CN115305300A - Mixed fuel for sintering ingredients during switching period of full coke and full coal - Google Patents
Mixed fuel for sintering ingredients during switching period of full coke and full coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN115305300A CN115305300A CN202211045773.2A CN202211045773A CN115305300A CN 115305300 A CN115305300 A CN 115305300A CN 202211045773 A CN202211045773 A CN 202211045773A CN 115305300 A CN115305300 A CN 115305300A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
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Abstract
A mixed fuel for sintering ingredients during switching of full coke and full coal comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: coke or anthracite with a particle size of 3 to 0.5 mm: 85-90%, waste activated carbon with granularity less than or equal to 0.5 mm: 10 to 15 percent. In the period of switching between the whole coke and the whole coal, the content of ferrous oxide in the produced sinter is not less than 7.5wt%, the drum index is not less than 78, the energy consumption is reduced, the product percent of pass is improved, and the switching is smoothly carried out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sintered ore and a burden of the sintered ore, in particular to a mixed fuel for sintering burden during switching of full coke and full coal.
Background
At present, solid fuels for domestic sintering production are single fuels, and generally take coke powder as a main fuel and anthracite as an auxiliary fuel. The anthracite has relatively small porosity and high density compared with coke powder, and has poor reactivity. And the pulverized coal has the defects of poor granularity controllability, low heat value, non-uniform combustion speed and the like during crushing. The coke powder and the coal powder have great difference in fixed carbon content, ash content, volatile matter and the like, and different adding modes and adding proportions thereof have great influence on the sinter. The proper dosage, grain size composition, distribution and the influence on the sintering process are obviously different in the sintering process. In daily production practice, coal coke materials are frequently switched, namely, the phenomenon of mixing coal coke powder frequently occurs. Due to the long sintering material line, the coal coke mixing time can even be as long as 24 hours in the switching process without pretreatment. Because of the difference of the anthracite and the coke powder, the quality of the sinter fluctuates during the mixing period, the drum index of the sinter is reduced, and the qualification rate of the sinter entering the furnace is influenced.
At present, small-particle waste active carbon powder collected by a desulfurization and denitrification device for flue gas of a sintering machine is mainly used for blast furnace coal blending injection, replaces part of coke and provides part of C sources for iron carburizing. However, compared with coal dust, the combustion value and combustible carbon of the waste activated carbon powder are low, so that the requirements of a blast furnace on fuel are difficult to achieve. In order to increase the recovery rate of the waste activated carbon powder, attempts have been made to use the waste activated carbon powder for sintering, but there is a problem that the sintering rate of the sintered ore is low. After retrieval, a using method of directly using the activated carbon powder as fuel for sintering is not found.
The reactivity, particle size, and other external conditions of the fuel will all affect the combustion rate of the fuel. In order to fully utilize the combustion heat of the fuel and improve the fuel utilization rate, the particle size and the particle size distribution of the fuel need to be reasonably selected. The too fine fuel will burn rapidly and prematurely during sintering, resulting in an increase in the CO content of the exhaust gas, thereby causing latent heat loss; too coarse fuel is not completely combusted after passing through the combustion zone and is not fully utilized in the sintering reaction. In a word, the granularity of the fuel is analyzed to be in an optimal range, and the utilization rate of the fuel is improved.
The waste activated carbon powder is small-particle waste activated carbon powder which falls off in the process that activated carbon in the flue gas purification device moves downwards under the action of gravity and a tower bottom discharging device in the desulfurization and denitrification processes. The activated carbon powder is characterized by very small particle size, so that the activated carbon powder is difficult to sinter and utilize. The heating value of the waste active carbon powder is smaller than that of the coke powder, and the excessive proportion can cause the heat to be insufficient to complete the sintering process of the sintering mixture; the proportion of the waste active carbon powder is too small, the recycling rate of the waste active carbon powder is low, the waste active carbon powder is matched with coke powder and anthracite, the uniform distribution of the particle size is difficult to achieve, and the effect of improving the finished product rate of sinter is not obvious. Since the proportion of fuel is constant. The mixed fuel is combusted in the sintering process to provide sintering conditions. If the proportion of the fuel is too large, the sintered ore with excessive melting, large pores, thin walls or low porosity is easily generated, and at the moment, the yield of the sintered ore is low, the reducibility is poor, and the strength is also poor; if the proportion of the fuel is too small, the crystallinity of the iron ore raw material is poor, the drum index of the prepared sinter ore is low, the strength is poor, and the strength can not meet the requirement of molten iron smelting.
