CN115277826A - Discovery method and system of Internet of things equipment - Google Patents
Discovery method and system of Internet of things equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN115277826A CN115277826A CN202210562298.XA CN202210562298A CN115277826A CN 115277826 A CN115277826 A CN 115277826A CN 202210562298 A CN202210562298 A CN 202210562298A CN 115277826 A CN115277826 A CN 115277826A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/02—Standardisation; Integration
- H04L41/0213—Standardised network management protocols, e.g. simple network management protocol [SNMP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for discovering equipment of the Internet of things, wherein the method comprises the following steps: deploying a multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine and a flow discovery equipment engine in a network in advance; acquiring first equipment data in the Internet of things through a multiprocess SNMP equipment discovery engine; acquiring second equipment data in the Internet of things through a traffic discovery equipment engine; and generating target equipment data in the Internet of things according to the first equipment data and the second equipment data. According to the embodiment of the invention, the two technologies of rapidly discovering the mass network devices by jointly using the SNMP and flow discovery are adopted, so that a large number of devices can be rapidly discovered in a short time, the time of network devices in the Internet of things is shortened, and the device discovery efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Internet of things, in particular to a method and a system for discovering Internet of things equipment.
Background
Asset management is a fundamental function in the security of the internet of things. Asset management is first able to discover devices that are alive in the network. The internet of things often contains a large number of network devices, and the traditional method for discovering the network devices through a scanning mode needs a long time to complete scanning of the address range.
Conventional methods for discovering devices by scanning require configuration of the address range to be scanned. Each ip within the address range is then scanned. If a reply packet is received, it may be determined that the ip address is used by the device. If the scanner needs to wait for a period of time until no reply is received due to a timeout, the ip address is either not used by the device or accidentally not received due to network reasons. To be accurate, the scanning procedure is usually retried several times, and if no reply is received, it is determined that the ip is not used by the corresponding device. When a large number of empty addresses exist in the network, the scanning mode still needs to scan each address one by one, and the whole scanning period takes a very long time.
The prior art is therefore still subject to further development.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a method and a system for discovering an internet of things device, which can solve the technical problem that in the prior art, each address needs to be scanned one by one and each scanning cycle takes a very long time by a method for discovering a device through a scanning manner.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for discovering an internet of things device, including:
deploying a multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine and a flow discovery equipment engine in a network in advance;
acquiring first device data in the Internet of things through a multiprocess SNMP device discovery engine;
acquiring second equipment data in the Internet of things through a traffic discovery equipment engine;
and generating target equipment data in the Internet of things according to the first equipment data and the second equipment data.
Optionally, the obtaining, by a multiprocess SNMP device discovery engine, first device data in the internet of things includes:
acquiring management information base information managed by router equipment in the Internet of things through a multiprocess SNMP equipment discovery engine;
acquiring an IP address table corresponding to the router through the management information base information;
and inquiring IP address tables on all access routers in the network, acquiring address information of IP equipment of all subnets where the routers are located, and generating first equipment data according to the address information.
Optionally, the obtaining, by the traffic discovery device engine, second device data in the internet of things includes:
collecting network flow data in a network through a flow discovery device engine;
analyzing the network flow data to generate a network data packet;
acquiring message information corresponding to the network data packet by analyzing the message of the network data packet;
and acquiring the data of the second equipment according to the message information.
Optionally, the obtaining the message information corresponding to the network data packet by performing message analysis on the network data packet includes:
and analyzing the network data to obtain a source IP address, a source port, a destination IP address, a destination port and a network protocol corresponding to the network data packet.
