CN115319116B - Cross-configuration part laser powder feeding 3D printing forming method - Google Patents
Cross-configuration part laser powder feeding 3D printing forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115319116B CN115319116B CN202210854738.9A CN202210854738A CN115319116B CN 115319116 B CN115319116 B CN 115319116B CN 202210854738 A CN202210854738 A CN 202210854738A CN 115319116 B CN115319116 B CN 115319116B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
- B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a laser powder feeding 3D printing forming method for cross-configuration parts, which is characterized in that a dividing surface is arranged at the joint of a web plate and a side beam along the direction parallel to the web plate surface, the whole cross-configuration part is divided into a web plate area and a side beam area, then the web plate area is subjected to layer-by-layer scanning and tiling printing according to the direction vertical to the web plate surface to form the web plate, the side beam area is subjected to layer-by-layer scanning and tiling printing according to the direction parallel to the web plate surface to form the side beam by taking the dividing surface as a positioning reference, and the printing stroke of the web plate and the side beam is greatly reduced by adopting the layered printing mode with mutually perpendicular subareas, so that the thermal stress concentration is effectively reduced, the thermal stress deformation degree of the web plate and the side beam is greatly reduced, and the appearance precision of the cross-configuration part is further ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser powder feeding 3D printing forming, and particularly relates to a laser powder feeding 3D printing forming method for cross-configuration parts.
Background
The aerospace manufacturing field is a main 'practice field' of a national high-precision technology. In the aerospace field, there are a number of challenges in processing complex precision components that are difficult or impossible to implement using conventional manufacturing techniques. With the continuous improvement of technical indexes and performance requirements of advanced aircrafts on complex precision components in recent years, higher and harsher requirements are put on manufacturing technologies, and the requirements are mainly expressed in the following steps: structural design integration, functional structure integration and manufacturing process flexibility. Therefore, the development of additive forming technology for integrated and precise manufacturing of complex components becomes an effective break-through for solving the problems.
Current 3D printing of aerospace structural members has evolved from part forming to assembly-integrated manufacturing, with further expansion in size. The cross-shaped part is a new structural form based on the background, and is commonly formed by combining a titanium alloy force-bearing frame and a connecting side beam thereof to form an integral cross member, wherein the structural form of the existing large cross-shaped part shows larger space dimension in three dimensions, and the dimension of the structural form in at least two dimension directions of length, width and height is more than or equal to 500mm.
The traditional 3D printing forming method is that after regional forming, the part is welded or connected in an additive mode or deposited and formed in a single direction, the shape precision of the part is difficult to control in a mode of regional forming and then welding or connected in an additive mode, and deformation is easy to cause at the connecting position. According to the mode of single-direction deposition forming, because the printing path of the large-scale cross-shaped part is long and the area is large, the thermal stress concentration is easy to cause, and the formed cross-shaped part is subjected to thermal stress deformation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser powder feeding 3D printing forming method for a cross-shaped part, which aims at a large cross-shaped part, can effectively reduce the printing distance of a web plate and a side beam, further effectively reduce the thermal stress concentration of the web plate and the side beam, avoid the side deformation of the web plate and the side beam, and further ensure the appearance precision of the whole cross-shaped part.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a cross-configuration part laser powder feeding 3D printing forming method comprises the steps of dividing the cross-configuration part into a web plate area and a side beam area which are perpendicular to each other, scanning and tiling the cross-configuration part layer by layer according to the direction perpendicular to the web plate surface to form a web plate, and scanning and tiling the cross-configuration part layer by layer according to the direction parallel to the web plate surface to form a side beam.
The cross-shaped part is divided into the web area and the side beam area, and the web is formed by scanning and flatly printing layer by layer along the direction perpendicular to the web surface, namely along the direction with smaller scanning path, so that the scanning path is effectively reduced, the thermal stress is greatly reduced, and the thermal stress concentration deformation of the web is further avoided. And in the same way, the side beams are formed by scanning and tiling layer by layer in the direction parallel to the web surface, namely the side beams are formed by scanning and tiling layer by layer along the direction with smaller scanning path, so that the scanning path is effectively reduced, the thermal stress is greatly reduced, and the thermal stress concentration deformation of the side beams is further avoided.
