CN115266887A - Automatic measuring instrument for soil oxidation-reduction potential - Google Patents
Automatic measuring instrument for soil oxidation-reduction potential Download PDFInfo
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- CN115266887A CN115266887A CN202210842220.3A CN202210842220A CN115266887A CN 115266887 A CN115266887 A CN 115266887A CN 202210842220 A CN202210842220 A CN 202210842220A CN 115266887 A CN115266887 A CN 115266887A
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Abstract
The application discloses automatic measurement appearance ware of soil oxidation reduction potential, including single chip module, communication module, display module, USB interface module, detection module, battery voltage monitoring module and power module, communication module, display module, USB interface module, voltage monitoring module and detection module connect single chip module, and power module is used for supplying power for each module. Has the following advantages: the method has the advantages of high detection speed, high measurement precision, strong calculation capability, high data processing speed and strong anti-interference capability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic measuring instrument for soil oxidation-reduction potential, belonging to the technical field of automatic measurement and testing.
Background
The soil oxidation-reduction potential is a measurement method of soil oxidation-reduction capability, and is an index reflecting oxidation-reduction conditions by using potential, and the soil oxidation-reduction potential is an equilibrium potential established by an oxidant and a reducer in soil on an oxidation-reduction electrode. It is an important index reflecting the degree of oxidation or reduction of soil. The variation range of the soil oxidation-reduction potential is wide, and the soil oxidation-reduction potential can be from-200 to 300 mV of the strength reduction condition to +700 mV of the oxidation condition. The change of the soil oxidation-reduction potential can reflect the drastic change of a plurality of substances, particularly variable valence elements (oxygen, iron, manganese, nitrogen, sulfur, carbon and the like), and influence on various aspects of plant growth. The oxidation-reduction potential is expressed by Eh value. E represents the electrode potential at which the redox species reaches equilibrium on a platinum electrode (a commonly used redox electrode), and h represents the potential value relative to a standard hydrogen electrode (the electrode potential of which is set to zero). The Eh value of the soil can be graded from high to low, reflecting different redox conditions, indicating the transformation form of the substance under the conditions and the relation with the growth of plants.
The soil oxidation-reduction potential measuring instrument is used for measuring the soil oxidation-reduction potential, and the existing soil oxidation-reduction potential measuring instrument has the following defects:
1. the data can be stable only after being inserted into the soil during measurement, and the detection speed is low;
2. the measurement precision is low;
3. the anti-interference capability is poor;
4. the reaction speed is slow, and the data processing speed is slow.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an automatic measuring instrument for soil oxidation-reduction potential, which has the advantages of high detection speed, high measurement precision, strong calculation capability, high data processing speed and strong anti-interference capability.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an automatic measuring instrument of soil oxidation reduction potential, includes single chip module, communication module, display module, USB interface module, detection module, battery voltage monitoring module and power module, and communication module, display module, USB interface module, voltage monitoring module and detection module connect single chip module, and power module is used for each module power supply.
Further, the single chip module includes chip U12, the model of chip U12 is STM32F103RCT6, chip U12's 42 feet are connected with 2 feet of interface P2, chip U12's 43 feet are connected with 3 feet of interface P2, 1 foot of interface P2 connects +3.3V, chip U12's 46 feet are connected with 2 feet of interface P3, chip U12's 49 feet are connected with 3 feet of interface P3, 1 foot of interface P3 connects +3.3V, the single chip module is automatic measuring instrument's core for controlling each module operation.
Furthermore, the detection module comprises a chip U2, the type of the chip U2 is CA3140, 3 pins of the chip U2 are connected with one end of a capacitor C2 and a platinum electrode, the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, 4 pins of the chip U2 are connected with a-5V power supply, 7 pins of the chip U2 are connected with +5V, 2 pins and 6 pins of the chip U2 are connected with one end of a resistor R5, one end of a resistor R10 and one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with 3 pins of an amplifier U3A, 2 pins of the amplifier U3A are connected with one end of a resistor R4 and one end of a resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with 1 pin of the amplifier U3A, and 4 pins of the amplifier U3A are connected with a-5V power supply; the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with a pin 5 of the amplifier U3B, a pin 6 of the amplifier U3B is connected with one end of a resistor R9 and one end of a resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R9 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with a pin 7 of the amplifier U3B; the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with a pin 2 of the amplifier U5A and one end of a resistor R11, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with a pin 1 of the amplifier U5A, a pin 3 of the amplifier U5A is connected with one end of a resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is grounded, a pin 4 of the amplifier U5A is connected with a-5V power supply, and a pin 8 of the amplifier U5A is connected with a +5V power supply.