Through literature search, the application number: CN201810664410.4, a method for treating waste desulfurizer applied to sintering, the invention discloses a method for treating waste desulfurizer applied to sintering, comprising the following steps: crushing the waste desulfurizer into particles with the particle size of 100 percent less than 8mm and 10 percent less than 1 mm; uniformly mixing the crushed waste desulfurizer with iron ore powder to obtain mixed powder; adding water into the sintered and uniformly mixed powder, mixing and granulating to obtain a granulating material; the granulated material is sintered to obtain sintered ore, so that the waste desulfurizer is subjected to harmless treatment, and the resource utilization of the waste desulfurizer is realized. The recycling of the waste desulfurizer can be effectively improved, and compared with activated carbon powder, the desulfurizer has coarse particles and can be used for sintering after being crushed. Application No.: CN202010551157.9, a method for sintering waste active carbon powder, a sintering mixture and a sintering ore, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for sintering waste active carbon powder, a sintering mixture and a sintering ore, wherein the waste active carbon powder is generated when activated carbon purifies sintering flue gas, and the method comprises the following steps of mixing the waste active carbon powder and coke powder according to a mass ratio of 12-37.8:62.2-88 to obtain sintered fuel; the granularity of the waste activated carbon powder is less than or equal to 3mm, wherein the mass fraction of the granularity less than 0.5mm is 70-80%; the granularity of the coke powder is less than or equal to 8mm, wherein the mass fraction of the granularity less than 0.5mm is 10-5%; mixing the sintering fuel, the iron ore powder to be sintered and a solvent to obtain a sintering mixture; the mass ratio of the sintering fuel to the iron ore powder to be sintered is 3-6:75-90; after the sintering mixture is granulated and used for sintering, the method of the invention has the advantages that the sintering rate can reach 88.87 percent, and the finished product rate of the sintering ore can reach 5363 percent76.44 percent, the prepared sintering ore has good metallurgical performance, the drum strength is more than 81 percent, and the flue gas SO is discharged 2 The concentration is not more than 38mg/m 3 NOx concentration not exceeding 94mg/m 3 (ii) a Meanwhile, the secondary utilization of the waste active carbon powder is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides the mixed fuel for sintering ingredients in the switching period of the full coke and the full coal, wherein the content of ferrous oxide in the produced sintering ore is not lower than 7.5%, the barrate index is not lower than 78%, the energy consumption is reduced, the product percent of pass is improved, and the switching is smoothly carried out.
The measures for realizing the aim are as follows:
a hybrid fuel for sintering burden during full coke to full coal switching, comprising: the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: coke or anthracite with a particle size of 3 to 0.5 mm: 85-90%, waste activated carbon with granularity less than or equal to 0.5 mm: 10 to 15 percent.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the coke or anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm is added into the raw material, and the percentage of the components is 15-20%.
It is characterized in that: when the coke or anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm is added into the raw material composition and the composition percentage is 15-20%, the coke or anthracite with the granularity of 3-0.5 mm is 65-75%, and the percentage of the waste active carbon with the granularity of less than or equal to 0.5mm participates in the burdening is unchanged.
Preferably: the composition percentage of the coke or anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm is 17-20%.
Preferably: the coke or anthracite with the granularity of 3-0.5 mm accounts for 68-75 percent.
It is characterized in that: the requirements in the ingredients are as follows: the coke with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm is combined with the anthracite with the granularity of 3-0.5 mm, and the anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm is combined with the coke with the granularity of 3-0.5 mm.
It is characterized in that: the percentage of the mixed fuel participating in the sintering burdening is 3.5-4.5%.
The action and mechanism of each raw material and main process in the invention
The invention controls 85-90% of coke or anthracite with the granularity of 3-0.5 mm, or controls 65-75% of coke or anthracite with the granularity of 3-0.5 mm, preferably 68-75% of coke or anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm, because the fuel consumption is controlled in a reasonable range, the fuel consumption is too high, the oxygen potential of a material layer is low, the generation of needle calcium ferrite is not facilitated, and the FeO of sintered ore is high and the reducibility is reduced. If the fuel consumption is too low, the heat is insufficient, the quality of the sintered ore is reduced, the crystallinity of the iron ore raw material is poor, the drum index of the prepared sintered ore is low, the strength is poor, and the strength can not meet the requirements of molten iron smelting.
