CN115259990A - Method and system for recycling waste heat and emission in acetylene production by calcium carbide method - Google Patents
Method and system for recycling waste heat and emission in acetylene production by calcium carbide method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 294
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 234
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 62
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 claims description 14
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001089 mineralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
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- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYFXBBAEXORJNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium cyanamide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[N-]=C=[N-] MYFXBBAEXORJNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C11/00—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C11/22—Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds
- C07C11/24—Acetylene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
- C01B32/914—Carbides of single elements
- C01B32/942—Calcium carbide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for recovering waste heat and recycling emissions in acetylene production by a calcium carbide method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: preparing calcium carbonate slurry from the carbide slag; carbon dioxide gas is used as a cold source medium to carry out heat exchange treatment on the molten calcium carbide; after heat exchange treatment is carried out on the cold source medium, the temperature is increased to become carbon dioxide gas at a first temperature; performing heat exchange treatment on the calcium carbonate slurry by taking carbon dioxide gas at a first temperature as a heat source medium to dry the calcium carbonate slurry; wherein, after heat exchange treatment, the temperature of the heat source medium is reduced to become carbon dioxide gas at a second temperature; wherein the carbon dioxide gas of the second temperature is used as a raw material in the step of preparing the calcium carbonate slurry to react with the carbide slag to prepare the calcium carbonate slurry. The method is mainly used for innovatively coupling the waste heat and the emission in the acetylene production process by the calcium carbide method so as to achieve multiple purposes of waste heat recovery, carbon emission reduction and solid waste recycling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of acetylene production by a calcium carbide method, in particular to a method and a system for recovering waste heat and recycling emissions in the acetylene production by the calcium carbide method.
Background
The process route for producing acetylene by the calcium carbide method mainly comprises the following steps: calcining limestone (calcium carbonate) in a calcining kiln to pyrolyze the limestone into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide; then, preparing calcium carbide in a calcium carbide furnace by taking calcium oxide and C as raw materials; finally, acetylene and carbide slag are prepared by taking carbide and water as raw materials.
However, the inventor of the present invention finds that the existing calcium carbide method for producing acetylene has at least the following problems:
(1) The electric arc furnace (calcium carbide furnace) produces high-temperature molten calcium carbide with the temperature as high as about 2000 ℃. The existing production process is to keep the molten calcium carbide standing in a natural environment for cooling and then solidify, however, high-quality sensible heat is completely wasted, and a technology for recovering the waste heat of the molten calcium carbide is urgently needed from the aspects of energy consumption, carbon neutralization and carbon peak reaching.
In addition, the calcium carbide can react with water violently, so the calcium carbide is prevented from contacting with water in the processes of transportation, storage and waste heat utilization; the high-temperature calcium carbide can react with nitrogen to generate lime nitrogen, so that for the molten calcium carbide, the contact area of the molten calcium carbide and the nitrogen is controlled; because the air contains nitrogen and humidity, the formed high-temperature calcium carbide is prevented from contacting with the air due to the increase of the specific surface area, so that the threat of weathering is prevented. Therefore, the conventional waste heat utilization method is not suitable for recycling waste heat resources of the molten calcium carbide.
(2) In the calciner the limestone is pyrolyzed to calcium oxide and carbon dioxide so that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the exhaust gases from the calciner is relatively high and will be further increased if the calciner employs oxygen-rich combustion. The existing acetylene production process by the calcium carbide method does not well recycle carbon dioxide.
(3) Recycling of carbide slag: in the prior art, carbide slag is mainly used as a cement raw material, but the utilization approach of carbide slag is urgently needed to be expanded from the industrial development of carbide and acetylene due to the fact that the required dosage of cement is less.
