CN115273644B - Science popularization device for displaying bridge damping structure and effect - Google Patents
Science popularization device for displaying bridge damping structure and effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN115273644B CN115273644B CN202211087075.9A CN202211087075A CN115273644B CN 115273644 B CN115273644 B CN 115273644B CN 202211087075 A CN202211087075 A CN 202211087075A CN 115273644 B CN115273644 B CN 115273644B
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001513371 Knautia arvensis Species 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/04—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of buildings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a science popularization device for displaying a damping structure and effect of a bridge, which comprises a substrate, an excitation device and the bridge, wherein the excitation device is positioned below the substrate and connected with the substrate, and is used for simulating earthquake vibration and transmitting the vibration to the substrate; the bridge is arranged above the base plate and is divided into an anti-seismic bridge and a comparison bridge, the anti-seismic bridge comprises a first bridge pier arranged on the base plate and a first bridge deck supported on the first bridge pier, the comparison bridge comprises a second bridge pier arranged on the base plate and a second bridge deck supported on the second bridge pier, and the first bridge pier is different from the second bridge pier in that the first bridge pier is provided with a shock absorber. The invention can intuitively display the damping principle and the damping effect of the damper and can deepen the impression of the audience.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge damping principle simulation and popular science exhibits, in particular to a popular science device for displaying bridge damping structure and effect.
Background
The sea bridge is the sea bridge which has the highest earthquake resistance and wind resistance level and only spans the earthquake activity fault in China at present, the high construction difficulty is attractive to the same person worldwide, and the damping and shock absorbing system is an indispensable part of the sea bridge for realizing the wind resistance and the earthquake resistance required by the sea bridge. Because the earthquake wave is divided into longitudinal wave and transverse wave, and the destructive power of transverse wave is stronger, the sea bridge adopts a mode that a floating structure is combined with a viscous damper in the vertical direction to absorb shock, and adopts an E-shaped steel damper in the horizontal direction to absorb shock.
At present, in the field of science popularization exhibit design and the technical field of teaching aids, there is no science popularization exhibit for exhibiting a bridge damping structure. The existing shock absorber or shock absorber display device usually focuses on the display of the mechanism of the fixing device, and has less display of specific shock absorption effects, and is also embodied in some comparatively abstract systems, so that the important role of the shock absorption mechanism in the building is not convenient for a viewer to know more intuitively.
The difficulty of designing the exhibit which can be more easily understood by audiences and can better science popularization and earthquake-resistant knowledge is that the exhibit has a certain action mechanism for displaying, cannot be limited by theoretical description, and also focuses on the prominence of the effect, so that the impression of the audiences is enhanced, and the purposes of scientific, interesting and interactive performance of the exhibit are achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a popular science device for displaying the damping structure and effect of a bridge, which can intuitively display the damping principle and damping effect of a damper, and can enhance the impression of the audience.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the science popularization device for displaying the damping structure and effect of the bridge comprises the following components:
a substrate;
the vibration excitation device is positioned below the substrate and connected with the substrate, and is used for simulating earthquake vibration and transmitting the vibration to the substrate;
the bridge, the bridge sets up just divide into anti-seismic bridge and contrast bridge above the base plate, anti-seismic bridge is including setting up first pier on the base plate and support first bridge floor on the first pier, contrast bridge is including setting up second pier on the base plate and support the second bridge floor on the second pier, first pier with the difference of second pier is in first pier has the bumper shock absorber.
According to the science popularization device for displaying the damping structure and effect of the bridge, which is disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, excitation with certain frequency and amplitude is generated through the excitation device, and the earthquake vibration is simulated, so that the base plate is vibrated. By comparing and observing the damper of the first pier and the second pier of the anti-seismic bridge, the audience can intuitively and easily understand the structure and the damping principle of the damper; through contrast observation first bridge floor and second bridge floor, the vibration effect's on the first bridge floor sign and the vibration effect's on the second bridge floor sign, can make the spectator can see the shock attenuation effect of bumper shock absorber directly perceivedly. The popular science device for displaying the damping structure and the damping effect of the bridge, which is disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, enables the impression of spectators to be profound by intuitively displaying the damping principle and the damping effect of the damper, achieves the purposes of scientific and interesting exhibits, and effectively shows the serious harm of earthquake disasters to the bridge and other buildings, and the important effect of the damping effect of the damper on the bridge stability and earthquake resistance.
