CN115343324A - Device for frost heaving and thaw settlement test - Google Patents
Device for frost heaving and thaw settlement test Download PDFInfo
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- CN115343324A CN115343324A CN202211270643.9A CN202211270643A CN115343324A CN 115343324 A CN115343324 A CN 115343324A CN 202211270643 A CN202211270643 A CN 202211270643A CN 115343324 A CN115343324 A CN 115343324A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/14—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by using distillation, extraction, sublimation, condensation, freezing, or crystallisation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and provides a device for frost heaving and thaw collapse test, which comprises: the constant temperature box is arranged in the constant temperature box and is used for containing a soil sample box body for testing the soil sample; the cold bath circulating device for controlling the temperature of the test soil sample comprises a temperature control plate and a refrigerating unit; one end of the temperature control plate is connected with the soil sample box body, and the other end of the temperature control plate is connected with the refrigerating unit through a connecting pipe; the water collecting circulation device for simulating seepage comprises a water collecting device, a first water tank and a second water tank, wherein the first water tank and the second water tank are arranged on two opposite sides of a soil sample box body; the water collecting device is provided with a water outlet connected with the first water tank and a water inlet connected with the second water tank; the data acquisition device for gathering frost heaving and thawing settlement is connected with a displacement sensor arranged above the soil sample box body and a plurality of temperature sensors uniformly arranged on the inner side of the soil sample box body. The device provided by the invention can simulate seepage action, is low in test cost, simple and convenient to operate and convenient for repeated tests aiming at small-size model tests.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a device for testing frost heaving and thaw settlement.
Background
In the development of urban underground space, the method of artificial precipitation is mostly adopted to pump and discharge underground water, so that not only can water resource waste be caused, but also the ecological environment can be damaged. The freezing method is used as a green construction method, avoids the problems of water resource waste and pollution caused by the extraction of a large amount of water by the traditional grouting reinforcement method, and can play a better role in protecting underground water resources. The freezing method temporarily changes the state of the soil layer through an artificial refrigeration technology to enable the water-bearing stratum to form a frozen wall, thereby achieving the effects of water stopping and bearing. At present, the construction method is mostly applied to the stratum with low underground water flow rate. However, in the process of underground engineering development, a large amount of stratum with confined water can be encountered, and the soil body under the continuous seepage effect can generate obvious frost heaving and thaw deformation in the freezing and melting processes, so that the smooth implementation of the manual freezing engineering can be directly influenced.
At present, the existing frost heaving and thaw collapse testing device mainly utilizes an organic glass plate to manufacture a soil sample box body to realize observation of the development process of frost heaving and thaw collapse, and seepage effect is mostly not considered in the frost heaving and thaw collapse test of a soil body. The frost heaving and thawing sinking testing device considering the seepage effect mainly aims at large-size model tests, is high in testing cost, large in operation difficulty, long in period and not easy to carry out repeated tests.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device for frost heaving and thaw collapse testing, which is used for solving the defects that the existing frost heaving and thaw collapse testing device considering seepage action mainly aims at large-size model tests, is high in testing cost and operation difficulty and is difficult to carry out repeated tests.
The invention provides a device for frost heaving and thaw settlement test, which comprises:
the constant temperature box is arranged in the constant temperature box and is used for containing a soil sample box body for testing a soil sample;
the cold bath circulating device is used for controlling the temperature of the test soil sample and comprises a temperature control plate and a refrigerating unit; one end of the temperature control plate is connected with the soil sample box body, and the other end of the temperature control plate is connected with the refrigerating unit through a connecting pipe;
the water collecting and circulating device for simulating seepage comprises a water collecting device, a first water tank and a second water tank, wherein the first water tank and the second water tank are arranged on two opposite sides of the soil sample box body; the water collecting device is provided with a first water inlet and a first water outlet, the first water outlet is connected with the first water tank, and the first water inlet is connected with the second water tank;
the data acquisition device is used for acquiring the frost heaving and thawing settlement amount and is connected with a displacement sensor and a plurality of temperature sensors; the displacement sensor is arranged above the soil sample box body and used for measuring the displacement of the top of the test soil sample; the plurality of temperature sensors are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the soil sample box body and used for measuring temperature data of different positions of the test soil sample.
Preferably, the water collecting device comprises a first unit shell, a clear water chamber, a muddy water chamber, a water pump, a first flowmeter and a second flowmeter, wherein the clear water chamber, the muddy water chamber, the water pump, the first flowmeter and the second flowmeter are arranged in the first unit shell; and a filter plate for filtering turbid water is arranged between the clear water chamber and the turbid water chamber.