In summary, there is a need for a recycling process and system capable of recovering waste heat and discharging products (carbon dioxide and carbide slag) in the existing process for producing acetylene by using a calcium carbide method.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method and a system for recovering waste heat and recycling emissions in acetylene production by a calcium carbide process, and mainly aims to realize waste heat recovery and recycling of emissions in the acetylene production process by the calcium carbide process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention mainly provides the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for recovering waste heat and recycling emissions in acetylene production by a calcium carbide method, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
preparing calcium carbonate slurry: preparing calcium carbonate slurry from the carbide slag;
a step of cooling molten calcium carbide: carbon dioxide gas is used as a cold source medium to carry out heat exchange treatment on the molten calcium carbide; after heat exchange treatment is carried out on the cold source medium, the temperature is increased to form carbon dioxide gas at a first temperature;
drying the calcium carbonate slurry: performing heat exchange treatment on the calcium carbonate slurry by using the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature as a heat source medium to dry the calcium carbonate slurry; after heat exchange treatment, the temperature of the heat source medium is reduced to form carbon dioxide gas at a second temperature;
wherein the carbon dioxide gas at the second temperature is used as a raw material in the step of preparing the calcium carbonate slurry to react with the carbide slag to prepare the calcium carbonate slurry.
Preferably, in the step of cooling the molten calcium carbide: the cold source medium is derived from carbon dioxide tail gas generated by calcining calcium carbonate in the acetylene production process by the calcium carbide method (it needs to be explained here that although the tail gas discharged by calcining the calcium carbonate is high temperature, the temperature of the tail gas is reduced after the tail gas is cooled by a calcium carbonate preheater and carbon dioxide is purified); preferably, the carbon dioxide tail gas generated by calcining calcium carbonate in the process of producing acetylene by a calcium carbide method is subjected to pressure swing adsorption treatment to obtain purified carbon dioxide gas; performing heat exchange treatment on the molten calcium carbide by taking the purified carbon dioxide gas as a cold source medium; preferably, the volume concentration of the carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide tail gas is 25-40%; preferably, the volume concentration of carbon dioxide in the purified carbon dioxide gas is more than or equal to 95 percent; preferably, the pressure swing adsorption process is a PSA pressure swing adsorption process.
Preferably, the temperature of the cold source medium does not exceed 50 ℃;
preferably, the first temperature is 700 to 900 ℃.
Preferably, the second temperature is 70 to 150 ℃.
Preferably, in the calcium carbonate slurry drying step: drying the calcium carbonate slurry to obtain solid calcium carbonate; the solid calcium carbonate is used as a raw material in a process for producing acetylene by a calcium carbide method.
Preferably, in the step of cooling the molten calcium carbide: performing heat exchange treatment on the molten calcium carbide, and simultaneously performing granulation treatment on the calcium carbide to form granular calcium carbide; preferably, the particle size of the granular calcium carbide is 5-80mm.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
water vapor condensation treatment: condensing the water vapor generated in the step of drying the calcium carbonate slurry to realize the recovery and utilization of water resources; preferably, the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature is divided into a first portion and a second portion; wherein the first part is used as a heat source medium to carry out heat exchange treatment on the calcium carbonate slurry; the second part is used for generating power to provide power for the water vapor condensation treatment; further preferably, the second part is cooled to carbon dioxide gas at a third temperature after power generation and utilization; wherein the carbon dioxide gas with the third temperature is used as a raw material in the step of preparing the calcium carbonate slurry to react with the carbide slag to prepare the calcium carbonate slurry. Further preferably, the third temperature is 280 to 320 ℃, preferably 300 ℃.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a system for recycling waste heat and emissions in acetylene production by a calcium carbide process, wherein the system comprises:
the mineralization device is used for preparing calcium carbonate slurry by taking carbide slag as a raw material;
the forming and heat exchange device is used for carrying out heat exchange treatment on the molten calcium carbide by taking carbon dioxide gas as a cold source medium; after heat exchange treatment is carried out on the cold source medium, the temperature is increased to form carbon dioxide gas at a first temperature;
the calcium carbonate upgrading device is used for performing heat exchange treatment on calcium carbonate slurry output by the mineralization device by taking the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature as a heat source medium so as to dry the calcium carbonate slurry;
after the heat exchange treatment is carried out on the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature in the calcium carbonate upgrading device, the temperature is reduced to form carbon dioxide gas at a second temperature; and the carbon dioxide gas with the second temperature is used for being conveyed into the mineralizing device and reacts with the carbide slag to prepare calcium carbonate slurry.
