CN115283376A - Slurry valve special for shield machine - Google Patents
Slurry valve special for shield machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN115283376A CN115283376A CN202210952694.3A CN202210952694A CN115283376A CN 115283376 A CN115283376 A CN 115283376A CN 202210952694 A CN202210952694 A CN 202210952694A CN 115283376 A CN115283376 A CN 115283376A
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 138
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 138
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 56
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 53
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 38
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
- B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
- B08B9/032—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing
- B08B9/0321—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing using pressurised, pulsating or purging fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/02—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by distortion, beating, or vibration of the surface to be cleaned
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
- E21D9/0678—Adding additives, e.g. chemical compositions, to the slurry or the cuttings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B2209/00—Details of machines or methods for cleaning hollow articles
- B08B2209/02—Details of apparatuses or methods for cleaning pipes or tubes
- B08B2209/027—Details of apparatuses or methods for cleaning pipes or tubes for cleaning the internal surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B2209/00—Details of machines or methods for cleaning hollow articles
- B08B2209/02—Details of apparatuses or methods for cleaning pipes or tubes
- B08B2209/027—Details of apparatuses or methods for cleaning pipes or tubes for cleaning the internal surfaces
- B08B2209/032—Details of apparatuses or methods for cleaning pipes or tubes for cleaning the internal surfaces by the mechanical action of a moving fluid
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Details Of Valves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a special mud valve for a shield machine, which comprises a valve body, wherein the input end of the valve body is integrally connected with an input pipe, the output end of the valve body is integrally connected with an output pipe, a high-pressure jet dredging mechanism used for jetting high-pressure jet into the input pipe is arranged at the input pipe, and a high-frequency vibration mechanism used for providing high-frequency vibration is arranged at the output pipe. The special slurry valve for the shield machine is characterized in that an input pipe and an output pipe are additionally arranged through the structural optimization and improvement of the existing slurry valve, and a high-pressure jet dredging mechanism is arranged at the input pipe and used for jetting high-pressure jet to the inside of the input pipe; a high-frequency vibration mechanism is installed at the output pipe for generating high-frequency vibration to the output pipe and its vicinity. High-pressure jet and high-frequency vibration synergism, if in case take place to block up in mud valve department, can effectively dredge, the mediation time is short, and the mediation is effectual, is particularly useful for the mud valve of big internal diameter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a special mud valve for a shield machine, and belongs to the technical field of shield machine accessories.
Background
Valves are accessories for pipes used to open and close pipes, control flow direction, regulate and control parameters of the conveyed medium, and are control components in fluid conveying systems. The mud valve is a valve for controlling the flow and closing of mud.
A shield machine is a tunnel boring machine using a shield method. During the operation of the shield machine, a large amount of slurry is generated and needs to be transported away.
Under complicated and changeable geological conditions, a slurry valve for a shield machine not only needs to cut off special media containing a large amount of particle stone slurry and the like, but also has an anti-blocking function, so that the long-term stable operation of the slurry valve is ensured.
However, the existing conventional mud valve cannot meet the long-term use requirement of the shield machine, and particularly, the anti-blocking performance of the large-scale mud valve is poorer.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a special slurry valve for a shield machine, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the special slurry valve for the shield machine comprises a valve body, wherein an input end of the valve body is integrally connected with an input pipe, an output end of the valve body is integrally connected with an output pipe, a high-pressure jet dredging mechanism used for jetting high-pressure jet to the inside of the input pipe is arranged at the position of the input pipe, and a high-frequency vibration mechanism used for providing high-frequency vibration is arranged at the position of the output pipe.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the high-pressure jet dredging mechanism comprises a jet pore passage arranged along the input pipe, a sleeve ring sleeved outside the input pipe and a water delivery pipe, wherein the jet pore passage comprises a first inclined hole arranged along the inner wall of the input pipe, a first axial hole axially arranged along the input pipe, a taper hole axially arranged along the input pipe, a second axial hole axially arranged along the input pipe and a radial hole radially arranged along the input pipe, a first annular cavity is formed between the sleeve ring and the outer wall of the input pipe, one end of the radial hole is communicated with the first annular cavity, the other end of the radial hole is communicated with one end of a second axial hole, the other end of the second axial hole is communicated with the large end of the taper hole, the small end of the taper hole is communicated with one end of the first axial hole, and the other end of the first axial hole is communicated with the first inclined hole; the injection hole channels are arranged in a plurality, the first inclined holes are spirally arranged along the inner wall of the input pipe, the aperture of the second axial hole is larger than that of the first axial hole, and the aperture of the first axial hole is equal to that of the first inclined holes; the head end of the water conveying pipe is communicated with the first annular cavity; the included angle between the length direction of the first inclined hole and the length direction of the first axial hole is 135 degrees.
According to the further optimization of the technical scheme, the water conveying pipe is externally connected with a high-pressure water pump, and an electromagnetic water valve is further installed at the water conveying pipe; the electromagnetic water valve is intermittently switched on and off.
According to the technical scheme, the tail end of the input pipe is integrally connected with the first flange, and the tail end of the output pipe is integrally connected with the second flange.
