CN115320564A

CN115320564A - Electronic mechanical brake caliper for automobile, brake system and automobile

Info

Publication number: CN115320564A
Application number: CN202211052580.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑祖雄; 刘磊; 邹佳航
Original assignee: Chongqing Changan Automobile Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Changan Automobile Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-31
Filing date: 2022-08-31
Publication date: 2022-11-11

Abstract

The invention relates to an automobile electronic mechanical brake caliper, a brake system and an automobile, wherein the automobile electronic mechanical brake caliper comprises a shell, a brake disc, a brake pad and an actuating assembly, the actuating assembly comprises a conversion mechanism, a speed reducing mechanism, at least two motors and at least two chain transmission mechanisms, power output ends of the at least two motors are respectively in transmission connection with power input ends of the speed reducing mechanism through the at least two chain transmission mechanisms, the power output end of the speed reducing mechanism is in transmission connection with the power input end of the conversion mechanism, the conversion mechanism can convert rotary motion of the power input end of the speed reducing mechanism into linear motion of the power output end of the speed reducing mechanism, and the power output end of the conversion mechanism does the linear motion and can drive the brake pad to tightly abut against the brake disc. The braking system comprises an electromechanical brake caliper for an automobile. The vehicle includes a braking system. The invention can improve the reliability and response speed of the electromechanical brake caliper and reduce or eliminate the problem of dragging force generated by arranging two motors on the actuating assembly.

Description

Electronic mechanical brake caliper for automobile, brake system and automobile

Technical Field

The invention relates to an automobile, in particular to an electronic mechanical brake caliper for an automobile, a brake system and an automobile.

Background

Today, people pursue the dynamic property and the comfort of automobiles, and meanwhile, the attention degree of automobile safety is higher and higher. The braking performance of the automobile is particularly important, because the braking performance of the automobile is directly related to the safety of life and property, and good braking performance is the basic guarantee of safe driving of the automobile.

The hydraulic brake system widely applied to the existing automobile mainly comprises a brake pedal, a brake master cylinder, a vacuum booster, a hydraulic pipeline, a brake wheel cylinder, a brake and the like. When the automobile is required to be braked, a driver steps on a brake pedal, under the action of a series of mechanical structures and a vacuum booster, oil in a brake master cylinder flows into each wheel cylinder through a brake pipeline at a certain pressure, and finally a disc type or drum type brake is driven to complete braking action, so that the wheels are braked. The hydraulic brake has become a very mature technology after long development, and the existing cars basically adopt a hydraulic brake system.

Although the hydraulic brake system is widely used, the hydraulic brake system has some problems as follows: the hydraulic brake system has more mechanical parts and hydraulic pipelines, the vacuum booster has larger volume, and particularly after the hydraulic brake system integrates the electric control functions of ABS, TCS, ESP and the like, the hydraulic brake system is more complex and has large arrangement and assembly difficulty; the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic braking system needs to be replaced regularly, and the hidden danger of hydraulic oil leakage exists in the using process, so that the environmental pollution is easily caused; for a new energy automobile which is provided with a braking energy recovery system and lacks a power-assisted vacuum source, the use of a hydraulic braking system is limited, and the matching difficulty is high.

Along with the development of science and technology, an electronic mechanical brake system with more compact structure, larger output brake force and more reliable operation is developed. Since the above-mentioned problems, which plague hydraulic brake systems, can be solved for many years, electromechanical brake systems have become one of the trends in the research of brake technology. Compared with the traditional hydraulic braking system, the electronic mechanical braking system takes electric energy as an energy source, the motor drives the brake pad to compress the brake disc to realize the braking function, the energy is transmitted by the electric wire, and the data wire transmits signals. The simple structure and high efficiency of the electromechanical braking system greatly improve the braking safety of the automobile.

In order to ensure the braking safety, the automobile braking system needs a certain redundancy, and the electromechanical braking system can not utilize the redundancy structure of the traditional braking system because the mechanical hydraulic connection between a brake pedal and a brake is cancelled, so that the design of the redundancy of the electromechanical braking system is required to be reconsidered from the structure and the control to ensure the reliability of the electromechanical braking system and further ensure the braking safety. In order to realize more accurate control of the electromechanical brake system, the position of the piston of the brake caliper needs to be monitored with high precision, and the piston position monitoring scheme in the conventional brake system cannot meet the use requirement of the electromechanical brake system.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to propose an electromechanical brake caliper, a brake system and a motor vehicle for a motor vehicle, which alleviate or eliminate at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

The invention relates to an electronic mechanical brake caliper for an automobile, which comprises a shell, a brake disc, a brake pad and an actuating assembly arranged in the shell, wherein the actuating assembly comprises a conversion mechanism, a speed reducing mechanism, at least two motors and at least two chain transmission mechanisms, power output ends of the at least two motors are in transmission connection with power input ends of the speed reducing mechanism through the at least two chain transmission mechanisms respectively, the power output ends of the speed reducing mechanism are in transmission connection with the power input ends of the conversion mechanism, the conversion mechanism can convert the rotary motion of the power input ends into the linear motion of the power output ends of the conversion mechanism, and the power output ends of the conversion mechanism do the linear motion and can drive the brake pad to abut against the brake disc.