The invention controls the content of the waste activated carbon with the granularity of less than or equal to 0.5mm to be 10-15 percent, because the economic value is not obvious when the content of the added activated carbon powder is less than 10 percent, and the granularity of the comprehensive fuel is fine when the content of the added activated carbon powder is more than 15 percent, and the quality of the produced sintered mineral product can not meet the production requirement.
The invention controls the content of coke or anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm to be 15-20% because the fuel consumption is controlled in a reasonable range, the fuel consumption is too high, the oxygen potential of a material layer is low, the generation of needle-shaped calcium ferrite is not facilitated, and the FeO of sintered ore is high and the reducibility is reduced. If the fuel consumption is too low, the heat is insufficient, the quality of the sintered ore is reduced, the crystallinity of the iron ore raw material is poor, the drum index of the prepared sintered ore is low, the strength is poor, and the strength can not meet the requirements of molten iron smelting.
When coke or anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm is added, the invention requires the following ingredients: the coke with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm is combined with the anthracite with the granularity of 3-0.5 mm, and the anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm is combined with the coke with the granularity of 3-0.5 mm, so that the proportion of the granularity of 3-0.5 mm in the mixed fuel is controlled to be 70% -80%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that during the switching period of the whole coke and the whole coal (sometimes more than 24 hours), the content of the ferrous oxide of the produced sintering ore (product) is not less than 7.5wt%, the drum index is not less than 78, the energy consumption is reduced, the product percent of pass is improved, and the switching is smoothly carried out.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below:
tables 1 and 2 show the composition of the raw materials in the examples of the present invention
TABLE 1 chemical composition of raw materials (wt%)
TABLE 2 moisture and particle size composition (wt%) of fuels
Example 1
A mixed fuel for sintering ingredients during switching of full coke and full coal comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3 mm: 18%, coke with a particle size of 3 to 0.5 mm: 68 percent, waste activated carbon with the granularity less than or equal to 0.5 mm: 14 percent.
Taking the mixed fuel of 4wt% and conventional raw materials, namely iron-containing raw materials: 53.5%, return fines: 30%, limestone: 6 percent, dolomite: 4.5%, quicklime: 2 percent of the mixture is evenly mixed, added with water for granulation, and sintered ore is obtained after conventional sintering.
In this example, the sintered ore containing 7.64% ferrous oxide and 79.8 of drum index was tested in 20 hours from the smooth switch from full coke to full coal. The performance of the composite sintered ore meets the index requirements of the composite sintered ore.
Example 2
A mixed fuel for sintering ingredients during switching of full coke and full coal comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3 mm: 16%, coke with a particle size of 3 to 0.5 mm: 73 percent, waste activated carbon with the granularity less than or equal to 0.5 mm: 11 percent.
Taking the 3.5wt% of mixed fuel and conventional raw materials, namely iron-containing raw materials: 54% and return fines: 30%, limestone: 6 percent, dolomite: 4.5%, quicklime: 2 percent of the raw materials are evenly mixed, added with water for granulation, and sintered by a conventional method to obtain sintered ore.
In this example, the sintered ore obtained in 18 hours of the smooth switch from the full coke to the full coke contains 7.51% ferrous oxide and 77.8% drum index. The ferrous oxide and the barrate index of the fuel obviously decrease, but the performance of the fuel is barely in line with the index requirement of sinter, which indicates that the proportion of the fuel is not suitable to decrease.
Example 3
A mixed fuel for sintering ingredients during the switching period of full coke and full coal comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3 mm: 18%, coke powder with particle size of 3 to 0.5 mm: 70 percent, waste activated carbon with the granularity less than or equal to 0.5 mm: 12 percent.
Taking the mixed fuel of 4.5wt% and conventional raw materials, namely iron-containing raw materials: 53 percent, return fines: 30%, limestone: 6 percent of dolomite: 4.5%, quicklime: 2 percent of the raw materials are evenly mixed, added with water for granulation, and sintered by a conventional method to obtain sintered ore.
In the present example, the iron oxide content of the sintered ore was 9.8% and the drum index was 81.2 in 12 hours from the smooth switching from full coke to full coal. The performance of the material meets the index requirements of sintered ores. However, at this time, the fuel consumption is higher, the oxygen potential of the material layer is low, which is not favorable for the generation of needle-like calcium ferrite, and the FeO of the sintering ore is higher, the reducibility is reduced, which indicates that the fuel ratio is not suitable to be increased.