Preferably, a second water inlet is arranged at the upper part of the first water tank, and a third water inlet is arranged at the lower part of the first water tank; a second water outlet is formed in the upper part of the second water tank, and a third water outlet is formed in the lower part of the second water tank;
one end of the first water outlet is connected with the third water inlet through the first flowmeter; the other end of the first water outlet is connected with the clear water chamber through the water pump;
the first water inlet is connected with the second water outlet through the second flowmeter.
Preferably, the first water tank and the second water tank each comprise a top cover, a fixing member, and a sealing gasket;
the sealing gasket is arranged below the top cover, and the fixing piece is used for pressing and fixing the top cover on the top of the water tank;
the connecting side of the soil sample box body and the first water tank and the connecting side of the soil sample box body and the second water tank are both provided with a plurality of layers of filter screens; the filter layer of the filter screen is composed of permeable stones.
Preferably, the water collecting device further comprises a control screen arranged on the first unit shell, and the control screen is used for setting water pressure parameters of the water pump.
Preferably, the refrigerating unit comprises a second unit shell, a refrigerant water tank and a refrigerating machine, wherein the refrigerant water tank and the refrigerating machine are arranged in the second unit shell; the cold bath circulating device further comprises an electronic display screen arranged on the second unit shell, and the electronic display screen is used for setting temperature parameters of the refrigerating machine.
Preferably, the temperature control plate at least comprises a first temperature control plate and a second temperature control plate, the first temperature control plate is connected with the top of the soil sample box body, and the second temperature control plate is connected with the bottom of the soil sample box body; the refrigerating unit at least comprises a first refrigerating unit connected with the first temperature control plate and a second refrigerating unit connected with the second temperature control plate;
the first refrigerating unit is provided with a first refrigerant inlet and outlet, and the second refrigerating unit is provided with a second refrigerant inlet and outlet;
and a third refrigerant inlet and outlet which is matched and connected with the first refrigerant inlet and outlet are arranged on the first temperature control plate, and a fourth refrigerant inlet and outlet which is matched and connected with the second refrigerant inlet and outlet are arranged on the second temperature control plate.
Preferably, the soil sample box body is a closed box body formed by combining a front plate, a rear plate, a left plate and a right plate which are formed by double layers of organic glass, and the interior of the double layers of organic glass is in a vacuum state;
temperature measuring holes are formed in the target side of the soil sample box body and are distributed at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the temperature sensors are distributed in the temperature measuring holes; a temperature measuring probe of the temperature sensor is arranged in the temperature measuring hole and faces the test soil sample; the target side is perpendicular to the two opposite sides of the soil sample box body, and the two opposite sides are connected with the first water tank and the second water tank;
thermal insulation materials are filled around the rear plate, the left plate and the right plate of the soil sample box body, and the penetration holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the left plate, the right plate, the thermal insulation materials filled on the left plate side and the thermal insulation materials filled on the right plate side.
Preferably, the incubator comprises an operation table and an incubator body, and the device for frost heaving and thaw settlement testing further comprises a monitoring device;
the constant temperature box body is provided with a transparent box door, and two opposite sides of the constant temperature box body are provided with connecting holes; the operation panel is used for controlling the ambient temperature in the constant temperature box body;
the transparent box door and the monitoring device are arranged opposite to the opposite side of the target side of the soil sample box body;
the transparent box door is composed of double layers of organic glass with the interior in a vacuum state, and a heating aperture is arranged between the double layers of organic glass of the transparent box door and used for preventing the transparent box door from frosting; the heating aperture is opened when the monitoring device collects the monitoring data of the test soil sample;
the monitoring device includes a camera and a tripod with adjustable height for supporting and fixing the camera.
Preferably, the device for frost heaving and thaw collapse testing further comprises a fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism comprises a pressure bearing table and a steel frame, the pressure bearing table is arranged below the soil sample box body, and the steel frame is arranged on the left side, the right side and the upper side of the soil sample box body;
the pressure bearing table is matched with the steel frame so as to fix the soil sample box body in the constant temperature box body; the displacement sensor is arranged on the steel frame above the soil sample box body;
the data acquisition device further comprises a data acquisition instrument, and the data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring displacement detected by the displacement sensors and temperature data detected by the temperature sensors.
