CN115324702A - Exhaust manifold with flow guide module and parameter determination method thereof - Google Patents
Exhaust manifold with flow guide module and parameter determination method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115324702A CN115324702A CN202211261211.1A CN202211261211A CN115324702A CN 115324702 A CN115324702 A CN 115324702A CN 202211261211 A CN202211261211 A CN 202211261211A CN 115324702 A CN115324702 A CN 115324702A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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Abstract
The invention provides an exhaust manifold provided with a flow guide module and a parameter determination method thereof, wherein the exhaust manifold comprises an intersection region formed by communicating a first exhaust manifold and a second exhaust manifold, the flow guide module is arranged in the intersection region and is arranged from the starting end to the tail end, the flow guide module comprises an intersection section and a separation section which are sequentially connected, the intersection section is connected with the wall of an exhaust pipe of the intersection region so as to divide the intersection region at the intersection section into a first region and a second region, and the first region is communicated with the first exhaust manifold; the second region is in communication with the second exhaust manifold, and a gap is provided between the separating section and the exhaust pipe wall of the junction region to communicate the first region and the second region. Through the structure, the airflows output by the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold are not mixed when passing through the intersecting section, but are mixed in the subsequent separating section, the exhaust gas mixing position in the exhaust manifold is pushed back, the influence of airflow disturbance generated in the exhaust gas mixing process in the exhaust manifold on the exhaust process is reduced, and the exhaust back pressure is prevented from rising.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engine exhaust, in particular to an exhaust manifold with a flow guide module and a parameter determination method thereof.
Background
The existing engine exhaust pipe is of an equidistant structure, and the center line of an inlet flange of the exhaust pipe is overlapped with the center line of a corresponding cylinder, so that the existing exhaust main pipe is longer in whole, the thermal deformation is large, the thermal stress is high, and the problem of thermal cracking of the exhaust pipe is easy to occur.
In order to solve the problem, a multi-cylinder common-flange exhaust system is provided, and the exhaust system adopts a non-equidistant exhaust pipe structure, wherein every two adjacent cylinders are in a group and share one exhaust flange.
Because two adjacent cylinders share the same flange structure, exhaust manifolds of each cylinder in the exhaust system must meet at a position close to the position of the exhaust valve. In the structure, the exhaust manifold has large curvature and short length, and the air flow disturbance generated in the exhaust manifold mixing process in the multi-cylinder common-flange exhaust system influences the exhaust process, so that the exhaust back pressure is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides an exhaust manifold configured with a diversion module and a method for determining parameters thereof, so as to solve the problem of exhaust back pressure increase in an exhaust process of a multi-cylinder common-flange exhaust system.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an exhaust manifold provided with a flow guide module is applied to an exhaust system with multiple cylinders and a common flange, the exhaust manifold in the exhaust system comprises a junction area formed by a first exhaust manifold and a second exhaust manifold which are communicated, and the flow guide module is arranged in the junction area;
the starting end of the flow guide module is arranged at the intersection of the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold and is tangent to the first exhaust manifold, and the tail end of the flow guide module extends from the intersection to the direction close to the flange;
the flow guide module comprises an intersecting section and a separating section which are sequentially connected in the direction from the starting end to the tail end of the flow guide module;
the intersection section of the flow guide module is connected with the exhaust pipe wall of the intersection area so as to divide the intersection area at the intersection section into a first area and a second area, and the first area is communicated with the first exhaust manifold; the second region is in communication with the second exhaust manifold;
and a gap for communicating the first area and the second area is arranged between the separation section of the flow guide module and the exhaust pipe wall of the intersection area, so that the air flows output by the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold are mixed in the separation section after passing through the intersection section.
Optionally, the width of the separation section decreases linearly from the intersection section to the flange.
Optionally, the flow guide module comprises a start section, a middle section and a tail section from the start end to the tail end of the flow guide module; the radius of curvature of the initial segment is less than the radius of curvature of the intermediate segment; the tail section of the flow guide module is of a plane structure and is parallel to the axis of the pipe section, close to one end of the flange, of the intersection area.
Optionally, the connection positions of the starting section, the middle section and the tail section are all tangent.
Optionally, the sum of the longitudinal length of the starting section and the longitudinal length of the middle section is equal to the difference between the longitudinal distance from the upper end of the exhaust valve to the flange and the length of the parallel sections of the exhaust pipe walls on two sides of the exhaust manifold.
Optionally, the length of the tail section is less than the length of the parallel sections of the exhaust pipe walls on both sides of the exhaust manifold.
Optionally, the radius of curvature of the starting section and the radius of curvature of the intermediate section are both larger than the radius of curvature of the exhaust valve and the radius of curvature of the parallel section tangent of the second exhaust manifold to the exhaust pipe wall.
