CN115333489A - Reverse power protection method of high-power amplifier - Google Patents
Reverse power protection method of high-power amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN115333489A CN115333489A CN202210746018.0A CN202210746018A CN115333489A CN 115333489 A CN115333489 A CN 115333489A CN 202210746018 A CN202210746018 A CN 202210746018A CN 115333489 A CN115333489 A CN 115333489A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/52—Circuit arrangements for protecting such amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/189—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
- H03F3/19—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/195—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/213—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/451—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of communication circuits and discloses a reverse power protection method of a high-power amplifier, which comprises the following steps: s1: the transmitting equipment transmits a signal of a radio frequency signal source, and extracts a part of signal power of a reverse input signal of the signal source to be used as sampling operation; s2: converting the sampled signal power into a direct-current voltage signal; s3: amplifying the direct current voltage signal through an operational amplifier; s4: the amplified voltage signal is compared with the initially set threshold voltage for judgment, if the amplified direct current voltage signal exceeds the threshold voltage, the switch unit connected in series in the transmission line is controlled to disconnect the connection between the radio frequency signal generating circuit and the output terminal, otherwise, the switch unit is controlled to connect the connection between the radio frequency signal generating circuit and the output terminal, the influence of the existing overcurrent protection device on the radio frequency signal output can be reduced, the high-frequency radio frequency output device is suitable for high-frequency radio frequency output equipment, the response speed is high, and the damage of the radio frequency output equipment caused by a high-power reverse input signal is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of communication circuits, in particular to a reverse power protection method of a high-power amplifier.
Background
In a wireless communication system, a High Power Amplifier (HPA) is an important component of a transmitting circuit, generally, the high power amplifier is composed of a multi-stage amplifier, an output end of the multi-stage amplifier is a highest level point of a transmitting link, the multi-stage amplifier is connected with a transmitting antenna through a duplexer, the high power amplifier mainly plays a role of amplifying a low level signal to a high power level required by remote transmission on a transmitting frequency, the difference of HPA output power of different transmitters is very large due to factors such as frequency bands, transmission distances, antenna gains, signal modulation modes and the like, a general power amplifier protection circuit is designed to sample and average analog voltage output by a power detector for forward output power, an MCU judges a power value, and a digital attenuator is used for controlling the output power so that the power output is constant. For the reverse reflected power, a mode of a circulator and a radio frequency load is adopted to isolate the reflected power, the reflected power is absorbed to the load and converted into heat consumption, the transmitting equipment gives out a required signal, and the equipment does not carry out signal analysis, such as a radio frequency signal source and the like; the receiving equipment does not have signal output, various analyses are made by receiving signals sent from the outside, for example, a spectrum analyzer, an oscilloscope and the like are all the receiving equipment, for the transmitting equipment, reverse input signals may exist at the output end of the transmitting equipment, and if the power of the reverse input signals is too large, circuit elements of the transmitting equipment can be damaged, so that a reverse power protection method of a high-power amplifier is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a reverse power protection method of a high-power amplifier, which solves the problems.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a reverse power protection method of a high-power amplifier comprises the following steps:
s1: the transmitting equipment transmits a signal of a radio frequency signal source, and extracts a part of signal power of a reverse input signal of the signal source to be used as sampling operation;
s2: converting the sampled signal power into a direct-current voltage signal;
s3: amplifying the direct current voltage signal through an operational amplifier;
s4: and comparing and judging the amplified voltage signal with the initially set threshold voltage.