According to further optimization of the technical scheme, the high-frequency vibration mechanism comprises a vibration bead movable pore passage arranged along the output tube and a ring sleeve sleeved outside the output tube, the vibration bead movable pore passage comprises a third axial hole axially arranged along the output tube and a second inclined hole arranged along the outer wall of the output tube, the head end of the second inclined hole is arranged on the outer wall of the output tube, the tail end of the second inclined hole is communicated with the head end of the third axial hole, and an included angle formed between the length direction of the second inclined hole and the length direction of the third axial hole is 135 degrees; a plurality of vibrating beads are arranged in the vibrating bead moving pore passage, a screen plate is further covered at the head end of the second inclined hole, the screen plate is fixedly connected with the output tube, the outer periphery of the ring sleeve is in a regular polygon shape, the inner periphery of the ring sleeve is provided with a circular hole, the inner periphery of the ring sleeve is hermetically connected with the outer wall of the output tube, a second annular cavity is formed between the inner cavity of the ring sleeve and the outer wall of the output tube, the screen plates are all arranged in the second annular cavity, and an ultrasonic vibrator is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the ring sleeve; and the vibration liquid is filled in the vibration bead movable pore channel and the second annular cavity.
According to the further optimization of the technical scheme, the vibrating beads comprise spherical shell-shaped cast iron shells, aluminum alloy hollow columns are arranged inside the cast iron shells and comprise regular pentagonal prism-shaped columns, spherical crown-shaped first transition parts are arranged at edges of the columns, second transition parts with arc-shaped cross sections are arranged at edges of the columns, spherical cavities are arranged in the centers of the columns, first through holes are formed in one edge surface of each column, second through holes are formed in the other edge surface of each column, and the positions of the first through holes and the second through holes are arranged in a central symmetry manner; a third through hole is formed in one of the first transition parts, a fourth through hole is formed in the other first transition part, and the position of the third through hole and the position of the fourth through hole are arranged in central symmetry; the projections of the first through hole, the second through hole, the third through hole and the fourth through hole on the same plane form a quadrilateral structure; a lead cone is arranged in the spherical cavity, the lead cone comprises a regular triangular pyramid cone, and a second transition part in a spherical crown shape is arranged at the sharp corner of the cone; a movable cavity is formed between the inner wall of the cast iron shell and the outer wall of the aluminum alloy hollow column, vegetable oil is filled in the movable cavity, and distilled water is filled in the spherical cavity.
According to the further optimization of the technical scheme, the volume of the lead cone is V 3 The volume of the spherical cavity is V 2 The volume of the movable cavity is V 1 ，V 1 :V 2 :V 3 =6:6:1。
In a further optimization of the above technical solution, the aperture of the first through hole is d 1 The aperture of the second through hole is d 2 The aperture of the third through hole is d 3 The aperture of the fourth through hole is d 4 ，d 2 =1.7d 1 ，d 3 =d 2 ，d 4 =2.6d 3 ，3mm≤d 4 ≤5mm。
According to the further optimization of the technical scheme, the vibration liquid is one of water and vegetable oil.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the special mud valve for the shield machine is characterized in that an input pipe and an output pipe are additionally arranged through the structural optimization and improvement of the existing mud valve, and a high-pressure jet dredging mechanism is arranged at the input pipe and used for jetting high-pressure jet to the inside of the input pipe; a high-frequency vibration mechanism is installed at the output pipe for generating high-frequency vibration to the output pipe and its vicinity. High-pressure jet flow and high-frequency vibration synergism, if in case take place to block up in mud valve department, can effectively dredge, the mediation time is short, and the mediation is effectual, is particularly useful for the mud valve of big internal diameter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a special mud valve for a shield tunneling machine according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic internal view of the delivery tube of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic internal view of the input tube of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating the distribution of the first inclined holes on the inner wall of the inlet pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the loop of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the vibrating bead of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an aluminum alloy hollow column according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a lead cone according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the mounting of the frame and the aluminum foil.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the slurry valve special for the shield tunneling machine comprises a valve body 10, an input end of the valve body 10 is integrally connected with an input pipe 11, an output end of the valve body 10 is integrally connected with an output pipe 12, a high-pressure jet dredging mechanism used for jetting high-pressure jet to the inside of the input pipe 11 is arranged at the input pipe 11, and a high-frequency vibration mechanism used for providing high-frequency vibration is arranged at the output pipe 12.
In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the inlet/outlet end of the valve body 10 exceeds 80cm, and the wall thickness of the inlet pipe 11 and the outlet pipe 12 is about 10 cm. The high-pressure jet dredging mechanism is used at the input pipe 11 to spray high-pressure jet to the inside of the input pipe 11, thereby being beneficial to dredging the inside of the input pipe 11.
A high-frequency vibration mechanism is used at the output pipe 12 so that the mud deposited in the output pipe 12 is easier to dredge.
This is easily blocked at the valve body 10 due to the presence of the closure within the valve body 10. If high-pressure jets are also used at the outlet conduit 12, this is less effective than installing a high-frequency vibrating mechanism. Because the high-pressure jet flow is firstly used, on one hand, the water is increased to thin the slurry, the slurry in the output pipe 12 can be thinned, and since the purpose of thinning is also achieved, and then the high-pressure jet flow is increased, the dredging effect is limited; on the other hand, the high-pressure jet flow is adopted in the input pipe 11, so that the purpose of increasing pressure and improving the dredging effect can be achieved; however, the slurry in the outlet pipe 12 becomes thin, and the pressure-increasing dredging effect of the high-pressure jet is limited. Therefore, the high-frequency vibration is adopted for the diluted slurry in the output pipe 12, and the dredging effect is better.