Optionally, a transverse distance between the tail section of the diversion module and the exhaust pipe wall on the second exhaust manifold side ranges from 1/2L to 5/8L, where L is a transverse length of the exhaust pipe at the intersection of the exhaust manifolds.
Optionally, the longitudinal length of the separation section of the flow guide module is smaller than the longitudinal length of the flow guide module.
A parameter determination method for an exhaust manifold with a diversion module is applied to the exhaust manifold with the diversion module, and comprises the following steps:
obtaining the design parameters of the flow guide module and the parameter value range of the design parameters;
constructing at least one three-dimensional simulation model of the exhaust system based on the parameter value range of the design parameter;
performing flow calculation on the three-dimensional simulation model to obtain a change curve, and calculating a loss value corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model based on the change curve; the change curve is a change curve of flow and pressure; the loss value comprises pumping loss and exhaust pulse energy loss;
selecting an optimal parameter value of the design parameter from a parameter value range of the design parameter at least based on a loss value corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model;
and verifying the optimal parameter value of the design parameter, and outputting the optimal parameter value of the design parameter after the verification is passed so as to set the structure of the flow guide module in the exhaust manifold based on the optimal parameter value of the design parameter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an exhaust manifold provided with a flow guide module and a parameter determination method thereof, wherein the exhaust manifold in an exhaust system comprises an intersection region formed by communicating a first exhaust manifold and a second exhaust manifold, the flow guide module is arranged in the intersection region, the starting end of the flow guide module is arranged at the intersection of the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold and is tangent to the first exhaust manifold, the tail end of the flow guide module extends from the intersection to the direction close to a flange and extends from the starting end to the tail end of the flow guide module, the flow guide module comprises an intersection section and a separation section which are sequentially connected, the intersection section of the flow guide module is connected with the wall of an exhaust pipe in the intersection region so as to divide the intersection section at the intersection section into a first region and a second region, and the first region is communicated with the first exhaust manifold; the second area is communicated with the second exhaust manifold, and a gap communicated with the first area and the second area is formed between the separation section of the flow guide module and the exhaust pipe wall of the intersection area. Through the structure, the airflows output by the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold are not mixed when passing through the intersecting section, but are mixed in the subsequent separating section, the exhaust gas mixing position in the exhaust manifold is pushed back, the influence of airflow disturbance generated in the exhaust gas mixing process in the exhaust manifold on the exhaust process is reduced, and therefore exhaust back pressure is prevented from rising.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an exhaust manifold with a flow directing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of an exhaust manifold configured with a flow directing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for determining parameters of an exhaust manifold configured with a flow directing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for constructing a three-dimensional simulation model of an exhaust system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for verifying optimal parameter values of design parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a parameter determining apparatus of an exhaust manifold configured with a flow guide module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art will now explain the terms used in the present invention.
Pumping loss: during the whole air intake and exhaust process of the engine, the fresh air and the exhaust gas do net work on the piston.
Exhaust pulse energy: the cylinders of the engine periodically exhaust gas, and the energy carried by the exhaust gas is the energy of the exhaust pulse.
An exhaust manifold: and the exhaust gas collecting device is connected with the engine cylinder, and is used for collecting the exhaust gas discharged by each cylinder and then guiding the exhaust gas into an exhaust manifold. For a four-valve engine, there are two exhaust valves and two exhaust manifolds per cylinder.
Multiple cylinders share a flange: exhaust pipes after exhaust manifolds of the cylinders are converged need to be fixed by a flange structure, and the multi-cylinder common-flange exhaust system means that the exhaust pipes of two adjacent cylinders share one flange structure.
The exhaust gas of the turbocharged engine is exhausted from the cylinder through an exhaust valve and enters an exhaust manifold through an exhaust manifold. Existing engines have a separate flange structure for each cylinder. The engine exhaust pipe is of an equidistant structure, the central line of an inlet flange of the exhaust pipe is overlapped with the central line of a corresponding cylinder, the exhaust manifold is almost free of curvature and long in distance, and waste gas in the manifold is mixed at a position far away from the exhaust valve, so that the existing exhaust main pipe is long in whole, large in thermal deformation, high in thermal stress and prone to exhaust pipe hot cracking.
In order to solve the problem, the exhaust system with the multiple cylinders and the flange is provided, the exhaust system adopts a non-equidistant exhaust pipe structure, every two adjacent cylinders in the exhaust pipe structure form a group, the two adjacent cylinders share one exhaust flange, and the exhaust manifold is large in bending degree and short in length.