Optionally, at least two chain drive all include drive sprocket, driven sprocket and suit the drive sprocket with drive chain on the driven sprocket, at least two drive sprocket respectively with at least two the power take off end transmission of motor is connected, at least two driven sprocket all with reduction gears's power input end transmission is connected.

Optionally, at least two of the chain drives each comprise a tensioning sprocket acting on the drive chain.

Optionally, the actuating assembly further comprises a piston disposed in the housing in a manner capable of moving in a straight line, the piston being disposed between a power output end of the conversion mechanism and the brake pad, the power output end of the conversion mechanism driving the brake pad against the brake disc by pushing the piston.

Optionally, a brake pressure sensor is arranged between the power output end of the conversion mechanism and the piston.

Optionally, a displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the piston is disposed in the housing.

Optionally, two brake pads are disposed on two sides of the brake disc, and two actuating assemblies are disposed in the housing, one of the actuating assemblies being capable of driving one of the brake pads against the brake disc, and the other of the actuating assemblies being capable of driving the other of the brake pads against the brake disc.

Optionally, the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile is a fixed brake caliper.

Optionally, the at least two motors are respectively arranged on the periphery of the conversion mechanism, and the central axes of the at least two motors are parallel to the central axis of the conversion mechanism.

Optionally, the conversion mechanism is a planetary roller screw.

Optionally, the speed reducing mechanism is a planetary gear speed reducing mechanism.

Optionally, at least two of the motors are brushless dc motors.

Optionally, the stator of the brushless dc motor surrounds the periphery of the rotor of the brushless dc motor, the permanent magnet of the brushless dc motor is disposed on the rotor of the brushless dc motor, and the stator of the brushless dc motor is matched with the motor mounting hole on the housing.

Optionally, the housing includes a caliper housing and a reduction box housing fixedly connected to the caliper housing, the conversion mechanism and the at least two electric motors are disposed in the caliper housing, and the at least two chain transmission mechanisms and the reduction mechanism are disposed in the reduction box housing.

Optionally, the reduction gearbox includes a first sub-housing and a second sub-housing that are fixedly connected together in a detachable manner, a first cavity for accommodating at least two chain transmission mechanisms is defined between the first sub-housing and the second sub-housing, and a second cavity for accommodating the reduction mechanism is provided in the second sub-housing.

The brake system according to the present invention includes any one of the above-described electromechanical brake calipers for an automobile.

The automobile comprises the brake system.

The automobile electronic mechanical brake caliper adopts the chain transmission mechanism, the chain transmission mechanism can absorb and relax the shock, and the automobile electronic mechanical brake caliper has the advantages of simple structure, low processing cost, low installation precision requirement, capability of keeping stable transmission ratio output, compact transmission size, strong bearing capacity and higher transmission efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electromechanical brake caliper for an automobile according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a planetary roller screw according to an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a planetary roller screw in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a functional logic diagram of a brake system according to an embodiment;

fig. 6 is an additional function module information table described in the detailed description.

In the figure: 1-a housing; 2, a brake disc; 3, a brake block; 4, a motor; 5-chain transmission mechanism; 6, a transmission shaft; 7-a speed reducing mechanism; 8-planetary roller screw; 9-a piston; 10-a brake controller; 11-a brake pressure sensor; 12-a coil;

101-a caliper housing; 102 — a first sub-housing; 103-a second sub-housing; 104-motor mounting holes; 105-a pilot hole;

401-rotor; 402-a motor shaft;

501, a driving sprocket; 502 — driven sprocket; 503 — a transmission chain; 504-tension sprocket;

701-sun gear; 702-an annulus; 703-planet wheel; 704 — planet carrier;

801-lead screw; 802-roller; 803-nut; 804-roller gear; 805-roller planet carrier.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile comprises a housing 1, a brake disc 2, a brake pad 3, and an actuating assembly disposed in the housing 1, wherein the actuating assembly comprises a conversion mechanism, a speed reduction mechanism 7, two motors 4 and two chain transmission mechanisms 5, power output ends of the two motors 4 are respectively in transmission connection with power input ends of the speed reduction mechanism 7 through the two chain transmission mechanisms 5, the power output end of the speed reduction mechanism 7 is in transmission connection with the power input end of the conversion mechanism, the conversion mechanism can convert the rotary motion of the power input end into the linear motion of the power output end, and the power output end of the conversion mechanism can drive the brake pad 3 to abut against the brake disc 2 as the linear motion.