Further, the detection module further comprises a chip U1, the type of the chip U1 is CD4052D, a pin 10 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 45 of the chip U12, a pin 9 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 44 of the chip U12, a pin 12 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 1 of an amplifier U3A, a pin 14 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 7 of an amplifier U3B, and a pin 15 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 1 of an amplifier U5A;
the detection module still includes chip U4, chip U4's model is MCP3421, 1 foot of chip U4 is connected with electric capacity C1 one end, diode D2 one end and resistance R3 one end, electric capacity C1 other end and diode D2 other end ground connection, another termination +5V of diode D1, the resistance R3 other end is connected with chip U1's 13 feet, chip U4's 5 feet are connected with electric capacity C3 one end, and +3.3V, chip U4's 3 feet are connected with resistance R60 one end and resistance R1 one end, another termination +3.3V power of resistance R60, the resistance R1 other end is connected with chip U1's 58 feet, chip U4's 4 feet are connected with resistance R61 one end and resistance R6 one end, another termination +3.3V power of resistance R61, the resistance R6 other end is connected with chip U1's 59 feet.
Further, the power module includes chip IC1, chip IC 1's model is TP4056, chip IC 1's 4 feet and 8 feet are connected with resistance R27 one end, resistance R28 one end, electric capacity C15 one end and electric capacity C16 one end, resistance R27 other end and resistance R28 other end termination VBUS power, electric capacity C15 other end and electric capacity C16 other end ground connection, chip IC 1's 5 feet are connected with electric capacity C13 one end and electric capacity C14 one end, and battery BAT, electric capacity C13 other end and electric capacity C14 other end ground connection, chip IC 1's 2 feet are connected with resistance R29 one end, resistance R29 other end ground connection, chip IC 1's 6 feet are connected with chip U12's 22 feet, chip IC 1's 7 feet are connected with chip U12's 21 feet.
Furthermore, the power module further comprises a chip U11, the model of the chip U11 is ME6211C33, pin 1 and pin 3 of the chip U11 are connected with one end of a capacitor C22 and are connected with a VBAT power supply in parallel, the other end of the capacitor C22 is grounded, pin 4 of the chip U11 is connected with one end of a capacitor C26, the other end of the capacitor C26 is grounded, pin 5 of the chip U11 is connected with one end of a capacitor C23 and one end of a diode D10 and is connected with a +3.3V power supply in parallel, and the other end of the capacitor C23 and the other end of the diode D10 are grounded;
the power supply module further comprises a chip U9, the model of the chip U9 is CE7660, a capacitor C17 is arranged between pins 2 and 4 of the chip U9, a pin 5 of the chip U9 is connected with one end of a diode D4, the other end of the diode D4 is connected with one end of a capacitor C18 and one end of a capacitor C19, the other ends of the capacitor C18 and the capacitor C19 are connected with a-5V power supply in parallel, the other end of the capacitor C18 and the other end of the capacitor C19 are grounded, and a pin 8 of the chip U9 is connected with the +5V power supply;
the power module still includes chip IC2, chip IC 2's model is SX1308, chip IC 2's 4 feet are connected with resistance R44 one end, the resistance R44 other end and chip IC 2's 5 feet connect the VBAT power, chip IC 2's 1 foot is connected with inductance L1 one end and diode D9 one end, the inductance L1 other end is connected with electric capacity C27 one end and electric capacity C28 one end, and connect the VBAT power, the electric capacity C27 other end and electric capacity C28 other end ground connection, the diode D9 other end is connected with electric capacity E1 one end, electric capacity C25 one end, resistance R42 one end, electric capacity C24 one end, diode D11 one end and resistance R7 one end, and connect +5V, the electric capacity E1 other end and electric capacity C25 other end ground connection, the resistance R42 other end is connected with chip IC 2's 3 feet, resistance R45 one end, the electric capacity C24 other end and diode D12 one end, the resistance R45 other end and the other end of diode D12 other end ground connection, the resistance R7 other end is connected with and is sent to diode D7 one end, the other end is sent to diode D7 one end ground connection.
