CN115287532B - Coating-free high-phosphorus high-performance weather-resistant steel and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Coating-free high-phosphorus high-performance weather-resistant steel and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 229910000870 Weathering steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical group C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 34
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 34
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017888 Cu—P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018054 Ni-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018481 Ni—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000206 health hazard Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B3/02—Rolling special iron alloys, e.g. stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/003—Cementite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of high-performance steel smelting, in particular to a coating-free high-phosphorus high-performance weather-resistant steel, a preparation method and application thereof; the chemical components of the weathering steel comprise: 0.020 to 0.040 percent of C, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of Si, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.60 percent of Cu, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of S, 0.10 to 0.15 percent of Ni, 0.25 to 0.55 percent of Cr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements; the method comprises the following steps: pretreating molten iron, and smelting to obtain molten steel; refining the molten steel, and then carrying out continuous casting to obtain a casting blank; rolling the casting blank to obtain low-cost high-phosphorus weather-resistant steel; the application comprises: using the weathering steel in a rural and/or industrial atmosphere; passivation film formed by high content of P and Cu covers the surface of weathering steel, thereby preventing SO in the atmosphere 2 Penetrating and further protecting the weathering steel.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of high-performance steel smelting, in particular to a coating-free high-phosphorus high-performance weather-resistant steel, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In order to prevent or reduce corrosion of steel, a coating or plating method is generally adopted to prolong the service life of the steel; at present, all aspects of house construction, bridges, electric power, communication towers and the like of a steel structure adopt a coating method, such as painting, electroplating or hot galvanizing. However, the existing surface spraying methods require anticorrosion coating maintenance every 3-5 years and re-anticorrosion coating every 10-15 years, and the coating process is easy to cause human health hazard and environmental pollution, and has the problems of higher coating cost and the like.
The popularization and application of the atmospheric corrosion resistant steel solve a series of problems, but the chemical components of the atmospheric corrosion resistant steel for the current engineering application generally adopt a Cr-Ni-Cu or Cu-P component system, the content of elements Cr, cu and Ni is higher, the content of P element is basically less than 0.10%, and the high content of Cr and Ni leads to the excessively high overall cost of the steel.
Therefore, how to provide low-cost atmospheric corrosion resistant steel is a technical problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a coating-free high-phosphorus high-performance weather-resistant steel, and a preparation method and application thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem that the preparation cost of the atmospheric corrosion-resistant steel in the prior art is too high.
In a first aspect, the application provides a coating-free high-phosphorus high-performance weathering steel, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
0.020 to 0.040 percent of C, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of Si, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.60 percent of Cu, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of S, 0.10 to 0.15 percent of Ni, 0.25 to 0.55 percent of Cr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
Optionally, the chemical composition of the weathering steel further includes:
0.2≤[Ni]/[P]≤0.5，0.25≤[Ni]/[Cu]≤0.5，0.1≤[Ni]/[Cr] -1/2 ≤0.2；
wherein [ Ni ] is the mass fraction of Ni, [ P ] is the mass fraction of P, [ Cu ] is the mass fraction of Cu, and [ Cr ] is the mass fraction of Cr.
Optionally, the metallographic structure of the weathering steel comprises, in volume fraction: ferrite: 98% -99% and tertiary cementite: 1 to 2 percent.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method of preparing the weathering steel of the first aspect, the method comprising:
pretreating molten iron, and smelting to obtain molten steel;
refining the molten steel, and then carrying out continuous casting to obtain a casting blank;
and rolling the casting blank to obtain the low-cost high-phosphorus weather-resistant steel.
Optionally, the refining comprises refining vacuum degassing, and the degassing time of the refining vacuum degassing is more than or equal to 15min.
Optionally, the continuous casting includes continuous casting with a ladle of molten steel under a preset target temperature, where the preset target temperature=liquidus temperature+a preset increase, and the preset increase is 10 ℃ to 40 ℃.
Optionally, the thickness of the low-cost high-phosphorus weathering steel is 3 mm-10 mm.
Optionally, the diameter of the steel coil of the low-cost high-phosphorus weather-resistant steel is 5-12 mm.