By adopting the technical scheme, the brake is realized by driving one brake pad 3 by the two motors 4, and the two motors 4 are safe backups for each other, so that the reliability of the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile can be improved, and the braking safety of a braking system can be improved;

the two motors 4 perform speed reduction and torque increase through the same speed reduction mechanism 7, on one hand, the speed reduction and torque increase device has the advantages of simple structure and few parts, and is beneficial to controlling the cost and reducing the failure rate; on the other hand, if each motor 4 is provided with one speed reducing mechanism 7 for speed reduction and torque increase, and then the torque output by the two speed reducing mechanisms 7 is transmitted to the conversion mechanism through the transmission mechanism, because the two motors 4 are difficult to ensure synchronous rotation, the speed reducing mechanism 7 corresponding to the motor 4 which rotates later can block the motor 4 which rotates later from driving the motor 4 which rotates later, a large drag force can be generated, and particularly when the two speed reducing mechanisms 7 adopt the planetary gear speed reducing mechanisms, the large drag force is very easy to generate; therefore, the scheme that each motor 4 is provided with one speed reducing mechanism 7, and the torque output by the two speed reducing mechanisms 7 is transmitted to the converting mechanism through the transmission mechanism is difficult to implement practically and meet the use requirement of a real vehicle; and adopt two motors 4 to carry out the scheme of speed reduction increase square through same reduction gears 7, can alleviate or eliminate actuating assembly and produce the problem of dragging force because of setting up two motors 4, can also alleviate or eliminate the problem that the dragging force appears when realizing safe backup, promoting the redundancy, can satisfy the operation requirement of real car, can the actual application on real car.

The technical scheme adopts the two chain transmission mechanisms 5 to transmit between the two motors 4 and the speed reducing mechanism 7, the chain transmission mechanisms 5 can absorb vibration and relieve impact, the structure is simple, the processing cost is low, the requirement on the installation precision is low, the clamp is suitable for transmission with larger center distance, and the clamp is suitable for the design of a large-size/complex-structure fixed clamp; compared with a belt transmission mechanism, the chain transmission mechanism 5 has no sliding slip, can keep stable transmission ratio output, has compact transmission size, stronger bearing capacity and higher transmission efficiency, and is suitable for being applied to severe environments with complicated working conditions and high temperature of a brake caliper.

In some embodiments, each of the two chain transmission mechanisms 5 includes a driving sprocket 501, a driven sprocket 502 and a transmission chain 503 sleeved on the driving sprocket 501 and the driven sprocket 502, the two driving sprockets 501 are respectively in transmission connection with the power output ends of the two motors 4, and the two driven sprockets 502 are both in transmission connection with the power input end of the speed reduction mechanism 7. In specific implementation, the two driven sprockets 502 can be fixedly connected to a transmission shaft 6, and are connected to the power input end of the speed reducing mechanism 7 through the transmission shaft 6. By adopting the scheme, the device has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in realization, light weight and easiness in arrangement.

In some embodiments, both chain drives 5 comprise a tensioning sprocket 504 acting on the drive chain 503. Through setting up tensioning sprocket 504, can be according to the different elasticity degree of drive chain 503, the automatic adjustment tensile force for the transmission of electronic machinery brake caliper for the car is more reliable and more stable, drive chain 503 warp lax back, and tensioning sprocket 504 can the automatically regulated drive chain 503 tension, and tensioning sprocket 504 makes drive chain 503 move more steadily when the car braking, has better NVH performance table nature, can prevent moreover that drive chain 503 from skidding.

In some embodiments, the actuating assembly further comprises a piston 9 arranged in the housing 1 in such a way as to be able to move along a straight line, the piston 9 being arranged between the power take-off of the conversion mechanism and the brake pad 3, the power take-off of the conversion mechanism driving the brake pad 3 against the brake disc 2 by pushing the piston 9. The root of the piston 9 is arranged corresponding to the power output end of the conversion mechanism, the end of the piston 9 is used for contacting with the brake pad 3, and the power output end of the conversion mechanism drives the brake pad 3 to tightly abut against the brake disc 2 by pushing the piston 9. In particular implementations, the piston 9 may be arranged to be a sliding fit with a guide bore 105 in the caliper housing 101.

In some embodiments, a brake pressure sensor 11 is provided between the power output of the conversion mechanism and the piston 9. The brake pressure sensor 11 can be fixedly connected to the root of the piston 9, and the power output end of the conversion mechanism acts on the brake pressure sensor 11 to generate a brake pressure signal. By arranging the brake pressure sensor 11, the brake force of each electronic mechanical brake caliper for the whole automobile can be monitored in real time, and the closed-loop control and the on-loop monitoring of the automobile brake pressure are realized. By adding the brake pressure sensor 11, the vehicle fault diagnosis/maintenance is facilitated.

In some embodiments, a displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the piston 9 is provided in the housing 1. By arranging the displacement sensors, the positions of the pistons 9 can be monitored in real time, closed-loop control and in-loop monitoring of the push-out displacement of the pistons 9 and the return clearance of the pistons 9 are realized, and the dragging torque of a braking system can be indirectly monitored/controlled. And the vehicle fault diagnosis/maintenance is facilitated by adding the displacement sensor. In a preferred embodiment, the displacement sensor is a differential transformer displacement sensor, the piston 9 forms an iron core of the differential transformer displacement sensor, the coil 12 of the differential transformer displacement sensor is embedded in the hole wall of the guide hole, and the coil of the differential transformer displacement sensor comprises a primary coil and a secondary coil. By adopting the differential transformer displacement sensor, the piston 9 can be used as an iron core, and the space is saved.

