CN115338320A - Forming device and forming method for sheet metal part of airplane cabin door - Google Patents
Forming device and forming method for sheet metal part of airplane cabin door Download PDFInfo
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- CN115338320A CN115338320A CN202211118421.5A CN202211118421A CN115338320A CN 115338320 A CN115338320 A CN 115338320A CN 202211118421 A CN202211118421 A CN 202211118421A CN 115338320 A CN115338320 A CN 115338320A
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- die
- male die
- blank
- female die
- blank holder
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/22—Deep-drawing with devices for holding the edge of the blanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
- B21D26/031—Mould construction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
- B21D43/003—Positioning devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an airplane cabin door sheet metal part forming device and a forming method, wherein liquid filling forming and rigid forming are combined, a liquid chamber is arranged through a female die, a part blank is placed on a female die flange, a blank holder descends to press the part blank, then a male die descends to contact the upper surface of the part blank, the part blank is stretched by the male die to descend into the female die under the action of the pressure of the liquid chamber, the blank is plastically deformed under the combined action of the pressures of the male die and the liquid chamber, most of the parting surfaces and steps are formed in the liquid filling and drawing stage, and a small R area of the molded surface and part resilience are formed by rigid extrusion forming of molded surfaces of the male die and the female die. The invention can effectively improve the integral forming quality and precision of the airplane cabin door parts and greatly improve the manufacturing efficiency of the parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the sheet plastic processing technology in the field of aviation manufacturing, and particularly relates to a forming method and a forming die for a thin-wall sheet metal part with a secondary step at the basin-shaped bottom of an aircraft cabin door.
Background
In the field of aviation manufacturing, along with the continuous improvement of performance requirements of airplanes in extreme environments in recent years, the manufacturing quality of more and more complex thin-wall sheet metal parts is also improved, the manufacturing difficulty of the parts is further increased, and great challenges are brought to the manufacturing level.
The aircraft cabin door sheet metal part has the characteristics of large size, high precision, high surface quality and high fatigue resistance, and in the manufacturing of the aircraft cabin door sheet metal part, because the stretching depth of the cabin door part is large, the R angle at the flange is very small (R is only 5 mm), and the bottom of the flange is provided with a small R step, the traditional stretching process is difficult to form in one step, the R area and the secondary step of the part are very easy to break, the forming process is complex, the number of the moulds is more, and the existing method combining the drop-pressure process and the manual assistance is mostly adopted for manufacturing. The drop-pressure process is a traditional method for forming complex sheet metal parts of an airplane, but the manual trimming workload is large in the forming process, the forming quality of the parts is not easy to control, the parts are repeatedly subjected to drop hammer impact and manual beating, the surface and the interior of the parts are seriously damaged, meanwhile, the cold work hardening phenomenon is very easy to occur in the part forming process, multiple annealing treatments are needed for improving the plastic deformation of the parts, the process is complicated, the efficiency is low, the fatigue life requirement of the airplane is difficult to meet, and the development trend of the airplane sheet metal precise forming technology is adapted, and the drop-pressure process and the manual auxiliary manufacturing mode are forbidden by the plain texts of the western countries and are also limited and adopted by the domestic aviation industry, so that the traditional drop-pressure process and the manual auxiliary manufacturing method are urgently required to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
Solves the technical problem
The invention aims to solve the problems of poor surface quality, low dimensional precision and poor fatigue resistance of the manufactured thin-wall sheet metal part with the secondary step at the basin-shaped bottom of the airplane cabin door, and improves the part forming quality and efficiency based on a new process method.
Technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an airplane cabin door sheet metal part forming device which comprises a male die, a female die, a blank holder, a liquid chamber and a guide plate; the method comprises the following steps that molded surfaces to be attached to parts to be molded are manufactured on a male die and a female die, a liquid filling chamber and a liquid filling hole are formed in the bottom of the female die, a blank holder is arranged in a flange area of the female die part, the male die penetrates through the blank holder and is positioned by a guide plate, the guide plate is fixedly installed around the male die, the female die is installed on a lower working table of a hydraulic machine tool, the male die is installed on a stretching slide block of the hydraulic machine tool, and the blank holder is installed on a blank holder slide block of the hydraulic machine tool.
The invention also provides a method for forming the sheet metal part of the airplane cabin door, which combines liquid filling forming and rigid forming and is realized by arranging a liquid chamber through a concave die; during forming, a part blank to be formed is placed on a female die flange, a blank holder descends to press the part blank, then a male die descends to contact the upper surface of the part blank, the male die stretches the part blank to descend into the female die under the action of the pressure of a liquid chamber, the blank is subjected to plastic deformation under the combined action of the pressures of the male die and the liquid chamber, most of surfaces and steps are formed in a liquid filling and drawing stage, and the small R area of the molded surface and the part resilience are formed by rigid extrusion forming of the molded surfaces of the male die and the female die.
