the first connecting pipeline is connected with the active water inlet assembly and the emergency water inlet assembly respectively, the other end of the first connecting pipeline is connected with the active water drainage assembly and the emergency water drainage assembly respectively, and a first regulating valve, an equipment cooling water heat exchanger and a first check valve are sequentially installed on the first connecting pipeline from water inlet to water drainage direction.
6. The marine nuclear powered safe seawater system of claim 1, wherein the waste heat rejection heat exchange assembly comprises a second connecting pipe; the one end of second connecting tube connect respectively in move water inlet assembly emergent water inlet assembly, the other end connect respectively in move water discharge assembly emergent water discharge assembly, just second connecting tube installs second governing valve, waste heat discharge cooler and second check valve in proper order by intaking to the direction of drainage.
7. The marine nuclear-powered safe seawater system of claim 1, wherein the active drainage component comprises an active drainage pipeline; the top of the active drainage pipeline is respectively connected with the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly and the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly, and the active drainage pipeline is sequentially provided with a second active check valve, an inlet isolation valve and a drainage sea chest from top to bottom.
8. The marine nuclear powered safe seawater system of claim 1, wherein the emergency drain assembly comprises an emergency drain pipe; the bottom of the emergency drainage pipeline is respectively connected with the equipment cooling water heat exchange assembly and the waste heat discharge heat exchange assembly, and the emergency drainage pipeline is sequentially provided with a second emergency starting valve and a second outlet isolating valve from bottom to top.
9. The marine nuclear powered safe seawater system of claim 8, wherein the emergency drain assembly further comprises an air vent pipe; one end of the air vent pipeline is connected to the middle part of the emergency drainage pipeline and is positioned between the second emergency starting valve and the second outlet isolation valve; and a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder, an opening and closing valve and a pressure reducing valve are sequentially arranged on the air duct from the far side to the direction close to the second emergency starting valve.
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| CN202210953447.5A CN115352608B (en) | 2022-08-10 | 2022-08-10 | Nuclear power safe seawater system for ship |
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| CN202210953447.5A CN115352608B (en) | 2022-08-10 | 2022-08-10 | Nuclear power safe seawater system for ship |
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| CN115743498A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-03-07 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Large-flow circulating water system conformal to ship body |
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