In some embodiments, two brake pads 3 are disposed on two sides of the brake disc 2, and two actuating assemblies are disposed in the housing 1, one actuating assembly can drive one brake pad 3 to tightly press against the brake disc 2, and the other actuating assembly can drive the other brake pad 3 to tightly press against the brake disc 2, so as to clamp the brake disc 2 by using the two brake pads 3 to realize braking. Through setting up two brake discs 3 to utilize two actuating components to act on two brake discs 3 respectively, on the one hand, can promote the braking force of electronic mechanical brake pincers for the car, promote the braking performance of electronic mechanical brake pincers for the car, on the other hand, two actuating components are each other safe backup, can promote the reliability of electronic mechanical brake pincers for the car, can improve braking system's braking security. In a specific embodiment, the two brake pads 3 are disposed on the side closer to the vehicle exterior and the side closer to the vehicle interior with respect to the brake disc 2, respectively, and the two actuating units are disposed on the side closer to the vehicle exterior and the side closer to the vehicle interior with respect to the brake disc 2, respectively.

In some embodiments, the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile is a fixed type brake caliper and can be used as a service brake caliper. When the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile is a fixed brake caliper, the outer shell 1 is fixedly connected with an automobile body, two brake pads 3 are respectively arranged on two sides of the brake disc 2, two actuating assemblies are arranged in the outer shell 1, one actuating assembly can drive one brake pad 3 to tightly abut against the brake disc 2, the other actuating assembly can drive the other brake pad 3 to tightly abut against the brake disc 2, and the two brake pads 3 are utilized to clamp the brake disc 2 to realize braking. The fixed brake caliper has the advantage of good braking performance.

In some embodiments, the two motors 4 of each actuating assembly are respectively arranged on the periphery of the switching mechanism, and the central axes of the two motors 4 are parallel to the central axis of the switching mechanism. Through the position of reasonable setting motor 4, can reduce the volume of electronic machinery brake pincers for the car, reduce chain drive 5 and reduction gears 7 arrange the degree of difficulty. Obviously, in other embodiments, the number of the motors 4 may be set according to actual requirements.

In some embodiments, the conversion mechanism is a planetary roller screw 8. The planetary roller screw 8 can convert a rotational motion into a linear motion, as a specific example, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the planetary roller screw 8 includes a screw 801, a nut 803, and a plurality of rollers 802, the plurality of rollers 802 are respectively in threaded engagement with the screw 801 and the nut 803, and both ends of the rollers 802 are provided with roller gears 804, an inner circular surface of the nut 803 is provided with an inner gear ring 702 engaged with each roller gear 804 or an outer circular surface of the screw 801 is provided with an outer gear ring engaged with each roller gear 804, the nut 803 is in sliding engagement with the guide hole 105 in the housing 1 and is circumferentially fixed, the screw 801 is connected with and synchronously rotates with the power output end of the reduction mechanism 7, and the planetary roller screw 8 is used for holding a roller carrier 805 at the position of each roller 802. When the screw 801 rotates, the rollers 802 perform planetary-like motion in the circumferential direction, and can revolve and rotate, and simultaneously, the rotary motion of the screw 801 is converted into the linear reciprocating motion of the nut 803 through screw transmission. By arranging the roller gears 804 at the two ends of the roller 802, the roller gears 804 are utilized to ensure the synchronism of the meshing transmission between the roller 802 and the screw 801 and the nut 803 and the pure rolling at the pitch circle, and the interference phenomenon caused by the slippage of the individual roller 802 can be avoided. The screw transmission is a mechanical transmission mode for transmitting power and motion by utilizing the engagement of a screw rod and the screw rod, and can be divided into force transmission screw transmission, conduction screw transmission and adjustment screw transmission according to the working characteristics, the force transmission screw transmission is suitable for occasions with intermittent working and low working speed, can generate larger axial thrust by smaller input torque, is stable in transmission and meets the design requirements of electronic mechanical actuating mechanisms. The screw drive mechanism may be further divided into a slide screw mechanism and a roller screw mechanism according to the difference in the form of friction between the screw and the nut. The sliding lead screw pair has low transmission efficiency, easy self-locking and abrasion, axial movement in reciprocating motion and low transmission precision. The roller screw mechanism is a screw transmission mechanism which is characterized in that a proper roller is arranged between a screw rod and a nut screwing spiral groove as an intermediate transmission body, the roller can repeatedly and circularly move in a closed loop through a roller return channel, and the sliding contact of the screw rod and the nut in the relative movement process is changed into rolling contact under the action of a roller chain, namely rolling friction replaces sliding friction. The planetary roller screw mainly has the following advantages: the transmission efficiency of the planetary roller screw is high, and is as high as 90% -98%, which is 2-4 times of that of the traditional sliding screw system, so that larger thrust can be obtained with smaller moment, and the movement is reversible, namely, the linear movement can be converted into the rotary movement; the planet roller screw is stable in motion, is in point contact rolling motion, has small friction resistance and high sensitivity in work, does not shake when started, does not creep at low speed, and can precisely control micro-feeding; the planetary roller screw has high precision, the temperature rise in the motion of the planetary roller screw is small, and the axial clearance can be eliminated through pre-tightening and the screw can be pre-stretched to compensate the thermal elongation, so that higher positioning precision and repeated positioning precision can be obtained; the planetary roller screw has high durability, the roller rolling contact part is processed by hardening (HRC 58-63) and precisely ground, the circular motion process belongs to pure rolling, and the relative abrasion is very little, so the planetary roller screw has higher service life and precision retentivity; the planetary roller screw has high reliability, and compared with other mechanical or hydraulic transmission, the planetary roller screw has low failure rate and simpler maintenance, only needs general lubrication and dust prevention, and can work under the non-lubrication state in special occasions. The planetary roller screw, which has no backlash and high rigidity, allows the rollers to come into optimum contact with the grooves for easy operation. If proper pretightening force is added, the back clearance is eliminated, the roller has better rigidity, the elastic deformation among the roller, the nut and the screw rod is reduced, and higher precision is achieved.