In order to better realize the invention, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a dividing surface at the joint of a web plate and a side beam of a cross-shaped part according to a direction parallel to the web plate, and dividing the cross-shaped part into a web plate area and a side beam area;
step 2, aiming at the web area, scanning and flatly printing layer by layer along the direction vertical to the web surface to form a web;
and 3, aiming at the side beam area, taking the dividing surface as a reference, and scanning and flatly printing layer by layer along the direction parallel to the web surface to form the side beam.
In order to better implement the present invention, in the step 2, the web area is further vertically placed, so that the web surface is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the web is formed by symmetrically scanning and tiling layer by layer from the bottom of the web toward the top of the web along the direction perpendicular to the web surface.
In order to better realize the invention, further, the layer-by-layer scanning is carried out on a plurality of parallel web scanning sections, and the synchronous symmetrical scanning printing is carried out on each web scanning section according to the direction from the two ends of the web scanning section to the center of the web scanning section.
In order to better implement the present invention, in step 3, the web formed by printing is placed horizontally so that the web surface is parallel to the horizontal plane, and then the side beams are formed by scanning and tiling layer by layer from bottom to top along the direction parallel to the web surface based on the dividing surface.
In order to better realize the invention, further, the layer-by-layer scanning is carried out on a plurality of parallel side beam scanning sections, and synchronous symmetrical scanning printing is carried out on each side beam scanning section according to the direction from the two ends of the side beam scanning section to the center of the side beam scanning section.
In order to achieve the present invention, when the thickness of the web is 35mm or less, a dividing surface is established with reference to a first web surface on a side of the web away from the side member, and a distance between the dividing surface and the first web surface is 40mm or more.
In order to better realize the invention, when the thickness of the web plate is more than 35mm, a dividing surface is established by taking the second web plate surface of one side of the web plate, which is close to the side beam, as a reference, and the distance between the dividing surface and the second web plate surface is more than or equal to 5mm.
In order to better realize the invention, if the connection part of the web plate and the side beam is provided with a rounding, a dividing surface is established by taking the second web plate surface of one side of the web plate, which is close to the side beam, as a reference, and the distance between the dividing surface and the second web plate surface is larger than or equal to the radius of the rounding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, the joint of the web plate and the side beam is provided with the dividing surface along the direction parallel to the web plate surface, the whole cross-configuration part is divided into the web plate area and the side beam area, then the web plate area is scanned and tiled layer by layer according to the direction perpendicular to the web plate surface to form the web plate, the side beam area is scanned and tiled layer by layer according to the direction parallel to the web plate surface to form the side beam by taking the dividing surface as a positioning reference, and the printing stroke of the web plate and the side beam is greatly reduced by the layering printing mode of mutually perpendicular subareas, so that the thermal stress concentration is effectively reduced, the degree of thermal stress deformation of the web plate and the side beam is greatly reduced, and the appearance precision of the cross-configuration part is further ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the division of web regions from side beam regions;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a split surface arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a schematic print illustration of a web;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of layered symmetric printing of a web;
FIG. 5 is a schematic print illustration of a side beam;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of side beam layered symmetric printing;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the first web surface as a reference for providing a dividing surface;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the second web surface as a reference for providing a dividing surface;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the provision of a parting plane with rounded corners between the web and the side members.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the cross-configuration part comprises a web plate and a side beam which are perpendicular to each other, the cross-configuration part is divided into a web plate area and a side beam area which are perpendicular to each other, the web plate is formed by scanning and tiling in a layer-by-layer mode according to the direction perpendicular to the web plate surface, and the side beam is formed by scanning and tiling in a layer-by-layer mode according to the direction parallel to the web plate surface.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, establishing a dividing plane at the joint of the web plate and the side beam of the cross-shaped part according to the direction parallel to the web plate, and dividing the cross-shaped part into a web plate area and a side beam area; for a large-size cross-shaped part with dimension sizes of more than 500mm in at least two directions of length, width and height, a dividing surface parallel to a web surface is established at the joint of a web plate and a side beam, and the cross-shaped part is divided into a web plate area and a side beam area through the dividing surface.