Because two adjacent cylinders share the same flange structure, exhaust manifolds of each cylinder in the exhaust system must meet at a position close to the position of the exhaust valve. In the structure, the exhaust manifold has large curvature and short length, and the air flow disturbance generated in the exhaust manifold mixing process in the multi-cylinder common-flange exhaust system influences the exhaust process, so that the exhaust back pressure is increased. In addition, the pumping loss and the fuel consumption are increased.
In order to solve the problem, referring to fig. 1, an exhaust system with multiple cylinders and a flange is improved, and a flow guide module 11 is added in an exhaust manifold, so that the length of the manifold is changed and extended, the exhaust gas mixing position is pushed back, the influence of airflow disturbance generated in the exhaust gas mixing process in the exhaust manifold on the exhaust process is reduced, and the exhaust back pressure is prevented from rising. In addition, the invention can guide the flow direction of the waste gas, reduce the pumping loss and the exhaust pulse energy loss in the mixing process and improve the performance of the engine.
More specifically, the invention provides an exhaust manifold equipped with a flow guide module and a parameter determination method thereof, wherein the exhaust manifold in the exhaust system comprises an intersection region formed by a first exhaust manifold and a second exhaust manifold which are communicated, the flow guide module is arranged in the intersection region, the starting end of the flow guide module is arranged at the intersection of the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold and is tangent to the first exhaust manifold, the tail end of the flow guide module extends from the intersection to the direction close to a flange and extends from the starting end to the tail end of the flow guide module, the flow guide module comprises an intersection section and a separation section which are sequentially connected, the intersection section of the flow guide module is connected with the wall of the exhaust pipe of the intersection region so as to divide the intersection region into a first region and a second region, and the first region is communicated with the first exhaust manifold; the second area is communicated with the second exhaust manifold, and a gap communicated with the first area and the second area is formed between the separation section of the flow guide module and the exhaust pipe wall of the intersection area. Through the structure, the airflows output by the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold are not mixed when passing through the intersecting section, but are mixed in the subsequent separating section, the exhaust gas mixing position in the exhaust manifold is pushed back, the influence of airflow disturbance generated in the exhaust gas mixing process in the exhaust manifold on the exhaust process is reduced, and therefore exhaust back pressure is prevented from rising.
Based on the above, an embodiment of the present invention provides an exhaust manifold with a flow guiding module, which is applied to an exhaust system with multiple cylinders and a common flange. Referring to fig. 1, an exhaust manifold in the exhaust system includes a junction area C formed by a first exhaust manifold 12 and a second exhaust manifold 13, and the flow guide module 11 is disposed in the junction area C.
Through set up water conservancy diversion module 11 in exhaust manifold's intersection district C, can become the length that extends exhaust manifold mutually, push away the back with manifold exhaust gas mixing position, avoid the influence of exhaust gas mixing process to exhaust process. The flow guide module 11 can further guide the flow direction and the flow mixing process of the air flow, thereby reducing the energy loss of the exhaust pulse and improving the energy of the exhaust gas in front of the turbine. The trend design of the flow guide module 11 can balance the curvature and length difference of two exhaust manifolds of the same cylinder, and the consistency of the gas state in the manifolds is improved.
Generally, the design space outside the manifold is small. In order to reduce the negative influence of exhaust manifold modification on the performance of the engine, the internal structure of the manifold is designed. The performance of the engine is improved by optimally designing the inside of the engine on the premise of keeping the external form unchanged and meeting the overall requirement of an exhaust system.
Specifically, the starting end a of the diversion module 11 is disposed at the intersection of the first exhaust manifold 12 and the second exhaust manifold 13, and is tangent to the first exhaust manifold 12, and the tail end B of the diversion module 11 extends from the intersection to the direction close to the flange. Wherein a flange is attached to the end of the exhaust pipe wall.
From the starting end a to the tail end B direction of the flow guide module 11, the flow guide module 11 includes an intersecting section and a separating section which are connected in sequence.
In detail, the division of the flow guiding module 11 into an intersection section and a separation section is based on whether the flow guiding module 11 is connected to the exhaust duct wall 14 of the intersection region C. The intersecting segment is connected to the exhaust wall 14 and the separating segment is not connected to the exhaust wall 14. The intersecting section is closer to the first exhaust manifold 12 and the second exhaust manifold 13, and the separating section is farther from the first exhaust manifold 12 and the second exhaust manifold 13.
The intersection section of the diversion module 11 is connected with the exhaust pipe wall 14 of the intersection region C to divide the intersection region at the intersection section into a first region and a second region, and the first region is communicated with the first exhaust manifold 12; the second region communicates with the second exhaust manifold 13.
