CN115254915A - Fly ash harmless treatment and resource production process and equipment - Google Patents
Fly ash harmless treatment and resource production process and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN115254915A CN115254915A CN202210932877.9A CN202210932877A CN115254915A CN 115254915 A CN115254915 A CN 115254915A CN 202210932877 A CN202210932877 A CN 202210932877A CN 115254915 A CN115254915 A CN 115254915A
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940124024 weight reducing agent Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ULGYAEQHFNJYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Ca] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ca] ULGYAEQHFNJYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 organic acid salt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003403 water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/38—Stirring or kneading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/70—Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fly ash harmless treatment and resource production process and equipment, and relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, wherein the process comprises the steps of adding a heavy metal decrement agent and fly ash into a first stirring tank, adding 60-90 ℃ hot water into the first stirring tank, feeding materials into a second stirring tank after the materials in the first stirring tank are stirred and reacted, adding an alkali remover and 60-90 ℃ hot water into the second stirring tank, feeding the materials into a third stirring tank after the materials in the second stirring tank are stirred and reacted, adding an adhesive stabilizer and water into the third stirring tank for stirring and mixing, and feeding the materials discharged from the third stirring tank into drying equipment for drying and dewatering. The invention can solve the technical problems that the fly ash treatment method in the prior art is simple and extensive, has potential environmental safety hazards, occupies the storage capacity of a landfill site, has low efficiency and large energy consumption, generates a large amount of waste water and waste residues, cannot realize resource utilization and the like, and has the advantages of large-scale continuous treatment and mild reaction conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a fly ash harmless treatment and resource production process and equipment.
Background
For years, the economy of China is rapidly developed, urban construction areas are continuously expanded, a large number of people enter urban life, and the production amount of household garbage is increased year by year. The harmless treatment capacity of the garbage is more than 2 hundred million tons by 2020. The harmless treatment capacity reaches 96 million tons/day, and in the total harmless treatment amount of two hundred million tons, 1.4 million tons of household garbage are treated by burning the garbage, which is the main garbage treatment mode at present. Therefore, the treatment of fly ash generated by garbage incineration becomes an environmental protection technical difficulty under new potential.
The waste incineration fly ash is a substance collected in a heat recycling system and a flue gas purification system after household waste is incinerated. The waste incineration fly ash is not a chemical inert substance, wherein the chloride of Ca, na and K enters salt substances with higher content such as Pb, zn, cr, ni, cu, cd, hg and the like dissolved in water and organic pollutants such as dioxin and the like, and belongs to hazardous waste; if not properly treated, heavy metals will migrate and contaminate groundwater, soil and air. Heavy metals, dioxin and the like in the waste incineration fly ash are difficult to naturally degrade, and the heavy metals in the fly ash can flow into soil and underground water through rainwater soaking, so that the influence on the environment is very serious, and the environmental pollution and the harm to human health are very easily caused by improper treatment.
The yield of the fly ash is related to the type of garbage, incineration conditions, incinerator type and flue gas treatment process, and generally accounts for about 3% -5% of the incineration amount of the garbage. Because urban garbage is continuously generated, a household garbage incineration power plant keeps high-load operation throughout the year, the emission and treatment requirements of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, dioxins, fly ash, peculiar smell gas and the like are increased, and if the pollutants cannot be properly treated, environmental problems and social influences are brought; measures must be taken to promote the synergistic development of the waste incineration treatment capacity and the incineration fly ash harmless treatment technology.
