CN115281897A - Metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
- A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
- A61F2310/00395—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of metals or of alloys
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the hip joint prosthesis lining comprises a metal matrix and a ceramic coating positioned on the inner surface of the metal matrix, and the ceramic coating is metallurgically bonded with the metal matrix by adopting a laser cladding technology; the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: A. processing a metal matrix, polishing the inner surface by using abrasive paper, removing an oxide layer, wiping by using alcohol and air-drying; B. cladding a ceramic coating on the inner surface of the metal matrix by using a laser cladding method; C. and (4) performing material reduction processing on the ceramic coating after cladding until the inner lining of the metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis meets the design requirement. The technical scheme of the invention solves the problems of metal ion precipitation, insufficient wear resistance and easy fragmentation of the ceramic lining of the existing metal hip joint lining.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Age-related musculoskeletal diseases are increasing worldwide and prosthetic implantation becomes very important. The wide application of implantable prostheses helps to improve quality of life and help the elderly live healthily. The bone substitute material has great significance for repairing damaged bone tissues, stabilizing fractured bones and structures thereof, providing support and correction functions, achieving the effect of healing or fusing the bones and maintaining the basic health of human bodies. Among them, the artificial joint replacement technology is one of the most important progresses in the field of orthopedics in the twentieth century, among which hip joint replacement surgery is the most common, and hip joint prostheses enable walking only depending on crutches or even disabled persons and arthrodesis patients to walk normally in the past.
Currently, the artificial joint replacement is widely applied in clinic and becomes the best method for treating osteoarthritis. The lining material is divided into ceramic or polyethylene material. Polyethylene has been used for over 40 years as a material for artificial hip replacement, and polyethylene-lined prostheses are widely used due to their stable quality and price advantages, low friction factor and wear rate, good mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. However, periprosthetic osteolysis and aseptic loosening caused by artificial joint wear debris are the major complications of total hip replacement and are the leading cause of prosthetic revision. The last 70 th century began where ceramic-to-ceramic weight bearing interfaces were applied to total hip arthroplasty. Besides higher hardness, better lubrication effect and better wear resistance, the ceramic material also has good biocompatibility, does not release toxic metal ions, and is particularly suitable for young patients with large active amount. However, chipping of the ceramic remains a major factor affecting the life of the ceramic joint. Ceramic fracture is a brittle fracture, which is characterized by rapid crack propagation under slight energy, and has a clear relationship with local scratches and fine fracture, and most of the cracks have no obvious history of trauma. Ceramic fragmentation includes fragmentation of the ceramic femoral head and fragmentation of the ceramic liner. The incidence of cracking of the alumina ceramic head was found to be about 2.4% to 2.8%, with the ceramic liner becoming the major component of ceramic failure, primarily associated with impact of the ceramic liner with the femoral prosthesis stem.
The friction interface between the acetabulum outer cup and the femoral head prosthesis of the prior surface hip joint prosthesis is a metal gold-to-gold interface, although the friction coefficient of the gold-to-gold interface is relatively lower than that of other friction interfaces, the gold-to-gold interface can cause the precipitation of metal ions, which can generate adverse biological reactions including the toxic effect of soft tissues near the joint, delayed hypersensitivity, osteolysis and certain carcinogenicity, and finally leads to the loosening and failure of the prosthesis.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problems of metal ion separation, insufficient wear resistance and easy cracking of a ceramic lining existing in the existing metal hip joint lining, the metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining and the manufacturing method thereof are provided.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
a metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining comprises a metal substrate and a ceramic coating positioned on the inner surface of the metal substrate, wherein the ceramic coating is metallurgically bonded with the metal substrate by adopting a laser cladding technology.
Further, the metal matrix is titanium alloy, stainless steel or cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy.
Further, the ceramic coating is zirconia, alumina-zirconia eutectic ceramic or titanium carbide.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining, which comprises the following steps:
A. processing a metal substrate, polishing the inner surface by using abrasive paper, removing an oxide layer, wiping by using alcohol and air-drying;
B. cladding a ceramic coating on the inner surface of the metal matrix by using a laser cladding method;
C. and (3) performing material reduction processing on the ceramic coating after cladding until the inner lining of the metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis meets the design requirement and the thickness of the ceramic coating is at least 0.5mm.
Further, the metal matrix machining method of step a may employ milling, turning, or additive manufacturing techniques.
Further, the inner diameter of the metal substrate is 28.5 to 30mm.
Furthermore, the thickness of the ceramic coating after the material reduction processing in the step C is 0.5-2 mm.