Preferably, the system further comprises:
the pressure swing adsorption device is used for carrying out pressure swing adsorption treatment on carbon dioxide tail gas generated by calcining calcium carbonate in the process of producing acetylene by using a calcium carbide method to obtain purified carbon dioxide gas; the pressure swing adsorption device is connected with the forming and heat exchange device and is used for conveying the purified carbon dioxide gas into the forming and heat exchange device to serve as a cold source medium for carrying out heat exchange treatment on the molten calcium carbide; preferably, the pressure swing adsorption device is a PSA (pressure swing adsorption) device.
Preferably, the forming and heat exchanging device comprises a granulating structure, so that the calcium carbide is granulated while the molten calcium carbide is cooled, and granular calcium carbide is formed.
Preferably, the system further comprises:
and the water vapor condensing device is communicated with the water vapor output structure of the calcium carbonate upgrading device and is used for condensing the water vapor generated by the calcium carbonate upgrading device.
Preferably, the system further comprises:
the power generation device is connected with the water vapor condensation device and is used for providing power for the water vapor condensation device; preferably, the gas output structure on the forming and heat exchanging device is respectively connected with the power generation device and the calcium carbonate upgrading device so as to convey one part of the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature to the calcium carbonate upgrading device and convey the other part of the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature to the power generation device; wherein the power generation device generates power by using carbon dioxide; preferably, after the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature is used for power generation by the power generation device, the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature is cooled to be carbon dioxide gas at a third temperature for conveying to the mineralization device.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a calcium carbide method acetylene production process system, which comprises a calcium carbonate calcination device, a calcium carbide production device and an acetylene production device, wherein the calcium carbide method acetylene production process system further comprises: any one of the above waste heat recovery and emission recycling systems in acetylene production by calcium carbide process.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the system for recovering waste heat and recycling emissions in acetylene production by the calcium carbide process have the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for recovering waste heat and recycling emissions in acetylene production by a calcium carbide method, aiming at the acetylene production process by the calcium carbide method, the following design is carried out: preparing calcium carbonate slurry from the discharged carbide slag; the method comprises the following steps of (1) exchanging heat of high-temperature molten calcium carbide by using discharged carbon dioxide gas as a cold source medium to realize waste heat recovery, so as to obtain high-temperature carbon dioxide gas; the high-temperature carbon dioxide gas (at least part of) is used for drying the calcium carbonate slurry to obtain pure calcium carbonate solid and low-temperature carbon dioxide; the low-temperature carbon dioxide is used for carrying out mineralization reaction with the discharged carbide slag to generate solid calcium carbonate, the generated solid calcium carbonate enters the calcining kiln again to be calcined to generate calcium oxide, the requirement of the calcium carbonate raw material of the calcium carbide production process is met, and therefore the industrial cycle of acetylene and calcium carbide production is formed. Preferably, the water vapor generated by drying the calcium carbonate slurry is condensed by a water vapor condensing device, so as to realize the recovery of water resources. Further preferably, a portion of the high temperature carbon dioxide gas is used to generate electricity to power the water vapor condensing device. In conclusion, the scheme of the invention carries out innovative coupling according to the characteristics of the waste heat and the emission in the process of producing acetylene by the calcium carbide method, realizes the waste heat recovery and the emission product resource in the process of producing acetylene by the calcium carbide method, and further realizes multiple advantages of environmental management, energy conservation, emission reduction, solid waste resource utilization and the like.
Further, according to the method and the system for recycling the waste heat and the emissions in the acetylene production by the calcium carbide process, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the high-temperature molten calcium carbide is granulated while heat exchange (namely waste heat recovery) is performed on the high-temperature molten calcium carbide by using a cold source medium, so that the method and the system can be directly used for acetylene production.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the technical solutions of the present invention practical in accordance with the contents of the specification, the following detailed description is given of preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for recovering waste heat and recycling emissions in acetylene production by a calcium carbide process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, characteristics and effects according to the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" refers to not necessarily the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Example 1
On the one hand, as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a method for recovering waste heat and recycling emissions in acetylene production by a calcium carbide process, which comprises the following steps:
preparing calcium carbonate slurry: preparing calcium carbonate slurry from the carbide slag.
