CN115338426B - Device and method for strengthening 3D printing workpiece - Google Patents
Device and method for strengthening 3D printing workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN115338426B CN115338426B CN202210858934.3A CN202210858934A CN115338426B CN 115338426 B CN115338426 B CN 115338426B CN 202210858934 A CN202210858934 A CN 202210858934A CN 115338426 B CN115338426 B CN 115338426B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
- B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for strengthening a 3D printing workpiece, wherein the device comprises an ultrasonic assembly, an electromagnetic assembly and a working chamber; the working chamber is internally provided with a liquid medium, and the treatment workpiece is fixedly arranged in the working chamber and immersed in the liquid medium; the ultrasonic assembly comprises an ultrasonic radiation head, wherein the ultrasonic radiation head is provided with an acoustic wave radiation surface and is used for radiating ultrasonic waves into the working chamber; the electromagnetic assembly comprises an induction coil wound on the surface of the working chamber and a pulse current controller connected with the induction coil; through electromagnetic induction heating and ultrasonic cavitation combined action, the strengthening effect on the surfaces of 3D metal printing pieces with complex shapes such as trusses and the like for 3D printing can be realized. The invention can efficiently repair tiny holes and defects on the surface and inside of a complex 3D printing piece through the combination of electromagnetic induction heating and ultrasonic cavitation, strengthen the surface of a processed workpiece and improve the mechanical property of the workpiece.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal surface treatment, and particularly relates to a device and a method for strengthening a 3D printing workpiece.
Background
3D printing (3 DP) is a rapid prototyping technique, which is a technique for constructing objects by means of layer-by-layer printing using a bondable material such as powdered metal or plastic based on digital model files. The technology has wide application in jewelry, footwear, industrial design, construction, engineering and construction (AEC), automobiles, aerospace and the like. However, due to the molding characteristics of the 3D printing technology, generally, the interior and the surface of the printed workpiece have more tiny pores and defects, which greatly reduces the usability of the material. The electromagnetic induction heating technology is a technology for converting electric energy into heat energy by utilizing an electromagnetic induction principle, and the electromagnetic induction heating technology is utilized to directly heat the metal from the inside, so that the residual stress of a metal workpiece can be released to a certain extent in the process, and the plasticity of a material can be increased. The mechanical properties of the printed workpiece can be improved to a great extent by the surface strengthening treatment technology, but most of the surface strengthening technologies such as ultrasonic shot blasting and the like can form larger roughness on the surface of the workpiece and even cause surface damage of the workpiece, and the shot blasting generally can only treat the workpiece with a simple shape, and cannot carry out good strengthening treatment on some workpiece tips, limit positions and metamaterial with a specific shape. Ultrasonic cavitation refers to the phenomenon that when ultrasonic energy is high enough, tiny bubbles (cavitation nuclei) existing in liquid vibrate and grow under the action of an ultrasonic field and continuously gather acoustic field energy, and when the energy reaches a certain threshold value, cavitation bubbles collapse and close rapidly. During this period, a large amount of cavitation bubbles are generated and extremely high pressure is formed at the moment of collapse, so that the metal surface is subjected to impact strengthening treatment. However, in comparison with the conventional surface strengthening treatment technique, although the technique does not have the limitation of the shape of the workpiece and does not cause great damage to the surface of the workpiece to be treated, the intensity of the ultrasonic cavitation treatment cannot be denied to be relatively low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art, and provides a device and a method for strengthening a 3D printing workpiece based on the combination of electromagnetic induction heating and ultrasonic cavitation, wherein the combination of electromagnetic induction heating and ultrasonic cavitation can efficiently repair tiny holes and defects on the surface and the inside of a complex 3D printing workpiece, strengthen the surface of the processed workpiece and improve the mechanical property of the workpiece.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a device for strengthening a 3D printing workpiece comprises an ultrasonic assembly, an electromagnetic assembly and a working chamber; the working chamber is internally provided with a liquid medium, and the treatment workpiece is fixedly arranged in the working chamber and immersed in the liquid medium; the ultrasonic assembly comprises an ultrasonic radiation head, wherein the ultrasonic radiation head is provided with an acoustic wave radiation surface and is used for radiating ultrasonic waves into the working cavity; the electromagnetic assembly comprises an induction coil wound on the surface of the working chamber, and a pulse current controller connected with the induction coil, wherein the pulse current controller is connected to enable the induction coil to be electrified with pulse current, and eddy currents are generated in the workpiece and start to heat due to electromagnetic induction.
In the above scheme, the liquid medium is water.