In some embodiments, the first bridge pier comprises a first support, the shock absorber and a first pier column which are sequentially connected from bottom to top, the first support is fixed on the base plate, and the first bridge deck is supported on the first pier column.
In some embodiments, the shock absorber comprises one or both of an E-shaped shock absorber and a hydraulic shock absorber, the E-shaped shock absorber and the hydraulic shock absorber being mounted on a mount, the mount being connected between the first mount and the first pier stud.
In some embodiments, the mounting base comprises a connecting plate, a first mounting base and a second mounting base which are separated, the first mounting base and the second mounting base are oppositely arranged in the length direction of the anti-seismic bridge, the upper end of the first mounting base is fixed with the lower end of the first pier stud, the lower end of the first mounting base is suspended, the lower end of the second mounting base is fixed with the upper end of the first support, the upper end of the second mounting base is suspended, and the connecting plate is arranged between the first mounting base and the second mounting base and is mounted on the first mounting base and the second mounting base through a first vertical pin shaft;
the E-shaped shock absorber is horizontally arranged on one side of the connecting plate, two ends of the E-shaped shock absorber respectively extend into the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat, and the first vertical pin shaft penetrates through the E-shaped shock absorber; or/and the hydraulic shock absorbers are arranged along the length direction of the shock-resistant bridge, and the hydraulic shock absorbers are mounted on the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat.
In some embodiments, the first vertical pin is a medium temperature tempered stainless steel pin.
In some embodiments, the shock absorber has an outer horizontal dimension that matches an outer horizontal dimension of the first pier, and the shock absorber has a height dimension that is no less than half of a height dimension of the first pier.
In some embodiments, the excitation device comprises a case, a voice coil motor, and a transmission mechanism; the top of the box body is provided with a sliding rail extending along the width direction of the anti-seismic bridge, the lower surface of the base plate is provided with a sliding block, and the base plate is supported on the sliding rail through the sliding block; the voice coil motor is arranged in the box body, and the transmission mechanism is respectively connected with the voice coil motor and the base plate; the transmission mechanism transmits vibration generated by the voice coil motor to the base plate, and the base plate vibrates along the sliding rail.
In some embodiments, the transmission mechanism is a transmission plate, one end of the transmission plate is connected with the voice coil motor, and the other end of the transmission plate is connected with the base plate;
the transmission mechanism is a stroke amplifying mechanism, the stroke amplifying mechanism comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are all horizontally arranged, the first connecting rod and the third connecting rod are parallel and are positioned on one side of the second connecting rod, the length of the third connecting rod is larger than that of the first connecting rod, and the position of the third connecting rod is higher than that of the first connecting rod; one end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the voice coil motor, the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the middle of the second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the box body, the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged with one end of the third connecting rod, and the other end of the third connecting rod is connected with the base plate.
In some embodiments, the excitation device further comprises an operating handle disposed on the housing, the operating handle for adjusting the frequency and amplitude of the voice coil motor.