In a third aspect, the present application provides the use of the weathering steel of the first aspect in a rural and/or industrial atmosphere.
Optionally, the rural atmosphere and the industrial atmosphere both satisfy: the annual average chloride ion deposition rate is less than or equal to 0.03mdd, and 0.24mdd is less than the annual average sulfur dioxide deposition rate is less than 2.0mdd.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
according to the coating-free high-phosphorus high-performance weathering steel provided by the embodiment of the application, the P and Cu elements in the weathering steel are matched, the passivation film is formed by using the high-content P and Cu with the mass fraction of 0.25% -0.50%, and the formed passivation film can cover the surface of the weathering steel, SO that SO in the atmospheric environment is blocked 2 Penetrating, thereby protecting the weathering steel and meeting the requirements of strong radiation and high SO 2 The corrosion resistance requirement of the concentration atmospheric environment characteristics is met, so that high-content P is utilized to replace expensive Ni, and the low-cost preparation of the weathering steel is realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure diagram of the weathering steel prepared in the examples;
FIG. 3 is a phosphorus segregation diagram of a weathering steel casting blank provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing phosphorus segregation with 75% rolling deformation of a weathering steel casting blank according to the example of the present application;
fig. 5 is a phosphorus segregation diagram of 95% of rolling deformation of a weathering steel casting blank according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
In one embodiment of the application, a coating-free high-phosphorus high-performance weathering steel is provided, wherein the weathering steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
0.020 to 0.040 percent of C, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of Si, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.60 percent of Cu, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of S, 0.10 to 0.15 percent of Ni, 0.25 to 0.55 percent of Cr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
In the embodiment of the application, the positive effect that the mass fraction of C is 0.020-0.040% is in the range of the mass fraction, and the processing capacity of large deformation of the material and the forming of a large proportion of ferrite single-phase tissue can be ensured; when the value of the mass fraction is larger than the maximum value of the end point of the range, carbide is increased, the distribution uniformity degree of a metallographic structure is affected, the corrosion resistance of the weathering steel is further reduced, and when the value of the mass fraction is smaller than the minimum value of the end point of the range, the processing capacity of material deformation is insufficient, and meanwhile, the forming of a ferrite single-phase structure cannot be ensured.
The positive effect of Si in the mass fraction range of 0.20% to 0.30% is that Si is a deoxidizing element commonly used in steel, and the work hardening rate of steel is improved by solid solution strengthening of Si, but Si can significantly deteriorate cold workability of steel, promote grain boundary segregation of P element and S element, and affect the formation of structure, so that the mass fraction range needs to be controlled.
The positive effect of the mass fraction of Mn of 0.20% to 0.30% is that in the mass fraction range, since Mn is a deoxidizing element commonly found in steel, hardenability of the steel can be improved, but there is a risk of center segregation and a strong tendency of grain boundary segregation during tempering in the continuous casting stage of the steel, which promotes temper brittleness, and thus it is necessary to control the mass fraction of Mn.
The Cu has the positive effects that the weather resistance and the acid resistance of the steel can be obviously improved within the mass fraction range, wherein the mass fraction of the Cu is 0.20-0.60%; when the value of the mass fraction is larger than the maximum value of the end point of the range, the effect is saturated, the high-temperature plasticity of the steel is reduced, cracks are easy to generate in the heating process, and when the value of the mass fraction is smaller than the minimum value of the end point of the range, the Cu content is lower, so that the weather resistance and the acid resistance of the steel cannot be effectively improved.
The positive effect that the mass fraction of P is 0.25-0.50% is that in the mass fraction range, center segregation and micro segregation are easy to form when molten steel is solidified, so that the high atmospheric corrosion resistance of the steel can be obviously improved; when the value of the mass fraction is larger than the maximum value of the end point of the range, the high atmospheric corrosion resistance of the high P content is greatly reduced after the P element is segregated, and when the value of the mass fraction is smaller than the minimum value of the end point of the range, the P element content is too low to replace the atmospheric corrosion resistance of the high Ni content.