In practice, the flow from the first exhaust manifold 12 passes through a first region and the flow from the second exhaust manifold 13 passes through a second region, where the flows do not mix.
A gap communicating the first region and the second region is formed between the separation section of the flow guide module 11 and the exhaust pipe wall 14 of the intersection region C, so that the airflows output by the first exhaust manifold 12 and the second exhaust manifold 13 are mixed in the separation section after passing through the intersection section.
Specifically, the separating section is not connected to the exhaust wall 14 of the junction region C, but rather is provided with a gap such that the flow from the first exhaust manifold 12 passes through the first region and the flow from the second exhaust manifold 13 passes through the second region before mixing in the gap of the separating section.
In this embodiment, the airflows output by the first exhaust manifold 12 and the second exhaust manifold 13 pass through the intersecting section (not mixed in the intersecting section) and then pass through the separating section, and because a gap is formed between the separating section and the exhaust pipe wall 14, the airflows output by the two exhaust manifolds can be mixed in the separating section, and then the mixing position of the exhaust gas of the manifolds is pushed back.
In practical application, referring to fig. 2, the structure of the separating section of the flow guiding module is shown in dotted line in fig. 2, and the left side of the separating section is an intersecting section, which is connected to the exhaust pipe wall 14, in order to improve the mixing effect. L1 is the longitudinal length of the portion of the flow guide module 11 that does not intersect the exhaust pipe wall 14, i.e. the longitudinal length of the separate sections of the flow guide module 11. As can be seen from fig. 2, the width of the separation section may vary linearly. In particular, the width of the separation section decreases linearly from the intersection section in the direction of the flange, which enables more and more air flows to be mixed at the trailing end B.
In the above embodiment, the division into the intersection section and the separation section is based on whether the flow guide module 11 is connected to the exhaust pipe wall 14 of the intersection region C. Referring to fig. 1, the flow guide module 11 may be divided into a start section, an intermediate section, and an end section according to the difference in curvature.
Specifically, the flow guide module 11 includes a start section, a middle section, and a tail section from a start end a to a tail end B of the flow guide module 11. The connection positions of the starting section, the middle section and the tail section are all tangent. The starting section is tangential because the curvature of the first exhaust manifold 12 is significantly smaller than that of the second exhaust manifold 13 in both exhaust manifolds of the same cylinder, so the starting section of the flow guide module 11 is arranged tangential to the first exhaust manifold 12.
The radius of curvature r1 of the starting section is smaller than the radius of curvature r2 of the intermediate section; the tail section of the flow guide module 11 is of a plane structure and is parallel to the axis of the pipe section of the intersection area C close to one end of the flange.
To better describe the structure of the exhaust manifold, the exhaust manifold structure parameters of the flow guide module are configured as follows:
d1: the longitudinal distance from the upper end of the exhaust valve to the flange;
d2: the length of the parallel section of the exhaust pipe wall on two sides of the exhaust manifold;
r1: the radius of curvature of the exhaust valve;
r2: a radius of curvature of a portion of the second exhaust manifold tangent to the parallel section of the exhaust pipe wall;
l: the lateral length of the exhaust pipe at the intersection of the exhaust manifolds;
w1: the transverse distance between the tail section of the flow guide module and the side exhaust pipe wall of the second exhaust manifold;
d1: the longitudinal length of the start section;
r1: the radius of curvature of the starting section;
d2: the longitudinal length of the middle section;
r2: the radius of curvature of the mid-section;
d3: the length of the tail section;
l1: the longitudinal length of the portion of the flow guide module that does not intersect the exhaust pipe wall, i.e. the longitudinal length of the separation section of the flow guide module.
Wherein, R1, R2, D1, D2, L are structure fixed parameters, also called designated structure parameters, D1, R1, D2, R2, D3, W1, L1 are design parameters of the diversion module. d1, r1, d2 and r2 determine the trend of the diversion module, and L1 determines the starting point of exhaust gas mixing in the exhaust manifold.
In practical application, the design purpose of the diversion module is to push the exhaust manifold exhaust gas mixing position back and reduce the exhaust pulse energy loss of the mixing process. The longitudinal length of the flow guide module does not need to be too long, and the trend of the flow guide module is in accordance with the total flow direction of the air flow in the manifold. Meanwhile, the design of the flow guide module considers the condition that the consistency of the airflow state in the two manifolds is poor because the bending degree of the second exhaust manifold is obviously higher than that of the first exhaust manifold. Therefore, the value range of the parameter values of the design parameters configuring the diversion module is as follows:
the sum of the lengths of D1 and D2 is equal to the difference between the lengths of D1 and D2; d3 is less than D2; the values of R1 and R2 are respectively greater than those of R1 and R2; w1 ranges from 1/2L to 5/8L; l1 is less than the sum of the longitudinal lengths d1, d2 and d3 of the flow guide modules.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, a portion where the flow guide module does not intersect with the exhaust pipe wall is linearly changed, and a change rule of the portion may also be designed. In this embodiment, the diversion module is divided into 3 segments, and the initial segment and the middle segment are circular arcs with invariable curvature radius. It is also possible to have a multi-segment design, where the curvature of each segment can vary.