Step 2, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, aiming at the web area, scanning and tiling the web area layer by layer along the direction vertical to the web surface to form a web; because the width of web perpendicular to web face is less than the length that is on a parallel with the web face far away, consequently along the width direction of web, scan the tiling along the direction of perpendicular to fortune face promptly and print the formation web layer by layer, and then laser scanning print's stroke and print area when having reduced each layer web greatly and printed, and then effectively reduce the thermal stress after the web shaping, avoid thermal stress concentration to lead to the web to warp, just can guarantee the appearance precision of web through thermal correction shape.
When printing the web area, printing the joint of the web and the side beam until the joint is a dividing surface; and printing the non-connection part of the web plate and the side beam to the web plate surface.
Step 3, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the side member regions are scanned layer by layer in a direction parallel to the web surface with respect to the dividing surface, and the side members are formed by printing in a flat manner.
After printing the joint of the web plate and the side beam to the dividing surface, positioning the joint by taking the dividing surface as a reference, and then scanning and tiling the joint layer by layer along the direction parallel to the web plate surface to form the side beam. Because the width of the side beam in the direction parallel to the web surface is far smaller than the length of the side beam in the direction perpendicular to the web surface, the stroke and the printing area of laser scanning printing during printing of each layer of side beam are greatly reduced, the thermal stress of the side beam after molding is effectively reduced, the deformation of the side beam caused by the concentration of the thermal stress is avoided, and the appearance precision of the side beam can be ensured without thermal correction.
Example 2:
this embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 1, in the step 2, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the web area is vertically placed, so that the web surface is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the web is formed by symmetrically scanning and tiling layer by layer from the bottom of the web toward the top of the web along the direction perpendicular to the web surface.
Further, a layer-by-layer scanning is performed on a plurality of parallel web scanning sections, and synchronous symmetrical scanning printing is performed on each web scanning section according to the direction from the two ends of the web scanning section to the center of the web scanning section.
As shown in fig. 4, when printing each layer of web, the web is formed by printing layer by layer in such a manner that the scanning printing is synchronized symmetrically in the direction from both ends of the cross section toward the center of the web scanning cross section, that is, the A1 and A2 region synchronized symmetrically printing, the B1 and B2 region synchronized symmetrically printing, and the C1 and C2 region synchronized symmetrically printing. By the mode of synchronous symmetrical printing from the two ends of the cross section towards the center, the thermal distribution is more uniform, and the thermal deformation of the web is further reduced.
Other portions of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1, and thus will not be described in detail.
Example 3:
in step 3, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the printed and molded web is horizontally placed so that the web surface is parallel to the horizontal plane, and then the side beams are formed by scanning and tiling layer by layer from bottom to top along the direction parallel to the web surface based on the dividing plane.
Further, the layer-by-layer scanning is performed for a plurality of parallel side beam scanning sections, and synchronous symmetrical scanning printing is performed for each side beam scanning section in a direction from both ends of the side beam scanning section toward the center of the side beam scanning section.
As shown in fig. 6, in performing the side member printing of each layer, the side members are formed by printing layer by layer in such a manner that the scanning printing is synchronized symmetrically in the direction from both ends of the cross section toward the center of the scanning cross section of the side member, that is, the D1 and D2 region synchronized symmetrically, the E1 and E2 region synchronized symmetrically, and the F1 and F2 region synchronized symmetrically. By the synchronous symmetrical printing mode from the two ends of the cross section towards the center, the thermal distribution is more uniform, and the thermal deformation of the side beams is further reduced
Other portions of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1 or 2 described above, and thus will not be described again.