The S is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and has the positive effects that the deformation performance of the steel and the quantity of nonmetallic inclusion in the steel can be ensured within the mass fraction range; when the mass fraction of S is larger than the end point maximum value of the range, S and Mn are caused to form MnS inclusions, and segregation at grain boundaries causes hot shortness of steel, deteriorating the workability of steel.
The positive effect of the mass fraction of Ni being 0.10-0.15% is that in the range of the mass fraction, ni has the effects of controlling casting blank cracks and improving corrosion resistance; when the value of the mass fraction is larger than the maximum value of the end point of the range, the adverse effect caused by the excessively high Ni content is that the prepared weather-resistant steel has high cost and the surface defect control difficulty of the rolled material is large, and when the value of the mass fraction is smaller than the minimum value of the end point of the range, the adverse effect caused by the fact that the casting blank is easy to generate rolling cracks and the molding performance of the product is influenced.
The mass fraction of Cr is 0.25% -0.55%, and the positive effects are that in the mass fraction range, elements such as Cr and P, cu can be matched with each other, so that the steel product can have the atmospheric corrosion resistance effect under the condition of meeting the service environment; when the mass fraction is larger than the end point maximum value of the range, the adverse effect caused by excessively high Cr will result in high cost of the finally produced weathering steel, and when the mass fraction is smaller than the end point minimum value of the range, the adverse effect caused by reduced corrosion resistance of the steel product.
In some alternative embodiments, the chemical composition of the weathering steel further comprises:
0.2≤[Ni]/[P]≤0.5，0.25≤[Ni]/[Cu]≤0.5，0.1≤[Ni]/[Cr] -1/2 ≤0.2；
wherein [ Ni ] is the mass fraction of Ni, [ P ] is the mass fraction of P, [ Cu ] is the mass fraction of Cu, and [ Cr ] is the mass fraction of Cr.
In the embodiment of the application, the positive effect of 0.2-0.5 of Ni/P is that the low corrosion rate of weathering steel can be ensured under the condition of low cost; when the ratio of [ Ni ]/[ P ] is larger than the end point maximum value of the range, although the low corrosion rate of the weathering steel can be ensured, the manufacturing cost of the steel can be greatly increased due to the adoption of a large amount of Ni, and when the ratio of [ Ni ]/[ P ] is smaller than the end point minimum value of the range, the manufacturing defect and crack of the steel can be greatly increased, and the subsequent deep processing can not be realized.
The positive effect of Ni/Cu of 0.25-0.5 is that the low corrosion rate of weathering steel can be ensured under the condition of low cost; when the ratio of [ Ni ]/[ Cu ] is larger than the end point maximum value of the range, although the low corrosion rate of the weathering steel can be ensured, the manufacturing cost of the steel can be greatly increased due to the adoption of a large amount of Ni, and when the ratio of [ Ni ]/[ Cu ] is smaller than the end point minimum value of the range, the manufacturing defect and crack of the steel can be greatly increased, and the subsequent deep processing can not be realized.
0.1≤[Ni]/[Cr] -1/2 Within the range of 0.2, the steel product has good long-period atmospheric corrosion resistance and 0.01mol/LNaHSO 3 Under the condition of periodically soaking the corrosive liquid, 0.5 g/(m) of the corrosive liquid can be realized 2 ·h)～0.6g/(m 2 The corrosion rate of h); when [ Ni]/[Cr] -1/2 When the value of (C) is larger than the end point maximum value of the range, the adverse effect will be that the excessive addition of Ni will result in the increase of the cost of the steel product, the decrease of the corrosion resistance of the steel, the decrease of the cold forming ability of the product, when [ Ni]/[Cr] -1/2 Values below the end point minimum of this range will have the adverse effect of a reduced corrosion resistance of the steel product.
In some alternative embodiments, the metallographic structure of the weathering steel comprises, in volume fractions: ferrite: 98% -99% and tertiary cementite: 1 to 2 percent.
In the embodiment of the application, the positive effect that the volume fraction of ferrite is 98-99% is that in the range of the volume fraction, the single ferrite microstructure can effectively improve the corrosion resistance of the material; when the volume fraction is smaller than the end value of the range, the content of ferrite is insufficient, and the phenomenon of microscopic potential corrosion among multiphase tissues occurs.