Further, in the step B, the laser cladding method adopts the following process parameters: the laser power is 800-1400W, the scanning speed is 1-4 mm/s, and the powder feeding amount is 0.5-2.88 g/min.
Further, step a specifically includes: processing a metal matrix, polishing the inner surface by using abrasive paper, removing an oxide layer, wiping by using absolute ethyl alcohol, air-drying, and clamping and fixing the metal matrix on a positioning device;
the step B specifically comprises the following steps:
b-1: respectively connecting an additive deposition heat source, an additive feeding device and an additive protective gas tank to an additive deposition head for laser cladding, and filling powder for laser cladding into the additive feeding device;
b-2: adjusting the position of the metal matrix through a positioning device to ensure that the plane of the inner surface of the metal matrix is vertical to the direction of laser emitted by the additive deposition head;
b-3: adjusting the position of a laser spot emitted by the additive deposition head on the inner surface of the metal matrix, and adjusting the size of the laser spot to focus the laser on the inner surface of the metal matrix, wherein the defocusing amount Z of the laser in an initial state is controlled within a range of +/-3 mm;
b-4: conveying inert gas to the additive deposition head through an additive protection gas tank, wherein the gas pressure of the additive protection gas tank is controlled to be 0.5-0.7 MPa;
b-4: starting an additive deposition heat source and an additive feeding device, providing laser for an additive deposition head through the additive deposition heat source, providing powder for laser cladding for the additive deposition head through the additive feeding device, controlling the motion track of the additive deposition head through a manipulator, controlling a positioning device to drive a metal matrix to rotate at a constant speed, and controlling the additive deposition head to carry out laser cladding on the inner surface of the metal matrix under the conditions that the laser power is 800-1400W, the scanning speed is 1-4 mm/s, and the powder feeding amount is 0.5-2.88 g/min, so as to obtain the ceramic coating.
Further, the material reducing method adopted in the step C is grinding, turning or milling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining and the manufacturing method thereof can improve the wear resistance of the hip joint prosthesis lining, and after the ceramic coating is cladded on the hip joint prosthesis lining by using the laser cladding technology, the surface of the metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining is more wear resistant than that of a gold-to-gold hip joint prosthesis, so that metal ions can be prevented from entering a human body, and the metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining is beneficial to human health.
2. The metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining provided by the invention can effectively improve the impact and crushing resistance of the hip joint prosthesis, effectively prevent the hip joint prosthesis lining from being cracked and prolong the service life of a product.
3. The metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining provided by the invention improves the bonding strength of the metal matrix and the ceramic coating through the metallurgical bonding of metal and ceramic, and the coating has low thermal stress between the metal matrix and the metal matrix, good quality and no defects such as cracks and the like.
Based on the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the field of hip joint linings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a metal-ceramic hip prosthesis liner according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the working condition of the acetabular cup of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the position of the liner of the hip prosthesis of the present invention within the acetabular cup.
In the figure: 1. a material increase protection gas tank; 2. an additive heat source; 3. an additive feeding device; 4. an additive deposition head; 5. a metal substrate; 6. a positioning device; 7. a work table; 8. an acetabular cup; 8-1, a pore structure cup; 8-2, a derivative interlayer; 8-3, lining; 9. the femoral head; 10. a bone handle.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be discussed further in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "over 8230 \ 8230;,"' over 8230;, \8230; upper surface "," above ", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial relationship of one device or feature to another device or feature as shown in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary terms "at 8230; \8230; above" may include both orientations "at 8230; \8230; above" and "at 8230; \8230; below". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and unless otherwise stated, the terms have no special meaning, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2-3, the invention provides a metal-ceramic hip prosthesis lining, which comprises a metal substrate and a ceramic coating positioned on the inner surface of the metal substrate, wherein the ceramic coating is metallurgically bonded with the metal substrate by adopting a laser cladding technology.
Further, the metal matrix is titanium alloy, stainless steel or cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy.
Further, the ceramic coating is zirconia, alumina-zirconia eutectic ceramic or titanium carbide.
Further, the ceramic coating has a thickness of at least 0.5mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the ceramic coating is 0.5-2 mm.