After two years of running experience, the company firstly installs a high-pressure jet dredging mechanism at an input pipe 11 and then installs a high-frequency vibration mechanism at an output pipe 12, so that the dredging effect is the best; if a high-pressure jet dredging mechanism is arranged at the output pipe 12 and then a high-frequency vibration mechanism is arranged at the input pipe 11, the dredging time needs to be prolonged by more than 1 time at least.
Example 2
Based on embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the high-pressure jet dredging mechanism includes a jet hole passage 16 disposed along the input pipe 11, a collar 51 sleeved outside the input pipe 11, and a water pipe 52, where the jet hole passage 16 includes a first inclined hole 165 disposed along an inner wall of the input pipe 11, a first axial hole 163 disposed axially along the input pipe 11, a tapered hole 164 disposed axially along the input pipe 11, a second axial hole 161 disposed axially along the input pipe 11, and a radial hole 162 disposed radially along the input pipe 11, a first annular cavity 53 is formed between the collar 51 and an outer wall of the input pipe 11, one end of the radial hole 162 communicates with the first annular cavity 53, the other end of the radial hole 162 communicates with one end of the second axial hole 161, the other end of the second axial hole 161 communicates with a large end of the tapered hole 164, a small end of the tapered hole 164 communicates with one end 163 of the first axial hole 163, and the other end of the first axial hole 165 communicates with the first inclined hole 165; the plurality of injection duct 16 are provided, the first inclined holes 165 are arranged spirally along the inner wall of the input pipe 11, the diameter of the second axial hole 161 is larger than that of the first axial hole 163, and the diameter of the first axial hole 163 is equal to that of the first inclined holes 165; the head end of the water delivery pipe 52 is communicated with the first annular cavity 53; the angle between the length direction of the first inclined hole 165 and the length direction of the first axial hole 163 is 135 °.
Firstly, the high-pressure water source is conveyed to the first annular cavity 53 through the water conveying pipe 52, and then enters the inner part of the input pipe 11 through the spraying pore channel 16, and as the first inclined holes 165 are arranged in a spiral shape along the inner wall of the input pipe 11, the high-pressure jet flow sprayed out from the first inclined holes 165 has a wider action range, a large amount of jet flow is prevented from gathering on the same cross section, and the nearby jet flow can provide spiral stirring force, so that the dredging effect is effectively improved.
The diameter of the first angled holes 165 is very small, typically not more than 2mm; therefore, the jet flow sprayed from the position has strong impact force and good dredging effect. In order to ensure high pressure, the high-pressure water in the first annular cavity 53 passes through the radial hole 162 and the second axial hole 161 with larger inner diameters, is gradually pressurized, passes through the taper hole 164, and finally jets high-pressure jet with higher jet speed at the first axial hole 163 and the first inclined hole 165. The inclined hole design is adopted instead of the vertical hole, and the aim is to reduce the influence of the advancing resistance on the shooting speed to the maximum extent.
Example 3
Based on the embodiment 2, the water pipe 52 is externally connected with a high-pressure water pump, for example, the water pressure is 10 to 15mpa; an electromagnetic water valve is also arranged at the water conveying pipe 52; the electromagnetic water valve is intermittently switched on and off.
The electromagnetic water valve is intermittently switched on and off, so that high-pressure jet flow sprayed into the input pipe 11 is intermittently, impact force caused by pulse type setting is better, and dredging effect is better facilitated.
Example 4
Based on embodiment 1, for the convenience of installation, the end of the input pipe 11 is integrally connected with a first flange 13, and the end of the output pipe 12 is integrally connected with a second flange 14.
Example 5
Based on embodiment 3, as shown in fig. 1, 2, and 5, the high-frequency vibration mechanism includes a bead vibration movable hole channel 15 disposed along the output tube 12, and a ring sleeve 21 sleeved outside the output tube 12, the bead vibration movable hole channel 15 includes a third axial hole 151 disposed along the axial direction of the output tube 12, and a second inclined hole 152 disposed along the outer wall of the output tube 12, a head end of the second inclined hole 152 is disposed on the outer wall of the output tube 12, a tail end of the second inclined hole 152 is communicated with a head end of the third axial hole 151, and an included angle between a length direction of the second inclined hole 152 and a length direction of the third axial hole 151 is 135 °; a plurality of vibrating beads 30 are arranged in the vibrating bead moving pore passage 15, a screen plate 22 is further covered at the head end of the second inclined hole 152, the screen plate 22 is fixedly connected with the output tube 12, the outer periphery of the ring sleeve 21 is a regular polygon, the inner periphery of the ring sleeve 21 is provided with a round hole 211, the inner periphery of the ring sleeve 21 is hermetically connected with the outer wall of the output tube 12, a second annular cavity 23 is formed between the inner cavity of the ring sleeve 21 and the outer wall of the output tube 12, the screen plates 22 are all arranged in the second annular cavity 23, and an ultrasonic vibrator 24 is fixedly arranged on the outer periphery of the ring sleeve 21; the vibration ball active hole 15 and the second annular cavity 23 are filled with vibration liquid.