Further, the battery voltage monitoring module comprises a triode Q3, the collector of the triode Q3 is connected with one end of a diode D6, a pin 1 of an MOS tube Q1 and one end of a resistor R31, the other end of the resistor R312 and a pin 2 of the MOS tube Q1 are connected with a VSWQ power supply, a pin 3 of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a VBAT power supply, the base of the triode Q3 is connected with one end of a resistor R37 and one end of a resistor R36, the other end of the resistor R37 is grounded with the emitter of the triode Q3, the other end of the resistor R36 is connected with a pin 1 of an amplifier U10A, a pin 8 of the amplifier U10A is connected with the VBAT power supply, a pin 4 of the amplifier U10A is grounded, a pin 3 of the amplifier U10A is connected with a pin 24 of a chip U12 and one end of a resistor R40, the other end of the resistor R40 is connected with +3.3V, the other end of the diode D6 is connected with one end of a diode D5, one end of a resistor R30, one end of a resistor R33 and one end of a key SW1, the other end of the diode D5 is connected with a pin 25 of a chip U12, the other end of the resistor R30 is connected with a VSWQ power supply, the other end of the key SW1 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R33 is connected with a pin 1 of an MOS transistor Q4, a pin 2 of the MOS transistor Q4 is connected with a VBAT power supply, a pin 3 of the MOS transistor Q4 is connected with one end of a resistor R32 and one end of a resistor R34, the other end of the resistor R34 is connected with a pin 2 of an amplifier U10A and one end of a capacitor C20, and the other end of the capacitor C20 and the other end of the resistor R32 are grounded;
the battery voltage monitoring module further comprises an amplifier U10B, wherein a pin 5 of the amplifier U10B is connected with one end of a capacitor C21, one end of a resistor R39 and one end of a resistor R35, the other end of the capacitor C21 and the other end of the resistor R39 are grounded, and a pin 6 and a pin 7 of the amplifier U10B are connected with a pin 16 of a chip U12.
Further, communication module includes chip U13, chip U13's model is SP3485, 1 foot of chip U13 is connected with chip U12's 52 feet, 2 feet and 3 feet of chip U13 are connected with chip U12's 50 feet, chip U13's 4 feet are connected with chip U12's 51 feet, chip U13's 6 feet are connected with resistance R59 one end, resistance R58 one end and resistance R57 one end, resistance R59 another termination +3.3V power, the resistance R58 other end is connected with 2 feet of TVS pipe D17 one end and interface P4, chip U13's 7 feet are connected with resistance R55 one end, resistance R56 one end and resistance R57 other end, resistance R55 other end ground connection, the resistance R56 other end is connected with 3 feet of TVS pipe D16 one end and interface P4, interface P4 is used for external PH sensor.
Furthermore, the display module comprises an interface J1, the interface J1 is used for being externally connected with a display screen, pins 1 to 5 of the interface J1 are connected with one end of a capacitor C29 and one end of a capacitor E2 and are connected with an LCD _ PWR power supply, the other end of the capacitor C29 and the other end of the capacitor E2 are grounded, pin 20 of the interface J1 is connected with one end of a resistor R47 and a pin D of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor Q7, the other end of the resistor R47 is connected with one end of a resistor R50 and a pin 21 of the interface J1, the other end of the resistor R50 is grounded, MOS pipe Q7 'S G foot is connected with triode Q8' S collecting electrode and resistance R48 one end, triode Q8 'S base is connected with resistance R51 one end and resistance R52 one end, the resistance R52 other end and triode Q8' S projecting pole ground connection, the resistance R51 other end is connected with chip U12 'S8 feet, MOS pipe Q7' S S foot is connected with the resistance R48 other end and USB interface module, interface J1 'S30 feet are connected with chip U12' S30 feet, interface J1 'S31 feet are connected with chip U12' S31 feet.
Further, USB interface module includes chip type-c1, chip type-c1 ' S A4 foot, A9 foot, B4 foot and B9 foot are connected with MOS pipe Q7 ' S S foot, chip type-c1 ' S A6 foot is connected with interface J1 ' S24 feet, chip type-c1 ' S A7 foot is connected with interface J1 ' S23 feet, chip type-c1 ' S A9 foot is connected with TVS pipe D15 one end, TVS pipe D15 other end ground connection, chip type-c1 ' S B6 foot is connected with TVS pipe D13 one end, chip type-c1 ' S B7 foot is connected with TVS pipe D14 one end, the TVS pipe D13 other end and TVS pipe D14 other end ground connection.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. in the prior art, the data can be stabilized only by inserting the electrode into the soil for about 30 minutes during measurement by an instrument, and the soil oxidation-reduction potentiometer can be stabilized only by 10 to 15 minutes, so that the detection speed is high.
2. The measurement resolution of ORP is 0.1mV, the PH precision is 0.1, the temperature precision is 0.1 ℃, and the measurement precision is high.
3. The built-in high-capacity lithium battery has an ultra-long endurance and can continuously work for more than 10 hours.
4. The intelligent android screen is used for displaying, the response speed is high, the interface is humanized, the computing capability is high, the data processing speed is high, the cloud platform can be connected, real-time uploading is realized, and the GPS positioning function is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the detailed description or the prior art description will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a single-chip module according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a communication module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a display module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a USB interface module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a detection module of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery voltage monitoring module according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment 1, an automatic measurement appearance ware of soil oxidation reduction potential, including single chip module, communication module, display module, USB interface module, detection module, battery voltage monitoring module and power module, communication module, display module, USB interface module, voltage monitoring module and detection module connect single chip module, and power module is used for supplying power for each module.