The device for testing frost heaving and thaw collapse provided by the invention aims at small-size model tests, simulates the osmosis effect through the water collecting circulation device, considers the influence of the seepage effect in the test process of frost heaving and thaw collapse, and is low in test cost, simple and convenient to operate and convenient for repeated tests.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the device for frost heaving and thaw settlement testing provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a soil sample box provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of an incubator according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cooling bath circulation device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a water collecting and circulating device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a data acquisition device provided by the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring device provided by the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a soil sample box body, 2 is a constant temperature box, 3 is a cold bath circulating device, 4 is a water collecting circulating device, 5 is a data acquisition device, and 6 is a monitoring device; 1-1 is a front plate, 1-2 is a left plate, 1-3 is a rear plate, 1-4 is a right plate, and 1-5 is a heat-insulating material; 2-1 is an operation table, 2-2 is a constant temperature box body, 2-3 is a transparent box door, 2-4 is a heating aperture, and 2-5 and 2-6 are connecting holes; 3-1 is a second unit shell, 3-2 is a refrigerant water tank, 3-3 is an electronic display screen, 3-4 is a refrigerator, 3-5 is a refrigerant outlet, 3-6 is a refrigerant inlet, 3-7 is an upper temperature control plate, and 3-8 is a lower temperature control plate; 4-1 is a clear water chamber, 4-2 is a filter plate, 4-3 is a muddy water chamber, 4-4 is a control screen, 4-5 is a water pump, 4-6 is a first water outlet of a water collecting device, 4-7 is a first water inlet of the water collecting device, 4-8 is a first unit shell, 4-9 is a first water tank, 4-10 is a second water tank, 4-11 is a second water inlet of the first water tank, 4-12 is a third water inlet of the first water tank, 4-13 is a second water outlet of the second water tank, 4-14 is a third water outlet of the second water tank, 4-15 is a top cover of the water tank, 4-16 is a fixing piece, and 4-17 is a filter screen; 5-1 is a data acquisition instrument, 5-2 is a displacement sensor, and 5-3 is a temperature sensor; 6-1 is a video camera, and 6-2 is a tripod.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The device for frost heaving and thaw settlement test provided by the invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-7.
The device for the frost heaving and thaw collapse test provided by the invention can be used for small-size model tests, and is shown in figure 1, and the device comprises a soil sample box body 1, a constant temperature box 2, a cold bath circulating device 3, a water collection circulating device 4, a data acquisition device 5 and a monitoring device 6, wherein:
soil sample box 1 sets up in thermostated container 2 for hold the test soil sample.
The cold bath circulating device 3 is used for controlling the temperature of a test soil sample in the soil sample box body 1 and comprises a temperature control plate and a refrigerating unit, wherein one end of the temperature control plate is connected with the soil sample box body 1, and the other end of the temperature control plate is connected with the refrigerating unit through a connecting pipe. Wherein, the connection of the temperature control plate and the soil sample box body 1 can be the direct connection of the plate to the plate.
Water collection circulating device 4 is used for simulating the seepage effect, including water collection device, first water tank and second water tank set up at the double-phase offside of soil sample box 1, set up with soil sample box 1 is as an organic whole, are equipped with first water inlet and first delivery port on the water collection device, and water collection device's first water inlet is connected with first water tank, and water collection device's first delivery port is connected with the second water tank, forms the simulation seepage effect of water circulation. Preferably, the first water tank and the second water tank are arranged on the left side and the right side of the soil sample box body 1.
The data acquisition device 5 is used for acquiring frost heaving and thawing settlement of the test soil sample, the data acquisition device 5 is connected with a displacement sensor and a plurality of temperature sensors, and the displacement sensor is arranged above the soil sample box body 1 and used for measuring displacement of the top of the test soil sample; the temperature sensors are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the soil sample box body 1 and are used for measuring temperature data of different positions of a tested soil sample; according to the detection data acquired by the displacement sensor and the temperature sensor, the frost heaving and thaw settlement of the test soil sample can be determined.
The monitoring device 6 is used for collecting monitoring data of the test soil sample in the test process and visually monitoring the freezing and melting processes of the test soil sample.
