CN115289889A - Irregular snowflake type fin phase change heat storage device - Google Patents
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 241000533950 Leucojum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013210 evaluation model Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003471 inorganic composite material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/40—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
The invention discloses an irregular snowflake type fin phase change heat storage device which comprises an HTF runner, a heat storage device inner tube shell, irregular snowflake type structure fins, PCM heat storage materials and a heat storage device shell, wherein the HTF runner is formed in the heat storage device inner tube shell in a hollow mode, the irregular snowflake type structure fins are connected to the outside of the heat storage device inner tube shell, the heat storage device shell is sleeved on the outer sides of the irregular snowflake type structure fins, PCM heat storage materials are filled in gaps formed by the irregular snowflake type structure fins and the heat storage device shell, the heat of the HTF is rapidly transmitted to the PCM heat storage materials through the irregular snowflake type structure fins, the phase change latent heat is utilized for storing the heat energy, and then the stored heat energy is utilized for subsequent heat exchange. The invention has simple structure, convenient processing and low cost, and adds irregular snowflake fins between the PCM heat storage material and the inner tube shell to strengthen the heat exchange process between cold and hot fluid and the phase-change material, thereby realizing the high-efficiency heat exchange among the cold fluid, the hot fluid and the solid-liquid phase-change material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a phase change heat storage device, in particular to an irregular snowflake type fin horizontal phase change heat storage device capable of efficiently exchanging heat.
Background
The phase change heat storage is to store the residual heat of human in production and life by using the latent heat of PCM, such as solar energy, valley electricity, industrial residual heat and the like, and then release the residual heat in different spaces or different time to realize the effect of shifting peaks and filling valleys, so that the waste of energy can be reduced. The phase change heat storage technology is low in price, and is a key development object of a waste heat recovery technology due to the fact that a wide range of PCM materials are distributed, the phase change materials can be divided into organic materials, inorganic materials and composite materials according to the attributes of the phase change materials, the properties such as latent heat and phase change temperature of the phase change materials are mainly considered when the proper PCM materials are selected, a casing latent heat storage technology (LHTES) is the most common technology in latent heat storage at present, in a latent heat storage system, due to the fact that the heat conduction performance of the PCM is poor, how to improve the structure of a device to improve the melting performance of the PCM is achieved, and the fact that heat in HTF is stored into the PCM quickly and efficiently to achieve efficient heat exchange is always a hot point of research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide an irregular snowflake type fin horizontal phase change heat storage device with efficient heat exchange.
The technical scheme is as follows: the device comprises an HTF runner, a heat storage device inner tube shell, irregular snowflake-shaped structural fins, PCM heat storage materials and a heat storage device shell, wherein the heat storage device inner tube shell is hollow to form the HTF runner, the irregular snowflake-shaped structural fins are connected with the outside of the heat storage device inner tube shell, the heat storage device shell is sleeved on the outer sides of the irregular snowflake-shaped structural fins, the PCM heat storage materials are filled in gaps formed by the irregular snowflake-shaped structural fins and the heat storage device shell, the heat of the HTF is quickly transmitted to the PCM heat storage materials through the irregular snowflake-shaped structural fins, the PCM heat storage materials are melted, the phase-change latent heat is utilized to store heat energy, and then the stored heat energy is utilized to carry out subsequent heat exchange.
Furthermore, the irregular snowflake-shaped structure fins are 8 longitudinal fins in total, the lower area of the LHTES is reasonably encrypted by using the fin distribution angle alpha according to the nature of natural convection when the PCM heat storage material is melted, and the optimal fin distribution angle alpha when each thermodynamic index of the LHTES is optimal is obtained by a single-factor optimization method.
Further, a response surface method is utilized to optimize the geometrical size of the fins of the snowflake-shaped finned sleeve with the optimal shape and the optimal distribution angle of alpha, so that the length H, the thickness m and the branching angle theta of the fins of the LHTES with the optimal thermodynamic indexes are obtained, and further a heat storage formula and a melting time formula are obtained:
heat storage amount =725.63+2.12H-18.46m-0.5955 theta-4.56 Hm-1.74 Htheta +0.7162 mtheta +7.42H 2 +5.43m 2 +5.01θ 2
Melting time =195.5-47.01H-18.93m +12.04 theta +15.33Hm +1.9 Htheta-3.88 mtheta +21.9H 2 +8.92m 2 +8.35θ 2 。
Further, the evaluation model of the latent heat of phase change storage energy is as follows:
the ratio of the volume of PCM melted to the total PCM volume is expressed by the melting rate f:
in the formula v PCM The total volume of the PCM, lambda is the liquid fraction of the PCM at different stages, and A is the area of the bottom surface of the PCM;
theoretical total heat storage quantity Q of heat storage unit PCM Including PCM and casing heat storage volume, because the shared proportion of casing is very little can be ignored, according to the melting characteristic of PCM, the heat storage volume divide into solid-state sensible heat, latent heat and liquid sensible heat storage volume triplex, can show as:
Q PCM ＝m pcm [C P，S (T m -T ini )+ΔH+C P，l (T h -T m )]
wherein T is ini 、T m And T h Respectively initial temperature and phase transition temperatureDegree and heating temperature, m pcm Amount of phase change material, C P，S And C P，l Is the specific heat of the solid and liquid phases respectively, and Δ H is the latent enthalpy.