Preferably, the extracting the power of the radio frequency signal transmitted by the signal source in S1 includes the following steps:
s21: obtaining the frequency response of the attenuator through the scanning of a vector network analyzer, wherein the frequency response of the attenuator is the power attenuation value of the attenuator at each frequency point in the working frequency band;
s22: connecting the output end of the power amplifier with an attenuator, connecting the attenuator to a power meter, and connecting a communication port of the power meter to the FPGA;
s23: setting an input frequency f of a signal source, controlling the signal source to generate an input signal to a power amplifier under the input frequency f, reading the receiving power Pout of a power meter in real time, and establishing a first fitting function of the input frequency f, the receiving power Pout and the output power P of a transmitting signal, wherein the input frequency f is the frequency in a working frequency band, the output power P is the power of the input power Pi amplified according to the rated gain of the power amplifier, and the input power Pi is the power of the input signal.
Preferably, the establishing of the first fitting function of the input frequency f, the received power Pout and the output power P of the transmission signal in S23 includes the following steps:
s31: selecting two adjacent frequency points f 'and f' at the frequency point of the input frequency f, obtaining attenuation values a (f ') and a (f') of the frequency points f 'and f' according to the frequency response of the attenuator, and performing linear fitting on the attenuation values a (f '), a (f')), (f ', a (f')) to obtain a formula a (f) = k = f + b; the input frequency f is the frequency of a transmitting signal, and the transmitting signal is a signal in a working frequency band sent by a signal source;
s32: the received power Pout of the power meter is read, and the input frequency f, the received power Pout and the output power P of the transmitted signal are formed into a first fitting function P = Pout + (k × f + b).
Preferably, the step of converting the signal power in S2 into a dc voltage signal includes the steps of:
s41: establishing a first corresponding relation table of input power Pi, forward detection voltage V +, sampling frequency point and output power P;
s42: establishing a second corresponding relation table of the input power Pi, the reverse detection voltage V-, the input frequency f and the output power P;
s43: calculating forward detection voltage V + under input frequency f and output power P according to the first corresponding relation table;
s44: calculating the deviation ranges of the reverse detection voltage V-H and the forward detection voltage during the standing wave protection under the input frequency f and the output power P according to the second corresponding relation table;
s45: calculating the input power Pi under the input frequency f and the output power P according to the first corresponding relation table;
s46: and when the output power of the power amplifier is P, reading the forward detection voltage and the reverse detection voltage in real time, and if the forward detection voltage read in real time is not in the range of (V + L, V + H) or the reverse detection voltage read in real time is greater than V-H, the FPGA controls to cut off the working current of the power amplifier.
Preferably, the comparing the amplified dc voltage signal with a predetermined threshold voltage in S4 further includes adjusting the threshold voltage, thereby controlling the comparison result.
Preferably, the comparing the amplified dc voltage signal with a predetermined threshold voltage in S4 includes the following steps:
s61: the forward power detector detects the forward output power of the power amplifier circuit, and outputs voltage analog quantity to the MCU for sampling and calculating an output power value;
s62: the reverse power detector detects the reverse reflection power of the power amplifier circuit and outputs voltage analog quantity to the MCU for sampling and calculating a reverse power value;
s63: and the reverse power voltage comparison control circuit compares the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU with the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector, and controls the reverse reflection power to be at a required threshold when the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector is higher than the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU.
Preferably, the reverse voltage comparison control circuit includes: and the reverse power voltage comparison control circuit compares the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU with the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector.
Preferably, the step of controlling the reverse reflected power to be at the required threshold when the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector is higher than the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU comprises:
s81: and when the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector is higher than the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU, the voltage control PIN diode attenuator is quickly started and controlled, and the reverse reflection power is controlled at a required threshold.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a reverse power protection method of a high-power amplifier, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the reverse power protection method of the high-power amplifier compares the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU with the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector through the reverse power voltage comparison control circuit, when the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector is higher than the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU, the reverse reflection power is controlled at a required threshold, therefore, the comparison and gain control of the forward power and the reverse radio frequency power are realized by adopting the analog circuit, the process that the MCU samples analog signals, carries out algorithm judgment and controls the power through a digital attenuator is omitted, the forward output power of the radio frequency power amplifier can be accurately and quickly controlled, the reverse link can reduce the requirements on a circulator and a load and even cancel the circulator and the load, the cost is reduced, the accurate and quick reverse power protection is realized, and the power tube is prevented from being damaged due to overlarge reflected power impact.