Since the wall thickness of the output tube 12 is about 10cm, if a vibrator is directly installed on the outer wall of the output tube 12, the vibration effect is limited.
In the invention, a plurality of bead vibration movable channels 15 are embedded in the pipe wall, ultrasonic waves generated by vibration of the ultrasonic vibrator 24 are transmitted to the beads 30 in the bead vibration movable channels 15 through the vibration liquid, and the beads 30 can continuously knock the output pipe 12 during high-frequency vibration, so that a large amount of high-frequency vibration is generated in the output pipe 12.
The mesh plate 22 is arranged such that the vibrating beads 30 avoid leaking to the second annular chamber 23. The second annular chamber 23 is arranged so that the plurality of bead moving channels 15 can be simultaneously vibrated by the ultrasonic vibrator 24.
The outer circumference of the loop 21 is preferably a regular octagon. The outer circumference of the ring sleeve 21 cannot be circular, otherwise, it is very troublesome to install the ultrasonic vibrator 24, and the vibration is not well transmitted and has a poor vibration effect. In the invention, eight planes are arranged on the periphery of the loop 21, which is just convenient for installing the ultrasonic vibrators 24 in different directions and ensures that a large amount of effective vibration can be transmitted in each direction of the output tube 12.
The inner diameter of the third axial hole 151 is 7cm, the outer diameter of the vibration bead 30 is 5-6.8cm, and the outer diameter of the vibration bead 30 is most preferably 6.6cm. That is, the difference between the outer diameter of the vibration ball 30 and the inner diameter of the third axial hole 151 is most preferably 4mm.
Example 6
Based on embodiment 5, as shown in 6~8, the vibration ball 30 includes a spherical shell-shaped cast iron housing 31, an aluminum alloy hollow column 32 is disposed inside the cast iron housing 31, the aluminum alloy hollow column 32 includes a regular pentagonal prism-shaped cylinder 321, a spherical first transition portion 322 is disposed at an edge of the cylinder 321, a second transition portion with an arc-shaped cross section is disposed at an edge of the cylinder 321, a spherical cavity 327 is disposed at the center of the cylinder 321, a first through hole 324 is disposed at one edge surface of the cylinder 321, a second through hole 323 is disposed at the other edge surface of the cylinder 321, and the first through hole 324 and the second through hole 323 are disposed in a central symmetry; a third through hole 325 is formed in one of the first transition portions 322, a fourth through hole 326 is formed in the other first transition portion 322, and the third through hole 325 and the fourth through hole 326 are arranged in a centrosymmetric manner; the projections of the first through hole 324, the second through hole 323, the third through hole 325 and the fourth through hole 326 on the same plane form a quadrilateral structure; a lead cone 33 is arranged in the spherical cavity 327, the lead cone 33 comprises a regular triangular pyramid cone 331, and a spherical second transition part 332 is arranged at a sharp corner of the cone 331; a movable cavity 34 is formed between the inner wall of the cast iron shell 31 and the outer wall of the aluminum alloy hollow column 32, vegetable oil is filled in the movable cavity 34, and distilled water is filled in the spherical cavity 327. Wherein, the facets, each facet is 4 arriss and constitutes.
In the invention, the vibrating beads 30 are of two-layer hollow structure and one-layer solid structure, and when the whole vibrating device vibrates, the aluminum alloy hollow columns 32 and the lead cones 33 inside the vibrating beads can randomly and disorderly collide with each other, so that more disorderly vibrations can be generated, and the vibration effect is improved.
First, the outer surface of the cast iron shell 31 must be spherical, and the contact range between the outer surface and the inner wall of the bead moving passage 15 is larger, and the wear is small. The vibrating beads 30 are driven by the vibrating liquid and subjected to an impact.
Secondly, the presence of the liquid medium (vegetable oil, distilled water) inside the cast iron housing 31 enables the aluminium alloy hollow column 32 to move randomly inside the cast iron housing 31. When the hollow column 32 of aluminum alloy collides with the cast iron shell 31, a collision occurs, which corresponds to a secondary impact of the vibration beads 30. The secondary impact is weak.
Finally, when the hollow column 32 of aluminum alloy moves, the lead cone 33 also can move under the promotion of liquid medium, when hollow column 32 of aluminum alloy and lead cone 33 strike each other, can produce stronger cubic impact.
Therefore, due to the special structure of the vibration bead 30 of the present invention, under the primary action of the external vibration liquid, under the driving of inertia and vibration, secondary impact and tertiary impact are generated, thereby effectively improving the knocking effect of the vibration bead 30 on the output tube 12 and improving the vibration effect.
