CN115236766A - Ancient temperature scale construction and thermal history recovery method based on authigenic microcrystalline quartz QCI - Google Patents
Ancient temperature scale construction and thermal history recovery method based on authigenic microcrystalline quartz QCI Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
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Abstract
The invention relates to a paleo-temperature scale construction and thermal history recovery method based on autogenous microcrystalline quartz QCI, wherein the paleo-temperature scale construction method utilizes the crystal growth of siliceous minerals, determines the quartz crystallinity index of a sample and the reflectivity of a vitrinite or equivalent vitrinite reflectivity, further defines the correlation between the quartz crystallinity index and the reflectivity of the vitrinite or equivalent vitrinite reflectivity, and finally takes the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the autogenous microcrystalline quartz as a novel paleo-temperature scale. The shale thermal history recovery method adopts the paleo-temperature scale constructed by the paleo-temperature scale construction method to measure paleo-temperature. The ancient temperature scale constructed by the invention can invisibly form a repetitive diagenesis function, gets rid of temperature information superposition interference, makes up for various defects of the ancient temperature scale in the past, and provides a new solution for the thermal history research of the ancient kingdom and the following stratum and the ancient carbonate salt stratum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-gas exploration, relates to a shale oil-gas exploration technology, and particularly relates to a paleothermometer construction method and a shale thermal history recovery method based on a self-generated microcrystalline quartz QCI.
Background
No matter the reservoir is a sea-phase shale gas reservoir, such as a hoof pond group in a Sichuan basin, a pentapeak-Longmaxi group shale, or a lake-phase shale oil reservoir, such as a Qingshan Kou group shale in a Songliao basin, an Eldos basin extension group shale, and a shale layer system of a hole bank group in the Bohai basin and a reed ditch group in a quasi-Quercor basin, a multi-type and multi-type siliceous-organic matter symbiotic phenomenon exists, so that the collaborative evolution of siliceous matters and organic matters inevitably exists, and certain correlation exists between characterization parameters of the two.
Sedimentary basin thermal history is an essential part of basin dynamics and oil and gas exploration research, and recovery methods thereof are divided into two main categories: ancient Wen Biaofa and geokinetic methods. Commonly used ancient temperature scales include organic matter ancient temperature scales and mineral ancient temperature scales. The organic matter ancient temperature scale comprises a vitrinite reflectivity and an equivalent vitrinite reflectivity, namely, a conversion relation is established between other organic matter components (the vitrinite, the asphalt and the penny stone) and the vitrinite reflectivity. However, the conversion relations proposed by different scholars are very different, which results in great difference of the thermal history results. The mineral ancient temperature scale mainly comprises apatite and zircon fission tracks, and apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He.
At present, vitrinite reflectivity is taken as an ancient temperature scale, and is widely accepted by the industry due to irreversibility, temperature sensitivity and complete establishment of a kinetic model. Other ancient temperature scales are also generally used to determine the ancient temperature by correlating with vitrinite reflectance and then using a temperature kinetic model thereof. However, at present, the ancient carbonate rock stratum is lack of vitrinite and apatite and zircon, so that the thermal history research of the ancient carbonate rock stratum is lack of effective ancient temperature scales.
Earlier studies found authigenic microcrystalline quartz that developed multiple causative types, polymorphic forms and distribution characteristics in the lower ancient world and in lower strata and in ancient carbonate formations. Currently, there are few studies exploring the paleo-geothermal field from the perspective of silica. If the change rule of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz along with the evolution of the organic matters can be thoroughly clarified, the research on the interaction mechanism of siliceous-organic matter collaborative evolution of shale can be promoted, the ancient temperature information contained in the authigenic microcrystalline quartz can be explored, the existing ancient temperature scale parameter system can be supplemented, the thermal history of the basin in the period of earthquake denier-ancient times can be disclosed in an auxiliary mode, basic theoretical support is provided for the exploration of the ancient marine stratum natural gas reservoir, and the method has important scientific and practical significance.