In some embodiments, the bridge further comprises a transparent cover disposed on the excitation device, and the bridge and the substrate are both located within the transparent cover.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a science popularization device showing the shock absorbing structure and effect of a bridge according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view at B-B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view at C in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at D in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view at E in FIG. 2;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a stroke amplifying mechanism of a science popularization device showing a bridge shock absorbing structure and effect according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
science popularization device 1000 for displaying bridge damping structure and effect; an excitation device 1; a case 101; a voice coil motor 102; a transmission mechanism 103; a drive board 1031; a stroke amplifying mechanism 1032; a first link 1032a; a second link 1032b; a third link 1032c; a slide rail 104; an operation handle 105; a transparent cover 5; a substrate 2; a slider 201; an anti-seismic bridge 3; a first bridge pier 301; a first support 3011; a first pier post 3012; a damper 3013; an E-type shock absorber 30131; hydraulic shock absorbers 30132; a mount 30133; a connection plate 30133a; a first mount 30133b; a second mount 30133c; a first vertical pin 30133d; a second vertical pin 30133e; a first deck 302; a first cable tower structure 303; a third bridge pier 3031; a damper 30311; a first cable tower 3032; a first cable 3033; a control bridge 4; a second bridge pier 401; a second support 4011; a second pier stud 4012; a second deck 402; a second cable tower structure 403; fourth bridge pier 4031; a second cable tower 4032; a second cord 4033; a transparent cover 5.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
A popular science apparatus 1000 showing the shock absorbing structure and effect of a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 8.
As shown in fig. 1 and 8, a science popularization device 1000 for displaying a damping structure and effect of a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base plate 2, an excitation device 1, and a bridge. The vibration excitation device 1 is positioned below the substrate 2 and connected with the substrate 2, and the vibration excitation device 1 is used for simulating earthquake vibration and transmitting the vibration to the substrate 2; the bridge is disposed above the base plate 2 and is divided into an earthquake-resistant bridge 3 and a comparison bridge 4, the earthquake-resistant bridge 3 includes a first bridge pier 301 disposed on the base plate 2 and a first bridge deck 302 supported on the first bridge pier 301, the comparison bridge 4 includes a second bridge pier 401 disposed on the base plate 2 and a second bridge deck 402 supported on the second bridge pier 401, and the first bridge pier 301 is different from the second bridge pier 401 in that the first bridge pier 301 has a shock absorber 3013.
Specifically, the excitation device 1 is located below the substrate 2 and connected to the substrate 2, and the excitation device 1 is configured to simulate seismic vibrations and transmit the vibrations to the substrate 2. It can be understood that the excitation device 1 generates excitation with a certain frequency and amplitude, simulates earthquake vibration, and transmits the vibration to the substrate 2, so that the substrate 2 vibrates.
The bridge is disposed above the substrate 2, i.e., the bridge is fixed on the upper surface of the substrate 2 as a phenomenon exhibiting portion. In order to demonstrate the shock-absorbing structure and effect of the bridge, the bridge is divided into a shock-resistant bridge 3 and a contrast bridge 4. The shock-resistant bridge 3 and the contrast bridge 4 are similar in structure and external dimensions, except that the shock-resistant bridge 3 has a damper 3013 and the contrast bridge 4 has no damper. In more detail, the shock-resistant bridge 3 comprises a first bridge pier 301 arranged on the base plate 2 and a first bridge deck 302 supported on the first bridge pier 301, the contrast bridge 4 comprises a second bridge pier 401 arranged on the base plate 2 and a second bridge deck 402 supported on the second bridge pier 401, the first bridge pier 301 differs from the second bridge pier 401 in that the first bridge pier 301 has a shock absorber 3013, i.e. the first bridge pier 301 is provided with a shock absorber 3013, the structure of which shock absorber 3013 can be intuitively displayed in front of the audience, and the second bridge pier 401 has no shock absorber.