The forming process specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, a female die is arranged on a lower workbench of a hydraulic machine tool, a male die is arranged on a stretching slide block of the hydraulic machine tool, a blank holder is arranged on a blank holder slide block of the hydraulic machine tool, and a part blank is placed on the female die;
secondly, the blank holder descends to the upper surface of the part blank and presses the part blank, and the male die descends to contact the upper surface of the part blank;
inputting a preset blank holder force, and injecting water into the female die and pressurizing to a preset value;
step four, keeping the blank holder force and the liquid chamber pressure, and continuously drawing the part blank downwards by the male die to enter the cavity of the female die;
step five, when the distance between the convex die and the binding surface of the concave die is 5mm, the pressure of the liquid chamber is relieved, and meanwhile, the convex die continuously stretches the part blank to be bound on the molding surface of the concave die;
step six, completely decompressing a female die liquid chamber and keeping the male die to be pressed for a certain time;
and step seven, opening the mold to take out the molded part.
Advantageous technical effects
The method has the advantages of low mould manufacturing cost, simple process, simplified operation, good part manufacturing quality, high precision and high efficiency; in the molding process, a plurality of sets of molds are integrated into a whole, so that the mold cost is simplified; under the action of the pressure of the liquid chamber, the part to be processed is tightly attached to the surface of the male die, and meanwhile, the friction force between the part to be processed and the male die is increased, so that the side wall of the part to be processed is prevented from being cracked due to overlarge tensile stress; under the action of the pressure of the liquid chamber, the contact between a flange fillet area of the part to be processed and a concave die inlet fillet area is avoided, the contact friction force is small, and the part to be processed can flow to a forming area; the corner area of the part to be processed is prevented from being broken.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a working schematic diagram of the forming of sheet metal parts of an airplane door;
wherein: 1-male die, 2-blank holder, 3-female die, 4-liquid chamber, 5-liquid injection hole and 6-guide plate.
Detailed Description
With the attached figure 1, the forming device for the sheet metal parts of the airplane cabin door comprises a male die 1, a blank holder 2, a female die 3, a liquid chamber 4, a liquid injection hole 5 and a guide plate 6; the method comprises the following steps that part attaching molded surfaces are manufactured on a male die 1 and a female die 3, wherein a liquid filling liquid chamber 4 and a liquid filling hole 5 are arranged at the bottom of the female die 3, a blank holder 2 is arranged on a flange area of the part of the female die 3, the male die 1 penetrates through the blank holder 2 and is positioned by a guide plate 6, the guide plate 6 is fixedly installed around the male die 1, the female die 3 is installed on a lower working table of a hydraulic machine tool, the male die 1 is installed on a stretching slide block of the hydraulic machine tool, and the blank holder 2 is installed on a blank holder slide block of the hydraulic machine tool.
During specific design, molded surfaces matched with the small R area are manufactured on the male die 1 and the female die 3. The upper end of the male die 1 is connected with a machine tool through an adapter plate. And a guide plate 6 is arranged between the convex die 1 and the periphery of the blank holder 2 and used for guiding the convex die 1 during movement. Be provided with the bearing block between blank holder 2 and the die 3, be used for guaranteeing to form certain clearance between blank holder and the die on the one hand, on the other hand plays the supporting role to the blank holder, prevents that the blank holder from receiving the lathe pressure to produce and warping at the during operation. In the machining and forming process, vacuum is easily formed between a part to be machined and the male die 1, and the male die 1 is provided with an exhaust hole, so that the part can be conveniently taken down from the male die after machining is finished.
The forming device for realizing the forming of the sheet metal parts of the airplane cabin door comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a female die is arranged on a lower workbench of a hydraulic machine tool, a male die is arranged on a stretching sliding block of the hydraulic machine tool, a blank holder is arranged on a blank holder sliding block of the hydraulic machine tool, and a part blank is placed on the female die.
And secondly, the blank holder descends to the upper surface of the part blank and presses the part blank, and the male die descends to contact the upper surface of the part blank.
Inputting a preset blank holder force, injecting liquid into the female die, and pressurizing to a preset value, wherein in the implementation process, the liquid can be water or hydraulic oil.
And step four, keeping the blank holder force and the liquid chamber pressure, and continuously drawing the part blank downwards by the male die to enter the cavity of the female die.
And step five, the liquid chamber is decompressed by the male die when the distance between the male die and the binding surface of the female die is 5mm, and meanwhile, the male die continuously stretches the part blank to be bound to the profile of the female die.
And step six, completely relieving pressure of the female die liquid chamber and keeping the male die pressed for a certain time.
And step seven, opening the mould to take out the molded part.
The forming process is adopted, the multiple sets of dies are integrated, the processing process is easy to realize, the part to be processed is tightly attached to the surface of the male die under the action of the pressure of the liquid chamber, meanwhile, the friction force between the part to be processed and the male die is increased, and the side wall of the part to be processed is prevented from being cracked due to overlarge tensile stress; under the action of the pressure of the liquid chamber, the contact between a flange fillet area of the part to be processed and a concave die inlet fillet area is avoided, the contact friction force is small, and the part to be processed can flow to a forming area; the corner area of the part to be processed is prevented from being broken. The invention organically combines the liquid filling forming and the rigid forming, can effectively improve the integral forming quality and precision of the airplane cabin door parts, and greatly improves the manufacturing efficiency of the parts.