Example 7
Based on example 6, the volume of the lead cone 33 is V 3 The volume of the spherical cavity 327 is V 2 The volume of the movable cavity 34 is V 1 ，V 1 :V 2 :V 3 =6:6:1。
Example 8
In embodiment 7, the first through hole 324 has an aperture d 1 The aperture of the second through hole 323 is d 2 The aperture of the third through hole 325 is d 3 The fourth through hole 326 has an aperture d 4 ，d 2 =1.7d 1 ，d 3 =d 2 ，d 4 =2.6d 3 ，3mm≤d 4 ≤5mm。
The aluminum foil corrosion method is a conventional measurement method adopted in experimental research on the characteristics of an ultrasonic sound field. The ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic vibrator 24 is 40kHz, and the first flange 13 and the second flange 14 are sealed by installing sealing plates. The insides of the input pipe 11 and the output pipe 12 are filled with distilled water. The inner parts of the input pipe 11 and the output pipe 12 are respectively put into frames with cross-shaped cross sections, and aluminum foils are arranged between the frames, as shown in fig. 9. When the cavitation operation is generated by the ultrasonic vibration, the aluminum foil is corroded in an ultrasonic sound field, such as pitting, crushing, falling and the like. The strength of cavitation in the ultrasonic sound field can be reflected according to the corrosion degree. And the measurement error is reduced by means of averaging in multiple measurements. The arrangement of the cross-shaped frame can further reduce the measurement error. Carrying out image analysis on the aluminum foils with different corrosion degrees obtained by adopting an aluminum foil testing method, and evaluating the cavitation intensity of ultrasonic waves according to the corrosion rate of the aluminum foils, wherein the higher the corrosion rate is, the stronger the cavitation intensity is; the distribution condition of the ultrasonic intensity is evaluated through the distribution uniformity of the corrosion pores of the aluminum foil, and the smaller the distribution uniformity of the corrosion pores is, the more uniform the distribution of the ultrasonic intensity is. Wherein, the corrosion rate is the percentage of the cavitation corrosion area of each aluminum foil to the whole aluminum foil area, and the higher the corrosion rate is, the stronger the ultrasonic cavitation intensity is. The distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes refers to whether the distribution of the cavitation corrosion holes on each aluminum foil is uniform or not, in the image processing, an image is divided into a plurality of image units with the power of 32 multiplied by 24dpi, the corrosion rate of each image unit is calculated, and the variance calculation is carried out on the corrosion rates of all the image units, so that the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is obtained; the smaller the obtained variance is, the more uniform the ultrasonic intensity distribution at each point in the ultrasonic cleaning tank is. And (3) testing conditions are as follows: the temperature of the distilled water in the input pipe 11 and the output pipe 12 is kept at 30-40 ℃, the ultrasonic vibration time is 180s, and the cleaning frequency is 40kHz. In addition, the aluminum foil in the outlet pipe 12 is denoted by X, and the aluminum foil in the inlet pipe 11 is denoted by Y.
The slurry valve special for the shield machine, which is obtained according to the embodiment 8, is tested according to the aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X part is 59.7 percent, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 1.69 percent; the corrosion rate at Y position is 26.3%, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 4.73%.
Test A1: if the ultrasonic vibrator is directly arranged on the outer wall of the output tube, namely a high-frequency vibration mechanism is not arranged, the other conditions are not changed; testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X part is 4.3 percent, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 25.75 percent; the corrosion rate at Y can hardly be measured and is less than or equal to 1%.
From this, it is understood that if the ultrasonic transducer is directly attached to the outer wall of the output tube 12, the effect of the ultrasonic transducer on the vibration in the circular tube is limited.
Test B1: if the vibrating ball is a solid shot, the rest conditions are unchanged. The test is carried out according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate at X is 16.9%, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 19.30%; the corrosion rate at Y position is 7.8%, and the distribution uniformity of corrosion holes is 26.83%.
Test B2: if the vibration ball is a solid aluminum alloy ball, the other conditions are unchanged. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate at the X position is 11.2%, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 16.88%; the corrosion rate at Y position was 6.5%, and the distribution uniformity of corrosion holes was 27.16%.
Test B3: if the vibrating ball is a solid cast iron ball, the rest conditions are unchanged. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X part is 26.1 percent, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 12.15 percent; the corrosion rate at Y position was 16.9%, and the distribution uniformity of corrosion holes was 18.67%.
As can be seen from tests B1 to B3, the vibrating beads are solid spheres and have a limited vibrating effect.
Test B4: if the hollow column 32 made of aluminum alloy is not arranged in the vibrating bead, the lead cone 33 is positioned in the cast iron shell 31, the vegetable oil and the distilled water are also positioned in the cast iron shell 31, and the rest conditions are not changed. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X part is 33.9 percent, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 15.37 percent; the corrosion rate at Y was 7.1% and the uniformity of the distribution of corrosion holes was 22.5%.
Test B5: if the lead cone 33 is not arranged in the vibrating ball, the rest conditions are not changed. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X part is 28.8 percent, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 23.11 percent; the corrosion rate at Y position was 5.8%, and the uniformity of distribution of corrosion holes was 16.51%.
Test B6: if the vibrating beads are only hollow spheres, namely only the cast iron shell 31, the aluminum alloy hollow column 32 and the lead cone 33 are not arranged, the inside of the cast iron shell 31 is air, and the other conditions are not changed. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X part is 30.3 percent, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 19.22 percent; the corrosion rate at Y was 3.2%.