When the excitation device 1 generates excitation, the base plate 2 vibrates, the vibration absorber 3013 is arranged on the first bridge pier 301 of the anti-vibration bridge 3, the energy of the vibration absorber 3013 is consumed and deformed, the energy transmitted to the first bridge pier 301 by the base plate 2 is dissipated, a viewer can intuitively watch the energy consumption deformation process of the vibration absorber 3013, the second bridge pier 401 of the comparison bridge 4 does not have a vibration absorption and energy consumption function because of no vibration absorber, the viewer can intuitively and easily understand the vibration absorption principle of the vibration absorber 3013 by comparing and observing the vibration conditions of the first bridge deck 302 and the second bridge deck 402, and the viewer can intuitively watch the vibration absorption effect of the vibration absorber 3013. In order to amplify the vibration effect of the earthquake, the vibration effect of the vibration absorber 3013 is more intuitively displayed, and the first bridge deck 302 and the second bridge deck 402 may be provided with a marker for displaying the vibration effect, for example, vehicle saplings are respectively placed on the first bridge deck 302 and the second bridge deck 402, or an elastic flexible shaft is respectively erected on the first bridge deck 302 and the second bridge deck 402, so that when the vibration excitation device 1 generates vibration, the vibration degree of the first bridge deck 302 and the second bridge deck 402 can be more obviously seen by observing the saplings on the first bridge deck 302 and the second bridge deck 402 or the intensity of the vibration of the elastic flexible shaft on the first bridge deck 302 and the second bridge deck 402.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3 and 8, the appearance designs of the shock-resistant bridge 3 and the comparison bridge 4 according to the embodiments of the present invention may refer to the appearance structure of the actual sea bridge, and the appearance sizes of the shock-resistant bridge 3 and the comparison bridge 4 are adjusted relative to the appearance size of the sea bridge in consideration of the aesthetic property and the display effect, and in particular, the appearance sizes of the shock absorbers 3013 of the shock-resistant bridge 3 are exaggerated to enhance the display effect. The shock-resistant bridge 3 includes a first cable tower structure 303 in addition to the first bridge pier 301 and the first deck 302 described above; the first cable tower structure 303 includes a third bridge pier 3031, a first cable tower 3032 and a first cable rope 3033 (see fig. 8), the third bridge pier 3031 is disposed on the base plate 2, the third bridge pier 3031 is provided with a damper 30311 (see fig. 2), and the structure of the damper 30311 can be intuitively displayed in front of the audience, and the damper 30311 on the third bridge pier 3031 may be the same as or different from the damper 3013 on the first bridge pier 301. The first cable tower 3032 spans the first bridge deck 302 and is supported on the third bridge pier 3031, the first cable rope 3033 (see fig. 8) passes through the upper end perforation of the first cable tower 3032, and the two ends of the first cable rope 3033 are respectively fixed on the first bridge deck 302 through the first movable joint bolts, so that the characteristics of the cable-stayed bridge are different from the actual sea-state bridge body, the characteristics of the cable-stayed bridge are weakened to a certain extent, the integral attractive coordination of the product is ensured, and the display purpose and effect of the popular science device 1000 for displaying the damping structure and effect of the bridge are not influenced. The control bridge 4 comprises a second cable tower 4032 structure 403 in addition to the second bridge pier 401 and the second bridge deck 402; the second cable tower 4032 structure 403 includes a fourth bridge pier 4031, a second cable tower 4032 and a second cable rope 4033 (see fig. 8), the fourth bridge pier 4031 is disposed on the base plate 2, the fourth bridge pier 4031 is free from a damper, the second cable tower 4032 spans the second bridge deck 402 and is supported on the fourth bridge pier 4031, the second cable rope 4033 passes through the upper end perforation of the second cable tower 4032, and two ends of the second cable rope 4033 are respectively fixed on the second bridge deck 402 through second movable bolts, which is different from the actual sea-state bridge body, and weakens the characteristics of the cable stayed bridge to a certain extent, but ensures the overall beautiful harmony of the product, and does not affect the display purpose and effect of the device. The anti-seismic bridge 3 and the comparison bridge 4 of the embodiment of the invention adopt bridge body structures imitating the actual appearance of the sea bridge, which is beneficial to the masses to deeply understand the mysterious of the large country engineering through the sea bridge.