The main treatment methods of the fly ash at present comprise a landfill method, a cement solidification method, a sintering method, a water washing method, a melting method and the like, wherein the crude mode is simple and extensive, the landfill method has potential environmental safety hazards, the fly ash is continuously generated, the storage capacity of a dangerous waste safety landfill site is limited, the water washing method is low in efficiency, the melting method is high in energy consumption, a large amount of waste water or waste residues are generated in the treatment process, and the comprehensive treatment of harmless recycling and reutilization of the fly ash is not realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems that the fly ash treatment method in the prior art is simple and extensive, has potential environmental safety hazards, occupies the storage capacity of a landfill, has low efficiency and large energy consumption, or generates a large amount of waste water and waste residues and cannot be recycled, the invention provides the fly ash harmless treatment and recycling production process and equipment, can realize large-scale continuous treatment, has mild reaction conditions, and is suitable for recycling after the fly ash treatment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a fly ash harmless treatment process comprises the steps of adding a heavy metal reduction agent and fly ash into a first stirring tank, adding hot water at 60-90 ℃ into the first stirring tank to reduce or derive heavy metals in the fly ash into chelate, sending materials into a second stirring tank after the materials in the first stirring tank are stirred and reacted, adding an alkali elimination agent and the hot water at 60-90 ℃ into the second stirring tank to reduce chlorides and fluorides in the fly ash, sending the materials into a third stirring tank after the materials in the second stirring tank are stirred and reacted, adding an adhesion stabilizer and water into the third stirring tank to be stirred and mixed, so that dioxin in the fly ash is adhered to fly ash residue soil, the fly ash residue soil is stable and is not released any more by leaching, and sending the materials discharged from the third stirring tank into a drying device to be dried and dehydrated to obtain treated fly ash.
Optionally, the method further comprises the step of sending gas generated by the first stirring tank, the second stirring tank, the third stirring tank and the drying device into a spray tower, wherein the spray tower contains medicaments such as plant deodorizers; and a small amount of chlorine, hydrogen chloride and ammonia in the waste gas are absorbed by a spraying system and then discharged after reaching standards, and the dried and dehydrated fly ash muck is packaged by ton bags.
Optionally, wherein the heavy metal reducing agent comprises at least one of carbonate, phosphate, calcium oxide and ferrous sulfate, the heavy metal reducing agent further comprises an additive, and the weight of the hot water in the first stirring tank is less than the weight of the added fly ash.
Optionally, the weight ratio of the alkali-eliminating agent to the fly ash in the second agitator tank is 3-8%, the agitation reaction temperature in the second agitator tank is controlled at 60-90 ℃, the weight of the hot water in the second agitator tank is greater than that of the fly ash, and the time for the materials to perform the agitation reaction in the second agitator tank is not less than 15 minutes.
Optionally, wherein the alkali-eliminating agent comprises at least one of acetic acid and tartaric acid, and the alkali-eliminating agent further comprises an additive.
Optionally, the drying device is dried by hot air, the drying temperature is controlled to be 100-300 ℃, gas is deodorized by the spray tower and then is discharged after reaching standards, and oxygen is introduced while the materials in the second stirring tank are stirred and reacted.
The invention also provides fly ash harmless treatment equipment which is applied to the fly ash harmless treatment process and comprises a first stirring tank, a second stirring tank, a third stirring tank and drying equipment which are sequentially connected, wherein the first stirring tank is connected with a feeding hopper through a screw conveyor, the first stirring tank, the second stirring tank and the third stirring tank are respectively connected with a medicament tank, and air outlets of the first stirring tank, the second stirring tank and the third stirring tank are all connected to a spray tower.
Optionally, the drying device is also connected to the spray tower, the drying device is connected to a hot air boiler, the hot air boiler delivers hot air to the drying device, the hot air boiler is connected to the first stirring tank, and the hot air boiler delivers hot water to the first stirring tank.
Optionally, the first stirring tank, the second stirring tank and the third stirring tank are connected through a screw conveyor, and a gas pipeline is connected to the first stirring tank and/or the second stirring tank.
Optionally, the first and/or second mixing tank is provided with a heating unit, and the outlet of the drying apparatus is connected with a ton bag packaging machine.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The fly ash is subjected to harmless treatment by large-scale continuous operation, the equipment automation degree is high, the efficiency is higher, no waste slag is generated basically, the treated fly ash is converted from dangerous waste into environmentally-safe solid waste, the building material environmental protection standard is met, waste is changed into valuable, and the fly ash can be used for manufacturing baking-free bricks, light wall boards, roadbed road building fillers, cement plant raw materials and other resource products;
(2) The innocent treatment of the fly ash is realized by adopting an innovative three-step process, the fly ash after the innocent treatment avoids occupying the storage capacity of a landfill site, the chemical property is more stable, the fly ash also becomes the raw material of other products, multiple purposes are achieved, and the fly ash has high environmental protection benefit and social benefit;
(3) Most heavy metals and dioxin contained in the fly ash are converted into a stable state or degraded, so that the possibility of leakage of harmful substances is greatly reduced, a small amount of possibly remained dioxin is sealed and fixed in the treated fly ash by using an adhesive stabilizer, a three-step process also prepares raw materials for the subsequent resource utilization process, and the moisture-containing solidified fly ash is convenient to process into building materials in various shapes;
(4) The whole set of equipment is connected by adopting closed equipment and pipelines, no volatile matter or particulate matter is discharged in the treatment process, the generated waste gas is leached by a spray tower and is discharged after reaching the standard, and the process is safe, environment-friendly and pollution-free.