Tests B4 to B6 show that the vibration beads are hollow spheres, the vibration effect is improved, but the improvement amplitude is limited, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is still more than 5%. The lead cone 33 is additionally arranged in the hollow ball body, so that although the corrosion rate can be improved, the distribution uniformity of corrosion holes is improved, and the improvement range is limited. The hollow column 32 made of aluminum alloy is additionally arranged in the hollow sphere, so that the corrosion rate is reduced, and the distribution uniformity of corrosion holes is also reduced. Therefore, the hollow aluminum alloy column 32 and the lead cone 33 are additionally arranged in the hollow sphere, so that the hollow aluminum alloy column has a synergistic effect.
Test B7: if the aluminum alloy hollow column 32 and the lead cone 33 in the vibrating bead are both made of the same cast iron material as the cast iron shell 31, the other conditions are not changed. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate at the X position is 26.1%, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 12.15%; the corrosion rate at Y position was 16.9%, and the distribution uniformity of corrosion holes was 18.67%.
Test B8: if the cast iron shell 31 and the lead cone 33 in the vibrating bead are both made of the same aluminum alloy material as the aluminum alloy hollow column 32, the other conditions are unchanged. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X part is 26.1 percent, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 12.15 percent; the corrosion rate at Y position was 16.9%, and the distribution uniformity of corrosion holes was 18.67%.
Test B9: if the cast iron shell 31 and the aluminum alloy hollow column 32 in the vibrating bead are both made of the same lead as the lead cone 33, the rest conditions are unchanged. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X part is 26.1 percent, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 12.15 percent; the corrosion rate at Y position was 16.9%, and the distribution uniformity of corrosion holes was 18.67%.
As can be seen from tests B7 to B9, the density of the three main bodies, i.e., the cast iron shell 31, the aluminum alloy hollow column 32, and the lead cone 33, is different, and the impact effect is also different. First, if the densities are all the same, the vibrations generated by their collisions with each other are rather inferior to those generated by the differences in densities. Secondly, the aluminum alloy hollow column 32 as the intermediate layer is required to have the function of "holding up and down", and therefore, is preferably made of aluminum alloy with the minimum density, so that the movement of the aluminum alloy hollow column in the cast iron shell 31 is more flexible. Finally, the lead cone 33, which is the striking element of the inner core, is made of the most dense lead, providing a more aggressive strike.
Test C1: if the cone 331 in the lead cone 33 is replaced by a square hammer body with the same mass, a spherical crown-shaped second transition part 332 is also arranged at the sharp corner of the hammer body, and the rest conditions are unchanged. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X part is 57.3 percent, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 15.27 percent; the corrosion rate at Y position is 12.6%, and the distribution uniformity of corrosion holes is 20.35%.
Because the outer diameter of the vibration ball 30 is 6.6cm, the space in the aluminum alloy hollow column 32 is limited, if a square hammer body is adopted, because the edges and corners of the square hammer body are doubled, the impact layering of the edges and corners on the inner wall of the aluminum alloy hollow column 32 is not as good as that of a triangular pyramid. The direct consequence is that the uniformity of the distribution of the corrosion holes is increased, the vibration transmitted to the Y part is weakened, and the corrosion rate at the Y part is reduced.
Test C2: if the column 321 in the hollow column 32 of aluminum alloy is regular hexagonal prism, the rest is unchanged. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X part is 56.9 percent, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 12.51 percent; the corrosion rate at Y position is 10.8%, and the distribution uniformity of corrosion holes is 18.63%.
Since the outer diameter of the vibration ball 30 is 6.6cm, the volume of the movable cavity 34 is limited, and if a regular hexagonal prism-shaped cylinder is adopted, the impact layering of the corners on the inner wall of the cast iron shell 31 is not as good as that of a regular pentagonal prism due to the fact that the corners of the cylinder are increased. The direct consequence is that the uniformity of the distribution of the corrosion holes is increased, the vibration transmitted to the Y part is weakened, and the corrosion rate at the Y part is reduced.
Test C3: if the column 321 in the hollow column 32 of aluminum alloy is in a regular quadrangular prism shape, the rest is unchanged. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X position is 50.1 percent, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 5.09 percent; the corrosion rate at Y position is 19.8%, and the distribution uniformity of corrosion holes is 7.35%.
If a regular quadrangular prism-shaped column is used, since the edge angle thereof becomes smaller, the impact of the edge angle against the inner wall of the cast iron shell 31 becomes smaller. As a direct consequence, the corrosion rate becomes smaller, and the vibration transmitted to Y becomes weaker and the corrosion rate at Y becomes smaller.
Test D1: if the movable cavity 34 and the spherical cavity 327 are filled with vegetable oil, the rest conditions are unchanged. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate at X was 59.1% and the uniformity of the distribution of corrosion holes was 9.35%.
Test D2: if the movable cavity 34 and the spherical cavity 327 are filled with distilled water, the rest conditions are unchanged. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate at X is 59.5%, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 10.58%.
Test D3: if the movable cavity 34 is filled with distilled water, the spherical cavity 327 is filled with vegetable oil, and the rest conditions are unchanged. The test is carried out according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate at X is 60.6%, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 16.11%.
