CN115306586A - Propellant storage tank pressure control device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Propellant storage tank pressure control device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115306586A CN115306586A CN202210924729.2A CN202210924729A CN115306586A CN 115306586 A CN115306586 A CN 115306586A CN 202210924729 A CN202210924729 A CN 202210924729A CN 115306586 A CN115306586 A CN 115306586A
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- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/44—Feeding propellants
- F02K9/56—Control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/60—Constructional parts; Details not otherwise provided for
- F02K9/605—Reservoirs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/02—Details or accessories of testing apparatus
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/14—Testing gas-turbine engines or jet-propulsion engines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a propellant storage tank pressure control device and a control method thereof, wherein the propellant storage tank pressure control device comprises a storage tank, a supercharging device and a pressure relief device; the pressurizing device comprises a plurality of paths of pore plate pressurizing components which are arranged in parallel, and the pore plate pressurizing components are communicated with the air inlet of the storage tank and used for increasing the pressure of the storage tank; the pressure relief device is communicated with the air outlet of the storage tank to reduce the pressure of the storage tank. The invention provides a tank pressure control device of a propellant tank, which improves the response speed of the working condition adjustment of a liquid rocket engine, can meet the pressure adjustment in a larger range, and improves the accuracy of the tank pressure adjustment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid rocket engines, in particular to a propellant tank pressure control device and a control method thereof.
Background
In the ground test process of a certain high-thrust liquid rocket engine, the large-range adjustment of the inlet pressure of an engine oxygen pump needs to be realized in one test, a test system is realized by adjusting the pressure of a liquid oxygen storage tank, and the following requirements are met simultaneously by the pressure control of the oxygen tank:
1) Quick response, namely requiring to realize quick response in the process of regulating the working condition of the rocket engine;
2) The pressure regulating device has wide range, and is required to realize large-range pressure regulation in the ground test process of the rocket engine under various working conditions such as overload, deflection and the like;
3) And the required adjustment value and the target value have small errors during box pressure adjustment, so that high-precision adjustment is realized.
In the traditional technology, a low-temperature storage tank pressure control device is narrow in adjustment range, low in precision and slow in adjustment response time, and cannot meet the requirement of tank pressure adjustment in the existing rocket engine ground test process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a propellant tank pressure control device and a control method thereof, and aims to improve the pressure adjusting range of the propellant tank pressure control device, improve the pressure adjusting precision and improve the response speed.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a propellant tank pressure control apparatus including:
a storage tank;
the supercharging device comprises a plurality of paths of pore plate supercharging assemblies which are arranged in parallel, and the pore plate supercharging assemblies are communicated with the air inlet of the storage tank and used for increasing the pressure of the storage tank; and
and the pressure relief device is communicated with the air outlet of the storage tank and is used for reducing the pressure of the storage tank.
Optionally, the supercharging device further comprises at least one supercharging stop valve, wherein the gas inlet end of the supercharging stop valve is suitable for receiving the supercharging gas, and the gas outlet end of the supercharging stop valve is communicated with the orifice plate supercharging assembly.
Optionally, multiplexing the orifice plate plenum assembly comprises: the first pressurization isolation valve is a first pressurization pipeline, a second pressurization pipeline, a third pressurization pipeline, a fourth pressurization pipeline and a fifth pressurization pipeline which are arranged in parallel; the air outlet ends of the first pressurization pipeline, the second pressurization pipeline, the third pressurization pipeline, the fourth pressurization pipeline and the fifth pressurization pipeline are communicated with the first pressurization isolation valve, and the air outlet end of the first pressurization isolation valve is communicated with the air inlet of the storage tank.