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention may be more readily understood, a few preferred embodiments are provided as follows.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fly ash innocent treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. feeding a hopper; 2. an electronic wagon balance; 3. a first medicament canister; 4. a first agitator tank; 5. a second medicament can; 6. a second stirred tank; 7. a third medicament tank; 8. a third stirred tank; 9. a hot water pipe; 10. a drying device; 11. a hot air boiler; 12. a circulation pipe; 13. a ton bag packaging machine; 14. a gas conduit; 15. a spray tower I; 16. and a second spray tower.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, integrally connected, or detachably connected; either mechanically or electrically, or internally communicating two elements; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and a person of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meaning of the terms according to the specific situation.
The embodiment of the invention discloses fly ash harmless treatment equipment, which is applied to a fly ash harmless treatment process, and comprises a first stirring tank, a second stirring tank, a third stirring tank and drying equipment which are sequentially connected, wherein the first stirring tank is connected with a feeding hopper through a spiral conveyor, the feeding hopper is used for containing fly ash to be treated, an electronic wagon balance is arranged below the feeding hopper and used for weighing the feeding hopper so as to control the adding amount of the fly ash, the first stirring tank, the second stirring tank and the third stirring tank are respectively connected with a medicament tank, the medicament tanks can be arranged at a high position and can also be connected with the medicament tanks and the stirring tanks through the spiral conveyor, and powdered medicaments in the medicament tanks can be measured and then discharged into the stirring tanks; the agent tanks are respectively a first agent tank filled with a metal decrement agent, a second agent tank filled with an alkali-eliminating agent and a third agent tank filled with an adhesion stabilizer, and gas outlets of the first stirring tank, the second stirring tank and the third stirring tank are connected to the spray tower through gas pipelines. The spray tower preferably comprises a first spray tower and a second spray tower which are connected in series, and an exhaust port of the second spray tower is connected with a fan and a gas concentration detector. The first spray tower and the second spray tower are both provided with water pumps, industrial water and a plant deodorant are added into the spray towers, the water pumps can convey water dissolved with the plant deodorant to the top of the tower, and the spray towers are also internally provided with fillers, so that gas and water are contacted with each other in the fillers to enhance the purification and absorption of the gas.
The drying equipment can be a rotary dryer, a tunnel dryer and the like, preferably a spiral dryer, if the treated fly ash residue soil needs to be transported outside, an outlet of the drying equipment is connected with a ton bag packaging machine, and the ton bag is used to avoid the material dissipation as much as possible; the drying equipment is provided with a plurality of exhaust ports, the exhaust ports are all connected with the spray tower, and a fan can be arranged between the exhaust ports and the spray tower to promote gas delivery; the drying equipment is connected with a hot air boiler through a circulating pipe, the hot air boiler is used for conveying hot air to the drying equipment through the circulating pipe, the hot air returns to the hot air boiler in the circulating pipe, the hot air boiler can also output hot water at the temperature of 60-90 ℃, the hot air boiler is connected with a first stirring tank, and the hot air boiler is used for conveying the hot water to the first stirring tank. Besides the hot air boiler, a far infrared heating element can be arranged in the drying equipment, and the hot water required by the first stirring tank can come from a solar water heater.
First agitator tank, second agitator tank and third agitator tank are the closed agitator tank, and first agitator tank and second agitator tank are equipped with heating element, and perhaps first agitator tank or second agitator tank are equipped with heating element, and heating element can be the coil pipe of setting on external wall of jar or press from both sides the cover, can control the reaction temperature of first agitator tank and second agitator tank through the temperature sensor who detects jar internal temperature and connect in the governing valve that presss from both sides the cover.