From the tests D1 to D3, it can be seen that if the movable cavity 34 and the spherical cavity 327 are both made of the same vegetable oil or water, the corrosion rate is not affected, and only the uniformity of the distribution of the corrosion holes is deteriorated. When the movable cavity 34 and the spherical cavity 327 are made of different materials, the effect of transmitting vibration is more uniform under the cavitation action. Since vegetable oil has a lower density than water, only the movable chamber 34 is filled with vegetable oil and the spherical chamber 327 is filled with distilled water.
Test E1: if V 1 :V 2 :V 3 12, the remaining conditions were unchanged. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate at X is 41.3%, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 12.15%.
From this, it can be seen that if V 1 、V 2 Too large, V 3 Inevitably, the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is increased, and the corrosion rate is decreased.
Test E2: if V 1 :V 2 :V 3 3, and the rest conditions are unchanged. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate at X is 30.2%, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 17.33%.
From this, it can be seen that if V 1 、V 2 Too small, V 3 Inevitably, the corrosion rate is reduced sharply and the uniformity of distribution of the corrosion holes is increased.
Test F1: if d is 4 =10mm, the remaining conditions were unchanged. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X part is 58.3 percent, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 10.97 percent; the corrosion rate at Y position was 27.8%, and the distribution uniformity of corrosion holes was 20.15%.
Test F2: if d is 4 =1mm, the remaining conditions being unchanged. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X part is 55.9 percent, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 16.26 percent; the corrosion rate at Y position is 23.2%, and the distribution uniformity of corrosion holes is 26.67%.
Test F3: if the first through hole 324, the second through hole 323, the third through hole 325, and the fourth through hole 326 are not provided, the remaining conditions are not changed. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X part is 55.1 percent, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 17.13 percent; the corrosion rate at Y is 25.1%, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 28.52%.
As can be known from the tests F1-F3, the arrangement of the first through hole 324, the second through hole 323, the third through hole 325 and the fourth through hole 326 ensures that the aluminum alloy hollow column 32 is easy to irregularly move in the cast iron shell 31 during vibration, the secondary impact effect can be effectively improved, the impact is more uniform, and the corrosion hole distribution uniformity is favorably reduced. d 4 When it is too small, the hollow column 32 of aluminum alloy is brought close to a closed housing. d 4 When the size of the hollow column 32 is too large, the movement of the hollow column 32 made of aluminum alloy is dragged by the lead cone 33, and the movement of the lead cone 33 is mainly influenced by gravity, so that the movement of the hollow column becomes more regular.
Test G1: the inner diameter of the third axial hole 151 is 7cm, the outer diameter of the vibration ball 30 is 6.9cm, and other conditions are unchanged. The difference between the outer diameter of the vibration ball 30 and the inner diameter of the third axial hole 151 is 1mm. Testing according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate of the X part is 3.2 percent, and the corrosion rate of the Y part is less than or equal to 1 percent.
That is, the outer diameter of the vibration beads 30 is too large, so that the ultrasonic vibration cannot be transmitted through the vibration beads 30.
Test G2: the inner diameter of the third axial hole 151 is 7cm, the outer diameter of the vibration ball 30 is 6cm, and other conditions are unchanged. The difference between the outer diameter of the vibration ball 30 and the inner diameter of the third axial hole 151 is 10mm. The test is carried out according to aluminum foil corrosion method: the corrosion rate at X is 22.5%, and the distribution uniformity of the corrosion holes is 56.22%.
If the difference between the outer diameter of the vibration ball 30 and the inner diameter of the third axial hole 151 is too large, the effect of transmitting the ultrasonic vibration through the vibration ball 30 becomes weak, and the uniformity becomes poor.
In the above embodiments, the aluminum alloys are all die-cast aluminum alloys of the same composition. The cast iron is nodular cast iron with the same components, wherein the inner wall of the cast iron shell 31 can be galvanized to prevent rusting. The vibration liquid is distilled water.
The characteristics of an ultrasonic sound field can be reflected through an aluminum foil corrosion method, and the ultrasonic vibration effect in the corresponding input pipe 11 and output pipe 12 can be expressed; the better and more uniform the ultrasonic vibration effect in the input pipe 11 and the output pipe 12, the better and more beneficial to dredging.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. Special mud valve of shield constructs machine, including valve body (10), the input body coupling of valve body (10) has input tube (11), the output body coupling of valve body (10) has output tube (12), its characterized in that: the high-pressure jet dredging device is characterized in that a high-pressure jet dredging mechanism used for jetting high-pressure jet to the inside of the input pipe (11) is arranged at the position of the input pipe (11), and a high-frequency vibration mechanism used for providing high-frequency vibration is arranged at the position of the output pipe (12).