In particular to the carbide slag (Ca (OH) discharged in the process of producing acetylene by the carbide method2) And preparing calcium carbonate slurry by using carbon dioxide as a raw material.
A step of cooling molten calcium carbide: carbon dioxide gas is used as a cold source medium to carry out heat exchange treatment on the molten calcium carbide; after heat exchange treatment, the temperature of the cold source medium is increased to form carbon dioxide gas at a first temperature (namely, high-temperature carbon dioxide gas, the temperature is 700-900 ℃).
In the step, carbon dioxide has strong chemical stability under the conditions of no catalyst and the like, and does not react with calcium carbide, so that the carbon dioxide is considered to be used as a cold source medium to directly contact and exchange heat with molten calcium carbide; preferably, simultaneously, the calcium carbide granulator also can be used as a powerful medium for calcium carbide molding or granulation.
Preferably, the source of the carbon dioxide gas in the step is carbon dioxide tail gas generated by calcining calcium carbonate in the process of producing acetylene by a calcium carbide method. Further, carrying out pressure swing adsorption treatment on carbon dioxide tail gas generated by calcining calcium carbonate in the process of producing acetylene by using a calcium carbide method to obtain purified carbon dioxide gas; and (4) performing heat exchange treatment on the molten calcium carbide by taking the purified carbon dioxide gas as a cold source medium. Preferably, the volume concentration of the carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide tail gas is 25-40%; preferably, the volume concentration of the carbon dioxide in the purified carbon dioxide gas is more than or equal to 95 percent; preferably, the pressure swing adsorption process is a PSA pressure swing adsorption process.
Preferably, in the step of cooling the molten calcium carbide: and performing heat exchange treatment on the molten calcium carbide, and simultaneously performing granulation treatment on the calcium carbide to form low-temperature granular calcium carbide.
Drying the calcium carbonate slurry: performing heat exchange treatment on the calcium carbonate slurry by using carbon dioxide gas at a first temperature (namely, high-temperature carbon dioxide gas, preferably at least part of the high-temperature carbon dioxide gas) as a heat source medium to dry the calcium carbonate slurry; wherein, the temperature of the heat source medium is reduced after heat exchange treatment to become carbon dioxide gas with a second temperature (namely, low-temperature carbon dioxide gas; the temperature is about 300 ℃). Wherein the carbon dioxide gas at the second temperature (i.e., the low-temperature carbon dioxide gas) is used as a raw material in the step of preparing the calcium carbonate slurry to react with the carbide slag to prepare the calcium carbonate slurry. In addition, drying the calcium carbonate slurry to obtain solid calcium carbonate; the solid calcium carbonate can directly enter a calcining kiln for calcining, and meets the requirements of calcium carbonate raw materials of calcium carbide production process.
The steps proposed in this embodiment are described as follows:
as described in the background art, the existing acetylene production process by the calcium carbide method has the following problems: the technology for recovering the waste heat of the molten calcium carbide, the good recycling of carbon dioxide and the utilization way of the calcium carbide slag are not needed to be expanded. Based on this, the steps provided by this embodiment can not only realize the recovery of the waste heat of the molten calcium carbide and the recovery and utilization of the emissions (carbon dioxide and carbide slag), but also couple the waste heat recovery and the emission resource innovatively to form a cyclic process route, and can better realize the purposes of waste heat recovery, carbon emission reduction and solid waste resource in the process of producing acetylene by the calcium carbide method.
Example 2
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for recycling waste heat and emissions in acetylene production by calcium carbide process, and compared with embodiment 1, the method of the present embodiment further includes a water vapor condensation treatment step: and water vapor generated in the step of drying the calcium carbonate slurry is condensed to realize the recycling of water resources.