The first stirring tank, the second stirring tank and the third stirring tank are connected through a screw conveyor, discharge ports are formed in the tank bottoms and are connected with the screw conveyor, and materials in the tanks can be automatically discharged through the screw conveyor; the first stirring tank and/or the second stirring tank are/is connected with a gas pipeline which is connected with an oxygen generator, so that stable oxygen input in the tanks can be ensured.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a fly ash harmless treatment process, which adopts the fly ash harmless treatment equipment and comprises the steps of adding a heavy metal reducing agent and fly ash into a first stirring tank, adding 60-90 ℃ hot water into the first stirring tank, feeding the materials into a second stirring tank after the materials in the first stirring tank are stirred and reacted, adding an alkali eliminating agent and 60-90 ℃ hot water into the second stirring tank, feeding the materials into a third stirring tank after the materials in the second stirring tank are stirred and reacted, adding an adhesive stabilizer and water into the third stirring tank for stirring and mixing, and feeding the materials discharged from the third stirring tank into a drying device for drying and dehydrating to obtain treated fly ash muck. The drying equipment adopts hot air for drying, preferably a spiral dryer, the cylinder diameter is 3m, the rotating speed is 5r/min, the drying temperature is controlled to be 100-300 ℃, the processing capacity is 30 cubic meters per hour, and the moisture content of the fly ash residue soil after drying and dehydration is as low as 30 percent; and the gas is subjected to deodorization treatment by a spray tower and then is discharged after reaching the standard, and oxygen is introduced while the material in the second stirring tank is stirred and reacted. The adhesive stabilizer takes an inorganic cementing material as a main material, comprises calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, ferric oxide, quartz sand and the like, and also comprises an additive, so that solid waste can be fixed or contained in a solid base material formed by the inorganic cementing material, the solid base material has chemical stability and sealing property, and the processability of the material in subsequent building material processing is improved.
The fly ash harmless treatment process also comprises the step of sending gas generated by the first stirring tank, the second stirring tank, the third stirring tank and the drying equipment into a spray tower, wherein the spray tower contains a plant deodorant, and the dried and dehydrated fly ash residue soil is packaged by ton bags. The fly ash residue soil packaged by ton bags can be transported to a cement plant to be used as cement filler.
The heavy metal reducing agent comprises at least one of carbonate, phosphate, calcium oxide and ferrous sulfate, the carbonate is preferably calcium carbonate, the heavy metal reducing agent also comprises an additive and silicon dioxide, the main components of the additive comprise aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide, the weight of the hot water in the first stirring tank is less than the weight of the added fly ash, for example, the weight ratio of the water to the fly ash is 0.5, and the stirring reaction is carried out for 40 minutes. The addition of silica can inhibit the volatilization of heavy metals by forming silicate with heavy metal ions, and can also generate HCl and chlorine gas.
The weight ratio of the alkali-eliminating agent to the fly ash in the second stirring tank is 3-8%, preferably 5%, the stirring reaction temperature in the second stirring tank is controlled at 60-90 ℃, the weight of the hot water in the second stirring tank is greater than the weight of the fly ash, for example, the weight ratio of the water to the fly ash is 1.5, the stirring reaction time of the materials in the second stirring tank is not less than 15 minutes, more preferably more than 30 minutes, and the soluble chloride ions can be reduced by more than 90% by taking 4 hours as an example of stirring reaction.