In the same way, when the excitation device 1 generates excitation, the base plate 2 vibrates, the damper 30311 generates energy-consuming deformation due to the fact that the damper 30311 is arranged on the third bridge pier 3031 of the anti-vibration bridge 3, energy transmitted to the third bridge pier 3031 by the base plate 2 is dissipated, a viewer can intuitively watch the energy-consuming deformation process of the damper 30311, the fourth bridge pier 4031 of the comparison bridge 4 does not have a damping and energy-consuming function due to the fact that the damper 30311 is not used, the viewer can intuitively and easily understand the damping principle of the damper 30311 by comparing and observing the vibration conditions of the first cable tower 3032 and the second cable tower 4032, and the viewer can intuitively see the damping effect of the damper 30311 by comparing and observing the vibration conditions of the first cable tower 3032 and the second cable tower 4032.
According to the science popularization device 1000 for displaying the damping structure and effect of the bridge, which is disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, excitation with certain frequency and amplitude is generated by the excitation device 1, and the earthquake vibration is simulated, so that the base plate 2 vibrates. By comparing and observing the shock absorber 3013 and the second bridge pier 401 of the first bridge pier 301 of the shock-resistant bridge 3, a viewer can intuitively and easily understand the structure and the shock absorption principle of the shock absorber 3013; by comparing the first deck 302 with the second deck 402, the marker of the vibration effect on the first deck 302 with the marker of the vibration effect on the second deck 402, it is possible for the viewer to intuitively see the vibration absorbing effect of the damper 3013. The popular science device 1000 for displaying the damping structure and effect of the bridge provided by the embodiment of the invention can visually display the damping principle and the damping effect of the damper 3013, so that the impression of spectators is profound, the purposes of scientific and interesting exhibits, and the serious harm of earthquake disasters to buildings such as bridges and the like and the important effect of the damping effect of the damper 3013 on the stability and the shock resistance of the bridge are effectively shown.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the first bridge pier 301 includes a first support 3011, a shock absorber 3013, and a first pier stud 3012 sequentially connected from bottom to top, the first support 3011 is fixed on the base plate 2 to provide a mounting position for the shock absorber 3013, and the first bridge deck 302 is supported on the first pier stud 3012. By arranging the damper 3013 between the first support 3011 and the first pier stud 3012, vibration energy transferred from the base plate 2 can be dissipated, and vibration of the base plate 2 is prevented from being transferred to the first bridge deck 302, so that a vibration damping effect of the first bridge deck 302 is achieved. As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the second bridge pier 401 includes a second support 4011 and a second pier stud 4012 sequentially connected from bottom to top, the second support 4011 is fixed on the base plate 2 to provide support for the second pier stud 4012, and the second bridge deck 402 is supported on the second pier stud 4012. Since the second support 4011 and the second pier stud 4012 are directly rigidly connected without a damper therebetween, the vibration of the base plate 2 is transmitted to the second deck 402 through the second pier 401, so that the second deck 402 vibrates significantly with respect to the first deck 302. Thus, by comparing and observing the damper 3013 and the second bridge pier 401 of the first bridge pier 301 of the shock-resistant bridge 3, the viewer can intuitively and easily understand the structure and the damping principle of the damper 3013; by comparing the first deck 302 with the second deck 402, the marker of the vibration effect on the first deck 302 with the marker of the vibration effect on the second deck 402, it is possible for the viewer to intuitively see the vibration absorbing effect of the damper 3013.