Preferably, the present embodiment is further designed as follows: dividing the carbon dioxide gas (high-temperature carbon dioxide gas) with the first temperature obtained in the step of cooling the molten calcium carbide into a first part and a second part; wherein the first part is used as a heat source medium to carry out heat exchange treatment on the calcium carbonate slurry; the second part is used for generating power and providing power for the condensation treatment of the water vapor. Preferably, the second part is cooled to a third temperature of carbon dioxide gas (i.e. low temperature carbon dioxide gas) after power generation; wherein the carbon dioxide gas of the third temperature (low-temperature carbon dioxide gas) is used as a raw material in the step of preparing the calcium carbonate slurry. Here, the present embodiment further provides a power generation device using high-temperature carbon dioxide to provide power for the water vapor condensation processing step, thereby further realizing resource utilization and saving energy.
Example 3
On the other hand, as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for recycling waste heat and emissions in acetylene production by a calcium carbide process, which is used for implementing the methods described in the foregoing embodiments 1 to 2. Wherein, waste heat recovery and emission resourceful system in carbide method production acetylene includes: a mineralization device 1, a forming and heat exchange device 2 and a calcium carbonate upgrading device 3. Wherein, the mineralization device 1 is used for preparing calcium carbonate slurry by taking the discharged carbide slag as a raw material. The forming and heat exchanging device 2 is used for performing heat exchanging treatment on the molten calcium carbide by taking carbon dioxide gas as a cold source medium; after the heat exchange treatment, the temperature of the cold source medium is increased to become carbon dioxide gas at a first temperature (i.e., high-temperature carbon dioxide gas). The calcium carbonate upgrading device 3 is used for performing heat exchange treatment on calcium carbonate slurry output by the mineralization device 1 by taking carbon dioxide gas at a first temperature as a heat source medium so as to dry the calcium carbonate slurry. After heat exchange treatment is performed on the carbon dioxide gas (high-temperature carbon dioxide gas) at the first temperature in the calcium carbonate upgrading device 3, the temperature is reduced to form carbon dioxide gas (namely, low-temperature carbon dioxide gas) at a second temperature; the carbon dioxide gas (low-temperature carbon dioxide gas) at the second temperature is used for being conveyed into the mineralization device 1 and reacting with the carbide slag to prepare calcium carbonate slurry.
Preferably, the system further comprises a pressure swing adsorption device 5; the pressure swing adsorption device 5 is used for carrying out pressure swing adsorption treatment on carbon dioxide tail gas generated by calcining calcium carbonate in the process of producing acetylene by using a calcium carbide method to obtain purified carbon dioxide gas. Wherein, pressure swing adsorption device 5 is connected with shaping and heat transfer device 2 (preferably through the tube coupling, preferably, pressure swing adsorption device 5 is connected with the heat transfer system in shaping and heat transfer device 2 through the pipeline) for carry the carbon dioxide gas after the purification treatment to shaping and heat transfer device 2 in, carry out heat transfer treatment as the cold source medium to the melting carbide. Preferably, the pressure swing adsorption device 5 is a PSA pressure swing adsorption device.
In summary, the system for recycling the waste heat and the emissions in the acetylene production by the calcium carbide process provided by the embodiment can not only recycle the waste heat of the molten calcium carbide and recycle the emissions (carbon dioxide and carbide slag), but also couple the waste heat recovery and the emissions into one resource to form a cyclic process, and can better realize the waste heat recovery, carbon emission reduction and solid waste recycling in the acetylene production process by the calcium carbide process.
Preferably, the forming and heat exchanging device 2 comprises a granulating structure, so that the calcium carbide is subjected to granulation treatment while the molten calcium carbide is subjected to cooling treatment, so that low-temperature granular calcium carbide is formed, and the calcium carbide is directly used for acetylene production.
Example 4
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a system for recycling waste heat and emissions in acetylene production by calcium carbide process, and compared with embodiment 3, the present embodiment further designs a water vapor condensing device 4; the water vapor condensing device 4 is communicated with a water vapor output structure of the calcium carbonate upgrading device 3, and is used for condensing water vapor generated by the calcium carbonate upgrading device 3 (in the calcium carbonate upgrading device 3, water vapor is generated due to drying of calcium carbonate slurry).