In the scheme, the working chamber is made of nonmetal high-temperature resistant materials.
In the scheme, the sound wave radiation surface is parallel to the upper surface of the workpiece and is 0.7-0.9mm away from the upper surface of the workpiece.
In the above scheme, the ultrasonic assembly further comprises an ultrasonic amplitude transformer connected with the ultrasonic radiation head, an ultrasonic transducer connected with the ultrasonic amplitude transformer, and an ultrasonic generator connected with the ultrasonic transducer.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a method for strengthening the 3D printing workpiece, which comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing a workpiece in a working chamber, and adding a liquid medium into the working chamber until the workpiece is immersed; winding an induction coil on the surface of the working chamber, and connecting the induction coil with a pulse current controller; installing an ultrasonic assembly to enable an ultrasonic radiation head to be positioned right above a workpiece;
s2, switching on a pulse current controller to enable the induction coil to be fed with pulse current, generating eddy currents in the workpiece and starting heating due to electromagnetic induction, and simultaneously cooling the workpiece by surrounding liquid media;
and S3, connecting an ultrasonic assembly to generate ultrasonic waves, transmitting the ultrasonic waves into the liquid medium, generating an ultrasonic cavitation effect in the liquid medium, generating cavitation bubbles on the surface and inside of the workpiece by ultrasonic cavitation, and jointly strengthening the surface of the workpiece by combining micro-jet and shock waves generated by collapse of the cavitation bubbles and electromagnetic induction heating.
In the above method, in step S1, the ultrasonic radiation surface of the ultrasonic radiation head is disposed parallel to the upper surface of the workpiece, and the treatment distance is controlled to be 0.7-0.9mm.
In the method, in step S2, for the workpieces of different materials, a control equation of a temperature field is established, and pulse current parameters are adjusted according to the control equation so as to accurately control the heating temperature of the workpiece, thereby realizing the control of the most suitable heating temperature of the workpieces of different materials; the control equation of the temperature field is as follows:
where ρ: a material density;
c: specific heat of the material;
lambda: the thermal conductivity of the material;
t: the transient temperature of the workpiece being a function of position and time, i.e
T=t (x, y, z, T), T being time, x, y, z being cartesian coordinates;
q v : the intensity of the heat source is calculated by the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the current areal density is induced.
In the above method, in step S2, the pulse current parameters include the pulse current size and the pulse current frequency, the pulse current size ranges from 30 to 50A, and the pulse current frequency ranges from 8 to 15KHz.
In the above method, in step S3, the amplitude of the ultrasonic wave is in the range of 30-50 microns, and the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is in the range of 20KHz-23KHz.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention utilizes electromagnetic induction heating to directly heat the metal printing workpiece from the inside, has small pollution and higher thermal efficiency, and simultaneously, as the workpiece is immersed in a liquid medium and is cooled while being heated, the process can release the residual stress of the metal printing workpiece to a certain extent and repair some tiny holes in the metal printing workpiece, and can increase the plasticity of materials; meanwhile, a large amount of cavitation bubbles are generated by ultrasonic cavitation to impact the surface of the material, so that the material can be reinforced, the healing of some holes can be promoted, and the defect is repaired to a certain extent. Therefore, the application field and the range of the 3D printing piece are greatly improved.
Aiming at workpieces of different materials, the control equation of the temperature field is established, and pulse current parameters are adjusted according to the control equation so as to accurately control the heating temperature of the workpiece, thereby realizing the control of the most suitable heating temperature under different materials.
The device for strengthening the 3D printing workpiece can realize the strengthening effect on the surfaces of 3D metal printing workpieces with complex shapes such as trusses and the like subjected to 3D printing through the combined effect of electromagnetic induction heating and ultrasonic cavitation, and expands the engineering application field and the scope of the 3D printing workpieces. The device is easy to operate and high in strengthening treatment efficiency.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of the apparatus for strengthening a 3D printed workpiece of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a portion of the structure of the apparatus for strengthening a 3D printed workpiece of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an apparatus for strengthening a 3D printed workpiece in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of electromagnetic induction heating and ultrasonic cavitation combined strengthening.
In the figure: 11. an ultrasonic radiation head; 111. an acoustic wave radiation surface; 12. an ultrasonic horn; 13. an ultrasonic transducer; 14. an ultrasonic generator; 21. an induction coil; 22. a pulse current controller; 30. a working chamber; 31. a liquid medium; 40. a workpiece; 50. a support device; 60. vortex flow; 70. cavitation bubbles.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, an apparatus for strengthening a 3D printed workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an ultrasonic assembly, an electromagnetic assembly, and a working chamber 30.