Further, the PCM heat storage material is a crystalline hydrated salt, paraffin or fatty acid phase-change material.
Further, the heat storage device shell is sleeved with a heat insulation material with a low heat conductivity coefficient.
Furthermore, sealing cover plates are arranged at two ends of the heat storage device inner tube shell and the heat storage device outer shell, and sealing rings are arranged between the sealing cover plates and the heat storage device inner tube shell and between the sealing cover plates and the heat storage device outer shell.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: simple structure, processing is convenient, low cost, add irregular snowflake form fin between PCM heat storage material and inner tube shell, the heat transfer process between cold and hot fluid and the phase change material has been reinforceed, make its heat that can transmit HTF fast give PCM, accomplish the storage of heat energy when accomplishing normal heat exchange, later recycle the heat energy of storing and carry out the preface heat transfer, thereby make it both remain the characteristics that shell and tube type heat-retaining device structure can carry out the heat exchange, again can make full use of phase change heat absorbing material energy storage's characteristic, thereby realized the cold fluid, the high-efficient heat transfer between hot-fluid and the solid-liquid phase change material three.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 (a) is a simplified schematic of a snowflake model;
(b) A schematic diagram of Fin-E Fin geometric dimension optimization is shown;
FIGS. 3 (a) - (F) are schematic diagrams of fins of horizontal latent heat systems of Fin-A, fin-B, fin-C, fin-D, fin-E and Fin-F in sequence;
FIG. 4 (a) is a plot of the average PCM temperature over time for Fin-A, B, C, D;
(b) The change curves of the liquid phase ratios of Fin-A, B, C and D are shown;
(c) The melting characteristic comparison graphs of Fin-A, B, C and D are shown;
FIG. 5 (a) is a plot of the average PCM temperature over time for Fin-D, E, F;
(b) The liquid fraction change curves of Fin-D, E and F are shown;
(c) The melting characteristics of Fin-D, E and F are shown in a comparison graph.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
The invention discloses a snowflake-shaped fin model, which is characterized in that a snowflake shape in the nature is modeled into a novel fin model, then the fin model is modified, a mother fin is removed, and an independent fin is designed and put into a horizontal latent heat energy storage system, as shown in figure 1. Since the formation of the snowflake is a thermodynamic process, simplifying the complex snowflake shape for fin heat exchange in the sleeve is a novel enhanced heat exchange method. The sleeve heat storage with the structure type can be widely applied to waste heat utilization of various industries and lives. The evolution process of the liquid phase velocity, the temperature distribution and the PCM natural convection of the phase-change material is intensively researched by utilizing numerical simulation. The method takes natural convection into consideration to make different shape optimization, utilizes a response surface method to carry out numerical optimization on fins with different geometric parameter structures, simultaneously uses two indexes (LHTES heat storage capacity and PCM melting time) to carry out comparative analysis, optimizes the optimal configuration, and also fits a mathematical equation corresponding to the optimized structure heat storage capacity and the melting time.
As shown in fig. 2 (a), the snowflake model is simplified into a fin-shaped model which is embedded in a concentric sleeve, the periphery of each fin is filled with PCM, the diameter phi 1 of an inner tube is 20mm, the diameter phi 2 of an outer tube is 70mm, the wall thickness of each tube is 1mm, snowflake-shaped fins are arranged on the periphery of the inner tube, 8 fins form the snowflake model, and then HTF flows from the inner tube to exchange heat with the PCM.
As shown in (a) - (f) of figure 3, the snowflake Fin optimization and Fin distribution angles are divided into six different cases, fin-A is a common heat storage sleeve, fin-B is a snowflake Fin sleeve, and the snowflake upper part fins are simplified into Fin-C and Fin-D for optimization analysis due to the existence of natural convection in the PCM melting process. Table 1 shows the size of the Fin model, the lower half of the horizontal latent heat system is more difficult to melt due to natural convection, and the Fin distribution angle α is uniformly set to 45 °,40 ° and 35 ° by using the negative direction of the Y axis as the central axis for encryption optimization, as shown in the two-dimensional schematic diagrams of Fin-D, fin-E and Fin-F.