When the acetabular bone liner is used, the inner liner 8-3 is used as the innermost layer of the acetabular cup 8 and is in direct contact with the femoral head 9 at one end of the bone handle 10, the acetabular cup 8 sequentially comprises the hole structure cup 8-1, the derivative interlayer 8-2 and the inner liner 8-3 from outside to inside, wherein the hole structure cup 8-1 and the derivative interlayer 8-2 form an acetabulum which is used for being embedded into a human bone when in use, and the inner liner 8-3 is used for connecting the femoral head 9 with the acetabulum and plays roles of reducing friction and positioning; the adopted ceramic material can avoid the separation of metal ions, not only can improve the wear resistance of the hip joint prosthesis lining, but also can avoid the metal ions from entering the human body, and is beneficial to the health of the human body.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention also provides a manufacturing method of the metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining, which specifically comprises the following steps:
A. processing a metal matrix 5, polishing the inner surface by using abrasive paper, removing an oxide layer, wiping by using alcohol and air-drying;
B. cladding a ceramic coating on the inner surface of the metal matrix 5 by using a laser cladding method;
C. and (3) performing material reduction processing on the ceramic coating after cladding until the inner lining of the metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis meets the design requirement and the thickness of the ceramic coating is at least 0.5mm.
Further, the metal matrix 5 processing method of step a may employ milling, turning, or additive manufacturing techniques.
Furthermore, the inner diameter of the metal substrate 5 is 28.5-30 mm, which is 0.5-2 mm larger than the final inner diameter of the metal lining processed by the prior art, and the outer diameter is 36mm.
Furthermore, the thickness of the ceramic coating after the material reduction processing in the step C is 0.5-2 mm.
Further, in the step B, the laser cladding method adopts the following process parameters: the laser power is 800-1400W, the scanning speed is 1-4 mm/s, and the powder feeding amount is 0.5-2.88 g/min; the liner structure of the metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis prepared under the parameter setting can not crack.
Further, the step a specifically includes: processing a metal matrix 5, polishing the inner surface by using abrasive paper, removing an oxide layer, wiping by using absolute ethyl alcohol, air-drying, removing impurities, oil stains and the like on the surface, and clamping and fixing the metal matrix on a positioning device 6;
the step B specifically comprises the following steps:
b-1: respectively connecting an additive deposition heat source 2, an additive feeding device 3 and an additive protective gas tank 1 to an additive deposition head 4 for laser cladding, and filling powder for laser cladding into the additive feeding device 3;
b-2: the position of the metal matrix 5 is adjusted through the positioning device 6, so that the plane of the inner surface of the metal matrix 5 is perpendicular to the direction of laser emitted by the additive deposition head 4;
b-3: adjusting the position of a laser spot emitted by the additive deposition head 4 on the inner surface of the metal matrix 5, and adjusting the size of the laser spot to focus the laser on the inner surface of the metal matrix, wherein the defocusing amount Z of the laser in an initial state is controlled within a range of +/-3 mm;
b-4: inert gas is conveyed to the additive deposition head 4 through the additive protection gas tank 1, so that the laser cladding process is carried out under the protection of the inert gas, and the gas pressure of the additive protection gas tank 1 is controlled to be 0.5-0.7 MPa;
b-4: starting the additive deposition heat source 2 and the additive feeding device 3, providing laser for the additive deposition head 4 through the additive deposition heat source 2, providing laser cladding powder for the additive deposition head 4 through the additive feeding device 3, controlling the movement track of the additive deposition head 4 through a manipulator, simultaneously controlling the positioning device 6 to drive the metal matrix 5 to rotate at a constant speed, and controlling the additive deposition head 4 to perform laser cladding on the inner surface of the metal matrix 5 under the conditions that the laser power is 800-1400W, the scanning speed is 1-4 mm/s, and the powder feeding amount is 0.5-2.88 g/min to obtain the ceramic coating.
Further, the material reducing method adopted in the step C is grinding, turning or milling.
Further, in this embodiment, laser is used as the additive heat source 2, tiC powder is used as the powder for laser cladding (i.e., ceramic coating), the positioning device 6 is a precision electric turntable, and the additive feeding device 3 is a coaxial powder feeding device.
Preferably, the additive material heat source 2 adopts an FCL 2000 fiber laser, the additive material deposition head 4 adopts an AK190 SERIES-6KW laser processing head, the additive material feeding device 3 adopts an RC-PGF intelligent powder feeder, and a manipulator for controlling the motion track of the additive material deposition head 4 adopts a manipulator of GP 180 or MH 12 type.
Further, the step B-1 also comprises the steps of placing the powder for laser cladding after being sieved into a drying box, drying for more than 4 hours at the temperature of 100-120 ℃, cooling and then loading into the material increase feeding device 3.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the additive feeding device 3 is 0.2r/min, and the outlet flow is set to be 6L/min; the laser power provided by the additive heat source 2 is 1200W; the outlet flow of the additive protection gas tank 1 is set to be 8L/min, and the inert gas is high-purity argon.
