CN115261727B - 一种9.8级紧固件用MnV系非调质冷镦钢盘条及其生产方法 - Google Patents

一种9.8级紧固件用MnV系非调质冷镦钢盘条及其生产方法 Download PDF

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CN115261727B
CN115261727B CN202210938248.7A CN202210938248A CN115261727B CN 115261727 B CN115261727 B CN 115261727B CN 202210938248 A CN202210938248 A CN 202210938248A CN 115261727 B CN115261727 B CN 115261727B
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阮士朋
屈小波
王鲁义
张林祥
李超
黄博文
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Jiangsu Yonggang Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种9.8级紧固件用MnV系非调质冷镦钢盘条及其生产方法，在转炉冶炼过程中：废钢比≤20％，出钢温度≥1600℃，出钢碳含量控制在0.12‑0.20％、磷含量控制在P≤0.015％，大方坯连铸过程中：采取低过热度控制，过热度范围是20‑35℃，采用结晶器电搅和末端电搅组合方式进行搅拌；轧制过程中：开轧温度1050‑1120℃，进精轧温度840～860℃，进减定径温度810～830℃，吐丝温度780～800℃，冷却速度控制在0.4～0.6℃/s。本发明通过优化非调冷镦钢的化学成分，并优化生产工艺，使生产的非调质冷镦钢盘条具有良好的强塑性指标，满足对疲劳和耐延迟断裂性能的要求。

Description

一种9.8级紧固件用MnV系非调质冷镦钢盘条及其生产方法
技术领域
本发明涉及冷镦钢技术领域，具体涉及一种9.8级紧固件用MnV系非调质冷镦钢盘条及其生产方法。
背景技术
传统的9.8级高强度紧固件往往采用ML40Cr、SCM440等材料生产，其制造过程包括拉拔-球化退火-拉拔-冷镦-调质等工序，球化退火和调质热处理过程需要消耗大量的能源，且增加了生产工序和制造成本，对于长杆的螺栓等零件还存在调质处理后零件弯曲的风险，需要增加矫直处理。非调质冷镦钢通过化学成分设计和微观组织的合理调控，可以省去客户的退火和调质工序，降低制造成本并节约能源消耗，是一种绿色节能产品。但非调质冷镦钢盘条的塑性往往较差，冷镦过程存在模具损耗大，甚至冷镦开裂的风险，这在一定程度上限制了高强度非调质冷镦钢的应用。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在不足，本发明提供了一种9.8级紧固件用MnV系非调质冷镦钢盘条及其生产方法，可以省去退火和调质工序，降低加工成本。
本发明是通过以下技术手段实现上述技术目的的。
一种9.8级紧固件用MnV系非调质冷镦钢盘条，所述非调质冷镦钢盘条所含组分及重量百分比为：
C：0.23～0.33％，Si：0.20～0.60％，Mn：1.05～1.40％，P≤0.015％，S：0.020～0.045％，V：0.05～0.15％，Ti：0.02～0.05％，Cr：0.10～0.30％，Al：0.015～0.050％，Mo≤0.20％，Ni≤0.20％，Cu≤0.20％，N：0.0060～0.0120％，O≤0.0012％，H≤0.0002％，其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
所述非调质冷镦钢盘条满足：
0.50％≤C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5≤0.60％；
残余元素As+Sn+Pb+Sb≤0.015％；
F+P的比例≥99％；
纵向贝氏体/马氏体的带宽≤50μm。
一种9.8级紧固件用MnV系非调质冷镦钢盘条的生产方法，包括：转炉冶炼→LF+VD双精炼→大方坯连铸→开坯→钢坯探伤→加热→轧制→吐丝→控冷。
进一步的技术方案，所述转炉冶炼过程中：
废钢比≤20％；
出钢温度≥1600℃；
出钢碳含量控制在0.12-0.20％、磷含量控制在P≤0.015％。