In some embodiments, the shock absorber 3013 includes one or both of an E-shaped shock absorber 30131 and a hydraulic shock absorber 30132, and the E-shaped shock absorber 30131 and/or the hydraulic shock absorber 30132 are mounted on a mount 30133, with a mount 30133 connected between the first mount 3011 and the first pier stud 3012. That is, only the E-shaped shock absorber 30131, only the outsourced hydraulic shock absorber 30132, and both the E-shaped shock absorber 30131 and the hydraulic shock absorber 30132 (as shown in fig. 4) may be installed between the first mount 3011 and the first pier stud 3012. In contrast, it is better to install both the E-type shock absorber 30131 and the hydraulic shock absorber 30132 than to install only the E-type shock absorber 30131 or the hydraulic shock absorber 30132.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the mount 30133 includes a connection plate 30133a, a split first mount 30133b and a second mount 30133c, where the first mount 30133b and the second mount 30133c are disposed opposite to each other in the length direction of the anti-seismic bridge 3, the upper end of the first mount 30133b is fixed to the lower end of the first pier 3012, the lower end of the first mount 30133b is suspended, the lower end of the second mount 30133c is fixed to the upper end of the first support 3011, the upper end of the second mount 30133c is suspended, and the connection plate 30133a is disposed between the first mount 30133b and the second mount 30133c and connected to the first mount 30133b and the second mount 30133c by a first vertical pin 30133 d. The structural design of the mounting base 30133 facilitates the installation of the E-type shock absorber 30131 and the hydraulic shock absorber 30132, and facilitates the visual observation of the shock absorber 3013 and the deformation energy consumption process of the shock absorber 3013 by a viewer. The E-shaped shock absorber 30131 is horizontally arranged on one side of the connecting plate 30133a, two ends of the E-shaped shock absorber 3013 respectively extend into the first mounting seat 30133b and the second mounting seat 30133c, and the first vertical pin shaft 30133d penetrates through the E-shaped shock absorber 30131 and the connecting plate 30133a; preferably, the number of connection plates 30133a and E-type dampers 30131 is the same and each is plural, for example, as shown in fig. 1, the number of connection plates 30133a and E-type dampers 30131 is 2 each; preferably, a second vertical pin 30133E is also included, the second vertical pin 30133E passing through the connection plate 30133a and the middle section of the E-shaped damper 30131. The hydraulic dampers 30132 are arranged along the length direction of the shock-resistant bridge 3, and the hydraulic dampers 30132 are mounted on the first mounting seat 30133b and the second mounting seat 30133c, that is, the hydraulic dampers 30132 realize positioning and fixing in the vertical direction through the split first mounting seat 30133b and the split second mounting seat 30133 c. As shown in fig. 1, in the case where the hydraulic damper 30132 and the E-shaped damper 30131 are installed at the same time, on the one hand, excitation is generated by the excitation device 1, and vibration energy in the horizontal direction is absorbed by the hydraulic damper 30132, and the E-shaped damper 30131 is plastically deformed during vibration, so that the working principle of the actual bridge damper 3013 is shown to the audience, and on the other hand, in the case where the vibration load is small, a good vibration damping effect can be achieved.
Preferably, the E-shaped shock absorber 3013 adopts 6061 aluminum alloy plates with lower compressive yield strength, and can ensure that half of the time in the vibration process is in a plastic deformation state, so that the working principle of the shock absorber 3013 of an actual bridge is shown to a viewer.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the first vertical pin 30133d and the second vertical pin 30133E are stainless steel pins with medium temperature tempering treatment, so that the first vertical pin 30133d and the second vertical pin 30133E can be prevented from being scratched by the E-shaped damper 30131 with plastic deformation to fail the interference fit.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the outer horizontal dimension of the shock absorber 3013 matches the outer horizontal dimension of the first pier stud 3012, and the height dimension of the shock absorber 3013 is not less than half the height dimension of the first pier stud 301. That is, compared with the external dimension of the damper 3013 in the engineering actual bridge, the external dimension of the damper 3013 in this embodiment is enlarged relative to the external dimension of the anti-seismic bridge 3, so that the existence of the damper 3013 and the vibration reduction effect of the damper 3013 are emphasized, and the display purpose of the science popularization device 1000 for displaying the vibration reduction structure and effect of the bridge is better reflected. In the same way, the external dimension of the damper 30311 is enlarged, so that the existence and the vibration reduction effect of the damper 30311 are emphasized, and the display purpose of the popular science device 1000 for displaying the vibration reduction structure and the effect of the bridge is better reflected.