The positive effect of the volume fraction of the cubic cementite being 1-2% is that the steel product can obtain a certain strength increase within the volume fraction range; when the volume fraction is larger or smaller than the end value of the range, the adverse effect is that if the volume fraction of the cubic cementite is smaller than 1-2%, the strength of the steel product will be reduced to some extent, and if the volume fraction of the cubic cementite is larger than 2%, the corrosion resistance of the steel product will be reduced to some extent.
In one embodiment of the application, a method for preparing a coating-free high-phosphorus high-performance weathering steel is provided, the method comprising:
s1, preprocessing molten iron, and smelting to obtain molten steel;
s2, refining the molten steel, and then carrying out continuous casting to obtain a casting blank;
and S3, rolling the casting blank to obtain the low-cost high-phosphorus weather-resistant steel.
In some alternative embodiments, the refining comprises refining vacuum degassing, wherein the degassing time of the refining vacuum degassing is greater than or equal to 15 minutes.
In the embodiment of the application, the positive effect that the degassing time of refining vacuum degassing is more than or equal to 15min is that the [ H ] content after vacuum treatment can be ensured to be within a reasonable range within the time range.
In some alternative embodiments, the continuous casting comprises continuous casting with a ladle of molten steel at a preset target temperature, the preset target temperature = liquidus temperature + a preset increase, the preset increase being between 10 ℃ and 40 ℃.
In the embodiment of the application, the preset increasing amount is 10-40 ℃, and the positive effect is that the quality of the core part of the casting blank can be controlled well within the range of the preset increasing amount; when the temperature is larger or smaller than the end value of the range, the adverse effect is that if the preset temperature difference is smaller than 10 ℃, the phenomenon of casting frozen steel occurs, and the production of steel products is not facilitated; if the preset temperature difference is higher than 40 ℃, the problems of core segregation, core defects and the like of the casting blank of the steel product can be caused.
In some alternative embodiments, the low cost high phosphorous weathering steel has a thickness of 3mm to 10mm.
In some alternative embodiments, the coil diameter of the low cost high phosphorous weathering steel is 5mm to 12mm.
In one embodiment of the application, there is provided the use of a coating-free high-phosphorus high-performance weathering steel for use in rural and/or industrial atmospheric environments.
In some alternative embodiments, both the rural and industrial atmospheric environments satisfy: the annual average chloride ion deposition rate is less than or equal to 0.03mdd, and 0.24mdd is less than the annual average sulfur dioxide deposition rate is less than 2.0mdd.
The chemical component values of each example and comparative example are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Examples and comparative examples of each group [ Ni ]]/[P]、[Ni]/[Cu]And [ Ni ]]/[Cr] -1/2 The ratio of (2) is shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Related experiments:
the steels obtained in each example and comparative example were subjected to high SO 2 The long-period corrosion rate in a concentrated atmosphere is shown in Table 3.
Test method of related experiment: periodic infiltration corrosion was performed on the steels of each example and each comparative example
TABLE 3 Table 3
Specific analysis of table 3:
the long-period corrosion rate refers to NaHSO of 0.01mol/L of steel 3 The lower the corrosion rate after soaking in the solution, the lower the long-period corrosion rate, which indicates the high SO resistance of the steel 2 The better the corrosion performance of the concentrated atmospheric environment.
From the data of examples 1-10, it can be seen that:
through the design of the high phosphorus content of the application, only a small amount of Ni, cr and Cu alloy elements are added, and the (long period) corrosion rate can be maintained at 0.5 g/(m) under the condition of low cost route 2 ·h)～0.6g/(m 2 H) level, thereby promoting good corrosion resistance of the steel productPerformance.
From the data of comparative examples 1-3, it can be seen that:
because the content of Ni, cr and Cu elements is higher than that of the comparative steel, the alloy cost of the steel product is high, and the corrosion rate of the steel is 1.0 g/(m) under the same corrosion condition 2 ·h)～1.4g/(m 2 ·h)。
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
(1) The weathering steel provided by the embodiment of the application forms the passivation film by using the high-content P and Cu with the mass fraction of 0.25-0.50%, and the formed passivation film can cover the surface of the weathering steel, thereby preventing SO in the atmosphere environment 2 Penetrating and protecting the weathering steel, SO that the weathering steel meets the requirements of strong radiation and high SO 2 The corrosion resistance requirement of the concentration atmospheric environment characteristic is that high-content P is utilized to replace expensive Ni in the process, so that the low-cost preparation of the weathering steel is realized.