In some embodiments, the reduction mechanism 7 is a planetary gear reduction mechanism. The planetary gear speed reducing mechanism can play a role in reducing speed and increasing torque, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear speed reducing mechanism is generally larger, and the volume of the planetary gear speed reducing mechanism is far smaller than that of a common cylindrical gear speed reducer on the premise of the same transmission ratio; and the power input end and the power output end of the planetary gear speed reducing mechanism have the characteristic of coaxiality, and the planetary gear speed reducing mechanism has stable motion, strong shock resistance and strong vibration resistance. The planetary gear speed reducing mechanism has the following advantages: the transmission ratio range is large, the bearing capacity is strong, the size is small, the weight is light, the transmission is stable, the efficiency is high, the work is reliable, and the service life is long. In specific implementation, the planetary gear speed reducing mechanism comprises a sun gear 701, an inner gear ring 702, a planet carrier 704 and a plurality of planet gears 703, the inner gear ring 702 is fixedly connected in the housing 1, the sun gear 701 is connected with the power output end of the chain transmission mechanism 5 and rotates synchronously, the plurality of planet gears 703 are rotatably mounted on the planet carrier 704, the plurality of planet gears 703 are engaged between the inner gear ring 702 and the sun gear 701, the planet carrier 704 is connected with the power input end of the planetary roller screw 8 and rotates synchronously, the sun gear 701 serves as the power input part of the speed reducing mechanism 7, and the planet carrier 704 serves as the power output part of the speed reducing mechanism 7. In specific implementation, the sun gear 701 is connected with the transmission shaft 6 in a key manner, so that the sun gear 701 and the transmission shaft 6 rotate synchronously, and the two driven sprockets 502 can also be connected to the transmission shaft 6 in a key manner.

In some embodiments, both motors 4 are brushless dc motors. The brushless DC motor uses stator commutation to replace the brush and commutator, without spark and abrasion, with high reliability and long service life. Brushless dc motors are much smaller in weight and size than brushed dc motors, reducing weight by about 70%, while the moment of inertia can be reduced by about 40% to 50%. In addition, the brushless dc motor also has a linear torque speed characteristic similar to that of a general dc motor. The brushless direct current motor can be divided into a plurality of types according to different adopted permanent magnet materials, wherein the rare earth permanent magnet brushless direct current motor has the advantages of large starting torque, strong overload capacity, convenient speed regulation, stable operation, low noise, reliable work and the like, and is an ideal energy-saving, noise-reducing and environment-friendly product; as a preferred example, both motors 4 are rare earth permanent magnet brushless dc motors.

In some embodiments, the stator of the brushless dc motor surrounds the rotor 401 of the brushless dc motor, the permanent magnet of the brushless dc motor is disposed on the rotor 401 of the brushless dc motor, the stator of the brushless dc motor is in interference fit with the motor mounting hole 104 on the housing 1, and the motor shaft 402 of the brushless dc motor is fixedly connected with the stator of the brushless dc motor. By adopting the scheme, the permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor 401 of the brushless direct current motor, so that the rotor 401 of the brushless direct current motor does not generate heat, the loss of the brushless direct current motor is reduced, and the efficiency is improved. The stator of the brushless DC motor can radiate heat through the shell 1, and the radiating condition is improved to some extent.

In some embodiments, in order to reduce the assembly difficulty and the maintenance difficulty, the housing 1 comprises a brake caliper housing 101 and a reduction box housing fixedly connected to the brake caliper housing 101, the conversion mechanism and the two motors 4 are arranged in the brake caliper housing 101, the two chain transmission mechanisms 5 and the reduction mechanism 7 are arranged in the reduction box housing, and the reduction box housing can be detached for maintenance. Specifically, a brake caliper housing 101 is provided with a motor mounting hole 104 and a guide hole 105, the guide hole 105 is used for mounting the planetary roller screw 8 and the piston 9, and the motor mounting hole 104 is used for mounting the motor 4. In practice, the shaft element in an electromechanical brake caliper for a motor vehicle can be mounted rotatably in the housing 1 by means of bearings.