The working chamber 30 is internally provided with a liquid medium 31, and the treatment workpiece 40 is fixedly mounted in the working chamber 30 and immersed in the liquid medium 31.
The ultrasonic assembly comprises an ultrasonic radiation head 11, an ultrasonic amplitude transformer 12, an ultrasonic transducer 13 and an ultrasonic generator 14 which are connected in sequence. The ultrasonic radiation head 11 has an acoustic radiation surface 111, is mounted above the work 40 at a close distance, and radiates ultrasonic waves into the working chamber 30. The ultrasonic transducer 13 is connected with the ultrasonic generator 14, and is used for converting the high-frequency oscillation electric signal of the ultrasonic generator into ultrasonic waves of longitudinal mechanical vibration and transmitting the ultrasonic waves to the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 12; the ultrasonic horn 12 amplifies the mass displacement or velocity of the ultrasonic mechanical vibration, and transmits the mass displacement or velocity to the ultrasonic radiation head 11, and the mass displacement or velocity is introduced into the liquid medium 31 by the ultrasonic radiation head 11.
The electromagnetic assembly includes an induction coil 21 wound around the surface of the working chamber 30, and a pulse current controller 22 connected to the induction coil 21, the pulse current controller 22 supplying a pulse current to the induction coil 21.
The device for strengthening the 3D printing workpiece can realize the strengthening effect on the surfaces of 3D metal printing workpieces with complex shapes such as trusses and the like subjected to 3D printing through the combined effect of electromagnetic induction heating and ultrasonic cavitation, and expands the engineering application field and the scope of the 3D printing workpieces. The device is easy to operate and high in strengthening treatment efficiency.
Further preferably, the liquid medium 31 is water.
Further preferably, the working chamber 30 is made of a non-metallic refractory material that does not itself generate induction heat. Preferably a transparent chamber made of quartz material, to facilitate the observation of the strengthening process.
Further preferably, the sonic radiating surface 111 is parallel to the upper surface of the workpiece 40 and is 0.7-0.9mm from the upper surface of the workpiece 40.
Further preferably, threads can be machined at the centers of the connecting end surfaces of the ultrasonic transducer 13 and the ultrasonic radiation head 11, and the ultrasonic transducer 13 and the ultrasonic radiation head 11 are respectively connected with the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 12 through studs.
Further preferably, the induction coil 21 is a copper coil, is circular in cross section, has a diameter of 4mm, and is wound on the surface of the transparent chamber at equal intervals of 1 mm.
Further preferably, the workpiece 40 is secured to the bottom of the working chamber 30 by a stud.
Further preferably, the device for strengthening the 3D printing workpiece further comprises a supporting device 50, and the ultrasonic assembly, the electromagnetic assembly and the working chamber 30 are respectively arranged on the supporting device 50 through threaded studs.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a method for strengthening the 3D printing workpiece 40, which comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing a workpiece 40 in a working chamber 30, and adding a liquid medium 31 into the working chamber 30 until the workpiece 40 is immersed; winding an induction coil 21 on the surface of the working chamber 30, and connecting the induction coil 21 with a pulse current controller 22; installing an ultrasonic assembly so that the ultrasonic radiation head 11 is located directly above the workpiece 40;
s2, switching on the pulse current controller 22 to enable the induction coil 21 to be supplied with pulse current, generating eddy currents 60 inside the workpiece 40 and starting heating due to electromagnetic induction, and simultaneously cooling the workpiece 40 by the surrounding liquid medium 31;
s3, switching on a power supply of the ultrasonic sounder to enable the ultrasonic assembly to generate ultrasonic waves, transmitting the ultrasonic waves into the liquid medium 31 to enable the liquid medium 31 to generate an ultrasonic cavitation effect, enabling ultrasonic cavitation to generate cavitation bubbles 70 on the surface and inside of the workpiece 40, enabling the cavitation bubbles 70 to collapse to generate micro-jet and shock waves, and jointly carrying out electromagnetic induction heating to jointly strengthen the surface of the workpiece 40.