The alkali remover comprises at least one of acetic acid and tartaric acid, and also comprises an additive. The alkali elimination agent and the heavy metal reduction agent are matched to effectively reduce chloride ions and soluble salt substances in the fly ash, organic acid salt which is not easy to dissolve in water and the chloride ions are generated to compete for the heavy metal ions, so that the soluble chloride salt is reduced, and meanwhile, the alkali elimination agent also has the function of regulating the pH value; if the fly ash contains aluminum or aluminum oxide, calcium-aluminum layered double hydroxide can be generated, and chloride ions can be solidified and absorbed by the calcium-aluminum layered double hydroxide; under the condition of introducing enough oxygen into the second stirring tank, partial chloride ions become gas through oxidation reaction and volatilize, so that the chloride ions are further reduced, and the mass content of soluble chloride salt in the fly ash is reduced from 8.14% to 0.21% through test determination.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically and without limitation. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, without departing from the spirit of the invention, the person skilled in the art shall not inventively design the similar structural modes and embodiments to the technical solution, but shall fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The fly ash harmless treatment process is characterized by comprising the steps of adding a heavy metal decrement agent and fly ash into a first stirring tank, adding hot water with the temperature of 60-90 ℃ into the first stirring tank, sending materials into a second stirring tank after the materials in the first stirring tank are stirred and reacted, adding an alkali-eliminating agent and the hot water with the temperature of 60-90 ℃ into the second stirring tank, sending the materials into a third stirring tank after the materials in the second stirring tank are stirred and reacted, adding an adhesion stabilizer and water into the third stirring tank for stirring and mixing, and sending the materials discharged from the third stirring tank into a drying device for drying and dehydrating to obtain treated fly ash residue soil.
2. The fly ash innocent treatment process according to claim 1, further comprising feeding the gas generated by the first stirring tank, the second stirring tank, the third stirring tank and the drying device into a spray tower, wherein the spray tower contains a plant deodorant, and the dried and dehydrated fly ash residue soil is packaged by ton bags.
3. The fly ash innocent treatment process according to claim 2, wherein the heavy metal weight reducing agent comprises at least one of carbonate, phosphate, calcium oxide and ferrous sulfate, the heavy metal weight reducing agent further comprises an additive, and the weight of the hot water in the first agitation tank is less than the weight of the added fly ash.
4. A fly ash harmless treatment process according to claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of the alkali-eliminating agent to the fly ash in the second agitator tank is 3-8%, the agitation reaction temperature in the second agitator tank is controlled at 60-90 ℃, the weight of the hot water in the second agitator tank is greater than that of the fly ash, and the time of the agitation reaction of the materials in the second agitator tank is not less than 15 minutes.
5. A fly ash innocent treatment process according to claim 4, wherein the alkali-eliminating agent comprises at least one of acetic acid and tartaric acid, and the alkali-eliminating agent further comprises an additive.
6. A fly ash innocent treatment process according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the drying equipment adopts hot air for drying, the drying temperature is controlled to be 100-300 ℃, the gas is deodorized by the spray tower and then discharged after reaching the standard, and oxygen is introduced while the materials in the second stirring tank are stirred and reacted.
7. Fly ash innocent treatment equipment is characterized by being applied to the fly ash innocent treatment process of any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprising a first stirring tank, a second stirring tank, a third stirring tank and drying equipment which are sequentially connected, wherein the first stirring tank is connected with a feeding hopper through a screw conveyor, the first stirring tank, the second stirring tank and the third stirring tank are respectively connected with a medicament tank, and gas outlets of the first stirring tank, the second stirring tank and the third stirring tank are all connected to a spray tower.
8. The fly ash innocent treatment apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the drying apparatus is also connected to the spray tower, the drying apparatus is connected to a hot air boiler, the hot air boiler delivers hot air to the drying apparatus, the hot air boiler is connected to the first stirring tank, and the hot air boiler delivers hot water to the first stirring tank.
9. The fly ash innocent treatment apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the first, second and third agitation tanks are connected by a screw conveyor, and a gas pipeline is connected to the first agitation tank and/or the second agitation tank.
10. The fly ash innocent treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the first and/or second agitator tank is provided with a heating unit, and an outlet of the drying apparatus is connected to a ton bag packing machine.
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| CN202410264665.7A CN118162446A (en) | 2022-08-04 | 2022-08-04 | Harmless treatment process for waste incineration fly ash |
| CN202210932877.9A CN115254915B (en) | 2022-08-04 | 2022-08-04 | Harmless treatment and resource production process and equipment for fly ash |
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| CN116637920A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-25 | 山西丽浦创新科技有限公司 | Online intelligent general industrial solid waste attribute denaturation device and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN115254915B (en) | 2024-04-02 |
| CN118162446A (en) | 2024-06-11 |
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