In some embodiments, the reduction gearbox comprises a first sub-housing 102 and a second sub-housing 103 which are fixedly connected together in a detachable manner, a first cavity for accommodating the two chain transmission mechanisms 5 is enclosed between the first sub-housing 102 and the second sub-housing 103, and a second cavity for accommodating the speed reduction mechanism 7 is arranged in the second sub-housing 103. By providing the first and second cavities independently of each other, it is possible to avoid mutual interference between the reduction mechanism 7 and the chain transmission 5. In specific implementation, one end of the motor shaft 402 extends into the first cavity from the motor mounting hole 104 to be connected with the driving sprocket 501, the transmission shaft 6 extends into the second cavity from the first cavity to be connected with the sun gear 701, and the planet carrier 704 extends into the guide hole 105 to be connected with the lead screw 801 or the lead screw 801 extends into the second cavity to be connected with the planet carrier 704.

In some embodiments, the housing 1, the brake disc 2 and the brake pad 3 may be arranged in a manner similar to that of the prior art, and the brake pad 3 may be slidably connected to the housing 1 through a linear motion structure, and the piston 9 is used to push the brake pad 3 to make the brake pad 3 abut against the brake disc 2, so as to achieve braking. Elastic restoring pieces can be arranged between the brake pads 3 and the shell 1 and/or between the piston 9 and the shell 1, and the elastic restoring pieces can be used for driving the brake pads 3 and/or the piston 9 to restore when braking is released.

In some embodiments, the brake controller 10 is fixedly attached to the housing 1 for increased integration, and in particular embodiments, the brake controller 10 may be fixedly attached to the outside of a gearbox housing.

After the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile is electrified, the motor 4 generates torque and rotation speed output, the speed is reduced and the distance is increased through the transmission of the chain transmission mechanism 5 and the speed reduction mechanism 7, the screw 801 of the planetary roller screw 8 is driven to rotate, the nut 803 is pushed to move linearly, the piston 9 is pushed out to generate braking force, and the magnitude and the direction of the braking force can be controlled through the magnitude and the direction of input current of the motor 4.

The invention provides a braking system, which comprises the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile. As a preferable example, the braking system includes four electronic mechanical brake calipers for the automobile, a brake pedal, a central controller and an ABS control module, and the four electronic mechanical brake calipers for the automobile, the brake pedal, the central controller and the ABS control module are connected through a communication line. The brake pedal may employ an electromechanical pedal simulator.

Compared with the traditional hydraulic braking system, the electronic mechanical braking system takes electric energy as an energy source, the motor 4 drives the brake pad 3 to press the brake disc 2 to realize the braking function, the energy is transmitted by an electric wire, and a data wire transmits a signal. The simple structure and high efficiency of the electromechanical braking system greatly improve the braking safety of the automobile. Compared with the traditional hydraulic braking system, the electromechanical braking system has the following advantages: the mechanical connection is less, no hydraulic brake pipeline is arranged, and the quality of the whole vehicle can be effectively reduced; the structure is simple, the volume is small, and the arrangement is easy; mechanical and electrical connection is adopted, so that signal transmission is rapid, braking response is rapid, and response is sensitive; the transmission efficiency is high, and energy is saved; the electronic intelligent control function is strong, the complex electric control functions of ABS, TCS, ESP, ACC and the like can be realized by modifying a software program in the ECU and configuring related parameters, and the electronic intelligent control function is easy to match with a new energy automobile with a braking energy recovery system; the electromechanical braking system adopts a modular structure, is simple to assemble and convenient to maintain; the electronic pedal is adopted, mechanical and hydraulic connection between the brake pedal and the brake actuating mechanism is eliminated, on one hand, the brake pedal does not have rebound vibration when ABS and other actions are executed, and the brake comfort is improved; on the other hand, when the vehicle is collided, the impact force can not be transmitted into the cab through the braking system, so that the passive safety of the vehicle is improved; the hydraulic brake pipeline and the brake fluid are not used, the problems of hydraulic oil replacement and hydraulic oil leakage are avoided, the environment is protected, and the electronic mechanical brake system has no unrecoverable part and almost no pollution to the environment; more communication interfaces can be expanded, the integration level of the brake system and the intelligent network connection of the whole vehicle is improved, and the four-wheel brake of the vehicle can be independently controlled, so that higher-level unmanned driving is realized.

The invention provides an automobile which comprises the brake system. In a specific implementation, the four wheels of the automobile can be provided with the automobile electromechanical brake calipers.