As shown in fig. 1, the single chip module includes a chip U12, the model of the chip U12 is STM32F103RCT6, pin 42 of the chip U12 is connected with pin 2 of interface P2, pin 43 of the chip U12 is connected with pin 3 of interface P2, pin 1 of interface P2 is connected with +3.3V, pin 46 of the chip U12 is connected with pin 2 of interface P3, pin 49 of the chip U12 is connected with pin 3 of interface P3, pin 1 of interface P3 is connected with +3.3V, and the single chip module is a core of the automatic measurement instrument and is used for controlling the operation of each module.
As shown in fig. 5, the detection module includes a chip U2, the type of the chip U2 is CA3140, 3 pins of the chip U2 are connected to one end of a capacitor C2 and a platinum electrode, the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, 4 pins of the chip U2 are connected to a-5V power supply, 7 pins of the chip U2 are connected to +5V, 2 pins and 6 pins of the chip U2 are connected to one end of a resistor R5, one end of a resistor R10 and one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to 3 pins of an amplifier U3A, 2 pins of the amplifier U3A are connected to one end of a resistor R4 and one end of a resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to 1 pin of the amplifier U3A, and 4 pins of the amplifier U3A are connected to a-5V power supply; the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with a pin 5 of an amplifier U3B, a pin 6 of the amplifier U3B is connected with one end of a resistor R9 and one end of a resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R9 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with a pin 7 of the amplifier U3B; the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with a pin 2 of the amplifier U5A and one end of a resistor R11, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with a pin 1 of the amplifier U5A, a pin 3 of the amplifier U5A is connected with one end of a resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is grounded, a pin 4 of the amplifier U5A is connected with a-5V power supply, and a pin 8 of the amplifier U5A is connected with a +5V power supply.
The detection module further comprises a chip U1, the type of the chip U1 is CD4052D, a pin 10 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 45 of the chip U12, a pin 9 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 44 of the chip U12, a pin 12 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 1 of an amplifier U3A, a pin 14 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 7 of an amplifier U3B, and a pin 15 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 1 of an amplifier U5A.
The detection module still includes chip U4, chip U4's model is MCP3421, 1 foot of chip U4 is connected with electric capacity C1 one end, diode D2 one end and resistance R3 one end, electric capacity C1 other end and diode D2 other end ground connection, another termination +5V of diode D1, the resistance R3 other end is connected with chip U1's 13 feet, chip U4's 5 feet are connected with electric capacity C3 one end, and +3.3V, chip U4's 3 feet are connected with resistance R60 one end and resistance R1 one end, another termination +3.3V power of resistance R60, the resistance R1 other end is connected with chip U1's 58 feet, chip U4's 4 feet are connected with resistance R61 one end and resistance R6 one end, another termination +3.3V power of resistance R61, the resistance R6 other end is connected with chip U1's 59 feet.
As the oxidation-reduction potential value of the soil is extremely small and is extremely easy to be interfered by the outside, the voltage follower circuit is designed by adopting the CA3140 operational amplifier, and the MOSFET (PMOS) with the grid protection is added in the input circuit, thereby providing the performances of extremely high input impedance, extremely low input current and high speed.
The amplifier U3A amplifies the detection signal by 2 times in the forward direction, the amplifier U3B amplifies the detection signal by 9.3 times in the forward direction, and forward amplification circuits with different amplification factors are adopted, so that the measurement precision and the measurement range are improved.
When the soil has oxidability, the potential value is a positive value, and when the soil has reducibility, the potential value is a negative value, so that a reverse amplification circuit adopting an amplifier U5A is designed, and is a 2-time reverse amplification circuit, and resistors are connected in series at the same-direction input end of the operational amplifier and used for balancing the voltage imbalance value of the input end of the operational amplifier caused by bias current.
In order to facilitate signal acquisition, signal output ends with different amplification factors are integrated into 1 output through an analog switch chip U2, and the analog switch chip U2 is controlled by a single chip microcomputer to switch different amplification factors.
The analog-to-digital conversion chip U4 is adopted to convert the analog quantity signal into the digital quantity signal, and the digital-to-analog conversion circuit has the advantages of high precision, high transmission speed, strong anti-interference capability and the like.
As shown in fig. 7, the power module includes a chip IC1, the model of the chip IC1 is TP4056, pins 4 and 8 of the chip IC1 are connected to one end of a resistor R27, one end of a resistor R28, one end of a capacitor C15, and one end of a capacitor C16, the other end of the resistor R27 and the other end of the resistor R28 are connected to a VBUS power supply, the other end of the capacitor C15 and the other end of the capacitor C16 are grounded, pin 5 of the chip IC1 is connected to one end of a capacitor C13 and one end of a capacitor C14, and is connected to a battery BAT, the other end of the capacitor C13 and the other end of the capacitor C14 are grounded, pin 2 of the chip IC1 is connected to one end of a resistor R29, the other end of the resistor R29 is grounded, pin 6 of the chip IC1 is connected to pin 22 of a chip U12, and pin 7 of the chip IC1 is connected to pin 21 of the chip U12.