Optionally, the pre-deploying a multi-process SNMP device discovery engine and a traffic discovery device engine in a network includes:
a multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine is deployed in a network in advance, the multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine adopts a multi-process parallel processing mode, and each process is connected with different access routers;
the method comprises the steps that a traffic discovery device engine is deployed in a network in advance, and the traffic discovery device engine is deployed at a plurality of traffic aggregation points in the network in a distributed deployment mode.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a discovery system for internet of things devices, where the system includes: a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program when executed by the processor implementing the steps of:
a multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine and a flow discovery equipment engine are deployed in a network in advance;
acquiring first device data in the Internet of things through a multiprocess SNMP device discovery engine;
acquiring second equipment data in the Internet of things through a traffic discovery equipment engine;
and generating target equipment data in the Internet of things according to the first equipment data and the second equipment data.
Optionally, the computer program when executed by the processor further implements the steps of:
acquiring management information base information managed by router equipment in the Internet of things through a multiprocess SNMP equipment discovery engine;
acquiring an IP address table corresponding to the router through the management information base information;
and inquiring IP address tables on all access routers in the network, acquiring address information of IP equipment of all subnets where the routers are located, and generating first equipment data according to the address information.
Optionally, the computer program when executed by the processor further implements the steps of:
collecting network flow data in a network through a flow discovery device engine;
analyzing the network flow data to generate a network data packet;
acquiring message information corresponding to the network data packet by analyzing the message of the network data packet;
and acquiring the data of the second equipment according to the message information.
Optionally, the computer program when executed by the processor further implements the steps of:
and analyzing the network data to obtain a source IP address, a source port, a destination IP address, a destination port and a network protocol corresponding to the network data packet.
A third aspect of embodiments of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, where the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by one or more processors, the computer-executable instructions may cause the one or more processors to perform the method for discovering an internet of things device.
In the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, a multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine and a flow discovery equipment engine are deployed in a network in advance; acquiring first device data in the Internet of things through a multiprocess SNMP device discovery engine; acquiring second equipment data in the Internet of things through a traffic discovery equipment engine; and generating target equipment data in the Internet of things according to the first equipment data and the second equipment data. According to the embodiment of the invention, the two technologies of rapidly discovering the mass network devices by jointly using the SNMP and flow discovery are adopted, so that a large number of devices can be rapidly discovered in a short time, the time of network devices in the Internet of things is shortened, and the device discovery efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a discovery method of an internet of things device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-process parallel processing architecture according to an embodiment of a discovery method for internet of things devices in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of another embodiment of a discovery system of an internet of things device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a discovery method for internet of things devices according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, includes:
step S100, a multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine and a flow discovery equipment engine are deployed in a network in advance;
s200, acquiring first equipment data in the Internet of things through a multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine;
step S300, acquiring second equipment data in the Internet of things through a traffic discovery equipment engine;
and S400, generating target equipment data in the Internet of things according to the first equipment data and the second equipment data.
In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a multi-process parallel processing architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The embodiment of the invention deploys a multi-process SNMP device discovery engine and a flow discovery device engine in a Network in advance, wherein SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a very important Protocol, various parameters (including setting parameters and state parameters) are written into an MIB library on a monitored device, and the parameters (such as port flow, CPU utilization rate and the like) can be read through various Network Management software, and even the parameters (such as port rate, duplex mode, port MTU and the like) are modified. The interaction between the network management software and the monitored equipment is realized through the SNMP protocol.
The SNMP network management consists of the following parts:
a network management station or management process (Manager) for managing the network management software running on the workstation, the common network software being: cisco Works, HP OpenView, solarwind, microsoft SMS, MRTG, whatsup, etc. The SNMP component part is equivalent to the role of the Client.
The managed device: including routers, switches, servers, printers, etc., that may be network managed.
The Agent program (Agent) is integrated in the managed device, the SNMP Server program for running the managed device plays the role of a Server, and the SNMP configuration command of the Cisco IOS starts with a SNMP-Server.
A MIB (Management Information Base) containing parameters of all agent processes that can be queried and modified is written into a MIB library by various parameters (including setting parameters, status parameters) on the monitored device. The MIB organizes data in Object Identifiers (OIDs). An OID is a sequence of integers divided by points ("-"), which form a tree-like structure, similar to a DNS or Linux file system. The OID starts at the top of the tree, which is not identified and is denoted root. The OIDs are managed and distributed by an authority.