In this embodiment, an exhaust manifold in the exhaust system includes an intersection region formed by a first exhaust manifold and a second exhaust manifold, the flow guide module is disposed in the intersection region, a start end of the flow guide module is disposed at an intersection of the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold and tangent to the first exhaust manifold, a tail end of the flow guide module extends from the intersection in a direction close to the flange, and the flow guide module includes an intersecting section and a separating section that are sequentially connected in a direction from the start end to the tail end of the flow guide module, the intersecting section of the flow guide module is connected to an exhaust pipe wall of the intersection region to divide the intersection section into a first region and a second region, and the first region is communicated with the first exhaust manifold; the second area is communicated with the second exhaust manifold, and a gap communicated with the first area and the second area is formed between the separation section of the flow guide module and the exhaust pipe wall of the intersection area. Through the structure, the airflows output by the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold are not mixed when passing through the intersecting section, but are mixed in the subsequent separating section, the exhaust gas mixing position in the exhaust manifold is pushed back, the influence of airflow disturbance generated in the exhaust gas mixing process in the exhaust manifold on the exhaust process is reduced, and therefore exhaust back pressure is prevented from rising.
On the basis of the embodiment of the exhaust manifold with the diversion module, the invention further provides a multi-cylinder common-flange exhaust system which comprises the exhaust manifold with the diversion module.
On the basis of the embodiment of the multi-cylinder common-flange exhaust system, the invention provides a vehicle applying the multi-cylinder common-flange exhaust system. The vehicle may be a vehicle.
On the basis of the embodiment of configuring the exhaust manifold of the flow guide module, another embodiment of the present invention provides a parameter determining method for configuring the exhaust manifold of the flow guide module, which is applied to the exhaust manifold of the flow guide module. Referring to fig. 3, may include:
s11, obtaining the design parameters of the flow guide module and the parameter value range of the design parameters.
In practical application, the exhaust system is applied to a multi-cylinder common flange exhaust system. The design method is provided with specified structural parameters and design parameters of the flow guide module.
The specified structural parameters are R1, R2, D1, D2, and L, and the design parameters are D1, R1, D2, R2, D3, W1, and L1, which are mainly used to determine specific values of the design parameters.
And S12, constructing at least one three-dimensional simulation model of the exhaust system based on the parameter value range of the design parameters.
In practical application, when a three-dimensional simulation model of an exhaust system is constructed, sample points of the exhaust system are required, the sample points comprise parameter values of the design parameters and parameter values of specified structural parameters in the exhaust system, and then the three-dimensional simulation model is constructed based on the sample points.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, step S12 may include:
and S21, determining at least one sample point of the exhaust system based on the parameter value range of the design parameter.
Wherein the sample points include parameter values for the design parameters and parameter values for specified structural parameters in the exhaust system.
The parameter values of the specified structural parameters in the exhaust system are fixed and can be obtained by measurement.
As for the parameter values of the design parameters, the parameter values of a sufficient number of design parameters can be obtained by sampling according to the value ranges of 7 design parameters of the diversion module by using a method including but not limited to latin hypercube.
The parameter values of the design parameters and the parameter values of the designated structural parameters in the exhaust system form sample points, at least one of the parameter values of the 7 design parameters in different sample points is different, but the parameter values of the designated structural parameters in the exhaust system are the same.
And S22, constructing a three-dimensional simulation model corresponding to the sample point.
After a sufficient number of sample points are obtained, a three-dimensional simulation model can be established according to the sample points. And establishing a three-dimensional simulation model by using one sample point, and establishing the number of three-dimensional simulation models by using the number of sample points.
And S23, setting boundary conditions of the three-dimensional simulation model according to a thermodynamic boundary obtained by performing one-dimensional performance simulation calculation on the exhaust system.
The boundary condition may be an exhaust gas inlet condition, an exhaust gas outlet condition, or the like.
By setting the boundary conditions of the three-dimensional simulation model in the step, the three-dimensional simulation model configured with the boundary conditions can be obtained.
S13, performing flow calculation on the three-dimensional simulation model to obtain a change curve, and calculating a loss value corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model based on the change curve.