Preferably, the system further comprises a power generation device 6, wherein the power generation device 6 is connected with the water vapor condensation device 4 for powering the water vapor condensation device 4.
Preferably, the gas output structure on the forming and heat exchanging device 2 is respectively connected with the power generation device 6 and the calcium carbonate upgrading device 3, so as to convey one part of the carbon dioxide gas (high-temperature carbon dioxide) at the first temperature to the calcium carbonate upgrading device 3, and convey the other part to the power generation device 6; the power generation device 6 generates power using high-temperature carbon dioxide. Preferably, the carbon dioxide gas (high-temperature carbon dioxide) at the first temperature is used as the carbon dioxide gas (low-temperature carbon dioxide) at the third temperature after being used for power generation by the power generation device 6, and is then sent to the mineralization device 1.
In this embodiment, in addition to embodiment 3, a steam condensing device 4 is further designed to condense the steam generated by the calcium carbonate upgrading device 3, so as to realize the recycling of water resources, and the recycled condensed water can be used with high quality. Preferably, the embodiment further provides a power generation device using high-temperature carbon dioxide to provide power for the water vapor condensation treatment step, thereby further realizing resource utilization and saving energy.
Example 5
On the other hand, this embodiment still provides a carbide method production acetylene process systems, including calcium carbonate calcination device 7, carbide apparatus for producing 8, acetylene apparatus for producing 9, wherein, carbide method production acetylene process systems still includes: the system for recycling waste heat and emissions from acetylene production by calcium carbide process described in embodiment 3 or embodiment 4.
Here, because the calcium carbide process production acetylene process system provided by this embodiment includes the waste heat recovery and emission recycling system in the calcium carbide process production acetylene, the calcium carbide process production acetylene process system of this embodiment has the beneficial effects of the above embodiments, and the details are not repeated here.
The working flow of the calcium carbide process acetylene production process system of the embodiment is described in detail as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, in the process of producing acetylene by calcium carbide method, limestone (calcium carbonate) enters a calcining kiln (calcium carbonate calcining device 7) and is calcined at high temperature to generate calcium oxide and high-concentration carbon dioxide tail gas (wherein, the concentration range of carbon dioxide in the tail gas is 25-40%). Wherein the generated calcium oxide is mixed with coke and then enters an electric arc furnace (calcium carbide production device 8) to react at a high temperature of more than 2000 ℃ under the heating of an electrode bar to generate the calcium carbide.
When the electric arc furnace (calcium carbide production device 8) is used for producing calcium carbide, the temperature of the produced high-temperature molten calcium carbide is up to 2000 ℃. After the carbon dioxide tail gas discharged from the calcining kiln (calcium carbonate calcining device 7) is subjected to pressure swing adsorption treatment by the pressure swing adsorption device 5, the concentration of carbon dioxide is further increased, and purified carbon dioxide gas is obtained.
In the molding and heat exchange device 2, the purified carbon dioxide gas is used as a cold source medium to directly contact and exchange heat with the high-temperature molten calcium carbide, and after heat exchange treatment, the carbon dioxide gas (high-temperature carbon dioxide gas) at the first temperature is obtained by cooling. In addition, the calcium carbide is granulated and formed in the heat exchange process, so that the granular calcium carbide which can be directly used for acetylene production is obtained.
The granular calcium carbide reacts with water in an acetylene generator (acetylene production device 9) to generate an acetylene product, and simultaneously, the discharged calcium carbide slag is generated. In the mineralization device 1, the discharged carbide slag reacts with carbon dioxide to obtain calcium carbonate slurry.
In the calcium carbonate upgrading device 3, a part of carbon dioxide gas (high-temperature carbon dioxide gas) at a first temperature is used for drying the calcium carbonate slurry to obtain high-purity solid calcium carbonate (the high-purity solid calcium carbonate can directly enter a calcining kiln for calcining, so that the requirement of calcium carbide production is met). The water vapor generated by drying the calcium carbonate slurry enters the water vapor condensing device 4 for condensation to obtain pure condensed water, and the condensed water can be used in a high-quality manner. The power required by the steam condenser 4 is derived from a power generation device (which generates power using another part of the carbon dioxide gas having the first temperature).