The interactive messages between the SNMP management process and the agent process are divided into 4 types:
get-request operation: one or more values are requested from the management process to the proxy process (udp 161). The snmpget command under linux is to complete this operation.
get-next-request operation: the next parameter value of the one or more parameters is requested from the broker process (udp 161). The snmpwalk command accomplishes this operation.
get-response operation: one or more parameter values are returned in response to a request submitted by the management process, and are sent from the UDP 161 port of the proxy process.
set-request operation: setting one or more parameter values of the agent process can be a very dangerous operation. The port opened by the proxy process is udp 161, snmpset performs this operation.
Acquiring first device data in the Internet of things through a multiprocess SNMP device discovery engine; acquiring second equipment data in the Internet of things through a traffic discovery equipment engine; and generating target equipment data in the Internet of things according to the first equipment data and the second equipment data. There are situations where the same device is grabbed multiple times, but this does not cause any conflicts or problems. This means that the same device is discovered in a number of different ways. Traffic aggregation points refer to those devices in the network, typically the core switches, through which network traffic passes. Aggregation switches or core switches are both traffic aggregation points in the network, and the specific location is related to the field network deployment. The traffic discovery device engine has corresponding hardware and software.
Further, acquiring the first device data in the internet of things through a multi-process SNMP device discovery engine, comprising:
acquiring management information base information managed by router equipment in the Internet of things through a multiprocess SNMP equipment discovery engine;
acquiring an IP address table corresponding to the router through the management information base information;
and inquiring IP address tables on all access routers in the network, acquiring address information of IP equipment of all subnets where the routers are located, and generating first equipment data according to the address information.
Specifically, the concentration of the active ingredient is controlled. In the network, a table called ipAddrTable is provided in the MIB information managed by the router device, and the table contains address information of all ip devices in the subnet where the router is located. The address information of the ip devices of all the subnets where the router is located can be obtained by inquiring the table through the SNMP protocol. The lower diagram is the ip address information returned by ipAddrTable on query router 10.200.60.161.
In an actual network, by querying the ipaddrtables on all access routers in the network, the ip address information of all devices in the network can be rapidly acquired in large batch, and first device data is generated according to the address information.
Further, acquiring, by the traffic discovery device engine, second device data in the internet of things includes:
collecting network flow data in a network through a flow discovery device engine;
analyzing the network flow data to generate a network data packet;
acquiring message information corresponding to the network data packet by analyzing the message of the network data packet;
and acquiring the data of the second equipment according to the message information.
In particular, the devices generate network traffic when communicating in the network. Devices typically communicate over a network using TCP or UDP protocols. By acquiring network flow and extracting network address information in the network flow, which IPs are used can be judged, thereby achieving the purpose of equipment discovery.
Specifically, this approach requires deployment of traffic collection devices in the network. The traffic collection device may be connected to a core switch in the network in a bypass deployment. The core switch forwards and copies the network traffic to the traffic collection device through the mirror interface. After the traffic collection device acquires the network data packet, quintuple information in the data packet is extracted through message analysis, and second device data are acquired according to quintuple data.
In an actual network, the network equipment which is in communication can be rapidly found in a large batch mode. Especially in a video network, the camera continuously transmits video data to the video server, and the method can quickly discover camera equipment in the network in large batch.
Further, the obtaining of the message information corresponding to the network data packet by performing message parsing on the network data packet includes:
and analyzing the network data to obtain a source IP address, a source port, a destination IP address, a destination port and a network protocol corresponding to the network data packet.
In specific implementation, the five-tuple information of a network packet includes a source IP address, a source port, a destination IP address, a destination port, and a network protocol. From each extracted quintuple, we can determine that both the source IP and the destination IP have corresponding devices in use. So that the source IP device and the destination IP device can be discovered.