Further, the movement track of the manipulator is controlled through a preset program input in the YRC 1000 control cabinet, the scanning speed of the additive deposition head 4 during laser cladding is controlled to be 1mm/s, and the interlayer lifting amount is set to be 1mm.
The wear resistance test of the hip joint prosthesis lining made of only TC4 titanium alloy and the hip joint prosthesis lining with the TC4 titanium alloy metal matrix and the TiC ceramic coating prepared by the method provided by the invention are respectively carried out, and the test results are shown in the following table:
it can be seen that the wear quality of the hip joint prosthesis lining provided by the invention is 10.6% of that of the hip joint prosthesis lining made of TC4 titanium alloy, and through the metallurgical combination of metal and ceramic materials, the hip joint prosthesis lining can effectively prevent metal ions from being separated out, avoid adverse biological reactions, obviously increase the wear resistance, effectively prevent the prosthesis from loosening and losing efficacy, avoid the impact and breakage of the ceramic materials, and prolong the service life of the hip joint prosthesis.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention in nature.
Claims (10)
1. The metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining is characterized by comprising a metal matrix and a ceramic coating positioned on the inner surface of the metal matrix, wherein the ceramic coating is metallurgically bonded with the metal matrix by adopting a laser cladding technology.
2. The metal-ceramic hip prosthesis liner according to claim 1, wherein said metal matrix is a titanium alloy, stainless steel or cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy.
3. The metal-ceramic hip prosthesis liner according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic coating is zirconia, alumina-zirconia eutectic ceramic or titanium carbide.
4. The manufacturing method of the metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis lining is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. processing a metal matrix, polishing the inner surface by using abrasive paper, removing an oxide layer, wiping by using alcohol and air-drying;
B. cladding a ceramic coating on the inner surface of the metal matrix by using a laser cladding method;
C. and (3) performing material reduction processing on the ceramic coating after cladding until the inner lining of the metal-ceramic hip joint prosthesis meets the design requirement and the thickness of the ceramic coating is at least 0.5mm.
5. The method of manufacturing a metal-ceramic hip prosthesis liner according to claim 4, wherein the metal matrix machining of step A is performed by milling, turning or additive manufacturing techniques.
6. The method of manufacturing a metal-ceramic hip prosthesis liner according to claim 4, wherein the metal matrix has an inner diameter of 28.5 to 30mm.
7. The method of manufacturing a metal-ceramic hip prosthesis liner according to claim 4, wherein the thickness of the ceramic coating after the subtractive process in step C is 0.5-2 mm.
8. The method for manufacturing a metal-ceramic hip prosthesis liner according to claim 4, wherein in step B, the laser cladding method adopts the following process parameters: the laser power is 800-1400W, the scanning speed is 1-4 mm/s, and the powder feeding amount is 0.5-2.88 g/min.
9. The method of manufacturing a metal-ceramic hip prosthesis liner according to claim 4,
the step A specifically comprises the following steps: processing a metal matrix, polishing the inner surface by using abrasive paper, removing an oxide layer, wiping by using absolute ethyl alcohol, air-drying, and clamping and fixing the metal matrix on a positioning device;
the step B specifically comprises the following steps:
b-1: respectively connecting an additive deposition heat source, an additive feeding device and an additive protective gas tank to an additive deposition head for laser cladding, and filling powder for laser cladding into the additive feeding device;
b-2: adjusting the position of the metal matrix through a positioning device to ensure that the section of the inner surface of the metal matrix is vertical to the direction of laser emitted by the additive deposition head;
b-3: adjusting the position of a laser spot emitted by the additive deposition head on the inner surface of the metal matrix, and adjusting the size of the laser spot to focus the laser on the inner surface of the metal matrix, wherein the defocusing amount Z of the laser in an initial state is controlled within a range of +/-3 mm;
b-4: conveying inert gas to the additive deposition head through an additive protection gas tank, wherein the gas pressure of the additive protection gas tank is controlled to be 0.5-0.7 MPa;
b-4: starting an additive deposition heat source and an additive feeding device, providing laser for an additive deposition head through the additive deposition heat source, providing powder for laser cladding for the additive deposition head through the additive feeding device, controlling the motion track of the additive deposition head through a manipulator, controlling a positioning device to drive a metal substrate to rotate at a constant speed, and controlling the additive deposition head to carry out laser cladding on the inner surface of the metal substrate under the conditions that the laser power is 800-1400W, the scanning speed is 1-4 mm/s, and the powder feeding amount is 0.5-2.88 g/min, so as to obtain the ceramic coating.
10. The method of claim 4, wherein the material reduction method used in step C is grinding, turning or milling.
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