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the excitation device 1 includes a case 101, a voice coil motor 102, and a transmission 103. The box 101 can be made of aluminum profiles, is economical and convenient, and can hide the voice coil motor 102 and the transmission mechanism 103, so that the attractiveness of the voice coil motor is improved. The top of the box body 101 is provided with a sliding rail 104 extending along the width direction of the anti-seismic bridge 3, the lower surface of the base plate 2 is provided with a sliding block 201, and the base plate 2 is supported on the sliding rail 104 through the sliding block 201; the voice coil motor 102 is arranged in the box body 101, and the transmission mechanism 103 is respectively connected with the voice coil motor 102 and the substrate 2; the actuator 103 transmits the vibration generated by the voice coil motor 102 to the substrate 2, and the substrate 2 vibrates along the slide rail 104. It will be appreciated that by providing the sliding rail 104 and the sliding block 201, the substrate 2 can be supported, a bridge with a larger area can be more stably borne, and the movement of the substrate 2 can be assisted. The slide rail 104 and the slider 201 have no transmission function, and power is directly transmitted from the voice coil motor 102 to the substrate 2 through the transmission mechanism 103. The voice coil motor 102 is adopted as a power source, the motor characteristics are reasonably utilized, and the cost is reduced compared with a linear motor scheme.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 6, the driving mechanism 103 is a driving board 1031, one end of the driving board 1031 is connected to the voice coil motor 102, and the other end of the driving board 1031 is connected to the substrate 2; the excitation generated by the voice coil motor 102 is transmitted to the substrate 2 through the driving board 1031, and the structure is relatively simple.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the transmission mechanism 103 is a stroke amplifying mechanism 1032, the stroke amplifying mechanism 1032 includes a first link 1032a, a second link 1032b, and a third link 1032c, the first link 1032a, the second link 1032b, and the third link 1032c are all disposed horizontally, the first link 1032a and the third link 1032c are parallel and located on one side of the second link 1032b, the length of the third link 1032c is greater than the length of the first link 1032a, and the position of the third link 1032c is higher than the position of the first link 1032a; one end of the first link 1032a is hinged to the voice coil motor 102, the other end of the first link 1032a is hinged to the middle of the second link 1032b, one end of the second link 1032b is hinged to the case 101, the other end of the second link 1032b is hinged to one end of the third link 1032c, and the other end of the third link 1032c is connected to the base plate 2. The transmission mechanism 103 adopts the stroke amplification mechanism 1032, and can effectively amplify the excitation displacement of the voice coil motor 102 and then transmit the amplified excitation displacement to the substrate 2, for example, the excitation displacement of the voice coil motor 102 can be amplified by 2 times and then transmitted to the substrate 2, so that the vibration displacement of the substrate 2 is 2 times that of the voice coil motor 102, for example, the maximum vibration displacement of the voice coil motor 102 is 25mm, and after the amplification by the stroke amplification mechanism 1032, the maximum vibration displacement of the substrate 2 can reach 50mm, thereby realizing larger-amplitude vibration and enhancing the demonstration effect. In addition, the stroke amplifying mechanism 1032 is simple in structure and easy to process.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the excitation device 1 further includes an operating handle 105 disposed on the casing 101, where the operating handle 105 is used to adjust the frequency and amplitude of the voice coil motor 102, so as to implement interaction and enhance the experience of the user.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the vibration excitation device further comprises a transparent cover 5, wherein the transparent cover 5 is arranged on the vibration excitation device 1, and the bridge and the substrate 2 are both positioned in the transparent cover 5. Through setting up transparent cover 5, can avoid spectator touching the bridge on the one hand, play the guard action to the bridge, on the other hand, can make things convenient for spectator to see the bridge clearly.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. Science popularization device of show bridge shock-absorbing structure and effect, its characterized in that includes:
a substrate;
the vibration excitation device is positioned below the substrate and connected with the substrate, and is used for simulating earthquake vibration and transmitting the vibration to the substrate;
the bridge is arranged above the base plate and is divided into an anti-seismic bridge and a comparison bridge, the anti-seismic bridge comprises a first bridge pier arranged on the base plate and a first bridge deck supported on the first bridge pier, the comparison bridge comprises a second bridge pier arranged on the base plate and a second bridge deck supported on the second bridge pier, and the first bridge pier is different from the second bridge pier in that the first bridge pier is provided with a shock absorber;