Evaluation index scheme: the ratio of the volume of the PCM melted to the total PCM volume is expressed by the melting rate f.
In the formula v PCM Lambda is the liquid fraction of the PCM at different stages, and A is the PCM bottom surface area.
Theoretical total heat storage quantity Q of heat storage unit PCM The heat storage quantity of the PCM and the shell is small and negligible. According to the melting characteristic of the PCM, the heat storage quantity is divided into a solid sensible heat storage quantity, a latent heat storage quantity and a liquid sensible heat storage quantity 3 part, which can be expressed as follows:
Q PCM ＝m pcm [C P，S (T m -T ini )+ΔH+C P，l (T h -T m )]
in the formula: t is ini 、T m And T h Respectively, an initial temperature, a phase transition temperature and a heating temperature. m is pcm Amount of phase change material, C P，S And C P，l Is the specific heat of the solid and liquid phases respectively, and Δ H is the latent enthalpy.
From the above calculations, the following conclusions can be drawn:
(1) The horizontal type snowflake fin model increases the phase change heat transfer depth by expanding the heat transfer area, the integral natural uniform heat exchange of the PCM in the traditional rectangular fin structure is decomposed into the snowflake-shaped heat dissipation, the heat filling time is obviously shortened under the combined action mechanism of the snowflake-shaped fin pipeline structure and the phase change material local heat transfer, and compared with the traditional fin melting time, the heat filling time is reduced by 45.92 percent, as shown in (a) - (c) in fig. 4.
(2) Under the condition that the snowflake fin shape is not changed and the PCM effective volume is not changed, the optimal irregular snowflake fin distribution structure is optimized, the lower area of the LHTES is reasonably encrypted by using the fin distribution angle alpha according to the nature of natural convection when the PCM is melted, and the optimal thermodynamic indexes of the LHTES are found to be optimal when the optimal fin distribution angle alpha =40 degrees by a single-factor optimization method, as shown in (a) - (c) in FIG. 5.
(3) In order to maximize the comprehensive thermal performance of LHTES, the PCM melting time and the heat storage capacity of an LHTES system are taken as targets, the geometric dimension of the fins of the irregular snowflake Fin-shaped sleeve Fin-E with the optimal shape is optimized by using a Response Surface Method (RSM), and the result shows that the comprehensive thermal performance of LHTES is optimal when the length (H) of the fins is 13mm, the width (m) of the fins is 0.58mm and the angle (theta) of divergence of the fins is 40 degrees, as shown in figure 2 (b), compared with the Fin-E before optimization, the melting time is reduced by 10.13%, and the heat storage capacity of the LHTES is increased by 2.66%, so that certain guiding significance is provided for the engineering application of the horizontal LHTES system.
(4) Optimizing to obtain the following heat storage formula and melting time formula:
heat storage amount =725.63, 2.12H-18.46m-0.5955 theta-4.56 Hm-1.74 Htheta +0.7162 mtheta +7.42H 2 +5.43m 2 +5.01θ 2
Melting time =195.5-47.01H-18.93m +12.04 theta +15.33Hm +1.9 Htheta-3.88 mtheta +21.9H 2 +8.92m 2 +8.35θ 2
Wherein H is fin length (mm), m is fin thickness (mm), theta fin bifurcation angle (mm).
TABLE 1 Fin size
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an irregular snowflake formula fin phase change heat storage device which characterized in that: including HTF runner (1), heat storage device inner tube casing (2), irregular snowflake column structure fin (3), PCM heat accumulation material (4) and heat storage device shell (5), heat storage device inner tube casing (2) cavity forms HTF runner (1), and external connection has irregular snowflake column structure fin (3), irregular snowflake column structure fin (3) outside cover has heat storage device shell (5), fills PCM heat accumulation material (4) in the space that irregular snowflake column structure fin (3) and heat storage device shell (5) formed, and HTF's heat transmits PCM heat accumulation material (4) for fast through irregular snowflake column structure fin (3), and PCM heat accumulation material (4) melt utilizes phase transition latent heat to store heat energy, later recycles the heat energy of storage and carries out the subsequence heat transfer.
2. The irregular snowflake fin type phase-change thermal storage device according to claim 1, wherein: the irregular snowflake-shaped structural fins (3) comprise 8 longitudinal fins, the lower area of the LHTES is reasonably encrypted by using the fin distribution angle alpha according to the nature of natural convection when the PCM heat storage material (4) is melted, and the optimal fin distribution angle alpha when all thermodynamic indexes of the LHTES are optimal is obtained by a single-factor optimization method.