Preferably, referring to fig. 2, the soil sample box body 1 is a closed box body formed by combining a front plate 1-1, a left plate 1-2, a rear plate 1-3 and a right plate 1-4, the front plate 1-1, the left plate 1-2, the rear plate 1-3 and the right plate 1-4 are all made of double-layer organic glass, and the double-layer organic glass is in a vacuum state, so that the soil sample box body can play a good heat preservation role for a tested soil sample compared with a common single-layer organic glass plate. The target side of the soil sample box body 1 is provided with temperature measuring holes which are longitudinally distributed at equal intervals, temperature sensors are distributed in the temperature measuring holes, and temperature measuring probes of the temperature sensors are distributed in the temperature measuring holes and face the test soil sample contained in the soil sample box body 1 so as to detect the temperature of the test soil sample at different positions. When the first water tank and the second water tank are arranged on the left side and the right side of the soil sample box body 1, and the temperature measuring holes are arranged on the rear plate 1-3 of the soil sample box body 1, the front plate 1-1 of the soil sample box body 1 is the observation surface of the soil sample box body 1, the left plate 1-2, the rear plate 1-3 and the right plate 1-4 are the non-observation surfaces of the soil sample box body 1, and the periphery of the non-observation surface of the soil sample box body 1 is filled with a heat insulation material, so that the heat insulation of a tested soil sample can be better realized, the one-dimensional frost heaving condition is ensured, and the heat insulation material can be a polystyrene board; furthermore, the left plate 1-2 and the right plate 1-4 which are respectively connected with the first water tank and the second water tank of the water collecting and circulating device 4 and the heat insulation materials filled at the sides of the left plate 1-2 and the right plate 1-4 are provided with densely distributed permeation holes. Preferably, the soil sample box body 1 has the dimensions of 300 mm in length, 300 mm in width and 600 mm in height, and the penetration holes are uniformly distributed at the transverse spacing of 50 mm and the longitudinal spacing of 60 mm. The rear plates 1-3 are provided with temperature measuring holes distributed at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction and used for arranging temperature sensors, and the longitudinal interval of the temperature measuring holes is preferably 100mm.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the device for frost heaving and thaw collapse testing further comprises a fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism comprises steel frames 1-6 and pressure bearing tables 1-7, the steel frames 1-6 are arranged on the left side, the right side and the upper side of the soil sample box body 1, the pressure bearing tables 1-7 are arranged below the soil sample box body 1, the steel frames 1-6 and the pressure bearing tables 1-7 are matched to fix the soil sample box body 1 in the incubator body of the incubator 2, and the displacement sensor is arranged on the steel frame above the soil sample box body 1.
Preferably, referring to fig. 3, the incubator 2 includes an operation panel 2-1 and an incubator body 2-2, the incubator body 2-2 having a transparent door 2-3; reserved holes are arranged on two opposite sides of the constant temperature box body 2-2 and are used as connecting holes, as shown in figure 2, the left side of the constant temperature box body 2-2 is provided with a connecting hole 2-5, and the right side of the constant temperature box body is provided with a connecting hole 2-6; the console 2-1 is used to control the ambient temperature inside the thermostat body 2-2. The soil sample box body 1 is arranged in the constant temperature box body 2-2 and can be connected with the cold bath circulating device 3, the water collecting circulating device 4, the data acquisition device 5 and the like through the connecting holes 2-5 and 2-6. In the test process, the connecting holes 2-5 and 2-6 can be blocked by using a heat insulation material for heat insulation, and preferably, the temperature control range of the thermostat is-30-60 ℃. Further, as shown in fig. 2, the observation surface of the soil sample box body 1 is arranged opposite to the transparent box door 2-3 and the monitoring device 6, the transparent box door 2-3 is composed of double layers of organic glass with vacuum inside, a heating aperture 2-4 is arranged between the double layers of organic glass, and a switch of the heating aperture 2-4 is opened when the monitoring device 6 collects monitoring data of the tested soil sample, so that the organic glass of the transparent box door 2-3 can be prevented from frosting in the freezing process of the tested soil sample, and the quality of the monitoring data can be prevented from being influenced; the switch of the heating aperture 2-4 is closed when the monitoring device 6 does not need to collect monitoring data of the test soil sample, so that the heating aperture 2-4 is prevented from radiating heat to influence the ambient temperature in the incubator.