The change curve is a change curve of flow and pressure, and the loss value comprises pumping loss and exhaust pulse energy loss.
In practical application, the pumping loss and the exhaust pulse energy loss are calculated according to the following formulas.
The pumping loss calculation formula is as follows:
exhaust pulse energy loss calculation:
wherein exo is the exhaust valve opening phase, exc is the exhaust valve closing phase,p e1 is the pressure of the exhaust gas in the first exhaust manifold,p e2 is the pressure of the exhaust gas in the second exhaust manifold,p cl in order to press the cylinder, the cylinder is pressed,p d in order to mix the pressure difference of the exhaust gas before and after,nis the rotating speed of the motor, and the rotating speed is the rotating speed,ithe number of the cylinders is the number of the cylinders,Vthe single-cylinder displacement is adopted,θis the angle of rotation of the crankshaft,His the enthalpy.
And S14, selecting the optimal parameter value of the design parameter from the parameter value range of the design parameter at least based on the loss value corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model.
Specifically, in the above steps, a plurality of sample points are determined, and each sample point is configured with a parameter value of the design parameter, from which an optimal parameter value needs to be selected.
In an implementation manner of the present invention, step S14 may include:
1) And constructing a proxy model based on the parameter values of the design parameters in the sample points corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model and the loss values corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model.
Specifically, the parameter value of the design parameter in the sample point corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model is used as an independent variable, the loss value corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model is used as a dependent variable, and the agent model is obtained through training.
Wherein the proxy model may be a mathematical proxy model.
In detail, a sample space is constructed by using sample points and corresponding loss values, and a neural network is trained by using the sample space to obtain a mathematical proxy model which takes design parameters as independent variables and takes pumping loss and exhaust pulse energy loss as dependent variables.
It should be noted that, in addition to the neural network, a mathematical proxy model may be constructed by using a response surface method.
2) And acquiring a weight proportion of the pumping loss and the exhaust pulse energy loss, and performing optimization calculation on the proxy model based on a loss value corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model and the weight proportion so as to select an optimal parameter value of the design parameter from all parameter values of the design parameter.
In practical application, for the pumping loss and the exhaust pulse energy loss, weights of the pumping loss and the exhaust pulse energy loss are evaluated according to actual working condition requirements, and then weight proportion is determined.
After the weight proportion is obtained, the weight proportion and the loss value are used for carrying out optimization calculation on the proxy model, and a Pareto curve can be obtained, wherein the optimal parameter values of 7 design parameters can be displayed in the Pareto curve. The optimum parameter value for a design parameter is selected from all parameter values of the design parameter.
S15, verifying the optimal parameter value of the design parameter, and outputting the optimal parameter value of the design parameter after the verification is passed so as to set the structure of the flow guide module in the exhaust manifold based on the optimal parameter value of the design parameter.
Specifically, after the optimal parameter value of the design parameter is obtained through the above steps, in order to ensure reliability, the optimal parameter value of the design parameter needs to be verified, if the optimal parameter value of the design parameter passes the verification, the optimal parameter value of the design parameter is determined to be reliable, at this time, the optimal parameter value of the design parameter may be output, the structure of the flow guide module in the exhaust manifold is set based on the optimal parameter value of the design parameter, and the flow guide module is installed in the exhaust manifold.
If the verification fails, the sample points can be adjusted, the agent model is retrained, and the optimal parameter values of the design parameters are determined again until the verification passes.
In one implementation of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, step S15 may include:
and S31, constructing a to-be-verified three-dimensional simulation model corresponding to the optimal parameter value of the design parameter.
Specifically, the process of constructing the three-dimensional simulation model to be verified is similar to the process of constructing the three-dimensional simulation model, please refer to the corresponding steps.
And S32, calculating a loss value to be verified corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model to be verified.
Specifically, the process of calculating the loss value to be verified is similar to the process of calculating the loss value, please refer to the corresponding steps above.
And the loss value to be verified comprises pumping loss and exhaust pulse energy loss.
And S33, obtaining the optimal parameter value based on the agent model and the design parameter, and calculating the obtained reference loss value.
Specifically, the optimal parameter value of the design parameter may be input into the proxy model, so as to calculate the reference loss value.
The reference loss value comprises pumping loss and exhaust pulse energy loss.
S34, judging whether the deviation between the loss value to be verified and the reference loss value is not greater than a preset deviation value; if yes, go to step S35; if not, go to step S36.
And S35, passing the verification.
And S36, failing to pass the verification.
Specifically, when judging whether the deviation between the loss value to be verified and the reference loss value is not greater than a preset deviation value, the deviation is calculated for the pumping loss and the exhaust pulse energy loss respectively.