Specifically, the purpose of the carbon dioxide gas (high-temperature carbon dioxide gas) at the first temperature output by the forming and heat exchanging device 2 is divided into two parts, and one part enters the calcium carbonate upgrading device 3; the other part is used for generating power and providing power for the water vapor condensation device 4. After heat is utilized, the temperature of the dioxide is reduced, and the obtained low-temperature carbon dioxide enters the mineralization device 2 to react with the carbide slag to prepare calcium carbonate slurry.
In summary, the scheme of the embodiment of the invention carries out innovative coupling according to the characteristics of the waste heat and the emission in the process of acetylene production by the calcium carbide method, realizes waste heat recovery and emission product resource in the process of acetylene production by the calcium carbide method, and thus realizes multiple advantages of environmental management, energy conservation, emission reduction, solid waste resource utilization and the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for recovering waste heat and recycling emissions in acetylene production by a calcium carbide method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing calcium carbonate slurry: preparing calcium carbonate slurry from the carbide slag;
a step of cooling molten calcium carbide: carbon dioxide gas is used as a cold source medium to carry out heat exchange treatment on the molten calcium carbide; after heat exchange treatment is carried out on the cold source medium, the temperature is increased to form carbon dioxide gas at a first temperature;
drying the calcium carbonate slurry: performing heat exchange treatment on the calcium carbonate slurry by using the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature as a heat source medium to dry the calcium carbonate slurry; after heat exchange treatment, the temperature of the heat source medium is reduced to form carbon dioxide gas at a second temperature;
wherein the carbon dioxide gas at the second temperature is used as a raw material in the step of preparing the calcium carbonate slurry to react with the carbide slag to prepare the calcium carbonate slurry.
2. The method for recovering waste heat and recycling emissions in acetylene production by a calcium carbide process according to claim 1, wherein in the step of cooling the molten calcium carbide:
the cold source medium is derived from carbon dioxide tail gas generated by calcining calcium carbonate in the process of producing acetylene by using a calcium carbide method;
preferably, the carbon dioxide tail gas generated by calcining calcium carbonate in the process of producing acetylene by a calcium carbide method is subjected to pressure swing adsorption treatment to obtain purified carbon dioxide gas; performing heat exchange treatment on the molten calcium carbide by taking the purified carbon dioxide gas as a cold source medium;
preferably, the volume concentration of the carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide tail gas is 25-40%;
preferably, the volume concentration of carbon dioxide in the purified carbon dioxide gas is more than or equal to 95 percent;
preferably, the pressure swing adsorption process is a PSA pressure swing adsorption process.
3. The method for recycling the waste heat and the emission in the acetylene production by the calcium carbide process according to claim 1 or 2,
the temperature of the cold source medium is not more than 50 ℃; and/or
The first temperature is 700-900 ℃; and/or
The second temperature is 70-150 ℃; and/or
In the calcium carbonate slurry drying step: drying the calcium carbonate slurry to obtain solid calcium carbonate; the solid calcium carbonate is used as a raw material in a process for producing acetylene by a calcium carbide method; and/or
In the step of cooling the molten calcium carbide: and performing heat exchange treatment on the molten calcium carbide, and simultaneously performing granulation treatment on the calcium carbide to form granular calcium carbide.
4. The method for recycling the waste heat and the emissions in the acetylene production by the calcium carbide process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method further comprises the following steps:
water vapor condensation treatment: condensing the water vapor generated in the step of drying the calcium carbonate slurry to realize the recovery and utilization of water resources;
preferably, the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature is divided into a first portion and a second portion; wherein the first part is used as a heat source medium to carry out heat exchange treatment on the calcium carbonate slurry; the second part is used for generating electricity to provide power for the condensation treatment;
further preferably, the second part is cooled to carbon dioxide gas at a third temperature after power generation and utilization; wherein the carbon dioxide gas at the third temperature is used as a raw material in the step of preparing the calcium carbonate slurry to react with the carbide slag to prepare the calcium carbonate slurry; further preferably, the third temperature is 280 to 320 ℃, preferably 300 ℃.