Preferably, referring to fig. 4, the temperature control plates of the cooling bath circulation device 3 at least comprise a first temperature control plate and a second temperature control plate, namely an upper temperature control plate 3-7 and a lower temperature control plate 3-8, wherein the first temperature control plate is directly connected with the top of the soil sample box body 1 and is the upper temperature control plate 3-7, and the second temperature control plate is directly connected with the bottom of the soil sample box body 1 and is the lower temperature control plate 3-8; the refrigerating unit comprises a unit shell 3-1, a refrigerant water tank 3-2 and a refrigerator 3-4, wherein the refrigerant water tank is arranged in the unit shell 3-1 and is used for containing a refrigerant. Furthermore, the refrigerating unit of the cold bath circulating device 3 at least comprises a first refrigerating unit and a second refrigerating unit, the first refrigerating unit is connected with the upper temperature control plate 3-7, and the second refrigerating unit is connected with the lower temperature control plate 3-8, so that the independent temperature control of two ends of the test soil sample is realized. As shown in fig. 4, a refrigerant water tank of the refrigeration unit is provided with a refrigerant outlet 3-5 and a refrigerant inlet 3-6, and the upper temperature control plate 3-7 and the lower temperature control plate 3-8 are respectively provided with a refrigerant inlet connected with the refrigerant outlet 3-5 of the refrigerant water tank and a refrigerant outlet connected with the refrigerant inlet 3-6, so as to realize refrigerant circulation. Specifically, a first refrigerating unit, a second refrigerating unit, an upper temperature control plate 3-7 and a lower temperature control plate 3-8 are all provided with a refrigerant inlet and outlet, a refrigerant water tank of the first refrigerating unit is provided with a first refrigerant inlet and outlet, and a refrigerant water tank of the second refrigerating unit is provided with a second refrigerant inlet and outlet; the upper temperature control plate 3-7 is provided with a third refrigerant inlet and outlet which are in matched connection with the first refrigerant inlet and outlet, and the lower temperature control plate 3-8 is provided with a fourth refrigerant inlet and outlet which are in matched connection with the second refrigerant inlet and outlet. A third refrigerant inlet and outlet of the upper temperature control plates 3-7 are connected with a first refrigerant inlet and outlet of a refrigerant water tank of the first refrigerating unit through a connecting pipe, so that refrigerant circulation is realized; and a fourth refrigerant inlet and outlet of the lower temperature control plates 3-8 are connected with a second refrigerant inlet and outlet of a refrigerant water tank of the second refrigerating unit through a connecting pipe, so that refrigerant circulation is realized. Furthermore, the device for testing frost heaving and thaw collapse provided by the invention adopts the refrigerator to control the temperature of the test soil sample, and compared with the existing testing device for large-size model tests which adopts a freezing pipe to refrigerate the soil body, the device improves the temperature control precision and can ensure the accuracy of the test result. Preferably, the outer side of the connecting pipe can be wrapped by a heat-insulating material, so that heat transfer with the outside is reduced, and the temperature control range of the cold bath circulating device 3 is-30-60 ℃.
Preferably, referring to fig. 5, the water collecting and circulating device 4 includes a water collecting device, a first water tank and a second water tank disposed on two opposite sides of the soil sample box 1, and for convenience of description, the first water tank is disposed on the left side of the soil sample box 1 as a left water tank 4-9, and the second water tank is disposed on the right side of the soil sample box 1 as a right water tank 4-10. The left water tank 4-9 and the right water tank 4-10 and the soil sample box body 1 are integrated devices; the water collecting device comprises a unit shell 4-8, a clear water chamber 4-1, a muddy water chamber 4-3, a water pump 4-5, a first flowmeter and a second flowmeter, wherein the clear water chamber 4-1, the muddy water chamber 4-3, the water pump 4-5, the first flowmeter and the second flowmeter are arranged in the unit shell 4-8; a control screen 4-4 of a water collecting device is also arranged on the unit shell 4-8 and is used for setting water pressure parameters of the water pump 4-5; a filter plate 4-2 for filtering the turbid water is arranged between the clear water chamber 4-1 and the turbid water chamber 4-3.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, a second water inlet and a third water inlet are arranged on the left water tank 4-9, a second water outlet and a third water outlet are arranged on the left water tank 4-9, specifically, an upper water inlet 4-11 is arranged on the upper part of the left water tank 4-9, and a lower water inlet 4-12 is arranged on the lower part of the left water tank 4-9; the upper part of the right water tank 4-10 is provided with an upper water outlet 4-13, the lower part of the right water tank 4-10 is provided with a lower water outlet 4-14, wherein the lower water outlet 4-14 can be used for draining water after the test is finished. Preferably, the upper water inlet 4-11 and the lower water inlet 4-12 are respectively arranged on the opposite surface of the connecting side of the left water tank 4-9 and the soil sample box body 1, and similarly, the upper water outlet 4-13 and the lower water outlet 4-14 are respectively arranged on the opposite surface of the connecting side of the right water tank 4-10 and the soil sample box body 1. Furthermore, a first water outlet 4-6 and a first water inlet 4-7 are arranged on the water collecting device, one end of the water outlet 4-6 is connected with a lower water inlet 4-12 of the left water tank 4-9 through a first flowmeter, the other end of the water outlet is connected with the clean water chamber 4-1 through a water pump 4-5, and clean water in the clean water chamber 4-1 can be conveyed into the left water tank 4-9; the upper water outlet 4-13 of the right water tank 4-10 is connected with the water inlet 4-7 of the water collecting device through a second flowmeter, so that water discharged from the soil sample box body 1 can enter the muddy water chamber 4-3 through the right water tank 4-10. The muddy water in the muddy water chamber 4-3 enters the clear water chamber 4-1 after being filtered by the filter plate 4-2 and is conveyed to the left water tank 4-9 again by the water pump 4-5, so that circulation is realized. By adopting the method of feeding water from the lower part of the left water tank and discharging water from the upper part of the right water tank, uniform water flow can be generated. Preferably, in the test process, the upper water inlet 4-11 of the left water tank 4-9 and the lower water outlet 4-14 of the right water tank 4-10 are kept in a closed state, and the water pump 4-5 can provide water pressure of 0-2 MPa.