2. According to the reverse power protection method of the high-power amplifier, when the output power of the power amplifier is P, the forward detection voltage and the reverse detection voltage are read in real time, if the forward detection voltage read in real time is not in the range of (V + L, V + H) or the reverse detection voltage read in real time is larger than V-H, the FPGA controls and cuts off the working current of the power amplifier, and after excitation is applied to the power amplifier, the FPGA carries out high-speed and accurate standing-wave ratio protection on the power amplifier in real time under any input frequency.
3. The reverse power protection method of the high-power amplifier compares an amplified direct-current voltage signal with a preset threshold voltage, if the amplified direct-current voltage signal exceeds the threshold voltage, the switch unit connected in series in the transmission line is controlled to disconnect the connection between the radio-frequency signal generating circuit and the output terminal, otherwise, the switch unit is controlled to connect the radio-frequency signal generating circuit and the output terminal, the influence of the existing overcurrent protection device on the radio-frequency signal output can be reduced, the reverse power protection method is suitable for high-frequency radio-frequency output equipment, has high response speed, and avoids the damage of the radio-frequency output equipment caused by a high-power reverse input signal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, a reverse power protection method of a high power amplifier includes the following steps:
s1: the transmitting equipment transmits a signal of a radio frequency signal source, and extracts a part of signal power of a reverse input signal of the signal source to be used as sampling operation;
s2: converting the sampled signal power into a direct-current voltage signal;
s3: amplifying the direct current voltage signal through an operational amplifier;
s4: and comparing and judging the amplified voltage signal with the initially set threshold voltage.
Further, the step of extracting the power of the radio frequency signal transmitted by the signal source in S1 includes the following steps:
s21: scanning by a vector network analyzer to obtain the frequency response of the attenuator, namely the power attenuation value of the attenuator at each frequency point in the working frequency band;
s22: connecting the output end of the power amplifier with an attenuator, connecting the attenuator to a power meter, and connecting a communication port of the power meter to the FPGA; the FPGA is a field programmable gate array, and is a product further developed on the basis of programmable devices such as PAL, GAL, CPLD and the like. The circuit is a semi-custom circuit in the field of Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), not only overcomes the defects of the custom circuit, but also overcomes the defect that the number of gate circuits of the original programmable device is limited.
S23: setting an input frequency f of a signal source, controlling the signal source to generate an input signal to a power amplifier under the input frequency f, reading the received power Pout of a power meter in real time, and establishing a first fitting function of the input frequency f, the received power Pout and the output power P of a transmitting signal, wherein the input frequency f is the frequency in a working frequency band, the output power P is the power of the input power Pi amplified according to the rated gain of the power amplifier, and the input power Pi is the power of the input signal.
Firstly, the attenuator is scanned independently, the input end of the attenuator is connected to one end of a vector network analyzer, the output end of the attenuator is connected to the other end of the vector network analyzer, and the frequency response of the attenuator is obtained through the scanning of the vector network analyzer.
Further, the step of establishing a first fitting function of the input frequency f, the received power Pout and the output power P of the transmission signal in S23 includes the following steps:
s31: selecting two adjacent frequency points f 'and f' at a frequency point where the input frequency f is located, obtaining attenuation values a (f ') and a (f') of the frequency points f 'and f' according to the frequency response of the attenuator, and performing linear fitting on the attenuation values a (f '), a (f')), (f ', a (f')) to obtain a formula a (f) = k × f + b; the input frequency f is the frequency of a transmitting signal, and the transmitting signal is a signal in a working frequency band sent by a signal source;
s32: the received power Pout of the power meter is read, and the input frequency f, the received power Pout and the output power P of the transmitted signal are formed into a first fitting function P = Pout + (k × f + b).