The part is a charging circuit of a lithium battery, the TP4056 is adopted to design the charging circuit of the lithium battery, the maximum charging current is designed through the resistor R29, and the single chip U12 monitors the charging state in real time and is charged or fully charged.
The power module still includes chip U11, and chip U11's model is ME6211C33, and 1 foot and 3 feet of chip U11 are connected with electric capacity C22 one end, and connect the VBAT power, the electric capacity C22 other end ground connection, and 4 feet of chip U11 are connected with electric capacity C26 one end, and the electric capacity C26 other end ground connection, and 5 feet of chip U11 are connected with electric capacity C23 one end and diode D10 one end, and connect +3.3V power, the electric capacity C23 other end and the other end ground connection of diode D10.
The part is used for outputting +3.3V power supply and supplying +3.3V power supply to each module of the system.
The power module further comprises a chip U9, the model of the chip U9 is CE7660, a capacitor C17 is arranged between the pin 2 and the pin 4 of the chip U9, the pin 5 of the chip U9 is connected with one end of a diode D4, the other end of the diode D4 is connected with one end of a capacitor C18 and one end of a capacitor C19, the other ends of the capacitor C18 and the capacitor C19 are grounded, and the pin 8 of the chip U9 is connected with the +5V power supply.
The power module further comprises a chip IC2, the model of the chip IC2 is SX1308, 4 pins of the chip IC2 are connected with one end of a resistor R44, the other end of the resistor R44 and 5 pins of the chip IC2 are connected with a VBAT power source, 1 pin of the chip IC2 is connected with one end of an inductor L1 and one end of a diode D9, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C27 and one end of a capacitor C28, and is connected with the VBAT power source, the other end of the capacitor C27 and the other end of the capacitor C28 are grounded, the other end of the diode D9 is connected with one end of a capacitor E1, one end of a capacitor C25, one end of a resistor R42, one end of a capacitor C24, one end of a diode D11, one end of a resistor R11 and one end of a diode D12 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with one end of a diode D7, and the other end of the diode D11 are grounded.
The negative voltage power supply of-5V is provided by the chip U9, the +5V power supply is provided by the chip IC2, the oxidation reduction potential of soil has a negative value, and the operational amplifier power supply voltage is +/-5V, so that the operational amplifier needs a negative value of the original positive and negative power supply potential during measurement, and needs positive and negative power supply during measurement, and the operational amplifier needs the positive and negative power supply voltage during measurement.
As shown in fig. 6, the battery voltage monitoring module includes a transistor Q3, a collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to one end of a diode D6, a pin 1 of a MOS transistor Q1 and one end of a resistor R31, the other end of the resistor R312 and a pin 2 of the MOS transistor Q1 are connected to a VSWQ power supply, a pin 3 of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to a VBAT power supply, a base of the transistor Q3 is connected to one end of a resistor R37 and one end of a resistor R36, the other end of the resistor R37 and an emitter of the transistor Q3 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R36 is connected to a pin 1 of an amplifier U10A, a pin 8 of the amplifier U10A is connected to the VBAT power supply, a pin 4 of the amplifier U10A is grounded, a pin 3 of the amplifier U10A is connected to a pin 24 of a chip U12 and one end of a resistor R40, the other end of the resistor R40 is connected to +3.3V, the other end of the diode D6 is connected to one end of a diode D5, one end of the resistor R30, one end of the resistor R33 and one end of the SW1, one end of the SW1 is connected to one end of a pin SW1, the other end of the resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R20 and one end of the resistor Q20 are connected to a pin of the resistor Q20, the resistor Q20 and one end of the resistor Q20 are connected to a resistor Q20, and one end of the resistor R20, the resistor Q20.
The battery voltage monitoring module further comprises an amplifier U10B, wherein a pin 5 of the amplifier U10B is connected with one end of a capacitor C21, one end of a resistor R39 and one end of a resistor R35, the other end of the capacitor C21 and the other end of the resistor R39 are grounded, and a pin 6 and a pin 7 of the amplifier U10B are connected with a pin 16 of a chip U12.
In a shutdown state, when a startup and shutdown key is pressed down, the gate voltage of the MOS transistor Q1 is pulled down, and a subsequent power circuit starts to work. At the moment, the forward voltage of the amplifier U10A is 3.3V, the reverse voltage is 0V, the output end is 3.3V, the triode Q3 is conducted, the startup and shutdown key is released, and the state is maintained.
In a starting-up state, a power-on and power-off button is pressed for a long time, the singlechip chip U12 controls the forward input end of the amplifier U10A to be pulled down, the output end of the amplifier is 0V, the triode Q3 is disconnected, and the equipment is powered off.