Optionally, the first pressurization line comprises a rapid pressurization valve, one end of the rapid pressurization valve is communicated with the pressurization stop valve, and the other end of the rapid pressurization valve is communicated with the first pressurization isolation valve;
the second pressurization pipeline comprises a first orifice plate and a first pressurization valve communicated with the first orifice plate, the air inlet end of the first orifice plate is communicated with the pressurization stop valve, and the air outlet end of the first pressurization valve is communicated with the first pressurization isolation valve;
the third pressurization pipeline comprises a second orifice plate and a second pressurization valve communicated with the second orifice plate, the air inlet end of the second orifice plate is communicated with the pressurization stop valve, and the air outlet end of the second pressurization valve is communicated with the first pressurization isolation valve;
the fourth pressurization pipeline comprises a third orifice plate and a third pressurization valve communicated with the third orifice plate, the air inlet end of the third orifice plate is communicated with the pressurization stop valve, and the air outlet end of the third pressurization valve is communicated with the first pressurization isolation valve;
the fifth pressurization pipeline comprises a fourth orifice plate and a fourth pressurization valve communicated with the fourth orifice plate, the air inlet end of the fourth orifice plate is communicated with the pressurization stop valve, and the air outlet end of the fourth pressurization valve is communicated with the first pressurization isolation valve.
Optionally, the throat diameters of the first to fourth orifice plates are arranged in a step shape, wherein the throat diameter of the first orifice plate is the smallest, and the throat diameter of the fourth orifice plate is the largest.
Optionally, the propellant tank pressure control device further comprises a membrane pressure regulating assembly arranged in parallel with the orifice plate pressurization assembly, the membrane pressure regulating assembly being in communication with the air inlet of the tank for increasing the pressure of the tank.
Optionally, the membrane pressure regulating assembly comprises a pressurization pressure reducer air source valve, a pressurization pressure reducer, a membrane regulating valve and a second pressurization isolating valve which are sequentially communicated; the air inlet end of the air source valve of the pressure-increasing pressure reducer is communicated with the pressure-increasing stop valve, and the air outlet end of the second pressure-increasing isolation valve is communicated with the air inlet of the storage tank.
Optionally, the pressure relief device comprises an emergency release valve and a vent valve arranged in parallel with the emergency release valve.
Optionally, the tank is provided with a safety valve.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a method for controlling a tank pressure of a propellant tank, based on the above-mentioned apparatus for controlling a tank pressure of a propellant tank, comprising the steps of:
s10, when the pressure value of the storage tank needs to be stabilized, opening a membrane regulating valve, setting the outlet pressure value of the membrane regulating valve as a tank pressure value, respectively setting the switching threshold values of a first pressurizing valve and a second pressurizing valve, and setting the switching threshold values of the first pressurizing isolating valve and the second pressurizing isolating valve;
s20, when the storage tank needs to be pressurized, setting switching thresholds of the first booster valve to the fourth booster valve respectively to enable the switching thresholds to be distributed in a step shape; sequentially opening the first orifice plate to the fourth orifice plate; maintaining the first to fourth orifice plates in an open state simultaneously, and opening a rapid pressurization valve; closing the fourth orifice plate to the second orifice plate in sequence, and keeping the first orifice plate to be continuously pressurized to a rated pressure;
s30, when the pressure of the storage tank needs to be reduced, setting the opening degree of the membrane regulating valve to be 0, and closing the first pressure increasing valve, the fourth pressure increasing valve and the rapid pressure increasing valve; opening a vent valve or an emergency release valve, and closing the vent valve or the emergency release valve when the pressure of the storage tank is reduced to a preset pressure value; wherein the preset pressure value is greater than the target tank pressure value.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the tank pressure control device of the propellant tank comprises a tank, a supercharging device and a pressure relief device; the pressurizing device comprises a plurality of paths of pore plate pressurizing components which are arranged in parallel, and the pore plate pressurizing components are communicated with the air inlet of the storage tank and used for increasing the pressure of the storage tank; the pressure relief device is communicated with the air outlet of the storage tank to reduce the pressure of the storage tank. The invention effectively improves the stability of box pressure regulation, can realize quick regulation of box pressure, can ensure the stability of box pressure value and also improve the precision of pressure regulation by arranging a plurality of paths of pore plate pressurizing assemblies connected in parallel; and through setting up pressure relief device, can realize slow pressure release or quick pressure release, further improved the scope of pressure adjustment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments or technical solutions of the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a propellant tank pressure control apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating one embodiment of a method for controlling the tank pressure of a propellant tank of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a graph showing the results of a test conducted on an embodiment of the propellant tank pressure control apparatus of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
10. a storage tank; 20. a pressure boosting device; 30. a pressure relief device; 21. an orifice plate plenum assembly; 22. a membrane pressure regulating assembly; 23. a pressure-increasing shut-off valve; 216. a first boost isolation valve; 201. a rapid pressurization valve; 202. a first orifice plate; 203. a first pressure increasing valve; 204. a second orifice plate; 205. a second pressure increasing valve; 206. a third orifice plate; 207. a third pressure increasing valve; 208. a fourth orifice plate; 209. a fourth pressure increasing valve; 221. a gas source valve of the pressure reducer; 222. a pressure boosting and reducing device; 223. a membrane regulating valve; 224. a second boost isolation valve; 31. an emergency deflation valve; 32. a vent valve; 11. a safety valve.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, 8230; etc.) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used for explaining the relative positional relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the figure), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.