Preferably, the left water tank 4-9 and the right water tank 4-10 each comprise a top cover 4-15, a fixing member 4-16 and a sealing gasket; the sealing gasket can be a rubber gasket and is arranged below the top cover, so that the sealing property of the water tank can be ensured; the fixing pieces 4-16 can be screws for pressing and fixing the top cover 4-15 on the top of the water tank; in the test process, a rubber pad is placed under the top cover 4-15 of the water tank, and then the top cover is screwed and fixed through fixing pieces 4-16 such as screws, so that the sealing performance of the water tank is guaranteed. The connecting sides of the left water tank 4-9 and the right water tank 4-10 and the soil sample box body 1 are provided with a plurality of layers of filter screens 4-17, and filter layers of the filter screens 4-17 are made of permeable stones, so that particles of a tested soil sample can be prevented from being taken away by water flow washing.
Preferably, referring to fig. 6, the data acquisition device 5 is connected with a displacement sensor 5-2 and a plurality of temperature sensors 5-3, wherein the displacement sensor 5-2 is arranged on the steel frame above the soil sample box 1 and is used for measuring the displacement of the top of the test soil sample; the temperature sensor 5-3 is arranged in a temperature measuring hole reserved on the rear plate 1-3 of the soil sample box body 1 and used for measuring temperature data of different positions of a tested soil sample. The data acquisition device 5 further comprises a data acquisition instrument 5-1 for acquiring displacement monitored by the displacement sensor 5-2 and temperature data monitored by each temperature sensor 5-3.
Preferably, referring to FIG. 7, the monitoring device 6 includes a camera 6-1 and a tripod 6-2 with adjustable height, wherein the camera 6-1 is a high speed camera and the tripod 6-2 is adjustable in height; the tripod 6-2 is used for supporting and fixing the camera 6-1, the camera 6-1 is erected on the observation surface of the soil sample box body 1, so that the freezing and melting processes of the test soil sample can be continuously shot through the high-speed camera 6-1 in the test process, the monitoring data of the test soil sample is collected, and the visualization of the frost heaving and thaw settlement test process is realized.
Preferably, the device for frost heaving and thaw settlement testing provided by the invention mainly comprises the following steps when the frost heaving and thaw settlement testing is carried out:
firstly, fill in soil sample box 1 and build test soil sample: the test soil sample is filled in the soil sample box body 1 by adopting a layered compaction method, the waterproof coiled material can be laid at the top of the test soil sample, the waterproof coiled material and the inner wall of the organic glass plate of the soil sample box body 1 are bonded in a waterproof way by adopting waterproof glue and the like, and water flow is prevented from overflowing from the top surface of the soil layer in the test process. After the test soil sample is prepared, inserting a temperature sensor 5-3 into the test soil sample from a reserved temperature measuring hole on a rear plate 1-3 of a soil sample box body 1 for monitoring the temperature of the test soil sample at different depths, and sealing the temperature measuring hole to prevent water flow from seeping out of the temperature measuring hole; and (3) enabling the displacement sensor 5-2 to be in contact with the upper temperature control plate 3-7 for monitoring the frost heaving and thaw collapse amount of the test soil sample.