The electromagnetic assembly can generate vortex 60 in the processed workpiece 40 through electromagnetic induction, and directly heat the processed workpiece from the inside of the material, so that the pollution is small and the heat efficiency is high; meanwhile, the workpiece 40 is immersed in the liquid medium 31, so that the liquid medium 31 can cool the workpiece 40 well while heating, the phenomenon that the original shape and performance of the workpiece 40 are affected due to overhigh temperature is avoided, and the heating temperature of the workpiece 40 can be indirectly controlled by adjusting the current magnitude and frequency of the induction coil 21 through adjusting the pulse current controller 22. While the workpiece 40 is heated and cooled by the liquid medium 31, the plasticity of the workpiece 40 is improved, and certain residual stress is released, so that the healing of micro holes of some 3D printed parts can be promoted. Meanwhile, ultrasonic cavitation is performed through the ultrasonic assembly, so that uniform and strong impact can be generated on the surface of the heated workpiece 40, plastic deformation of the impact surface is realized, residual compressive stress is implanted, the treatment surface is strengthened, healing of micro-holes on the surface and the shallow layer is promoted, the hardness of the treated workpiece 40 is improved, and serious damage to the surface of the treated workpiece 40 is avoided. In contrast, ultrasonic cavitation treatment can also improve surface quality because the surface of the 3D print is relatively rough.
In the method, the larger the amplitude and the frequency of the ultrasonic wave, the stronger the energy generated by the ultrasonic wave and the better the vibration effect are, however, the surface damage can be caused by the too strong surface strengthening; the pulse current size and frequency also need to be determined through experiments to ensure that the temperature interval can be accurately controlled:
the pulse current parameters comprise the size and frequency of the pulse current, the size range of the pulse current is 30-50A, and the frequency range is 8-15KHz;
the amplitude range of the ultrasonic wave is 30-50 micrometers, and the frequency range of the ultrasonic wave is 20KHz-23KHz;
the optimal treatment distance of the ultrasonic radiating surface 111 from the workpiece 40 is 0.7-0.9mm.
In the above method, the heating temperature of the workpiece 40 can be indirectly controlled by adjusting the current magnitude and frequency of the induction coil 21 by adjusting the pulse current controller 22. The specific principle is as follows:
when an alternating current with a certain frequency is introduced into the induction coil 21, the alternating current generates an alternating magnetic field near the induction coil 21, and the metal workpiece 40 generates an induction potential which prevents the change of the external magnetic field in the alternating magnetic field by Lenz's law, so that the induction current is generated, heat is generated, and the metal workpiece 40 is heated.
The law of electromagnetic induction can be expressed as follows:
wherein e: inducing an electromotive force;
magnetic flux through the conductor;
t: time.
As can be seen from equation (1), the induced electromotive force of the workpiece 40 is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux in the cross section, and the negative sign indicates the direction of the electromotive force. If there is a closed loop in the cross section of the workpiece 40, an induced current I is generated in the cross section of the workpiece 40 under the action of the induced potential, which is called an eddy current 60, and the eddy current 60 overcomes the resistance to do work to generate joule heat:
Q＝I 2 R△t (2)
wherein Q: joule heat generated by the current;
r: a resistance in the closed loop;
Δt, induction duration.
Since the eddy currents 60 are concentrated on the surface of the conductor, the induction heating is performed in an unstable heat conduction process, and therefore a transient equation of a temperature field needs to be established, and it is known from the law of conservation of energy that the sum of the heat conducted outside the object and the heat provided by the internal heat source is equal to the heat inside the object and a part of the heat required for temperature increase in unit time. The transient temperature of the workpiece during induction heating is a function of position and time, namely:
T＝T(x,y,z,t) (3)
wherein x, y, z are Cartesian coordinates.
The vortex 60 serves as an internal heat source, and its intensity (heat generation power per unit volume) is:
wherein q is v : intensity of the heat source;
induced current areal density;
ρ: material density.
The control equation for the temperature field can be derived:
where ρ: a material density;
c: specific heat of the material;
lambda: the thermal conductivity of the material;
t: the transient temperature of the workpiece is a function related to position and time, see formula (3);
q v : the intensity of the heat source is shown in formula (4).