After the voltage of the battery is divided by the resistor R35 and the resistor R39, the voltage of the battery enters an ADC pin of the single chip microcomputer chip through the voltage following circuit.
As shown in fig. 2, the communication module includes a chip U13, the model of the chip U13 is SP3485, pin 1 of the chip U13 is connected to pin 52 of the chip U12, pin 2 and pin 3 of the chip U13 are connected to pin 50 of the chip U12, pin 4 of the chip U13 is connected to pin 51 of the chip U12, pin 6 of the chip U13 is connected to one end of a resistor R59, one end of the resistor R58 and one end of a resistor R57, the other end of the resistor R59 is connected to a +3.3V power supply, the other end of the resistor R58 is connected to pin 2 of a TVS tube D17 and an interface P4, pin 7 of the chip U13 is connected to one end of a resistor R55, one end of the resistor R56 and the other end of the resistor R57, the other end of the resistor R55 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R56 is connected to pin 3 of a TVS tube D16 and the interface P4, and the interface P4 is used for externally connecting a PH sensor.
The part is an RS485 communication circuit and is used for detecting the PH value in the soil and transmitting the PH value to the single chip microcomputer chip U12.
As shown in fig. 3, the display module includes an interface J1, the interface J1 is used for an external display screen, pins 1-5 of the interface J1 are connected with one end of a capacitor C29 and one end of a capacitor E2, and are connected with an LCD _ PWR power supply, the other end of the capacitor C29 and the other end of the capacitor E2 are grounded, pin 20 of the interface J1 is connected with pin D of resistor R47 and pin D of MOS transistor Q7, the other end of resistor R47 is connected with pin 21 of resistor R50 and interface J1, the other end of resistor R50 is grounded, pin G of MOS transistor Q7 is connected with collector of transistor Q8 and pin R48, base of transistor Q8 is connected with one end of resistor R51 and one end of resistor R52, the other end of resistor R52 and emitter of transistor Q8 are grounded, the other end of resistor R51 is connected with pin 8 of chip U12, pin S of MOS transistor Q7 is connected with the other end of resistor R48 and USB interface module, pin 30 of the interface J1 is connected with pin 30 of chip U12, and pin 31 of the interface J1 is connected with pin 31 of chip U12.
As shown in FIG. 4, the USB interface module comprises a chip type-c1, the A4 pin, the A9 pin, the B4 pin and the B9 pin of the chip type-c1 are connected with the S pin of the MOS tube Q7, the A6 pin of the chip type-c1 is connected with the 24 pin of the interface J1, the A7 pin of the chip type-c1 is connected with the 23 pin of the interface J1, the A9 pin of the chip type-c1 is connected with one end of a TVS tube D15, the other end of the TVS tube D15 is grounded, the B6 pin of the chip type-c1 is connected with one end of a TVS tube D13, the B7 pin of the chip type-c1 is connected with one end of a TVS tube D14, and the other end of the TVS tube D13 and the other end of the TVS tube D14 are grounded.
In the invention, a platinum electrode is used as an auxiliary electrode, a silver chloride electrode is used as a reference electrode, the platinum electrode and a water sample form a primary battery, the oxidation-reduction potential of the platinum electrode relative to a saturated calomel electrode is measured by an electronic millivoltmeter or a universal pH sensor, and then the oxidation-reduction potential of the platinum electrode relative to a standard hydrogen electrode is converted and used as a report result.
The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic measuring instrument for soil oxidation-reduction potential is characterized in that: the intelligent battery pack comprises a single chip microcomputer module, a communication module, a display module, a USB interface module, a detection module, a battery voltage monitoring module and a power supply module, wherein the communication module, the display module, the USB interface module, the voltage monitoring module and the detection module are connected with the single chip microcomputer module, and the power supply module is used for supplying power to each module.
2. An automatic measuring instrument for soil oxidation-reduction potential according to claim 1, wherein: the single chip microcomputer module comprises a chip U12, the model of the chip U12 is STM32F103RCT6, a pin 42 of the chip U12 is connected with a pin 2 of an interface P2, a pin 43 of the chip U12 is connected with a pin 3 of the interface P2, a pin 1 of the interface P2 is connected with +3.3V, a pin 46 of the chip U12 is connected with a pin 2 of the interface P3, a pin 49 of the chip U12 is connected with a pin 3 of the interface P3, a pin 1 of the interface P3 is connected with +3.3V, and the single chip microcomputer module is the core of the automatic measuring instrument and is used for controlling the operation of each module.