Then, connecting the data acquisition instrument 5-1: the temperature sensor 5-3 and the displacement sensor 5-2 are connected with the data acquisition instrument 5-1 through the connecting holes 2-5 and 2-6 reserved on the constant temperature box body 2-2, initial value calibration is carried out on the displacement sensor, an acquisition time interval is set, and temperature and deformation information of the test soil sample in the test process are recorded.
Secondly, utilize catchment circulating device simulation seepage flow effect: the clear water chamber 4-1 and the muddy water chamber 4-2 in the water collecting device are filled with water, the water outlet 4-6 of the water collecting device is connected with the lower water inlet 4-12 of the left water tank 4-9, the upper water outlet 4-13 of the right water tank 4-10 is connected with the water inlet 4-7 of the water collecting device, and the connecting ports of the water collecting device and the water tanks are provided with flow meters for monitoring the flow rate of water flow. And opening a valve of a lower water inlet 4-12 of the left water tank 4-9, keeping the valves of an upper water inlet 4-11 of the left water tank 4-9, an upper water outlet 4-13 of the right water tank 4-10 and a lower water outlet 4-14 closed, starting the water pump 4-5 to convey water in the clean water chamber 4-1 into the water tank, closing the water pump 4-5 when the water level in the water tank is the same as the height of the test soil sample, and standing for a certain period of time, such as one hour, so that the soil layer of the test soil sample is saturated. And finally, setting the pressure value of the water pump 4-5 as a fixed value, providing a fixed water head test condition, and simultaneously opening a valve of an upper water outlet 4-13 of the right water tank 4-10 to realize the seepage process of water flow in the test soil sample. When the reading of the flowmeter is stable, seepage is continued for a period of time, such as 24 hours, so that the influence of seepage on the deformation of the test soil sample is eliminated.
Finally, temperature control and data recording: keeping the seepage state unchanged, setting the temperatures of the constant temperature box 2, the upper temperature control plate 3-7 and the lower temperature control plate 3-8 to be the same, controlling the temperature of the test soil sample for a certain time to ensure the internal temperature of the test soil sample to be consistent, and then respectively adjusting the temperatures of the upper temperature control plate 3-7 and the lower temperature control plate 3-8 to preset cold end temperature values and warm end temperature values by using the cold bath circulating device 2. The data acquisition instrument 5-1 is used for acquiring data of the temperature sensor 5-3 and the displacement sensor 5-2, recording temperature and deformation information of the test soil sample, the flow rate of test water flow is tested by the aid of the flow meter, and corresponding monitoring data are acquired in the freezing and melting processes of the test soil sample through the high-speed camera 6-1.
In this embodiment, a device for frost heaving thaw collapse test simulates the osmosis through water collecting circulation device, and the influence of seepage effect has been considered in the test process of frost heaving thaw collapse, and the device is experimental to small-size model, and the test cost is low, and is easy and simple to handle, is convenient for carry out the repetition test.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A device for frost heaving thaw settlement testing, comprising:
the constant temperature box is arranged in the constant temperature box and is used for containing a soil sample box body for testing a soil sample;
the cold bath circulating device is used for controlling the temperature of the test soil sample and comprises a temperature control plate and a refrigerating unit; one end of the temperature control plate is connected with the soil sample box body, and the other end of the temperature control plate is connected with the refrigerating unit through a connecting pipe;
the water collecting and circulating device for simulating seepage comprises a water collecting device, a first water tank and a second water tank, wherein the first water tank and the second water tank are arranged on two opposite sides of the soil sample box body; the water collecting device is provided with a first water inlet and a first water outlet, the first water outlet is connected with the first water tank, and the first water inlet is connected with the second water tank;
the data acquisition device is used for acquiring the frost heaving and thawing settlement amount and is connected with a displacement sensor and a plurality of temperature sensors; the displacement sensor is arranged above the soil sample box body and used for measuring the displacement of the top of the test soil sample; the plurality of temperature sensors are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the soil sample box body and used for measuring temperature data of different positions of the test soil sample.
2. The device for frost heaving and thaw settlement testing according to claim 1, wherein the water collecting device comprises a first unit housing, a clear water chamber, a muddy water chamber, a water pump, a first flow meter and a second flow meter arranged in the first unit housing; and a filter plate for filtering turbid water is arranged between the clear water chamber and the turbid water chamber.