Further, deploying the multi-process SNMP device discovery engine and the traffic discovery device engine in the network in advance, comprising:
a multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine is deployed in a network in advance, the multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine adopts a multi-process parallel processing mode, and each process is connected with different access routers;
the method comprises the steps that a traffic discovery device engine is deployed in a network in advance, and the traffic discovery device engine is deployed at a plurality of traffic aggregation points in the network in a distributed deployment mode.
In specific implementation, first, a network address is divided into a plurality of different network segments, and devices in each network segment access a network through an access router. Although the devices under the access router can be discovered from each router through SNMP, it takes a very long time if the devices are discovered by connecting different routers one by one in a serial manner. Therefore, in order to improve the discovery speed and achieve the aim of discovering ten thousand devices in 5 minutes, the patent uses a distributed parallel algorithm to improve the discovery speed. Specifically, this patent deploys two device discovery engines. One is SNMP equipment discovery engine, which adopts a multi-process parallel processing mode, each process is connected with different access routers, and equipment information is acquired from the access routers through SNMP. Each access router is responsible for accessing different network segments and comprises ipAddrTable tables of different network segments. By parallel query of a plurality of processes and summary query results, query efficiency can be improved. The other is a traffic discovery device engine, which is deployed at a plurality of traffic aggregation points in a network in a distributed deployment manner, and discovers devices by capturing information of IP quintuple in traffic.
Parallel processing refers to a task that is collectively completed by a plurality of processes. A task is typically broken up into several subtasks, with each process being responsible for processing one subtask. In the embodiment of the invention, when equipment is discovered through SNMP, SNMP related tables of a plurality of access routers need to be inquired. Through multiple processes, each process queries a table of one access router, so that tasks are completed in parallel, and the aim of discovering ten thousand devices in 5 minutes is fulfilled.
It should be noted that, a certain order does not necessarily exist between the above steps, and it can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the description of the embodiments of the present invention that, in different embodiments, the above steps may have different execution orders, that is, may be executed in parallel, may also be executed interchangeably, and the like.
With reference to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of another embodiment of a discovery system of an internet of things device in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, a system 10 includes: a memory 101, a processor 102 and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program realizing the following steps when executed by the processor 101:
a multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine and a flow discovery equipment engine are deployed in a network in advance;
acquiring first device data in the Internet of things through a multiprocess SNMP device discovery engine;
acquiring second equipment data in the Internet of things through a traffic discovery equipment engine;
and generating target equipment data in the Internet of things according to the first equipment data and the second equipment data.
The specific implementation steps are the same as those of the method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
Optionally, the computer program when executed by the processor 101 further implements the steps of:
acquiring management information base information managed by router equipment in the Internet of things through a multiprocess SNMP equipment discovery engine;
acquiring an IP address table corresponding to the router through the management information base information;
and inquiring IP address tables on all access routers in the network, acquiring address information of IP equipment of all subnets where the routers are located, and generating first equipment data according to the address information.
The specific implementation steps are the same as those of the method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
Optionally, the computer program when executed by the processor 101 further realizes the steps of:
collecting network flow data in a network through a flow discovery device engine;
analyzing the network flow data to generate a network data packet;
acquiring message information corresponding to the network data packet by analyzing the message of the network data packet;
and acquiring the data of the second equipment according to the message information.
The specific implementation steps are the same as those of the method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
Optionally, the computer program when executed by the processor 101 further realizes the steps of:
and analyzing the network data to obtain a source IP address, a source port, a destination IP address, a destination port and a network protocol corresponding to the network data packet.
The specific implementation steps are the same as those of the method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
Optionally, the computer program when executed by the processor 101 further implements the steps of:
a multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine is deployed in a network in advance, the multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine adopts a multi-process parallel processing mode, and each process is connected with different access routers;
the method comprises the steps of deploying a traffic discovery device engine in a network in advance, wherein the traffic discovery device engine is deployed at a plurality of traffic aggregation points in the network in a distributed deployment mode.