Specifically, the deviation of the pumping loss in the loss value to be verified from the pumping loss in the reference loss value and the deviation of the exhaust pulse energy loss in the loss value to be verified from the exhaust pulse energy loss in the reference loss value are calculated.
If the two deviations are not larger than the preset deviation value, the verification is passed. If at least one deviation is greater than 3%, the verification fails.
In this embodiment, a flow guide module is disposed inside the exhaust manifold, and an optimal parameter value of a design parameter of the flow guide module is determined, so that a structure of the flow guide module in the exhaust manifold can be set based on the optimal parameter value of the design parameter. According to the invention, the diversion module is arranged in the exhaust manifold, so that the influence of airflow disturbance generated in the exhaust manifold in the exhaust mixing process on the exhaust process can be reduced after the exhaust mixing position in the exhaust manifold is pushed, and the exhaust back pressure is prevented from rising. In addition, the pumping loss and the exhaust pulse energy loss can be reduced through the invention.
Alternatively, on the basis of the above-mentioned method for determining parameters of an exhaust manifold equipped with a flow guide module, another embodiment of the present invention provides a device for determining parameters of an exhaust manifold equipped with a flow guide module, and referring to fig. 6, the device for determining parameters of an exhaust manifold equipped with a flow guide module comprises:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the design parameters of the flow guide module and the parameter value range of the design parameters;
the model building module is used for building at least one three-dimensional simulation model of the exhaust system based on the parameter value range of the design parameters;
the loss calculation module is used for performing flow calculation on the three-dimensional simulation model to obtain a change curve, and calculating a loss value corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model based on the change curve; the change curve is a change curve of flow and pressure; the loss value comprises pumping loss and exhaust pulse energy loss;
the parameter selection module is used for selecting the optimal parameter value of the design parameter from the parameter value range of the design parameter at least based on the loss value corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model;
and the parameter verification module is used for verifying the optimal parameter value of the design parameter and outputting the optimal parameter value of the design parameter after the verification is passed so as to set the structure of the flow guide module in the exhaust manifold based on the optimal parameter value of the design parameter.
Further, the model building module comprises:
the sample point determining submodule is used for determining at least one sample point of the exhaust system based on the parameter value range of the design parameter; the sample points include parameter values for the design parameters and parameter values for specified structural parameters in the exhaust system;
the model construction submodule is used for constructing a three-dimensional simulation model corresponding to the sample point;
and the condition setting submodule is used for setting the boundary condition of the three-dimensional simulation model according to the thermodynamic boundary obtained by performing one-dimensional performance simulation calculation on the exhaust system.
Further, the parameter selection module comprises:
the model generation submodule is used for constructing a proxy model based on the parameter values of the design parameters in the sample points corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model and the loss values corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model;
and the parameter selection submodule is used for acquiring the weight proportion of the pumping loss and the exhaust pulse energy loss, and performing optimization calculation on the proxy model based on the loss value corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model and the weight proportion so as to select the optimal parameter value of the design parameter from all the parameter values of the design parameter.
Further, the model generation submodule is specifically configured to:
and training to obtain the agent model by taking the parameter value of the design parameter in the sample point corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model as an independent variable and taking the loss value corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model as a dependent variable.
Further, the parameter verification module includes:
the model establishing submodule is used for establishing a to-be-verified three-dimensional simulation model corresponding to the optimal parameter value of the design parameter;
the first loss determining submodule is used for calculating a to-be-verified loss value corresponding to the to-be-verified three-dimensional simulation model;
the second loss determining submodule is used for obtaining an optimal parameter value based on the agent model and the design parameters and calculating a reference loss value;
the verification module is used for passing verification under the condition that the deviation between the loss value to be verified and the reference loss value is not larger than a preset deviation value; and under the condition that the deviation between the loss value to be verified and the reference loss value is larger than a preset deviation value, the verification is not passed.
In this embodiment, a flow guide module is disposed inside the exhaust manifold, and an optimal parameter value of a design parameter of the flow guide module is determined, so that a structure of the flow guide module in the exhaust manifold can be set based on the optimal parameter value of the design parameter. According to the invention, the diversion module is arranged in the exhaust manifold, so that the influence of airflow disturbance generated in the exhaust manifold in the exhaust mixing process on the exhaust process can be reduced after the exhaust mixing position in the exhaust manifold is pushed, and the exhaust back pressure is prevented from rising. In addition, the pumping loss and the exhaust pulse energy loss can be reduced through the invention.
It should be noted that, please refer to the corresponding description in the above embodiment for the working process of each module and sub-module in this embodiment, which is not described herein again.