In addition, if there is a description relating to "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In addition, if appearing throughout the text, "and/or" is meant to include three juxtaposed aspects, taking "A and/or B" as an example, including either the A aspect, or the B aspect, or both A and B satisfied aspects. In addition, technical solutions between the embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization of the technical solutions by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory to each other or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a tank pressure control device of a propellant tank, which is applicable to a propellant tank of a liquid rocket engine, in particular to a liquid oxygen tank, a liquid hydrogen tank or a liquid methane tank, but not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment of the invention, the propellant tank pressure control means comprises a tank 10, a pressurising means 20 and a pressure relief means 30; the supercharging device 20 comprises a plurality of paths of orifice plate supercharging assemblies 21 which are arranged in parallel, and the orifice plate supercharging assemblies 21 are communicated with the air inlet of the storage tank 10 so as to increase the pressure of the storage tank 10; the pressure relief device 30 communicates with the outlet of the tank 10 for reducing the pressure of the tank 10.
In this embodiment, the storage tank 10 may store therein liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen, liquid methane, or other propellants, which are not limited herein.
In this embodiment, the orifice plate pressurizing assembly 21 may include at least two orifice plates and at least two pressurizing solenoid valves, and may be configured as a combined pipeline of a plurality of orifice plates and pressurizing solenoid valves arranged in parallel, which is not limited herein.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the pressure control device of the propellant tank comprises a tank 10, a supercharging device 20 and a pressure relief device 30; the supercharging device 20 comprises a plurality of paths of orifice plate supercharging components 21 which are arranged in parallel, and the orifice plate supercharging components 21 are communicated with the air inlet of the storage tank 10 and used for increasing the pressure of the storage tank 10; the pressure relief device 30 communicates with the outlet of the tank 10 for reducing the pressure of the tank 10. The orifice plate pressurizing assembly 21 has the advantage of high response speed, and the stability of box pressure regulation is effectively improved by arranging the plurality of paths of orifice plate pressurizing assemblies 21 connected in parallel, so that the box pressure can be quickly regulated, the stability of a box pressure value can be ensured, and the precision of pressure regulation is also improved; and through setting up pressure relief device 30, can realize slowly releasing pressure or quick pressure release, further improved the scope of pressure adjustment.
In order to cut off the supply of high pressure gas in time to improve the safety of the propellant tank pressure control device in case of damage to other valve components, referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the pressurization device 20 may further include at least one pressurization blocking valve 23, an inlet end of the pressurization blocking valve 23 being adapted to receive pressurized gas, and an outlet end of the pressurization blocking valve 23 being in communication with the orifice plate pressurization assembly 21.
In this embodiment, the number of the pressure-increasing blocking valves 23 may preferably be two, and both may be pneumatic shut-off valves, in order to prevent the problem of single point failure.
To further enable a wide range of tank pressure regulation, referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the multiple orifice plate plenum assembly 21 may include: the first pressurization isolation valve 216 is a first pressurization pipeline, a second pressurization pipeline, a third pressurization pipeline, a fourth pressurization pipeline and a fifth pressurization pipeline which are arranged in parallel; the air outlet ends of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth pressurization pipelines are communicated with the air inlet end of the first pressurization isolation valve 216, and the air outlet end of the first pressurization isolation valve 216 is communicated with the air inlet of the storage tank 10.