The specific implementation steps are the same as those of the method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for execution by one or more processors, for example, to perform method steps S100-S400 of fig. 1 described above.
By way of example, nonvolatile storage media can include Read Only Memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as Synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM, (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and Direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). The disclosed memory components or memory of the operating environment described in embodiments of the invention are intended to comprise one or more of these and/or any other suitable types of memory.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A discovery method of Internet of things equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
deploying a multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine and a flow discovery equipment engine in a network in advance;
acquiring first device data in the Internet of things through a multiprocess SNMP device discovery engine;
acquiring second equipment data in the Internet of things through a traffic discovery equipment engine;
and generating target equipment data in the Internet of things according to the first equipment data and the second equipment data.
2. The method for discovering device of internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining first device data in internet of things by a multi-process SNMP device discovery engine comprises:
acquiring management information base information managed by router equipment in the Internet of things through a multiprocess SNMP equipment discovery engine;
acquiring an IP address table corresponding to the router through the management information base information;
and inquiring IP address tables on all access routers in the network, acquiring address information of IP equipment of all subnets where the routers are positioned, and generating first equipment data according to the address information.
3. The method for discovering device of internet of things according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining second device data in internet of things by the traffic discovery device engine comprises:
collecting network flow data in a network through a flow discovery device engine;
analyzing the network flow data to generate a network data packet;
acquiring message information corresponding to the network data packet by analyzing the message of the network data packet;
and acquiring the data of the second equipment according to the message information.
4. The method for discovering internet of things equipment according to claim 3, wherein the obtaining of message information corresponding to a network data packet by performing message parsing on the network data packet comprises:
and analyzing the network data to obtain a source IP address, a source port, a destination IP address, a destination port and a network protocol corresponding to the network data packet.
5. The method for discovering device of internet of things according to claim 4, wherein the pre-deploying a multi-process SNMP device discovery engine and a traffic discovery device engine in a network comprises:
a multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine is deployed in a network in advance, the multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine adopts a multi-process parallel processing mode, and each process is connected with different access routers;
the method comprises the steps that a traffic discovery device engine is deployed in a network in advance, and the traffic discovery device engine is deployed at a plurality of traffic aggregation points in the network in a distributed deployment mode.
6. A discovery system for internet of things devices, the system comprising: a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program when executed by the processor implementing the steps of:
a multi-process SNMP equipment discovery engine and a flow discovery equipment engine are deployed in a network in advance;
acquiring first equipment data in the Internet of things through a multiprocess SNMP equipment discovery engine;
acquiring second equipment data in the Internet of things through a traffic discovery equipment engine;
and generating target equipment data in the Internet of things according to the first equipment data and the second equipment data.
7. The internet of things device discovery system of claim 6, wherein said computer program when executed by said processor further performs the steps of:
acquiring management information base information managed by router equipment in the Internet of things through a multiprocess SNMP equipment discovery engine;
acquiring an IP address table corresponding to the router through the management information base information;
and inquiring IP address tables on all access routers in the network, acquiring address information of IP equipment of all subnets where the routers are positioned, and generating first equipment data according to the address information.
8. The internet of things device discovery system of claim 7, wherein said computer program when executed by said processor further performs the steps of:
collecting network flow data in a network through a flow discovery device engine;
analyzing the network flow data to generate a network data packet;
acquiring message information corresponding to the network data packet by analyzing the message of the network data packet;
and acquiring the data of the second equipment according to the message information.
9. The internet of things device discovery system of claim 8, wherein said computer program when executed by said processor further performs the steps of:
and analyzing the network data to obtain a source IP address, a source port, a destination IP address, a destination port and a network protocol corresponding to the network data packet.
10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the method of discovering an internet of things device of any of claims 1-5.
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