3. An automatic soil oxidation-reduction potential measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the detection module comprises a chip U2, the type of the chip U2 is CA3140, pins 3 of the chip U2 are connected with one end of a capacitor C2 and a platinum electrode, the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, pins 4 of the chip U2 are connected with a-5V power supply, pins 7 of the chip U2 are connected with +5V, pins 2 and 6 of the chip U2 are connected with one end of a resistor R5, one end of a resistor R10 and one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with pins 3 of an amplifier U3A, pins 2 of the amplifier U3A are connected with one end of a resistor R4 and one end of a resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with pin 1 of the amplifier U3A, and pins 4 of the amplifier U3A are connected with the-5V power supply; the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with a pin 5 of the amplifier U3B, a pin 6 of the amplifier U3B is connected with one end of a resistor R9 and one end of a resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R9 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with a pin 7 of the amplifier U3B; the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with a pin 2 of the amplifier U5A and one end of a resistor R11, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with a pin 1 of the amplifier U5A, a pin 3 of the amplifier U5A is connected with one end of a resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R13 is grounded, a pin 4 of the amplifier U5A is connected with a-5V power supply, and a pin 8 of the amplifier U5A is connected with a +5V power supply.
4. An automatic measuring instrument for soil oxidation-reduction potential according to claim 3, characterized in that: the detection module further comprises a chip U1, the type of the chip U1 is CD4052D, a pin 10 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 45 of the chip U12, a pin 9 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 44 of the chip U12, a pin 12 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 1 of an amplifier U3A, a pin 14 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 7 of an amplifier U3B, and a pin 15 of the chip U1 is connected with a pin 1 of an amplifier U5A;
the detection module still includes chip U4, chip U4's model is MCP3421, 1 foot of chip U4 is connected with electric capacity C1 one end, diode D2 one end and resistance R3 one end, electric capacity C1 other end and diode D2 other end ground connection, another termination +5V of diode D1, the resistance R3 other end is connected with chip U1's 13 feet, chip U4's 5 feet are connected with electric capacity C3 one end, and +3.3V, chip U4's 3 feet are connected with resistance R60 one end and resistance R1 one end, another termination +3.3V power of resistance R60, the resistance R1 other end is connected with chip U1's 58 feet, chip U4's 4 feet are connected with resistance R61 one end and resistance R6 one end, another termination +3.3V power of resistance R61, the resistance R6 other end is connected with chip U1's 59 feet.
5. An automatic soil oxidation-reduction potential measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the power module comprises a chip IC1, the model of the chip IC1 is TP4056, 4 pins and 8 pins of the chip IC1 are connected with one end of a resistor R27, one end of a resistor R28, one end of a capacitor C15 and one end of a capacitor C16, the other end of the resistor R27 and the other end of the resistor R28 are connected with a VBUS power supply, the other end of the capacitor C15 and the other end of the capacitor C16 are grounded, 5 pins of the chip IC1 are connected with one end of a capacitor C13 and one end of a capacitor C14, and are connected with a battery BAT, the other end of the capacitor C13 and the other end of the capacitor C14 are grounded, 2 pins of the chip IC1 are connected with one end of a resistor R29, the other end of the resistor R29 is grounded, 6 pins of the chip IC1 are connected with 22 pins of a chip U12, and 7 pins of the chip IC1 are connected with 21 pins of the chip U12.
6. An automatic measuring instrument for soil oxidation-reduction potential according to claim 1, wherein: the power supply module further comprises a chip U11, the model of the chip U11 is ME6211C33, a pin 1 and a pin 3 of the chip U11 are connected with one end of a capacitor C22 and are connected with a VBAT power supply in parallel, the other end of the capacitor C22 is grounded, a pin 4 of the chip U11 is connected with one end of a capacitor C26, the other end of the capacitor C26 is grounded, a pin 5 of the chip U11 is connected with one end of a capacitor C23 and one end of a diode D10 and is connected with a +3.3V power supply in parallel, and the other end of the capacitor C23 and the other end of the diode D10 are grounded;
the power supply module further comprises a chip U9, the model of the chip U9 is CE7660, a capacitor C17 is arranged between pins 2 and 4 of the chip U9, a pin 5 of the chip U9 is connected with one end of a diode D4, the other end of the diode D4 is connected with one end of a capacitor C18 and one end of a capacitor C19, the other ends of the capacitor C18 and the capacitor C19 are connected with a-5V power supply in parallel, the other end of the capacitor C18 and the other end of the capacitor C19 are grounded, and a pin 8 of the chip U9 is connected with the +5V power supply;
the power module further comprises a chip IC2, the model of the chip IC2 is SX1308, 4 pins of the chip IC2 are connected with one end of a resistor R44, the other end of the resistor R44 and 5 pins of the chip IC2 are connected with a VBAT power source, 1 pin of the chip IC2 is connected with one end of an inductor L1 and one end of a diode D9, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C27 and one end of a capacitor C28, and is connected with the VBAT power source, the other end of the capacitor C27 and the other end of the capacitor C28 are grounded, the other end of the diode D9 is connected with one end of a capacitor E1, one end of a capacitor C25, one end of a resistor R42, one end of a capacitor C24, one end of a diode D11, one end of a resistor R11 and one end of a diode D12 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with one end of a diode D7, and the other end of the diode D11 are grounded.