In this embodiment, the first boost conduit may include a rapid boost valve 201, with one end of rapid boost valve 201 in communication with boost stop valve 23 and the other end of rapid boost valve 201 in communication with a first boost isolation valve 216. The second pressurization line may include a first orifice plate 202 and a first pressurization valve 203 in communication with the first orifice plate 202, an inlet end of the first orifice plate 202 being in communication with the pressurization block valve 23, and an outlet end of the first pressurization valve 203 being in communication with the first pressurization isolation valve 216. The third pressurization conduit may include a second orifice plate 204 and a second pressurization valve 205 in communication with the second orifice plate 204, an inlet side of the second orifice plate 204 being in communication with the pressurization block valve 23, and an outlet side of the second pressurization valve 205 being in communication with the first pressurization isolation valve 216. The fourth booster circuit may include a third orifice plate 206 and a third booster valve 207 in communication with the third orifice plate 206, with an inlet side of the third orifice plate 206 in communication with the booster stop valve 23 and an outlet side of the third booster valve 207 in communication with the first booster isolation valve 216. The fifth booster circuit may include a fourth orifice plate 208 and a fourth booster valve 209 in communication with the fourth orifice plate 208, with an inlet end of the fourth orifice plate 208 in communication with the booster block valve 23 and an outlet end of the fourth booster valve 209 in communication with the first booster isolation valve 216.
The first pressure increasing valve 203, the second pressure increasing valve 205, the third pressure increasing valve 207 and the fourth pressure increasing valve 209 may be two-position two-way solenoid valves, which is not limited herein.
It should be noted that, in the case pressure rating process of the rocket engine, the required pressurization speed is fast, and at this time, the pressurization speed can be realized by a combination mode of a pressurization solenoid valve and a pore plate, the device is provided with four pressurization pore plate pipelines, the throat diameter of the pore plate can be distributed in a ladder shape, the case pressure adjustment in a wide range can be realized by a combination mode of different pore plates, in addition, one path of rapid pressurization road without the pore plate is arranged, and the rapid large-flow pressurization of the pressurized gas can be realized by opening the rapid pressurization valve 201. In the process of pressurization, in order to avoid overlarge impact on the storage tank 10 and further cause larger pressure fluctuation at the inlet of the engine, the pressurization pipelines can be opened in sequence instead of being opened at the same time, so that the air flow impact can be effectively reduced, and the safety of the system is protected; when the target value of the box pressure is reached, the pressurization pipelines can be closed in sequence, so that the problem of pressurization overshoot can be effectively avoided.
Furthermore, the throat diameters of the first, second, third and fourth orifice plates 202, 204, 206, 208 are stepped, wherein the throat diameter of the first orifice plate 202 is the smallest and the throat diameter of the fourth orifice plate 208 is the largest. The throat diameter of the first orifice plate 202 can be obtained by calculation according to the lowest working condition pressure of the storage tank 10, the combined equivalent diameter of the four-way orifice plate can be obtained by calculation according to the highest working condition pressure of the storage tank 10, and when the four-way orifice plate is completely pressurized, the adjustment requirement of the highest working condition pressure of the storage tank 10 can be met.
Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the propellant tank pressure control apparatus may further comprise a membrane pressure regulating assembly 22 disposed in parallel with the orifice plate plenum assembly 21, the membrane pressure regulating assembly 22 being in communication with the inlet of the tank 10 for increasing the pressure of the tank 10.
The orifice plate pressurizing assembly 21 and the film pressure regulating assembly 22 are arranged in parallel, so that when one pressurizing mode fails, the other pressurizing mode can still keep pressurizing work, and the operation stability of the propellant tank pressure control device is improved.
Referring to FIG. 1, in one embodiment, the membrane pressure regulating assembly 22 may include a pressure increasing and reducing valve source 221, a pressure increasing and reducing device 222, a membrane regulating valve 223, and a second pressure increasing and isolating valve 224, which are in communication in series; wherein, the air inlet end of the air source valve 221 of the pressure increasing reducer is communicated with the pressure increasing stop valve 23, and the air outlet end of the second pressure increasing isolation valve 224 is communicated with the air inlet of the storage tank 10.
In the ground test process of the liquid rocket engine, after the target tank pressure is reached, the pressure can be automatically adjusted to be controlled by the film regulating valve 223 in an orifice plate pressurization mode so as to stabilize the tank pressure. Specifically, the magnitude of the supercharging capacity of the supercharging line can be adjusted by setting the post-supercharging pressure-reducer 222 and the magnitude of the opening degree of the diaphragm regulating valve 223.
Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the pressure relief device 30 may include an emergency release valve 31 and a vent valve 32 disposed in parallel with the emergency release valve 31.
The emergency release valve 31 has a smaller diameter than the vent valve 32, and can achieve a slow pressure reduction. In addition, for the high-pressure hydrogen tank, when the pressure is released, if the flow rate is large, the risk of explosion occurs, so that the pressure needs to be released slowly with a small flow rate through the emergency release valve 31. For a hyperbaric chamber, rapid pressure relief is required during engine operation, at which time the vent valve 32 may be opened.
When the tank pressure needs to be reduced, the air release valves with different diameters can be selected according to the tank pressure value, the tank pressure reduction amplitude and the type of the medium of the storage tank 10. Generally, when the tank pressure is high, the emergency release valve 31 can be opened to release air at a low flow rate, so as to avoid other safety risks caused by excessive release air flow and excessive flow speed. When the tank pressure is low, the vent valve 32 can be opened to perform large-flow air release. When the tank pressure drops by a small amplitude, the emergency release valve 31 with a small drift diameter can be opened. When the tank pressure drops by a large margin, the vent valve 32 with a large drift diameter can be opened. For the pressure relief of the high-pressure hydrogen tank, the emergency release valve 31 is generally opened to prevent the accumulation of combustible gas, deflagration and even detonation caused by over-high flow rate when the diffusion at the outlet is not timely.
In an embodiment, the tank 10 may be provided with a safety valve 11 to prevent overpressure of the tank 10 in case of failure of the pressurization system.
The invention also provides a control method of the tank pressure of the propellant tank, which is based on the control device of the tank pressure of the propellant tank.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment of the invention, the propellant tank pressure control method comprises the steps of:
s10, when the pressure value of the storage tank needs to be stabilized, opening the membrane regulating valve, setting the outlet pressure value of the membrane regulating valve as a tank pressure value, respectively setting the switching threshold values of the first pressurizing valve and the second pressurizing valve, and setting the switching threshold values of the first pressurizing isolating valve and the second pressurizing isolating valve.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, mainly by controlling and adjusting the membrane adjusting valve 223, opening the membrane adjusting valve 223, setting the outlet pressure value of the membrane adjusting valve 223 as the tank pressure value, and setting the switching threshold values of the first pressure increasing valve 203 and the second pressure increasing valve 205, the pressure can still be maintained by the orifice plate pressurizing assembly 21 when the membrane adjusting valve 223 fails; setting the switching thresholds of the first boost isolation valve 216 and the second boost isolation valve 224 allows pressure to be maintained by the boost isolation valves when both of the above boosting modes fail. In the above manner, the tank pressure of the tank 10 can be stabilized to the target tank pressure value.
S20, when the storage tank needs to be pressurized, setting switching thresholds of the first booster valve to the fourth booster valve respectively to enable the switching thresholds to be distributed in a step shape; sequentially opening the first orifice plate to the fourth orifice plate; maintaining the first to fourth orifice plates in an open state simultaneously, and opening a rapid pressurization valve; and closing the fourth orifice plate to the second orifice plate in sequence, and keeping the first orifice plate to continuously pressurize to the rated pressure.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, pressurization is mainly performed by a pressurization valve and an orifice passage, and switching thresholds of a first pressurization valve 203 to a fourth pressurization valve 209 are respectively set and distributed in a step shape. In the initial pressurization stage, the four pressurization pore plate paths can be opened from small to large to participate in pressurization, so that the pipeline and the valve are prevented from being impacted by overlarge pressurization flow; in the middle section of pressurization, four ways of pressurization pore plate ways are simultaneously opened to participate in pressurization, and meanwhile, the quick pressurization valve 201 way can be selectively opened, so that the aim of quick pressurization can be achieved; at the pressurizing ending section, the four pressurizing hole plate paths can be closed from large to small in sequence, and finally only the smallest hole plate path is reserved to increase to the rated pressure, so that the problem of pressurizing overshoot can be effectively avoided. By the mode, the purpose of quick and stable pressurization can be achieved.