For workpieces 40 of different materials, the control equation of the temperature field is established, and pulse current parameters are adjusted according to the control equation so as to accurately control the heating temperature of the workpiece 40, so that the control of the most suitable heating temperature under different materials is realized. The 3D printed workpiece 40 can repair holes and micro defects in the process of heating and cooling, can release certain residual stress, can improve the plasticity of materials to a certain extent in the heating process, is more beneficial to impact reinforcement, and for the metamaterial structure of the 3D printed workpiece, ultrasonic cavitation impacts the whole workpiece 40 by generating a large number of cavitation bubbles to collapse, and bubbles can comprehensively reinforce the workpiece 40 without being influenced by the shape of the workpiece 40, and reinforce the workpiece 40 by generating plastic strain and introducing residual compressive stress.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for strengthening the 3D printing workpiece is characterized by adopting a device for strengthening the 3D printing workpiece, wherein the device for strengthening the 3D printing workpiece comprises an ultrasonic assembly, an electromagnetic assembly and a working chamber; the working chamber is internally provided with a liquid medium, and the treatment workpiece is fixedly arranged in the working chamber and immersed in the liquid medium; the ultrasonic assembly comprises an ultrasonic radiation head, wherein the ultrasonic radiation head is provided with an acoustic wave radiation surface and is used for radiating ultrasonic waves into the working cavity; the electromagnetic assembly comprises an induction coil wound on the surface of the working chamber and a pulse current controller connected with the induction coil;
the method for strengthening the 3D printing workpiece comprises the following steps of:
s1, fixing a workpiece in a working chamber, and adding a liquid medium into the working chamber until the workpiece is immersed; winding an induction coil on the surface of the working chamber, and connecting the induction coil with a pulse current controller; installing an ultrasonic assembly to enable an ultrasonic radiation head to be positioned right above a workpiece;
s2, switching on a pulse current controller to enable the induction coil to be fed with pulse current, generating eddy currents in the workpiece and starting heating due to electromagnetic induction, and simultaneously cooling the workpiece by surrounding liquid media;
and S3, connecting an ultrasonic assembly to generate ultrasonic waves, transmitting the ultrasonic waves into the liquid medium, generating an ultrasonic cavitation effect in the liquid medium, generating cavitation bubbles on the surface and inside of the workpiece by ultrasonic cavitation, and jointly strengthening the surface of the workpiece by combining micro-jet and shock waves generated by collapse of the cavitation bubbles and electromagnetic induction heating.
2. The method for strengthening a 3D printed workpiece according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the ultrasonic radiation surface of the ultrasonic radiation head is disposed parallel to the upper surface of the workpiece, and the processing distance is controlled to be 0.7-0.9mm.
3. The method for strengthening a 3D printed workpiece according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, for the workpieces of different materials, the heating temperature of the workpiece is precisely controlled by establishing a control equation of a temperature field and adjusting the pulse current parameter according to the control equation, so as to realize the control of the most suitable heating temperature under the different materials; the control equation of the temperature field is as follows:
where ρ: a material density;
c: specific heat of the material;
lambda: the thermal conductivity of the material;
t: the transient temperature of the workpiece being a function of position and time, i.e
T=t (x, y, z, T), T being time, x, y, z being cartesian coordinates;
q v : the intensity of the heat source is calculated by the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the current areal density is induced.
4. A method of strengthening a 3D printed workpiece according to claim 3, wherein in step S2, the pulse current parameters include a pulse current magnitude and a frequency, the pulse current magnitude being in the range of 30-50A and the frequency being in the range of 8-15KHz.
5. The method of strengthening a 3D printed workpiece according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the ultrasonic wave has an amplitude ranging from 30 to 50 μm and a frequency ranging from 20KHz to 23KHz.
6. The method of strengthening a 3D printed workpiece of claim 1, wherein the liquid medium is water.
7. The method of strengthening a 3D printed workpiece of claim 1, wherein the working chamber is of a non-metallic refractory material.
8. The method of strengthening a 3D printed workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the sonic radiating surface is parallel to and 0.7-0.9mm from the upper surface of the workpiece.
9. The method of strengthening a 3D printed workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic assembly further comprises an ultrasonic horn coupled to the ultrasonic radiation head, an ultrasonic transducer coupled to the ultrasonic horn, and an ultrasonic generator coupled to the ultrasonic transducer.
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| RU2676989C1 (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-01-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Саратовский государственный технический университет имени Гагарина Ю.А." (СГТУ имени Гагарина Ю.А.) | Method for forming products by three-dimensional layer printing with exposure of microwave electromagnetic field and ultrasound |
| DE102017223849A1 (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-04 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method and device for non-contact non-destructive examination of a workpiece |
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| CN110421167A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-08 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of method of inductance ultrasonic coupling auxiliary Direct Laser deposited metal material |
| CN111745032A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-10-09 | 厦门大学 | Electromagnetic forming device and method based on ultrasonic assistance |
| CN111485267A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-08-04 | 河源富马硬质合金股份有限公司 | Hard alloy strengthening treatment method |
| CN112877750A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-06-01 | 河南科技学院 | Device for multi-energy field assisted jet electrodeposition of nano composite layer and preparation method |
| CN113084195A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 武汉大学 | Method and device for reducing fusion air hole defects of laser powder bed |
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