2. The special mud valve for the shield tunneling machine according to claim 1, wherein: the high-pressure jet dredging mechanism comprises a jet hole channel (16) arranged along an input pipe (11), a sleeve ring (51) sleeved outside the input pipe (11) and a water conveying pipe (52), wherein the jet hole channel (16) comprises a first inclined hole (165) arranged along the inner wall of the input pipe (11), a first axial hole (163) axially arranged along the input pipe (11), a conical hole (164) axially arranged along the input pipe (11), a second axial hole (161) axially arranged along the input pipe (11) and a radial hole (162) radially arranged along the input pipe (11), a first annular cavity (53) is formed between the sleeve ring (51) and the outer wall of the input pipe (11), one end of the radial hole (162) is communicated with the first annular cavity (53), the other end of the radial hole (162) is communicated with one end of the second axial hole (161), the other end of the second axial hole (161) is communicated with the large end of the conical hole (164), the small end of the conical hole (164) is communicated with one end of the first axial hole (163), and the other end of the first axial hole (163) is communicated with the first inclined hole (163); the plurality of injection pore canals (16) are arranged, the first inclined holes (165) are spirally arranged along the inner wall of the input pipe (11), the pore diameter of the second axial hole (161) is larger than that of the first axial hole (163), and the pore diameter of the first axial hole (163) is equal to that of the first inclined holes (165); the head end of the water conveying pipe (52) is communicated with the first annular cavity (53); the included angle between the length direction of the first inclined hole (165) and the length direction of the first axial hole (163) is 135 degrees.
3. The special mud valve for the shield tunneling machine according to claim 2, wherein: the water conveying pipe (52) is externally connected with a high-pressure water pump, and an electromagnetic water valve is further installed at the water conveying pipe (52); the electromagnetic water valve is intermittently switched on and off.
4. The special mud valve for the shield tunneling machine according to claim 1, wherein: the tail end of the input pipe (11) is integrally connected with a first flange (13), and the tail end of the output pipe (12) is integrally connected with a second flange (14).
5. The special mud valve for the shield tunneling machine according to claim 1, wherein: the high-frequency vibration mechanism comprises a vibration bead movable pore passage (15) arranged along the output pipe (12) and a ring sleeve (21) sleeved outside the output pipe (12), wherein the vibration bead movable pore passage (15) comprises a third axial hole (151) axially arranged along the output pipe (12) and a second inclined hole (152) arranged along the outer wall of the output pipe (12), the head end of the second inclined hole (152) is arranged on the outer wall of the output pipe (12), the tail end of the second inclined hole (152) is communicated with the head end of the third axial hole (151), and an included angle formed between the length direction of the second inclined hole (152) and the length direction of the third axial hole (151) is 135 degrees; a plurality of vibrating beads (30) are arranged in the vibrating bead movable pore passage (15), a screen plate (22) is further covered at the head end of the second inclined hole (152), the screen plate (22) is fixedly connected with the output tube (12), the outer periphery of the ring sleeve (21) is a regular polygon, the inner periphery of the ring sleeve (21) is provided with a round hole (211), the inner periphery of the ring sleeve (21) is hermetically connected with the outer wall of the output tube (12), a second annular cavity (23) is formed between the inner cavity of the ring sleeve (21) and the outer wall of the output tube (12), the screen plates (22) are all arranged in the second annular cavity (23), and an ultrasonic vibrator (24) is fixedly installed at the outer periphery of the ring sleeve (21); the vibration ball active pore canal (15) and the second annular cavity (23) are filled with vibration liquid.
6. The special mud valve for the shield tunneling machine of claim 5, wherein: the vibration ball (30) comprises a spherical shell-shaped cast iron shell (31), an aluminum alloy hollow column (32) is arranged inside the cast iron shell (31), the aluminum alloy hollow column (32) comprises a regular pentagonal prism-shaped column body (321), a spherical first transition part (322) is arranged at the edge of the column body (321), a second transition part with an arc-shaped cross section is arranged at the edge of the column body (321), a spherical cavity (327) is arranged in the center of the column body (321), a first through hole (324) is arranged at one edge surface of the column body (321), a second through hole (323) is arranged at the other edge surface of the column body (321), and the position of the first through hole (324) and the position of the second through hole (323) are arranged in central symmetry; a third through hole (325) is formed in one of the first transition parts (322), a fourth through hole (326) is formed in the other one of the first transition parts (322), and the third through hole (325) and the fourth through hole (326) are arranged in a centrosymmetric manner; the projections of the first through hole (324), the second through hole (323), the third through hole (325) and the fourth through hole (326) on the same plane form a quadrilateral structure; a lead cone (33) is arranged in the spherical cavity (327), the lead cone (33) comprises a regular triangular pyramid cone (331), and a spherical crown-shaped second transition part (332) is arranged at the sharp corner of the cone (331); a movable cavity (34) is formed between the inner wall of the cast iron shell (31) and the outer wall of the aluminum alloy hollow column (32), vegetable oil is filled in the movable cavity (34), and distilled water is filled in the spherical cavity (327).
7. The special mud valve for the shield tunneling machine of claim 6, wherein: the volume of the lead cone (33) is V 3 The volume of the spherical cavity (327) is V 2 The volume of the movable cavity (34) is V 1 ，V 1 :V 2 :V 3 =6:6:1。
8. The special mud valve for the shield tunneling machine of claim 6, wherein: the first through hole (324) has an aperture d 1 The diameter of the second through hole (323) is d 2 The aperture of the third through hole (325) is d 3 The diameter of the fourth through hole (326) is d 4 ，d 2 =1.7d 1 ，d 3 =d 2 ，d 4 =2.6d 3 ，3mm≤d 4 ≤5mm。
9. The special mud valve for the shield tunneling machine of claim 5, wherein: the vibration liquid is one of water and vegetable oil.
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