3. The irregular snowflake fin type phase-change thermal storage device according to claim 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps of optimizing the geometrical size of fins of the snowflake fin-shaped sleeve with the optimal shape and the optimal distribution angle of alpha by using a response surface method to obtain the length H of the fins, the thickness m of the fins and the branching angle theta of the fins when all thermodynamic indexes of LHTES are optimal, and further obtaining a heat storage formula and a melting time formula:
heat storage amount =725.63+2.12H-18.46m-0.5955 theta-4.56 Hm-1.74 Htheta +0.7162 mtheta +7.42H 2 +5.43m 2 +5.01θ 2
Melting time =195.5-47.01H-18.93m +12.04 theta +15.33Hm +1.9 Htheta-3.88 mtheta +21.9H 2 +8.92m 2 +8.35θ 2 。
4. The irregular snowflake type fin phase change thermal storage device according to claim 1, wherein: the evaluation model of the latent heat of phase change storage energy is as follows:
the ratio of the volume of the molten PCM to the total PCM volume is expressed by the melting rate f
In the formula v PCM Is the total volume of PCM, λThe liquid phase ratio of the PCM at different stages is shown, and A is the area of the bottom surface of the PCM;
theoretical total heat storage quantity Q of heat storage unit PCM Including PCM and casing heat storage volume, because the shared proportion of casing is very little can be ignored, according to the melting characteristic of PCM, the heat storage volume divide into solid-state sensible heat, latent heat and liquid sensible heat storage volume triplex, can show as:
Q PCM ＝m pcm [C P，S (T m -T ini )+ΔH+C P，l (T h -T m )]
wherein: t is ini 、T m And T h Respectively, initial temperature, phase transition temperature and heating temperature, m pcm Amount of phase change material, C P，S And C P，l Is the specific heat of the solid and liquid phases respectively, and Δ H is the latent enthalpy.
5. The irregular snowflake fin type phase-change thermal storage device according to claim 1, wherein: the PCM heat storage material (4) is a crystalline hydrated salt, paraffin or fatty acid phase-change material.
6. The irregular snowflake fin type phase-change thermal storage device according to claim 1, wherein: the heat storage device shell (5) is sleeved with a heat insulation material with a lower heat conductivity coefficient.
7. The irregular snowflake fin type phase-change thermal storage device according to claim 1, wherein: and sealing cover plates are arranged at two ends of the heat storage device inner tube shell (2) and the heat storage device shell (5), and sealing rings are arranged between the sealing cover plates and the heat storage device inner tube shell (2) and the heat storage device shell (5).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116753761A (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-09-15 | 山东科技大学 | Horizontal phase change heat storage device with treelike bionic fins and design method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5181558A (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1993-01-26 | Matsushita Refrigeration Company | Heat exchanger |
| US20110030915A1 (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2011-02-10 | Frederick George Best | Improved latent heat storage device |
| US20120241122A1 (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-09-27 | BlueLagoon Energy Technologies Ltd | Methods and apparatus for latent heat (phase change) thermal storage and associated heat transfer and exchange |
| CN107941064A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-20 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of multi-phase change material divides chamber bushing type phase change heat accumulator |
| CN110375439A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-10-25 | 河北耀伏储能电器有限公司 | Interior electric heating phase-change accumulation energy bellows |
| CN113916037A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-11 | 江苏科技大学 | Snowflake-shaped fin phase-change heat storage device |
-
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5181558A (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1993-01-26 | Matsushita Refrigeration Company | Heat exchanger |
| US20110030915A1 (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2011-02-10 | Frederick George Best | Improved latent heat storage device |
| US20120241122A1 (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-09-27 | BlueLagoon Energy Technologies Ltd | Methods and apparatus for latent heat (phase change) thermal storage and associated heat transfer and exchange |
| CN107941064A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-20 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of multi-phase change material divides chamber bushing type phase change heat accumulator |
| CN110375439A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-10-25 | 河北耀伏储能电器有限公司 | Interior electric heating phase-change accumulation energy bellows |
| CN113916037A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-11 | 江苏科技大学 | Snowflake-shaped fin phase-change heat storage device |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116753761A (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-09-15 | 山东科技大学 | Horizontal phase change heat storage device with treelike bionic fins and design method |
| CN116753761B (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-11-14 | 山东科技大学 | Horizontal phase change heat storage device with treelike bionic fins and design method |
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| CN115289889B (en) | 2024-07-05 |
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