S30, when the pressure of the storage tank needs to be reduced, setting the opening of the membrane regulating valve to be 0, and closing the first to fourth pressure increasing valves and the rapid pressure increasing valve; opening a vent valve or an emergency release valve, and closing the vent valve or the emergency release valve when the pressure of the storage tank is reduced to a preset pressure value; wherein the preset pressure value is greater than the target tank pressure value.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the opening of the membrane control valve 223 is set to 0, the four-way pressurizing solenoid valve and the rapid pressurizing valve 201 are all closed, the tank 10 is not pressurized, the vent valve 32 or the emergency release valve 31 is opened when the pressure reduction starts, and the vent valve 32 or the emergency release valve 31 is commanded to close when the pressure is reduced to a value higher than the target tank pressure in order to avoid the tank pressure from being excessively reduced in consideration of the delay in closing the vent valve 32 or the emergency release valve 31.
In the following description, reference will be made to specific cases, in which the inlet pressure of the oxygen pump of the engine is required to be changed during a certain rocket engine ground test as follows: and when the pressure is between 0 and 50s, the inlet pressure is 0.49MPa, the inlet pressure is increased from 0.49MPa to 2.65MPa after 50s, the inlet pressure is maintained for 50s after reaching 2.65MPa, and finally the inlet pressure is reduced to 1.2MPa and is maintained until 750s of engine shutdown.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, according to the test requirements, for the pressurization device 20, the pipeline of the pressurized gas provided by the propellant tank pressure control device is DN80 pipeline, the gas source pressure is 19MPa, the pipeline of the orifice plate pressurization component 21 is DN25, the diameter of the throat of the first orifice plate 202 is 8.78mm, the diameter of the throat of the second orifice plate 204 is 12.42mm, the diameter of the throat of the third orifice plate 206 is 13.04mm, the diameter of the throat of the fourth orifice plate 208 is 18.44mm, the rapid pressure increase is a pneumatic valve with a drift diameter of 80mm, the outlet pressure adjustment value of the pressurization reducer 222 is 6MPa, the outlet pressure adjustment value of the membrane regulating valve 223 is set according to different periods of the primary stage, and the pressure control value of the pressurization solenoid valve is also set according to different periods of the engine working process. For the pressure relief device 30, the emergency bleed valve 31 is DN40 and the vent valve 32 is DN300. The control method for the tank pressure of the propellant tank comprises the following steps:
when the pressure of the inlet is maintained to be 0.49MPa in 0-50 s, the pressure is mainly controlled and adjusted by the membrane regulating valve 223, according to the target value of the oxygen inlet pressure of 0.49MPa, the flow resistance of the pipeline from the tank pressure to the oxygen inlet of the engine is considered to be 0.2MPa, the first target tank pressure value is set to be 0.69MPa, namely the outlet pressure of the membrane regulating valve 223 is 0.69MPa, meanwhile, the switching thresholds of the first booster valve 203 (corresponding to the first orifice plate 202) and the second booster valve 205 (corresponding to the second orifice plate 204) can be set, so that the pressure can still be maintained by the booster orifice plate assembly when the membrane regulating valve 223 fails, and the switching thresholds of the first booster isolating valve 216 and the second booster isolating valve 224 can be set, so that the pressure can be maintained by the booster isolating valve when the two boosting modes fail.
When the inlet pressure is increased from 0.49MPa to 2.65MPa, the second target tank pressure value is set to be 2.9MPa by considering the flow resistance (in the example, the flow resistance of the pipeline is 0.25MPa when the pressure is 2.65 MPa). Firstly, the opening degree of the film regulating valve 223 can be increased and maintained at 95% opening degree, the pressurization process is mainly carried out by 4 pressurizing orifice plate pipelines, and the opening and closing threshold values of the first pressurizing valve 203 (corresponding to the first orifice plate 202) are set to be 0.69MPa and 2.9MPa (namely, the first pressurizing valve is opened when being less than 0.69MPa and is closed when being more than 2.9MPa, the same applies below); the opening and closing thresholds of the second pressure-increasing valve 205 (corresponding to the second orifice plate 204) are 0.79MPa and 2.8MPa, the opening and closing thresholds of the third pressure-increasing valve 207 (corresponding to the third orifice plate 206) are 0.89MPa and 2.7MPa, and the opening and closing thresholds of the fourth pressure-increasing valve 209 (corresponding to the fourth orifice plate 208) are 0.99MPa and 2.6MPa. The switching thresholds of the first boost isolation valve 216 and the second boost isolation valve 224 are 2.8MPa and 3.1MPa.