进一步的技术方案，LF精炼过程中采用铝豆和碳化硅进行扩散脱氧，且白渣保持时间≥15min。
进一步的技术方案，VD真空精炼时：
真空度≤67Pa且保持时间≥15min，；
出VD站前进行轻钙处理；
控制软吹时间≥20min。
进一步的技术方案，所述大方坯连铸过程中：
采取低过热度控制，过热度范围是20-35℃；
采用结晶器电搅和末端电搅组合方式进行搅拌。
进一步的技术方案，所述轧制过程中：
开轧温度1050-1120℃；
进精轧温度840～860℃；
进减定径温度810～830℃；吐丝温度780～800℃；
冷却速度控制在0.4～0.6℃/s。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明的MnV系非调冷镦钢盘条可替代ML40Cr、SCM440等合金冷镦钢，用于生产9.8级紧固件，省去退火和调质工序，降低加工成本；通过优化非调冷镦钢的化学成分，并优化转炉冶炼、连铸工艺和控轧控冷工艺，使生产的非调质冷镦钢盘条具有良好的强塑性指标，能够满足客户冷镦成型对强度和塑性的要求，同时能够满足高强度螺栓对疲劳和耐延迟断裂性能的要求。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。
本发明一种9.8级紧固件用MnV系非调质冷镦钢盘条的所含组分及重量百分比为：
C：0.23～0.33％，Si：0.20～0.60％，Mn：1.05～1.40％，P≤0.015％，S：0.020～0.045％，V：0.05～0.15％，Ti：0.02～0.05％，Cr：0.10～0.30％，Al：0.015～0.050％，Mo≤0.20％，Ni≤0.20％，Cu≤0.20％，N：0.0060～0.0120％，O≤0.0012％，H≤0.0002％，其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。且满足0.50％≤C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5≤0.60％，残余元素As+Sn+Pb+Sb≤0.015％，F+P(铁素体+珠光体)比例≥99％，纵向贝氏体/马氏体的带宽≤50μm。
上述元素组成在本申请中的具体效果如下：
C含量增加，使得钢的强度和硬度升高，且塑性和韧性降低，为了获取理想的强度和塑性的中碳冷镦钢线材，将C含量控制在0.23～0.33％。
Si可提高钢的强度和耐腐蚀性能，但Si元素的提高会加剧钢材的脱碳，恶化冷镦性能，故根据本申请中的C含量，因此将Si含量控制在0.20～0.60％。
Mn能够提高奥氏体组织的稳定性，显著提高钢的淬透性，本申请中Mn含量控制在1.05～1.40％。
P可以提高锈层稳定性，增加钢的耐候性能，但P通常会引起S和Mn的共同偏聚，对产品的组织和性能的均匀性有害，因此控制P≤0.015％。
S在铁中几乎不溶解，而与铁形成FeS，FeS与Fe形成低熔点的共晶体，在热加工时，共晶体容易融化导致开裂，增加钢的热脆性，S与Mn结合形成MnS夹杂，可改善钢的切削加工性能，因此S含量控制在0.020～0.045％。
V与C形成碳化物，可提高抗氢腐蚀能力，V含量控制在0.05～0.15％。
Ti在钢中形成TiC和TiN，有效改善高强钢的耐延迟断裂性能，加入过量的Ti，容易形成夹杂物，本申请将Ti含量控制在0.02～0.05％。
Cr元素在钢中显著提高强韧性和热强性，提高耐延迟断裂性，但过量的Cr增加钢的回火脆性倾向，Cr的含量控制在0.10～0.30％。
Al是较强脱氧元素，同时提高钢的抗氧化性能，但是Al含量过多，会导致钢的耐延迟断裂性降低，Al含量控制在0.015～0.050％。
Mo是非常有效延缓紧固件延迟断裂的元素，同时Mo也是增加淬透性和析出硬化元素，有效提高钢热处理回火后的强度，但Mo含量过剩会恶化钢的冷加工性能；对于本申请9.8级紧固件用MnV系非调质冷镦钢盘条，其Mo含量为Mo≤0.10％。
Ni能稳定奥氏体，同时显著提高低温韧性，本申请中Ni含量的范围是：Ni≤0.20％。
Cu能提高钢的耐蚀性能，但是Cu也会恶化钢的耐延迟断裂性能，故将Cu含量的范围设置为：Cu≤0.20％。
N元素的存在，会与V等合金元素结合形成氮化物或碳氮化物，起到析出强化的作用，本申请控制N控制在0.0060％～0.0120％。
O在钢中形成氧化物夹杂，控制O≤0.0012％。
钢中H元素会影响冷镦钢的耐延迟断裂性能，控制H≤0.0002％。