Further, the step of converting the signal power into the dc voltage signal in S2 includes the following steps:
s41: establishing a first corresponding relation table of input power Pi, forward detection voltage V +, sampling frequency point and output power P;
s42: establishing a second corresponding relation table of the input power Pi, the reverse detection voltage V-, the input frequency f and the output power P;
s43: calculating forward detection voltage V + under input frequency f and output power P according to the first corresponding relation table;
s44: calculating the deviation ranges of the reverse detection voltage V-H and the forward detection voltage during the standing wave protection under the input frequency f and the output power P according to the second corresponding relation table;
s45: calculating input power Pi under input frequency f and output power P according to the first corresponding relation table;
s46: and when the output power of the power amplifier is P, reading the forward detection voltage and the reverse detection voltage in real time, and if the forward detection voltage read in real time is not in the range of (V + L, V + H) or the reverse detection voltage read in real time is greater than V-H, the FPGA controls to cut off the working current of the power amplifier.
Further, comparing the amplified dc voltage signal with a predetermined threshold voltage in S4 further includes adjusting the threshold voltage, thereby controlling the comparison result.
Further, comparing the amplified dc voltage signal with a predetermined threshold voltage in S4 comprises the steps of:
s61: the forward power detector detects the forward output power of the power amplifier circuit, and outputs voltage analog quantity to the MCU for sampling and calculating an output power value;
s62: the reverse power detector detects the reverse reflection power of the power amplifier circuit, and outputs voltage analog quantity to the MCU for sampling and calculating a reverse power value;
s63: the reverse power voltage comparison control circuit compares the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU with the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector, and controls the reverse reflection power to be at a required threshold when the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector is higher than the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU.
Further, the counter voltage comparison control circuit includes: and the reverse power voltage comparison control circuit compares the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU with the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector.
Further, when the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector is higher than the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU, the step of controlling the reverse reflected power to the required threshold includes:
s81: the reverse power voltage comparison circuit is used for comparing the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU with the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector, when the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector is higher than the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU, the voltage control PIN diode attenuator is quickly started and controlled, the reverse reflection power is controlled at a required threshold, the MCU is a micro control unit, also called a single-chip microcomputer or a single-chip microcomputer, and means that a CPU, an RAM, a ROM, a timing counter and various I/O interfaces of a computer are integrated on one chip to form a chip-level computer.
The amplified direct current voltage signal is compared with a preset threshold voltage, if the amplified direct current voltage signal exceeds the threshold voltage, the switch unit connected in series in the transmission line is controlled to disconnect the radio frequency signal generating circuit from the output terminal, otherwise, the switch unit is controlled to connect the radio frequency signal generating circuit with the output terminal, the influence of the existing overcurrent protection device on the radio frequency signal output can be reduced, the high-frequency radio frequency output device is suitable for high-frequency radio frequency output equipment, the response speed is high, and the device damage of the radio frequency output equipment caused by a high-power reverse input signal is avoided.
Claims (8)
1. A reverse power protection method of a high-power amplifier is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the transmitting equipment transmits a signal of a radio frequency signal source, and extracts a part of signal power of a reverse input signal of the signal source to be used as sampling operation;
s2: converting the sampled signal power into a direct-current voltage signal;
s3: amplifying the direct current voltage signal through an operational amplifier;
s4: and comparing and judging the amplified voltage signal with the initially set threshold voltage.
2. The reverse power protection method of the high power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein: the step of extracting the radio frequency signal power transmitted by the signal source in the step S1 includes the following steps:
s21: scanning by a vector network analyzer to obtain the frequency response of the attenuator, wherein the frequency response of the attenuator is the power attenuation value of the attenuator at each frequency point in the working frequency band;
s22: connecting the output end of the power amplifier with an attenuator, connecting the attenuator to a power meter, and connecting a communication port of the power meter to the FPGA;
s23: setting an input frequency f of a signal source, controlling the signal source to generate an input signal to a power amplifier under the input frequency f, reading the receiving power Pout of a power meter in real time, and establishing a first fitting function of the input frequency f, the receiving power Pout and the output power P of a transmitting signal, wherein the input frequency f is the frequency in a working frequency band, the output power P is the power of the input power Pi amplified according to the rated gain of the power amplifier, and the input power Pi is the power of the input signal.