3. The device for frost heaving and thaw settlement testing according to claim 2, wherein a second water inlet is provided at an upper portion of the first water tank, and a third water inlet is provided at a lower portion of the first water tank; a second water outlet is formed in the upper part of the second water tank, and a third water outlet is formed in the lower part of the second water tank;
one end of the first water outlet is connected with the third water inlet through the first flowmeter; the other end of the first water outlet is connected with the clear water chamber through the water pump;
the first water inlet is connected with the second water outlet through the second flowmeter.
4. The device for frost heave and thaw settlement testing according to claim 2, wherein the first water tank and the second water tank each comprise a top cover, a fixing member and a sealing gasket;
the sealing gasket is arranged below the top cover, and the fixing piece is used for pressing and fixing the top cover on the top of the water tank;
the connecting side of the soil sample box body and the first water tank and the connecting side of the soil sample box body and the second water tank are both provided with a plurality of layers of filter screens; the filter layer of the filter screen is composed of permeable stones.
5. The device for frost heaving and thaw settlement testing according to claim 2, wherein the water collecting device further comprises a control screen disposed on the first unit housing, the control screen being configured to set a water pressure parameter of the water pump.
6. The device for frost heaving and thaw settlement testing according to claim 1, wherein the refrigeration unit comprises a second unit housing, a refrigerant water tank and a refrigeration machine arranged in the second unit housing; the cold bath circulating device further comprises an electronic display screen arranged on the second unit shell, and the electronic display screen is used for setting temperature parameters of the refrigerating machine.
7. The device for frost heaving and thaw settlement testing according to claim 6, wherein the temperature control plates comprise at least a first temperature control plate and a second temperature control plate, the first temperature control plate is connected with the top of the soil sample box body, and the second temperature control plate is connected with the bottom of the soil sample box body; the refrigerating unit at least comprises a first refrigerating unit connected with the first temperature control plate and a second refrigerating unit connected with the second temperature control plate;
the first refrigerating unit is provided with a first refrigerant inlet and outlet, and the second refrigerating unit is provided with a second refrigerant inlet and outlet;
and a third refrigerant inlet and outlet which is matched and connected with the first refrigerant inlet and outlet are arranged on the first temperature control plate, and a fourth refrigerant inlet and outlet which is matched and connected with the second refrigerant inlet and outlet are arranged on the second temperature control plate.
8. The device for frost heaving and thaw settlement testing according to claim 1, wherein the soil sample box body is a closed box body formed by combining a front plate, a rear plate, a left plate and a right plate which are formed by double layers of organic glass, and the interior of the double layers of organic glass is in a vacuum state;
temperature measuring holes are formed in the target side of the soil sample box body and are distributed at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the temperature sensors are distributed in the temperature measuring holes; a temperature measuring probe of the temperature sensor is arranged in the temperature measuring hole and faces the test soil sample; the target side is perpendicular to the two opposite sides of the soil sample box body, and the two opposite sides are connected with the first water tank and the second water tank;
thermal insulation materials are filled around the rear plate, the left plate and the right plate of the soil sample box body, and the left plate, the right plate, the thermal insulation materials filled on the left plate side and the thermal insulation materials filled on the right plate side are all provided with uniformly distributed permeation holes.
9. The apparatus for frost heaving and thaw settlement testing according to claim 1, wherein the incubator comprises an operation table and an incubator body, the apparatus for frost heaving and thaw settlement testing further comprising a monitoring device;
the constant temperature box body is provided with a transparent box door, and two opposite sides of the constant temperature box body are provided with connecting holes; the operation panel is used for controlling the ambient temperature in the constant temperature box body;
the transparent box door and the monitoring device are arranged opposite to the opposite side of the target side of the soil sample box body;
the transparent box door is composed of double layers of organic glass with the interior in a vacuum state, and a heating aperture is arranged between the double layers of organic glass of the transparent box door and used for preventing the transparent box door from frosting; the heating aperture is opened when the monitoring device collects the monitoring data of the test soil sample;
the monitoring device includes a camera and a tripod with adjustable height for supporting and fixing the camera.
10. The device for frost heaving and thaw settlement testing according to claim 9, further comprising a fixing mechanism, wherein the fixing mechanism comprises a pressure bearing table and a steel frame, the pressure bearing table is arranged below the soil sample box body, and the steel frame is arranged on the left side, the right side and the upper side of the soil sample box body;
the pressure bearing table is matched with the steel frame so as to fix the soil sample box body in the constant temperature box body; the displacement sensor is arranged on the steel frame above the soil sample box body;
the data acquisition device further comprises a data acquisition instrument, and the data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring the displacement detected by the displacement sensor and the temperature data detected by each temperature sensor.
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