7. An automatic measuring instrument for soil oxidation-reduction potential according to claim 1, wherein: the battery voltage monitoring module comprises a triode Q3, the collector of the triode Q3 is connected with one end of a diode D6, a pin 1 of an MOS tube Q1 and one end of a resistor R31, the other end of the resistor R312 and a pin 2 of the MOS tube Q1 are connected with a VSWQ power supply, a pin 3 of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a VBAT power supply, the base of the triode Q3 is connected with one end of a resistor R37 and one end of a resistor R36, the other end of the resistor R37 is grounded with the emitter of the triode Q3, the other end of the resistor R36 is connected with a pin 1 of an amplifier U10A, a pin 8 of the amplifier U10A is connected with the VBAT power supply, a pin 4 of the amplifier U10A is grounded, a pin 3 of the amplifier U10A is connected with a pin 24 of a chip U12 and one end of a resistor R40, the other end of the resistor R40 is connected with +3.3V, the other end of the diode D6 is connected with one end of a diode D5, one end of a resistor R30, one end of the resistor R33 and one end of a key SW1, the other end of the diode D5 is connected with a pin 25 of the chip U12, the other end of the resistor R30 is connected with the other end of the VSWQ 3, the resistor R4 of the resistor R20 and one end of the resistor R20, the other end of the resistor R20 of the resistor R34 are connected with the resistor R20, the resistor R20 and one end of the resistor R20 are connected with the resistor R20, the resistor R32;
the battery voltage monitoring module further comprises an amplifier U10B, wherein a pin 5 of the amplifier U10B is connected with one end of a capacitor C21, one end of a resistor R39 and one end of a resistor R35, the other end of the capacitor C21 and the other end of the resistor R39 are grounded, and a pin 6 and a pin 7 of the amplifier U10B are connected with a pin 16 of a chip U12.
8. An automatic measuring instrument for soil oxidation-reduction potential according to claim 1, wherein: communication module includes chip U13, chip U13's model is SP3485, 1 foot of chip U13 is connected with chip U12's 52 feet, 2 feet and 3 feet of chip U13 are connected with chip U12's 50 feet, chip U13's 4 feet are connected with chip U12's 51 feet, chip U13's 6 feet are connected with resistance R59 one end, resistance R58 one end and resistance R57 one end, resistance R59 another termination +3.3V power, the resistance R58 other end is connected with TVS pipe D17 one end and interface P4's 2 feet, chip U13's 7 feet are connected with resistance R55 one end, resistance R56 one end and the resistance R57 other end, resistance R55 other end ground connection, the resistance R56 other end is connected with TVS pipe D16 one end and interface P4's 3 feet, interface P4 is used for external PH sensor.
9. An automatic measuring instrument for soil oxidation-reduction potential according to claim 1, wherein: the display module includes interface J1, interface J1 is used for external display screen, interface J1 'S1-5 feet are connected with electric capacity C29 one end and electric capacity E2 one end, and LCD _ PWR power, the electric capacity C29 other end and electric capacity E2 other end ground connection, interface J1' S20 feet are connected with resistance R47 one end and MOS pipe Q7 'S D foot, the resistance R47 other end is connected with resistance R50 one end and interface J1' S21 feet, resistance R50 other end ground connection, MOS pipe Q7 'S G foot is connected with triode Q8' S collecting electrode and resistance R48 one end, triode Q8 'S base is connected with resistance R51 one end and resistance R52 one end, resistance R52 other end and triode Q8' S projecting pole ground connection, the resistance R51 other end is connected with chip U12 'S8 feet, MOS pipe Q7' S S foot is connected with resistance R48 other end and USB interface module, interface J1 'S30 feet are connected with chip U12' S30 feet, interface J1 'S31 feet are connected with chip U12' S31 feet.
10. An automatic measuring instrument for soil oxidation-reduction potential according to claim 1, wherein: USB interface module includes chip type-c1, the A4 foot of chip type-c1, the A9 foot, the S foot that MOS pipe Q7 is connected to B4 foot and B9 foot, the A6 foot of chip type-c1 is connected with interface J1 'S24 feet, chip type-c 1' S A7 foot is connected with interface J1 'S23 feet, chip type-c 1' S A9 foot is connected with TVS pipe D15 one end, TVS pipe D15 other end ground connection, chip type-c1 'S B6 foot is connected with TVS pipe D13 one end, chip type-c 1' S B7 foot is connected with TVS pipe D14 one end, the TVS pipe D13 other end and TVS pipe D14 other end ground connection.
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