After the inlet pressure reaches 2.65MPa, 50s needs to be maintained, the target tank pressure value is still maintained at 2.9MPa, the outlet pressure of the membrane regulating valve 223 can be set to be 2.9MPa, in the process, the membrane regulating valve 223 is mainly used for maintaining the pressure of the stable section, the switching thresholds of the first pressure increasing valve 203 and the second pressure increasing valve 205 can be set, so that the pressure can still be maintained by the pressure increasing pore plate assembly when the membrane regulating valve 223 fails, and the switching thresholds of the first pressure increasing isolating valve 216 and the second pressure increasing isolating valve 224 are set, so that the pressure can be maintained by the pressure increasing isolating valves when the two pressure increasing modes fail.
When the inlet pressure is reduced from 2.65MPa to 1.2MPa, the third target tank pressure value is set to be 1.42MPa by considering the flow resistance (corresponding to the pipeline flow resistance of 0.22MPa when 1.2MPa is adopted in the example), the opening degree of the membrane adjusting valve 223 can be set to be 0 as the initial opening degree, the 4-way pressurizing electromagnetic valve and the rapid pressurizing valve 201 are all closed, the storage tank 10 is not pressurized, and the vent valve 32 is opened when the pressure reduction is started. Considering the time required for DN300 to close the vent valve 32, the control system issues a vent valve 32 close command when it falls to 1.8 MPa.
Finally, when the inlet pressure of 1.2MPa needs to be maintained, the membrane regulating valve 223 is mainly used for controlling, the target tank pressure value is still maintained at 1.42MPa, the outlet pressure of the membrane regulating valve 223 is set at 1.42MPa, and the switching thresholds of the first pressurizing valve 203 and the second pressurizing valve 205 are set, so that the pressure can still be maintained by the pressurizing orifice plate when the membrane regulating valve 223 fails, and meanwhile, the switching thresholds of the first pressurizing isolation valve 216 and the second pressurizing isolation valve 224 can be set, so that the pressure can be maintained by the pressurizing isolation valves when the two pressurizing modes fail.
Referring to fig. 1, a measurement system corresponding to the propellant tank pressure control device is provided with two pressure measurement points, wherein P1 is an air source pressure measurement point, P2 is a tank 10 pressure measurement point, and P2 is arranged at the bottom of the tank 10 to avoid the influence caused by the liquid level reduction of the tank 10 in the working process of the engine; in addition, the inlet of the rocket motor is provided with a pressure measuring point P3. Through experimental verification, the final tank pressure adjusting value P2 and the engine inlet pressure value P3 refer to fig. 3, the difference value between the P2 and the P3 is the flow resistance of the pipeline, the tank pressure adjusting value is basically consistent with the target value, the advantages of two pressurization modes are fully utilized, the pressurization section and the pressure relief section are adjusted rapidly, the tank pressure in the stabilization section is controlled stably, and the target adjustment effect is achieved.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, which are within the spirit of the present invention, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A propellant tank pressure control apparatus comprising:
a storage tank;
the supercharging device comprises a plurality of paths of pore plate supercharging components which are arranged in parallel, and the pore plate supercharging components are communicated with the air inlet of the storage tank and used for increasing the pressure of the storage tank; and
and the pressure relief device is communicated with the air outlet of the storage tank and is used for reducing the pressure of the storage tank.
2. The propellant tank pressure control arrangement of claim 1 wherein the pressurization means further comprises at least one pressurization shut-off valve, the inlet end of the pressurization shut-off valve adapted to receive pressurized gas, the outlet end of the pressurization shut-off valve in communication with the orifice plate pressurization assembly.