In specific implementation, when an automobile brakes, a driver steps on a brake pedal, a signal of a pedal sensor on the brake pedal is sent to a central controller, the central controller analyzes the braking intention of the signal of the pedal sensor, and formulates reasonable braking force by combining a vehicle CAN signal with information such as current vehicle speed, vehicle body motion attitude, road surface real-time scene and the like, and outputs the reasonable braking force to a brake controller 10 of each electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile, so as to control the braking force of each electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile in real time, and after the brake controller 10 receives a braking force command to the central controller, the brake controller 10 realizes the functions of driving braking and ABS locking prevention by controlling the rotating speed and the torque of a motor 4 of the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile, as shown in fig. 5, the braking working scene is mainly divided into three modules: the brake system comprises a brake intention identification module, an electronic mechanical brake caliper for an automobile and an ABS control module.

The braking intention recognition module comprises a pedal sensor and a central controller, a driver steps on a braking pedal during braking, the braking intention of the driver is indirectly reflected by signal change of the pedal sensor, and the process of analyzing a sensing signal is the process of recognizing the braking intention. When the automobile runs, on one hand, the central controller or the brake controller 10 can collect signals of the pedal sensors, analyze and decide the signals of the pedal sensors, and distribute braking force, on the other hand, the central controller can collect signals of various sensors on the automobile body, analyze the signals to obtain automobile body posture information, analyze the automobile body posture information to identify braking intention, and in specific implementation, the central controller or the brake controller can also combine the automobile body posture information and the signals of the pedal sensors to identify the braking intention.

An electronic mechanical brake caliper for an automobile controls rated outputs (output torque, output rotation speed) of a motor 4 of the electronic mechanical brake caliper for an automobile by a brake controller 10, and realizes accurate output of a braking force and adjustment of a brake clearance at the start and end of braking. In order to realize accurate output of the braking force, closed-loop control is required, the braking force is a key link control physical quantity in closed-loop feedback, a braking pressure sensor 11 is arranged in the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile, the braking force of the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile can be monitored in real time, closed-loop control and on-loop monitoring of the braking pressure of the automobile are realized, a braking controller 10 can input signals according to driving intentions or a central controller to accurately control the rotating speed and the output torque of the motor 4, and corresponding braking force and four-wheel braking force distribution are accurately generated in real time. The electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile is provided with a displacement sensor, the position of each piston 9 can be monitored in real time, closed-loop control and in-loop monitoring of the push-out displacement of the piston 9 and the return clearance of the piston 9 are realized, and the dragging torque of a braking system of the whole automobile can be indirectly monitored/controlled.

And the ABS control module is used for enabling the automobile tire to be in the maximum adhesion coefficient in the braking process so as to realize the shortest braking distance. When the ABS control module is started, the braking system carries out correction and repair on the braking force output by the motor 4 of the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile, the tire slip rate is used as a target control quantity, the optimal slip rate of the tire under the current road surface is achieved through a control algorithm, and the tire is in the maximum adhesion coefficient state as far as possible.

After a driver steps on a brake pedal, brake signals such as the magnitude of pedal acceleration, displacement and pedal force are detected through a pedal sensor, a central controller of an automobile receives brake command signals through a vehicle-mounted network, the optimal brake torque required by each wheel in real time is calculated by integrating other sensor signals in the current automobile driving state, a brake controller 10 receives the control signals and then completes torque and rotating speed response, driving torques of four motors 4 of an electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile are transmitted and amplified through a chain transmission mechanism 5 and a speed reduction mechanism 7, a screw 801 of a planetary roller screw 8 is driven to rotate through a planet carrier 704, a nut 803 of the planetary roller screw 8 is screwed out, a piston 9 is pushed to enable two brake discs 3 to clamp a brake disc 2, so that brake torque is generated, in order to guarantee the automobile to be stable and reliable in braking, the central controller monitors feedback information of each electronic mechanical brake caliper and each sensor for the automobile in real time, the magnitude of the brake force is adjusted in time, in addition, in the braking process, the magnitude or the direction of input current of the motor 4 is controlled to enable the automobile to generate an ABS function, so that the tire of the automobile is located at the maximum adhesion coefficient, and the shortest braking distance is realized. When the ABS is started, the braking system carries out correction repair on the braking force output by the motor 4 of the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile, the tire slip rate is used as a target control quantity, the tire is in the optimal slip rate under the current road surface through a control algorithm, and the tire is in the maximum adhesion coefficient state as far as possible.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, the braking system may be used in combination with other additional function modules to implement a variety of additional functions, and in particular, the types and functions of the additional function modules that may be used in combination with the braking system are shown in the table of fig. 6.

The electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile provided by the invention is used as an actuator for generating braking torque of the automobile, brake fluid/gas and other intermediate media in a traditional braking system are eliminated, the braking intention of a driver or a communication signal distributed to the braking system by a central controller is converted into an analog electric signal, more communication interfaces can be expanded, the integration level of the braking system and the intelligent network connection of the whole automobile is improved, four-wheel braking of the automobile can be independently controlled, so that higher-level unmanned driving is realized, a part solution is provided for chassis line control braking, in addition, the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile provided by the invention uses electric energy as an energy source, and a lead is used for replacing a complex pipeline in the traditional braking system, so that redundant control of the four-wheel braking of the automobile is realized, and the safety performance and the response speed of the automobile are improved.

The electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile is used for forming a brake system, intermediate media such as brake fluid/gas and the like in the traditional brake system are eliminated, and the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile is convenient to maintain; the brake system has no intermediate medium, is all analog electric signals and has no leakage problem; the braking system is a communication network, and has no pipeline and gas circuit, so that the maintenance is convenient; the structure is compact, and the required layout space is flexible; the electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile is driven by the motor 4, has high response speed, high control precision and wide adjustable range, and can meet various comfort style requirements; the brake system takes current as a conducting medium, and has quick response and high efficiency; the fault diagnosis capability of the brake system is improved; the system is convenient to integrate with other systems, such as an anti-lock system, an electronic stability program and the like, and only needs to be integrated and operated through software.

In the description of the specification, references to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The electronic mechanical brake caliper for the automobile comprises a shell, a brake disc and a brake pad, and is characterized by further comprising an actuating assembly arranged in the shell, wherein the actuating assembly comprises a conversion mechanism, a speed reducing mechanism, at least two motors and at least two chain transmission mechanisms, power output ends of the at least two motors are in transmission connection with power input ends of the speed reducing mechanism through the at least two chain transmission mechanisms respectively, the power output end of the speed reducing mechanism is in transmission connection with the power input end of the conversion mechanism, the conversion mechanism can convert rotary motion of the power input end of the speed reducing mechanism into linear motion of the power output end of the speed reducing mechanism, and the power output end of the conversion mechanism can drive the brake pad to abut against the brake disc in a linear motion mode.

2. An electromechanical brake caliper for automobiles according to claim 1, wherein at least two of said chain transmission mechanisms each comprise a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a transmission chain sleeved on said driving sprocket and said driven sprocket, at least two of said driving sprockets are respectively in transmission connection with power output ends of at least two of said motors, and at least two of said driven sprockets are both in transmission connection with power input ends of said speed reduction mechanisms.

3. Electromechanical brake caliper for motor vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that at least two of the chain drives each comprise a tensioning sprocket acting on the drive chain.

4. The electro-mechanical brake caliper for automotive vehicles according to claim 1, wherein said actuating assembly further comprises a piston disposed in said housing in such a way as to be movable along a straight line, said piston being disposed between a power take-off of said conversion mechanism and said brake pad, said power take-off of said conversion mechanism driving said brake pad against said brake disc by pushing said piston.

5. Electromechanical brake calliper for motor vehicles according to claim 4, wherein a brake pressure sensor is provided between the power output of the conversion mechanism and the piston.

6. Electromechanical brake calliper for motor vehicles according to claim 4, wherein a displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the piston is arranged in the housing.

7. The electro-mechanical brake caliper for automotive vehicles according to claim 1, wherein one of said brake pads is disposed on each side of said brake disc, and two of said actuating assemblies are disposed in said housing, one of said actuating assemblies being capable of driving one of said brake pads against said brake disc, and the other of said actuating assemblies being capable of driving the other of said brake pads against said brake disc.

8. An electromechanical brake caliper for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said electromechanical brake caliper for a vehicle is a fixed brake caliper.

9. An electromechanical brake caliper for automobiles according to claim 1, wherein at least two of said motors are respectively provided on the periphery of said conversion mechanism, and the center axes of at least two of said motors are parallel to the center axis of said conversion mechanism.

10. Electromechanical brake caliper for motor vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the conversion mechanism is a planetary roller screw.

11. The electromechanical brake caliper for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein said speed reduction mechanism is a planetary gear speed reduction mechanism.

12. An electromechanical brake caliper for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein at least two of said motors are brushless dc motors.

13. The automotive electromechanical brake caliper according to claim 12, characterized in that the brushless dc motor stator surrounds the periphery of the rotor of the brushless dc motor, the permanent magnets of the brushless dc motor being arranged on the rotor of the brushless dc motor, the brushless dc motor stator being fitted in the motor mounting holes of the housing.

14. An electromechanical brake caliper for motor vehicles according to claim 1, wherein said housing comprises a caliper housing and a reduction box housing fixedly connected to said caliper housing, said conversion mechanism and said at least two electric motors being provided in said caliper housing, and said at least two chain transmission mechanisms and said reduction mechanism being provided in said reduction box housing.

15. An electromechanical brake caliper for motor vehicles according to claim 14, wherein said reduction gearbox comprises a first sub-housing and a second sub-housing fixedly connected together in a removable manner, a first cavity for accommodating at least two of said chain transmission mechanisms being enclosed between said first sub-housing and said second sub-housing, and a second cavity for accommodating said reduction mechanism being provided in said second sub-housing.

16. A braking system, characterized in that it comprises an electromechanical brake caliper for motor vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. A vehicle comprising the braking system of claim 16.