本发明一种9.8级紧固件用MnV系非调质冷镦钢盘条的生产流程，包括：转炉冶炼→LF+VD双精炼→大方坯连铸→开坯→钢坯全扒皮探伤→加热→轧制→吐丝→控冷→检验→包装→称重→标记→入库，其中：
首先进行转炉冶炼，转炉冶炼过程中废钢比≤20％，转炉底部全程吹入氩气并进行搅拌，出钢过程加入铝锭脱氧剂、增碳剂、合金(硅铁合金、硅锰合金、中碳锰铁、中碳铬铁、钒铁合金)、渣料，出钢温度≥1600℃，出钢碳含量控制在0.12-0.20％，出钢磷含量控制在P≤0.015％；
LF精炼过程中采用铝豆和碳化硅进行扩散脱氧，使炉渣逐渐变白，且白渣保持时间≥15min；
对LF精炼后的钢水进行VD真空精炼，VD真空精炼时，真空度≤67Pa且保持时间≥15min，；破空后取渣样、测温并喂入氮化锰线/钛铁线/铝线等调整化学成分；出VD站前5min进行轻钙处理(向VD炉中加入0-20m/炉的钙线)；且控制软吹时间≥20min；
对VD真空精炼后的钢水进行大方坯连铸，大方坯连铸采取全程保护浇铸；采取低过热度控制，过热度范围是20-35℃；采用结晶器电搅和末端电搅组合方式进行搅拌，减轻铸坯枝晶偏析；
盘条轧制工序的参数控制为：开轧温度1050-1120℃，进精轧温度840～860℃，进减定径温度810～830℃，吐丝温度780～800℃，冷却速度控制在0.4～0.6℃/s。
本发明中其余生产工艺的具体方法与现有技术相同。
通过上述工艺加工的非调质冷镦钢盘条，按DIN50602-K法检测出氧化物的夹杂K3(O)≤15；加工的非调质冷镦钢盘条性能指标如下：抗拉强度为750～800MPa、断面收缩率≥50％、伸长率≥18％，盘条总脱碳层深度≤0.7％D(D为盘条的直径)；盘条的晶粒度为9.5-11级，盘条的组织主要为F+P，且其比例≥99％，纵向贝氏体或马氏体带宽≤50μm；盘条1/3冷顶锻合格；盘条表面裂纹深度≤0.03mm。
本发明通过优化化学成分、转炉冶炼、连铸工艺以及控轧控冷工艺，提高盘条的塑性和纯净度，减少盘条的偏析，满足客户冷镦成型要求，并满足客户对疲劳和耐延迟断裂性能的要求。
所述实施例为本发明的优选的实施方式，但本发明并不限于上述实施方式，在不背离本发明的实质内容的情况下，本领域技术人员能够做出的任何显而易见的改进、替换或变型均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种9.8级紧固件用MnV系非调质冷镦钢盘条，其特征在于，所述非调质冷镦钢盘条所含组分及重量百分比为：
C：0.23～0.33％，Si：0.20～0.60％，Mn：1.05～1.40％，P≤0.015％，S：0.020～0.045％，V：0.05～0.15％，Ti：0.02～0.05％，Cr：0.10～0.30％，Al：0.015～0.050％，Mo≤0.20％，Ni≤0.20％，Cu≤0.20％，N：0.0060～0.0120％，O≤0.0012％，H≤0.0002％，其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
所述非调质冷镦钢盘条满足：
0.50％≤C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5≤0.60％；
残余元素As+Sn+Pb+Sb≤0.015％；
F+P的比例≥99％；
纵向贝氏体/马氏体的带宽≤50μm。
2.一种基于权利要求1所述的9.8级紧固件用MnV系非调质冷镦钢盘条的生产方法，其特征在于，包括：转炉冶炼→LF+VD双精炼→大方坯连铸→开坯→钢坯探伤→加热→轧制→吐丝→控冷；
所述转炉冶炼过程中：
废钢比≤20％；
出钢温度≥1600℃；
出钢碳含量控制在0.12-0.20％、磷含量控制在P≤0.015％；
所述大方坯连铸过程中：
采取低过热度控制，过热度范围是20-35℃；
采用结晶器电搅和末端电搅组合方式进行搅拌；
所述轧制过程中：
开轧温度1050-1120℃；
进精轧温度840～860℃；
进减定径温度810～830℃；吐丝温度780～800℃；
冷却速度控制在0.4～0.6℃/s。
3.根据权利要求2所述的生产方法，其特征在于，LF精炼过程中采用铝豆和碳化硅进行扩散脱氧，且白渣保持时间≥15min。
4.根据权利要求2所述的生产方法，其特征在于，VD真空精炼时：
真空度≤67Pa且保持时间≥15min；
出VD站前进行轻钙处理；
控制软吹时间≥20min。
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