Example 4
A mixed fuel for sintering ingredients during switching of full coke and full coal comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: coke with a particle size of 3mm or more: 15%, anthracite coal with the granularity of 3 to 0.5 mm: 71 percent, waste activated carbon with the granularity less than or equal to 0.5 mm: 14 percent.
Taking the mixed fuel of 4.1wt% and conventional raw materials, namely iron-containing raw materials: 53.4%, return fines: 30%, limestone: 6 percent of dolomite: 4.5%, quicklime: 2 percent of the mixture is evenly mixed, added with water for granulation, and sintered ore is obtained after conventional sintering.
According to the detection, in 10 hours when the whole coal is smoothly switched to the whole coke, the prepared sintering ore contains 7.64 percent of ferrous oxide and 78.8 percent of rotary drum index, and the performance of the sintering ore meets the index requirement of the sintering ore.
Example 5
A mixed fuel for sintering ingredients during switching of full coke and full coal comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: coke with a particle size of 3mm or more: 17%, anthracite coal with the particle size of 3 to 0.5 mm: 70 percent, waste activated carbon with the granularity less than or equal to 0.5 mm: 13 percent.
Taking the 3.8wt% of mixed fuel and conventional raw materials, namely iron-containing raw materials: 53.7%, return fines: 30%, limestone: 6 percent of dolomite: 4.5%, quicklime: 2 percent of the mixture is evenly mixed, added with water for granulation, and sintered ore is obtained after conventional sintering.
According to the detection, in the 15 hours when the whole coal is smoothly switched to the whole coke, the ferrous oxide content of the prepared sintering ore is 7.56%, the drum index is 78.6, and the performance of the sintering ore meets the index requirement of the sintering ore.
Comparative example 6
A mixed fuel for sintering ingredients during the switching period of full coke and full coal comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3 mm: 26%, anthracite coal with the particle size of 3 to 0.5 mm: 52 percent, anthracite with the granularity less than or equal to 0.5 mm: 22 percent.
Taking the mixed fuel of 4.3wt% and conventional raw materials, namely iron-containing raw materials: 53.2%, return fines: 30%, limestone: 6 percent of dolomite: 4.5%, quicklime: 2 percent of the mixture is evenly mixed, added with water for granulation, and sintered ore is obtained after conventional sintering.
According to the detection, in 14 hours when the full coke is smoothly switched to the full coal, the prepared sintering ore contains 9.21 percent of ferrous oxide and has a drum index of 81.3, and the performance of the sintering ore meets the index requirement of the sintering ore.
The present embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.
Claims (7)
1. A hybrid fuel for sintering burden during full coke to full coal switching, characterized by: the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: coke or anthracite with a particle size of 3 to 0.5 mm: 85-90%, waste activated carbon with the granularity less than or equal to 0.5 mm: 10 to 15 percent.
2. The fuel blend for sintering a batch during a full coke to full coal switch of claim 1, wherein: the coke or anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm is added into the raw material, and the percentage of the components is 15-20%.
3. A fuel blend for use in sintering of a batch during a full coke to full coal switch as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein: when the coke or anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm is added into the raw material, the percentage of the coke or anthracite with the granularity of between 3 and 0.5mm is between 15 and 20 percent, the percentage of the coke or anthracite with the granularity of between 65 and 75 percent, and the percentage of the waste activated carbon with the granularity of less than or equal to 0.5mm participating in the batching are not changed.
4. A fuel blend for use in sintering a batch during a full coke to full coal switch as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the composition percentage of the coke or anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm is 17-20%.
5. A fuel blend for use in sintering a batch during a full coke to full coal switch as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the coke or anthracite with the granularity of 3-0.5 mm accounts for 68-75 percent.
6. A fuel blend for use in sintering a batch during a full coke to full coal switch as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the requirements in the ingredients are as follows: the coke with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm is combined with the anthracite with the granularity of 3-0.5 mm, and the anthracite with the granularity of more than or equal to 3mm is combined with the coke with the granularity of 3-0.5 mm.
7. A fuel blend for use in sintering of a batch during a full coke to full coal switch as claimed in claim 1 or 3 wherein: the percentage of the mixed fuel participating in the sintering burdening is 3.5-4.5%.
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2022
- 2022-08-30 CN CN202211045773.2A patent/CN115305300A/en active Pending
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| SU562508A1 (en) * | 1974-07-03 | 1977-06-25 | Институт горючих ископаемых | The method of obtaining spherical carbon sorbents |
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| CN114395702A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-26 | 杭州网新晟致环境有限公司 | Process for recycling waste activated carbon in oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool smelting furnace |
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