Example 4:
in this embodiment, when the thickness H of the web is less than or equal to 35mm, as shown in fig. 7, the first web surface on the side of the web away from the side beam is used as a reference to establish a dividing plane, and the distance H1 between the dividing plane and the first web surface is greater than or equal to 40mm.
As shown in fig. 8, when the thickness H of the web is greater than 35mm, a dividing surface is established with reference to a second web surface on the side of the web close to the side beam, and a distance H2 between the dividing surface and the second web surface is 5mm or more.
As shown in fig. 9, if there is a rounded corner at the connection between the web and the side member, a dividing surface is established with reference to the second web surface on the side of the web close to the side member, and the distance H2 between the dividing surface and the second web surface is equal to or greater than the radius R of the rounded corner.
Through the size control, the divided web plate area and the side beam area have enough strength and rigidity to resist thermal stress deformation, and the appearance precision of the web plate and the side beam after molding is further ensured.
Other portions of this embodiment are the same as any of embodiments 1 to 3 described above, and thus will not be described again.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent variation, etc. of the above embodiment according to the technical matter of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The cross-configuration part comprises a web plate and a side beam which are perpendicular to each other, and is characterized in that the cross-configuration part is divided into a web plate area and a side beam area which are perpendicular to each other, the web plate is formed by scanning and tiling in a layer-by-layer mode according to the direction perpendicular to the web plate surface, and the side beam is formed by scanning and tiling in a layer-by-layer mode according to the direction parallel to the web plate surface;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a dividing surface at the joint of a web plate and a side beam of a cross-shaped part according to a direction parallel to the web plate, and dividing the cross-shaped part into a web plate area and a side beam area;
step 2, aiming at the web area, scanning and flatly printing layer by layer along the direction vertical to the web surface to form a web;
step 3, aiming at the side beam area, taking the dividing surface as a reference, scanning and tiling the side beam area layer by layer along the direction parallel to the web surface and the short side of the side beam area to form the side beam;
when the thickness of the web plate is less than or equal to 35mm, establishing a dividing surface by taking a first web plate surface of one side of the web plate far away from the side beam as a reference, wherein the distance between the dividing surface and the first web plate surface is more than or equal to 40mm; when the thickness of the web plate is larger than 35mm, a dividing surface is established by taking a second web plate surface of one side of the web plate, which is close to the side beam, as a reference, and the distance between the dividing surface and the second web plate surface is larger than or equal to 5mm; if the connection part of the web plate and the side beam is provided with a rounding, a dividing surface is established by taking a second web plate surface of one side of the web plate, which is close to the side beam, as a reference, and the distance between the dividing surface and the second web plate surface is larger than or equal to the radius of the rounding.
2. The method for forming the cross-configuration part by laser powder feeding 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the web area is vertically placed, so that the web surface is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the web is formed by symmetrically scanning and tiling from the bottom of the web toward the top of the web layer by layer along the direction perpendicular to the web surface.
3. The method for forming the cross-configuration part by laser powder feeding 3D printing according to claim 2, wherein the layer-by-layer scanning is performed on a plurality of parallel web scanning sections, and the cross-configuration part is synchronously and symmetrically scanned and printed on each web scanning section according to the direction from two ends of the web scanning section to the center of the web scanning section.
4. The method for forming the cross-configuration part by laser powder feeding 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the web plate subjected to printing forming is horizontally placed so that the web plate surface is parallel to a horizontal plane, and then the side beams are formed by scanning and tiling printing layer by layer along the direction parallel to the web plate surface from bottom to top based on the dividing surface.
5. The method for forming cross-configuration parts by laser powder feeding 3D printing according to claim 4, wherein the layer-by-layer scanning is performed for a plurality of parallel side beam scanning sections, and the side beam scanning sections are synchronously and symmetrically scanned and printed in a direction from both ends of the side beam scanning sections toward the center of the side beam scanning sections.
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| CN115319116A (en) | 2022-11-11 |
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