The above detailed description or the examples are only used for explaining the technical solutions of the present invention, and do not limit the present application, and the parts which are not described in detail are all regarded as conventional technical means or common general knowledge in the field; those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: based on the design concept of the present application, it should be noted that adaptive modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The forming device for the sheet metal parts of the airplane cabin door is characterized by comprising a male die, a female die, a blank holder, a liquid chamber and a guide plate; the die comprises a male die and a female die, wherein molded surfaces for fitting parts to be formed are manufactured on the male die and the female die, a liquid filling chamber and a liquid filling hole are formed in the bottom of the female die, a blank holder is arranged in a flange area of the female die, the male die penetrates through the blank holder and is positioned by a guide plate, the guide plate is fixedly arranged around the male die, the female die is arranged on a lower working table of a hydraulic machine tool, the male die is arranged on a stretching slide block of the hydraulic machine tool, and the blank holder is arranged on a blank holder slide block of the hydraulic machine tool.
2. The forming device of sheet metal parts of aircraft doors according to claim 1, wherein the male die and the female die are both formed with profiles matching the small R zone of the parts to be processed.
3. The forming device for sheet metal parts of aircraft doors according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the male die is connected with a hydraulic machine tool through an adapter plate.
4. The forming device for sheet metal parts of aircraft doors according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the male die 1 is provided with vent holes.
5. The forming device for sheet metal parts of an aircraft door according to claim 1, wherein guide plates are arranged between the male die and the blank holder for guiding and limiting the movement of the male die.
6. The forming device of sheet metal parts for aircraft doors according to claim 5, wherein a bearing block is further provided between the blank holder and the female die.
7. A method for forming sheet metal parts of an airplane cabin door is characterized in that a part blank to be formed is placed on a female die flange, a blank holder descends to press the part blank, then a male die descends to contact the upper surface of the part blank, the male die stretches the part blank to descend into the female die under the action of liquid chamber pressure, the part blank is subjected to plastic deformation under the combined action of the pressures of the male die and the liquid chamber, most of surfaces and steps are formed in a liquid filling and drawing stage, and a small R area of the surface and part resilience are formed by rigid extrusion forming of the surfaces of the male die and the female die.
8. The method for forming sheet metal parts for aircraft doors according to claim 7, wherein the forming method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a female die is arranged on a lower workbench of a hydraulic machine tool, a male die is arranged on a stretching sliding block of the hydraulic machine tool, a blank holder is arranged on a blank holder sliding block of the hydraulic machine tool, and a part blank is placed on the female die;
secondly, the blank holder descends to the upper surface of the part blank and presses the part blank, and the male die descends to contact the upper surface of the part blank;
inputting a preset blank holder force, and injecting water into the female die and pressurizing to a preset value;
step four, keeping the blank holder force and the pressure of the liquid chamber, and continuously drawing the part blank downwards by the male die to enter the cavity of the female die;
step five, when the distance between the convex die and the binding surface of the concave die is 5mm, the pressure of the liquid chamber is relieved, and meanwhile, the convex die continuously stretches the part blank to be bound on the molding surface of the concave die;
step six, completely relieving pressure of the female die liquid chamber, and keeping the male die pressed for a certain time;
and step seven, opening the mould to take out the molded part.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211118421.5A CN115338320A (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | Forming device and forming method for sheet metal part of airplane cabin door |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211118421.5A CN115338320A (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | Forming device and forming method for sheet metal part of airplane cabin door |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115338320A true CN115338320A (en) | 2022-11-15 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211118421.5A Pending CN115338320A (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | Forming device and forming method for sheet metal part of airplane cabin door |
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| CN (1) | CN115338320A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001129618A (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-15 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Superplastic forming die and method for superplastic forming |
| CN102764808A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-11-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hydraulic forming device and method of reducing cylindrical part |
| CN102873165A (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2013-01-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Shock hydraulic composite forming process for small feature part of complex part |
| CN107617664A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2018-01-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of combination of rigidity and flexibility forming technology towards large complicated multiple features plate material parts |
| CN111589931A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-28 | 安徽工业大学 | Plate double-side pressure control hydro-mechanical deep drawing forming method based on dynamic and static combined liquid pool |
-
2022
- 2022-09-14 CN CN202211118421.5A patent/CN115338320A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001129618A (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-15 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Superplastic forming die and method for superplastic forming |
| CN102764808A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-11-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hydraulic forming device and method of reducing cylindrical part |
| CN102873165A (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2013-01-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Shock hydraulic composite forming process for small feature part of complex part |
| CN107617664A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2018-01-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of combination of rigidity and flexibility forming technology towards large complicated multiple features plate material parts |
| CN111589931A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-28 | 安徽工业大学 | Plate double-side pressure control hydro-mechanical deep drawing forming method based on dynamic and static combined liquid pool |
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