The existing ancient temperature scale and temperature measurement method aiming at the ancient world and the following stratum and ancient carbonate rock stratum comprises the following steps:
(1) An organic ancient temperature scale method. In the stratum above the ancient world, the reflectivity of the vitrinite is used, and in the stratum below the ancient world, the reflectivity of the asphalt and the reflectivity of the ruby are generally used for conversion, and the conversion is called as the equivalent reflectivity of the vitrinite. But the biggest problems of this method are: (1) the formation does not necessarily contain asphalt and rubble; (2) the conversion relationships proposed by different scholars are very different, resulting in different thermal history results.
(2) Low temperature chronology parameter method. The process consists mainly of (U-Th)/He and fission traces (apatite, zircon and sphene). The sealing temperatures of different minerals in the method are greatly different, and the formation paleo-temperature can be well measured only by comprehensive application. Generally, the measurement is accurate in the temperature range of 40-250 ℃. However, only apatite fission trace annealing has a mature kinetic model at present, and the fission trace annealing kinetic model of zircon and sphene is not completely established yet.
(3) Carbonate rock cluster isotope method. The method comprises measuring 13 C- 18 Degree of deviation of O abundance from random distribution (T) Δ47 ) Then, by virtue of its empirical formula with temperature, it has the advantage of being unaffected by the fluid environment in which the mineral grows. However, this method is susceptible to diagenesis, for example: recrystallization leads to T Δ47 Reset and no longer reflect the original temperature information.
(4) Other methods. Other ancient temperature scale methods also include: organic matter infrared spectrum, organic matter solid nuclear magnetic resonance sporopollen color, tooth shape Dan Sebian index, rock thermoacoustic emission method and the like. Most of these methods are correlated with vitrinite reflectance and then reconstructed for thermal history.
As can be seen from the above, along with the deep time and depth of oil and gas exploration, at present, an effective ancient temperature scale with wide applicability is not available for determining the temperature experienced by an ancient stratum, a targeted method needs to be established for determining the temperature experienced by the ancient world and the following strata and the ancient carbonate rock stratum, and the heat history research of an oil-gas-bearing basin is assisted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an ancient temperature scale construction method based on a self-generated microcrystalline quartz QCI and a shale thermal history recovery method.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for constructing a paleo-temperature scale based on a self-generated microcrystalline quartz QCI, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, selecting a shale sample, and performing 60-70 DEG/2 theta total rock X-ray diffraction analysis, asphalt reflectivity analysis and vitrinite reflectivity analysis on the shale sample to obtain a quartz crystallinity index QCI, vitrinite reflectivity and equivalent vitrinite reflectivity of the total rock sample;
s2, dividing ranges according to vitrinite reflectivity or equivalent vitrinite reflectivity test data, selecting two samples with the highest quartz crystallinity index QCI and the lowest quartz crystallinity index QCI of the whole rock sample in each range, mixing the two samples in different proportions, carrying out 60-70 degrees/2 theta whole rock X-ray diffraction analysis on the mixed samples, determining the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the mixed sample, and establishing a correlation chart and a calculation model of the percentage content of the sample with the lowest quartz crystallinity index QCI of the whole rock sample and the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the mixed sample;
s3, taking actual shale reservoir sample quartz and other mineral contents as references, knowing the percentage content of each component, adopting artificial low-temperature quartz to simulate authigenic microcrystalline quartz, igneous rock high-purity quartz ore sample to simulate clastic quartz, potash feldspar ore sample to simulate feldspar, and high-purity calcite ore sample to simulate carbonate minerals, bonding each component by using acrylic resin, and preparing an artificial sample;
s4, carrying out high-resolution energy spectrum scanning imaging quantitative analysis under a scanning electron microscope on the artificial sample to determine the quartz content; performing cathodoluminescence analysis on the same vision field to determine the content of the broken quartz and further determine the content of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz;
s5, carrying out 0-45 DEG/2 theta total rock X-ray diffraction analysis on the artificial sample to determine the quartz content; manufacturing a cathodoluminescence thin slice, carrying out cathodoluminescence observation, and determining the content of broken quartz by adopting image processing software so as to determine the content of authigenic microcrystalline quartz;
s6, comparing the content of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz obtained in the steps S4 and S5 with the proportion of artificial low-temperature quartz used in the preparation of artificial samples, and determining which quantitative method is higher in accuracy when the content of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz is calculated;