(2) The weathering steel provided by the embodiment of the application has a metallographic structure which contains a large amount of ferrite single-phase structure and a small amount of tertiary cementite, thereby being capable of effectively resisting high SO 2 Corrosion of the atmospheric environmental characteristics of the concentration.
(3) The method provided by the embodiment of the application can effectively ensure that the microstructure of the final steel product is uniformly distributed by limiting each parameter in the smelting process and the parameters in the continuous casting stage, and can simultaneously ensure that the high weather-resistant steel can be obtained under the condition of low cost.
Explanation of the drawings:
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure diagram of the weathering steel prepared in the examples;
as can be seen from fig. 2, a large proportion of ferrite single-phase structure exists in the high weather resistant steel.
FIG. 3 is a phosphorus segregation diagram of a weathering steel casting blank provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing phosphorus segregation with 75% rolling deformation of a weathering steel casting blank according to the example of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing phosphorus segregation at a rolling deformation of 95% in a weather-resistant steel slab according to an embodiment of the present application;
as can be seen from FIGS. 2 to 5, in examples 1, 3 and 8, the high P content of the present application can form center segregation and micro segregation, thereby effectively combining Cu element, suppressing pitting corrosion, and forming passivation film to hinder SO in the atmosphere 2 Penetrating, thereby meeting the requirements of strong radiation and high SO 2 Corrosion performance of the atmospheric environmental characteristics of concentration.
It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and are understood to encompass values approaching those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be found between the endpoints of each range, between the endpoint of each range and the individual point value, and between the individual point value, in combination with each other, and are to be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the application to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (2)
1. The coating-free high-phosphorus high-performance weathering steel is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
0.020 to 0.040 percent of C, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of Si, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.60 percent of Cu, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of S, 0.10 to 0.15 percent of Ni, 0.25 to 0.55 percent of Cr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements;
the chemical components of the weathering steel also comprise:
0.2≤[Ni]/[P]≤0.5，0.25≤[Ni]/[Cu]≤0.5，0.1≤[Ni]/[Cr] -1/2 ≤0.2；
wherein [ Ni ] is the mass fraction of Ni, [ P ] is the mass fraction of P, [ Cu ] is the mass fraction of Cu, and [ Cr ] is the mass fraction of Cr;
the metallographic structure of the weathering steel comprises the following components in percentage by volume: ferrite: 98% -99% and tertiary cementite: 1% -2%;
the method for preparing the weathering steel comprises the following steps:
pretreating molten iron, and smelting to obtain molten steel;
refining the molten steel, and then carrying out continuous casting to obtain a casting blank;
rolling the casting blank to obtain low-cost high-phosphorus weather-resistant steel;
the refining comprises refining vacuum degassing, and the degassing time of the refining vacuum degassing is more than or equal to 15min;
the continuous casting comprises continuous casting of a ladle of molten steel under the condition of a preset target temperature, wherein the preset target temperature=liquidus temperature+a preset increase, and the preset increase is 10-40 ℃;
the thickness of the low-cost high-phosphorus weather-resistant steel is 3-10 mm;
the diameter of the steel coil of the low-cost high-phosphorus weather-resistant steel is 5-12 mm.
2. Use of the weathering steel according to claim 1 in rural and/or industrial atmosphere;
the rural and industrial atmospheric environments both satisfy: the annual average chloride ion deposition rate is less than or equal to 0.03mdd,
0.24mdd < annual average sulfur dioxide deposition rate < 2.0mdd.
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| CN109881084A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-06-14 | 江苏沙钢集团有限公司 | A kind of thin-belt casting rolling 550MPa grades of weathering steels and its production method |
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| CN101487105A (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2009-07-22 | 东北大学 | Surface inverse segregation phosphor high phosphor weather resistant steel castings thin belt and manufacture method thereof |
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