3. The propellant tank pressure control arrangement of claim 2 wherein the multiple orifice pressurization package comprises: the first pressurization isolation valve is a first pressurization pipeline, a second pressurization pipeline, a third pressurization pipeline, a fourth pressurization pipeline and a fifth pressurization pipeline which are arranged in parallel; the air outlet ends of the first pressurization pipeline, the second pressurization pipeline, the third pressurization pipeline, the fourth pressurization pipeline and the fifth pressurization pipeline are communicated with the first pressurization isolation valve, and the air outlet end of the first pressurization isolation valve is communicated with the air inlet of the storage tank.
4. The propellant tank pressure control arrangement of claim 3 wherein said first pressurization line includes a rapid pressurization valve, one end of said rapid pressurization valve being in communication with said pressurization shut-off valve and the other end of said rapid pressurization valve being in communication with said first pressurization isolation valve;
the second pressurization pipeline comprises a first orifice plate and a first pressurization valve communicated with the first orifice plate, the air inlet end of the first orifice plate is communicated with the pressurization stop valve, and the air outlet end of the first pressurization valve is communicated with the first pressurization isolation valve;
the third pressurization pipeline comprises a second orifice plate and a second pressurization valve communicated with the second orifice plate, the air inlet end of the second orifice plate is communicated with the pressurization stop valve, and the air outlet end of the second pressurization valve is communicated with the first pressurization isolation valve;
the fourth pressurization pipeline comprises a third orifice plate and a third pressurization valve communicated with the third orifice plate, the air inlet end of the third orifice plate is communicated with the pressurization stop valve, and the air outlet end of the third pressurization valve is communicated with the first pressurization isolation valve;
the fifth pressurization pipeline comprises a fourth orifice plate and a fourth pressurization valve communicated with the fourth orifice plate, the air inlet end of the fourth orifice plate is communicated with the pressurization stop valve, and the air outlet end of the fourth pressurization valve is communicated with the first pressurization isolation valve.
5. The propellant tank pressure control arrangement of claim 4 wherein the throat diameters of the first orifice plate through the fourth orifice plate are stepped in size, wherein the throat diameter of the first orifice plate is the smallest and the throat diameter of the fourth orifice plate is the largest.
6. A propellant tank pressure control arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 5 further including a membrane pressure regulating assembly disposed in parallel with the orifice plate pressurisation assembly, the membrane pressure regulating assembly communicating with the inlet of the tank for stabilising the pressure in the tank.
7. The propellant tank pressure control system of claim 6 wherein the membrane pressure regulating assembly comprises a pressure reducer gas source valve, a pressure reducer, a membrane regulating valve and a second pressure isolation valve in serial communication; the air inlet end of the air source valve of the pressure-increasing pressure reducer is communicated with the pressure-increasing stop valve, and the air outlet end of the second pressure-increasing isolation valve is communicated with the air inlet of the storage tank.
8. A propellant tank pressure control arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the pressure relief means comprises an emergency bleed valve and a vent valve arranged in parallel with the emergency bleed valve.
9. The propellant tank pressure control device of claim 8 wherein the tank is provided with a relief valve.
10. A method for controlling tank pressure of a propellant tank, based on the apparatus for controlling tank pressure of a propellant tank according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s10, when the pressure value of the storage tank needs to be stabilized, opening a membrane regulating valve, setting the outlet pressure value of the membrane regulating valve as a tank pressure value, respectively setting the switching threshold values of a first pressurization valve and a second pressurization valve, and setting the switching threshold values of the first pressurization isolating valve and the second pressurization isolating valve;
s20, when the storage tank needs to be pressurized, setting switching thresholds of the first booster valve to the fourth booster valve respectively to enable the switching thresholds to be distributed in a step shape; sequentially opening the first orifice plate to the fourth orifice plate; maintaining the first to fourth orifice plates in an open state simultaneously, and opening a rapid pressurization valve; closing the fourth orifice plate to the second orifice plate in sequence, and keeping the first orifice plate to be continuously pressurized to a rated pressure;
s30, when the pressure of the storage tank needs to be reduced, setting the opening degree of the membrane regulating valve to be 0, and closing the first pressure increasing valve, the fourth pressure increasing valve and the rapid pressure increasing valve; opening a vent valve or an emergency release valve, and closing the vent valve or the emergency release valve when the pressure of the storage tank is reduced to a preset pressure value; wherein the preset pressure value is greater than the target tank pressure value.
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