5. A waste heat recovery and emission recycling system in acetylene production by a calcium carbide method is characterized by comprising the following components:
the mineralization device is used for preparing calcium carbonate slurry by taking carbide slag as a raw material;
the forming and heat exchange device is used for carrying out heat exchange treatment on the molten calcium carbide by taking carbon dioxide gas as a cold source medium; after heat exchange treatment is carried out on the cold source medium, the temperature is increased to form carbon dioxide gas at a first temperature;
the calcium carbonate upgrading device is used for performing heat exchange treatment on calcium carbonate slurry output by the mineralization device by taking the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature as a heat source medium so as to dry the calcium carbonate slurry;
after the heat exchange treatment is carried out on the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature in the calcium carbonate upgrading device, the temperature is reduced to form carbon dioxide gas at a second temperature; and the carbon dioxide gas with the second temperature is used for being conveyed into the mineralizing device and reacts with the carbide slag to prepare calcium carbonate slurry.
6. The system for recycling waste heat and emission in acetylene production by calcium carbide process according to claim 5, further comprising:
the pressure swing adsorption device is used for carrying out pressure swing adsorption treatment on carbon dioxide tail gas generated by calcining calcium carbonate in the process of producing acetylene by using a calcium carbide method to obtain purified carbon dioxide gas;
the pressure swing adsorption device is connected with the forming and heat exchange device and is used for conveying the purified carbon dioxide gas into the forming and heat exchange device to be used as a cold source medium for carrying out heat exchange treatment on the molten calcium carbide;
preferably, the pressure swing adsorption device is a PSA pressure swing adsorption device.
7. The system for recycling the waste heat and the emissions in the acetylene production by the calcium carbide process according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the forming and heat exchanging device comprises a granulating structure, so that the calcium carbide is granulated while the molten calcium carbide is cooled to form granular calcium carbide; preferably, the particle size of the granular calcium carbide is 5-80mm.
8. The system for recycling waste heat and emission in acetylene production by calcium carbide process according to any one of claims 5 to 7, further comprising:
and the water vapor condensing device is communicated with the water vapor output structure of the calcium carbonate upgrading device and is used for condensing the water vapor generated by the calcium carbonate upgrading device.
9. The system for recycling waste heat and emissions in acetylene production by calcium carbide process according to claim 8, wherein the system further comprises:
the power generation device is connected with the water vapor condensation device to provide power for the water vapor condensation device;
preferably, the gas output structure on the forming and heat exchanging device is respectively connected with the power generation device and the calcium carbonate upgrading device so as to convey one part of the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature to the calcium carbonate upgrading device and convey the other part of the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature to the power generation device; wherein the power generation device generates power by using carbon dioxide;
further preferably, after the carbon dioxide gas at the first temperature is used for power generation by the power generation device, the temperature of the carbon dioxide gas is reduced to a carbon dioxide gas at a third temperature for transportation to the mineralization device.
10. The utility model provides a carbide method production acetylene process systems, includes calcium carbonate calcination device, carbide apparatus for producing, acetylene apparatus for producing, its characterized in that, carbide method production acetylene process systems still includes: the system for recycling waste heat and emission in acetylene production by calcium carbide process according to any one of claims 5 to 9.
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| CN1986458A (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2007-06-27 | 梁永洪 | Carbide residue and waste water treating process |
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| CN203333536U (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-12-11 | 广西德陆科技有限公司 | Device for recycling acetylene gas from carbide slag slurry |
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| CN108675911A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-10-19 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | A kind of carbide acetylene production technology for reducing carbide slag and generating |
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| CN1986458A (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2007-06-27 | 梁永洪 | Carbide residue and waste water treating process |
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| CN203333536U (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-12-11 | 广西德陆科技有限公司 | Device for recycling acetylene gas from carbide slag slurry |
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