Optionally, on the basis of the method and the device for determining the parameter of the exhaust manifold configured with the flow guide module, another embodiment of the invention provides an electronic device, which includes: a memory and a processor;
wherein the memory is used for storing programs;
the processor calls a program and is used to execute a method for determining a parameter of an exhaust manifold configuring a flow directing module as described above.
In this embodiment, a flow guide module is disposed inside the exhaust manifold, and an optimal parameter value of a design parameter of the flow guide module is determined, so that a structure of the flow guide module in the exhaust manifold can be set based on the optimal parameter value of the design parameter. According to the invention, the diversion module is arranged in the exhaust manifold, so that the influence of airflow disturbance generated in the exhaust manifold in the exhaust mixing process on the exhaust process can be reduced after the exhaust mixing position in the exhaust manifold is pushed, and the exhaust back pressure is prevented from rising. In addition, the pumping loss and the exhaust pulse energy loss can be reduced through the invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The exhaust manifold is characterized by being applied to an exhaust system with multiple cylinders sharing a flange, wherein the exhaust manifold in the exhaust system comprises an intersection area formed by communicating a first exhaust manifold and a second exhaust manifold, and the diversion module is arranged in the intersection area;
the starting end of the flow guide module is arranged at the intersection of the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold and is tangent to the first exhaust manifold, and the tail end of the flow guide module extends from the intersection to the direction close to the flange;
the flow guide module comprises an intersecting section and a separating section which are sequentially connected from the starting end to the tail end of the flow guide module;
the intersection section of the flow guide module is connected with the exhaust pipe wall of the intersection area so as to divide the intersection area at the intersection section into a first area and a second area, and the first area is communicated with the first exhaust manifold; the second region is in communication with the second exhaust manifold;
and a gap for communicating the first area and the second area is arranged between the separation section of the flow guide module and the exhaust pipe wall of the intersection area, so that the air flows output by the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold are mixed in the separation section after passing through the intersection section.
2. The exhaust manifold according to claim 1 wherein the width of the separator section decreases linearly in a direction from the intersection section to the flange.
3. The exhaust manifold of claim 1, wherein the flow directing module comprises a beginning section, an intermediate section, and an end section in a direction from the beginning end to the end of the flow directing module; the radius of curvature of the starting section is smaller than the radius of curvature of the intermediate section; the tail section of the flow guide module is of a plane structure and is parallel to the axis of the pipe section, close to one end of the flange, of the intersection area.
4. The exhaust manifold of claim 3, wherein the starting section, the middle section, and the ending section are all connected tangentially.
5. An exhaust manifold according to claim 3, characterized in that the sum of the longitudinal length of the starting section and the longitudinal length of the intermediate section is equal to the difference between the longitudinal distance of the upper end of the exhaust valve from the flange and the length of the parallel sections of the exhaust pipe walls on both sides of the exhaust manifold.
6. An exhaust manifold according to claim 3 wherein the length of the tail section is less than the length of the parallel sections of the exhaust pipe walls on either side of the exhaust manifold.
7. An exhaust manifold according to claim 3 wherein the radius of curvature of the starting section and the radius of curvature of the intermediate section are both greater than the radius of curvature of the exhaust valve and the radius of curvature of the section of the second exhaust manifold tangential to the parallel section of the exhaust pipe wall.
8. The exhaust manifold of claim 3, wherein a lateral distance between the tail section of the flow directing module and the second exhaust manifold side exhaust pipe wall ranges from 1/2L to 5/8L, where L is a lateral length of the exhaust pipe at the exhaust manifold junction.
9. The exhaust manifold of claim 1, wherein the separation section of the flow guide module has a longitudinal length less than a longitudinal length of the flow guide module.
10. A parameter determination method of an exhaust manifold equipped with a flow guide module, which is applied to the exhaust manifold equipped with a flow guide module according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the parameter determination method comprising:
obtaining the design parameters of the flow guide module and the parameter value range of the design parameters;
constructing at least one three-dimensional simulation model of the exhaust system based on the parameter value range of the design parameter;
performing flow calculation on the three-dimensional simulation model to obtain a change curve, and calculating a loss value corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model based on the change curve; the change curve is a change curve of flow and pressure; the loss value comprises pumping loss and exhaust pulse energy loss;
selecting an optimal parameter value of the design parameter from a parameter value range of the design parameter at least based on a loss value corresponding to the three-dimensional simulation model;
and verifying the optimal parameter value of the design parameter, and outputting the optimal parameter value of the design parameter after the verification is passed so as to set the structure of the flow guide module in the exhaust manifold based on the optimal parameter value of the design parameter.
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