3. The reverse power protection method of the high power amplifier according to claim 2, wherein: the step of establishing a first fitting function of the input frequency f, the received power Pout and the output power P of the transmission signal in S23 includes the following steps:
s31: selecting two adjacent frequency points f 'and f' at a frequency point where the input frequency f is located, obtaining attenuation values a (f ') and a (f') of the frequency points f 'and f' according to the frequency response of the attenuator, and performing linear fitting on the attenuation values a (f '), a (f')), (f ', a (f')) to obtain a formula a (f) = k × f + b; the input frequency f is the frequency of a transmitting signal, and the transmitting signal is a signal in a working frequency band sent by a signal source;
s32: the received power Pout of the power meter is read, and the input frequency f, the received power Pout and the output power P of the transmitted signal are formed into a first fitting function P = Pout + (k × f + b).
4. The reverse power protection method of the high power amplifier according to claim 2, wherein: the step of converting the signal power into the direct-current voltage signal in the S2 comprises the following steps:
s41: establishing a first corresponding relation table of input power Pi, forward detection voltage V +, sampling frequency point and output power P;
s42: establishing a second corresponding relation table of input power Pi, reverse detection voltage V-, input frequency f and output power P;
s43: calculating forward detection voltage V + under the input frequency f and the output power P according to the first corresponding relation table;
s44: calculating the deviation ranges of the reverse detection voltage V-H and the forward detection voltage during the standing wave protection under the input frequency f and the output power P according to the second corresponding relation table;
s45: calculating the input power Pi under the input frequency f and the output power P according to the first corresponding relation table;
s46: and when the output power of the power amplifier is P, reading the forward detection voltage and the reverse detection voltage in real time, and if the forward detection voltage read in real time is not in the range of (V + L, V + H) or the reverse detection voltage read in real time is greater than V-H, the FPGA controls to cut off the working current of the power amplifier.
5. The reverse power protection method of the high power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein: comparing the amplified dc voltage signal with a predetermined threshold voltage in S4 further includes adjusting the threshold voltage, thereby controlling a comparison result.
6. The reverse power protection method of the high power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein: comparing the amplified dc voltage signal with a predetermined threshold voltage in S4 comprises the steps of:
s61: the forward power detector detects the forward output power of the power amplifier circuit, and outputs voltage analog quantity to the MCU for sampling and calculating an output power value;
s62: the reverse power detector detects the reverse reflection power of the power amplifier circuit and outputs voltage analog quantity to the MCU for sampling and calculating a reverse power value;
s63: and the reverse power voltage comparison control circuit compares the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU with the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector, and controls the reverse reflection power to be at a required threshold when the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector is higher than the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU.
7. The reverse power protection method of a high power amplifier according to claim 6, wherein: the reverse voltage comparison control circuit includes: and the reverse power voltage comparison control circuit compares the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU with the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector.
8. The reverse power protection method of a high power amplifier according to claim 7, wherein: when the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector is higher than the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU, the step of controlling the reverse reflection power to be at the required threshold comprises the following steps:
s81: and when the voltage analog quantity output by the reverse power detector is higher than the voltage analog quantity output by the MCU, the voltage control PIN diode attenuator is quickly started and controlled, and the reverse reflection power is controlled at a required threshold.
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Inventor after: Zhang Biao Inventor after: Feng Bo Inventor after: Cai Kuanhong Inventor before: Zhang Biao Inventor before: Zhou Erfeng Inventor before: Feng Bo Inventor before: Liu Yonghua |