s7, establishing a correlation chart and a calculation model between the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the mixed sample and the content of authigenic microcrystalline quartz by using the quantitative method with high accuracy determined in the S6 on the premise of determining the contents of clastic quartz and authigenic quartz of two actual samples with the highest and lowest quartz crystallinity indexes QCI of the whole rock samples in the range of each vitrinite reflectivity or equivalent vitrinite reflectivity;
s8, according to the correlation chart and the calculation model established in the step S7, when the content of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz is 100%, the quartz crystallinity index QCI value is the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz under the corresponding vitrinite reflectivity or equivalent vitrinite reflectivity, finally the correlation between the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz and the vitrinite reflectivity or equivalent vitrinite reflectivity is obtained, and then the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz is used as an ancient temperature scale and is used for measuring the temperature of the ancient world and the ancient carbonate rock stratum below the ancient world.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: establishing the correlation between the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the overpressure sample authigenic microcrystalline quartz and the reflectivity of the vitrinite or the reflectivity of the equivalent vitrinite, comparing the difference and the similarity of the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz and the reflectivity of the vitrinite or the reflectivity of the equivalent vitrinite of the overpressure sample and the overpressure sample, and then correcting the overpressure influence of the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz by combining the formation pressure coefficient.
The invention also provides a shale thermal history recovery method, which adopts the ancient temperature scale constructed by the ancient temperature scale construction method based on the quartz crystallinity index, namely the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz, and carries out thermal history recovery by measuring the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) The invention constructs a novel ancient temperature scale based on QCI, namely the quartz crystallinity index QCI of authigenic microcrystalline quartz, because the crystal growth of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz is usually irreversible, the recorded highest temperature can be ignored in the action of repeated diagenetic formation, the superposition interference of temperature information can be avoided, meanwhile, the stratum in each period contains siliceous materials and has high content, and the authigenic microcrystalline quartz is inevitably contained, the ancient temperature scale constructed by the method can be completely free from the limitation of the content of original substances, various defects of the ancient temperature scale in the past are overcome, and a new solution is provided for the heat history research of the ancient boundary and the following strata and ancient carbonate rock strata.
(2) The ancient temperature scale constructed by the ancient temperature scale construction method, namely the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz, is lower than the reflectivity tests of a vitrinite, a rubble and asphalt and is far lower than the tests of (U-Th)/He and fission tracks (apatite, zircon and sphene) due to the very low test cost (including price and test period) of the quartz crystallinity index. In addition, most of the existing carbonate rock cluster isotope method is sent to a foreign laboratory for testing, and compared with the method, the shale thermal history recovery method provided by the invention tests the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz as a ancient temperature standard, so that the cost is low and less.
(3) At about 33 ℃, opal-A begins to convert to Opal-CT, opal-CT crystallizes to form authigenic microcrystalline quartz, namely alpha-quartz, in the early diagenesis stage B, alpha-quartz crystal enters an asymmetric structure state until 573.0 ℃ under one atmosphere and is converted into beta-quartz at 574.3 ℃, the temperature span range is very large, the ancient temperature scale constructed by the method, namely the quartz crystallinity index QCI of authigenic microcrystalline quartz, is used for measuring the ancient temperature, and the temperature can be measured by comprehensively using other various minerals.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a construction method of a paleothermometer based on a self-generated microcrystalline quartz QCI according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the correlation between the percentage of the lowest QCI sample and the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the mixed sample in the same vitrinite reflectance range and a calculation model according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a chart showing the correlation between the content of authigenic microcrystalline quartz and the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the mixed sample within the same vitrinite reflectance range and a calculation model according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a graph showing a correlation between a quartz crystallinity index QCI of the marine phase shale and a reflectivity of an equivalent vitrinite according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.