the excitation device comprises a box body, a voice coil motor and a transmission mechanism; the top of the box body is provided with a sliding rail extending along the width direction of the anti-seismic bridge, the lower surface of the base plate is provided with a sliding block, and the base plate is supported on the sliding rail through the sliding block; the voice coil motor is arranged in the box body, and the transmission mechanism is respectively connected with the voice coil motor and the base plate; the transmission mechanism transmits vibration generated by the voice coil motor to the base plate, and the base plate vibrates along the sliding rail;
the transmission mechanism is a transmission plate, one end of the transmission plate is connected with the voice coil motor, and the other end of the transmission plate is connected with the base plate;
the transmission mechanism is a stroke amplifying mechanism, the stroke amplifying mechanism comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod are all horizontally arranged, the first connecting rod and the third connecting rod are parallel and are positioned on one side of the second connecting rod, the length of the third connecting rod is larger than that of the first connecting rod, and the position of the third connecting rod is higher than that of the first connecting rod; one end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the voice coil motor, the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the middle of the second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the box body, the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged with one end of the third connecting rod, and the other end of the third connecting rod is connected with the base plate.
2. The science popularization device for displaying the damping structure and the effect of the bridge according to claim 1, wherein the first bridge pier comprises a first support, a damper and a first pier column which are sequentially connected from bottom to top, the first support is fixed on the base plate, and the first bridge deck is supported on the first pier column.
3. The science popularization device for displaying the shock absorbing structure and effect of the bridge according to claim 2, wherein the shock absorber comprises one or two of an E-shaped shock absorber and a hydraulic shock absorber, the E-shaped shock absorber or/and the hydraulic shock absorber are/is installed on a mounting base, and the mounting base is connected between the first support and the first pier column.
4. The science popularization device for displaying the shock absorbing structure and effect of the bridge according to claim 3,
the mounting seat comprises a connecting plate, a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat which are separated, wherein the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are oppositely arranged in the length direction of the anti-seismic bridge, the upper end of the first mounting seat is fixed with the lower end of the first pier stud, the lower end of the first mounting seat is suspended, the lower end of the second mounting seat is fixed with the upper end of the first support, the upper end of the second mounting seat is suspended, and the connecting plate is arranged between the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat and is mounted on the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat through a first vertical pin shaft;
the E-shaped shock absorber is horizontally arranged on one side of the connecting plate, two ends of the E-shaped shock absorber respectively extend into the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat, and the first vertical pin shaft penetrates through the E-shaped shock absorber; or/and the hydraulic shock absorbers are arranged along the length direction of the shock-resistant bridge, and the hydraulic shock absorbers are mounted on the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat.
5. The science popularization device for displaying the damping structure and effect of the bridge according to claim 4, wherein the first vertical pin shaft is a stainless steel pin shaft subjected to medium temperature tempering.
6. The science popularization device for displaying the shock absorbing structure and effect of the bridge according to claim 2, wherein,
the appearance horizontal dimension of bumper shock absorber is with the appearance horizontal dimension of first pier stud matches, the height dimension of bumper shock absorber is not less than half of the height dimension of first pier.
7. The science popularization device for displaying the damping structure and effect of the bridge according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the excitation device further comprises an operation handle arranged on the box body, and the operation handle is used for adjusting the frequency and the amplitude of the voice coil motor.
8. The science popularization device for displaying the damping structure and effect of the bridge according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a transparent cover arranged on the excitation device, wherein the bridge and the base plate are both located in the transparent cover.
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| CN202211087075.9A CN115273644B (en) | 2022-09-07 | 2022-09-07 | Science popularization device for displaying bridge damping structure and effect |
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| CN202211087075.9A CN115273644B (en) | 2022-09-07 | 2022-09-07 | Science popularization device for displaying bridge damping structure and effect |
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| CN115273644A (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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