Vitrinite emissivity is a valid ancient temperature scale, but vitrinite is absent in the ancient world and in following strata and in ancient carbonate salt strata. In addition, bitumen and rubble are not common in subterranean formations. However, the stratum at each stage contains siliceous material and is high in content, and the stratum necessarily contains authigenic quartz. The invention provides a QCI-based ancient temperature scale construction method, which utilizes the crystal growth of siliceous minerals, determines the correlation between a quartz crystallinity index and a vitrinite reflectivity or an equivalent vitrinite reflectivity by measuring the quartz crystallinity index and the vitrinite reflectivity or the equivalent vitrinite reflectivity of a sample, and finally takes the quartz crystallinity index QCI of authigenic microcrystalline quartz as a novel ancient temperature scale. The ancient temperature scale constructed by the method is the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz, and is not limited by the content of the original substances. The ancient temperature scale constructed by the method is based on the crystal growth of siliceous minerals, has irreversibility, records the highest temperature, can disregard the repeated diagenesis, and gets rid of the interference of temperature information superposition caused by the repeated lifting-burying of the stratum. The above-mentioned method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a QCI-based ancient temperature scale construction method, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, selecting a shale sample, and performing 60-70/2 theta total rock X-ray diffraction analysis, asphalt reflectivity analysis and vitrinite reflectivity analysis on the shale sample to obtain a quartz crystallinity index QCI, vitrinite reflectivity and equivalent vitrinite reflectivity of the total rock sample.
S2, dividing ranges according to the test data of the reflectivity of the vitrinite or the equivalent reflectivity of the vitrinite, selecting two samples with the highest Quartz Crystallinity Indexes (QCI) and the lowest Quartz Crystallinity Indexes (QCI) of the whole rock samples in each range, mixing the two samples in different proportions, carrying out 60-70 degrees/2 theta whole rock X-ray diffraction analysis on the mixed samples, determining the QCI values of the quartz crystallinity indexes of the mixed samples, and establishing a correlation chart and a calculation model (see figure 2) of the percentage content of the samples with the lowest Quartz Crystallinity Indexes (QCI) of the whole rock samples and the Quartz Crystallinity Indexes (QCI) of the mixed samples.
It should be noted that, there are 16 samples in the division range, and the number of the samples here can be selected according to actual needs, and is not limited to 16 samples.
And S3, taking the actual shale reservoir sample quartz and other mineral contents as references, knowing the percentage content of each component, adopting artificial low-temperature quartz (namely alpha-quartz) to simulate authigenic microcrystalline quartz, igneous rock high-purity quartz ore sample to simulate clastic quartz, potash feldspar ore sample to simulate feldspar, and high-purity calcite ore sample to simulate carbonate minerals, bonding the components by using acrylic resin, and preparing the artificial sample.
S4, carrying out high-resolution (2 Mum multiplied by 2 Mum) energy spectrum scanning imaging quantitative analysis under a scanning electron microscope on the artificial sample to determine the quartz content; and performing cathodoluminescence analysis on the same visual field of the artificial sample to determine the content of the broken quartz and further determine the content of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz.
S5, carrying out 0-45 DEG/2 theta total rock X-ray diffraction analysis on the artificial sample to determine the quartz content; and (3) manufacturing a cathodoluminescence sheet, carrying out cathodoluminescence observation, and determining the content of the broken quartz by adopting image processing software so as to determine the content of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz. Specifically, the Image processing software employs Image Pro Plus Image processing software.
S6, comparing the content of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz obtained in the steps S4 and S5 with the proportion of artificial low-temperature quartz (namely alpha-quartz) used in the preparation of the artificial sample, and determining which quantitative method has higher accuracy in calculating the content of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz.
S7, establishing a correlation chart and a calculation model between the quartz crystallinity index QCI value and the content of authigenic microcrystalline quartz of the mixed sample (see figure 3) on the premise of determining the contents of clastic quartz and authigenic quartz of two actual samples with the highest and lowest quartz crystallinity indexes QCI of the whole rock samples in each vitrinite reflectivity or equivalent vitrinite reflectivity range by using the quantitative method with high accuracy determined in the step S6.
S8, according to the correlation chart and the calculation model established in the step S7, when the content of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz is 100%, the quartz crystallinity index QCI value is the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz under the corresponding vitrinite reflectivity or equivalent vitrinite reflectivity, finally the correlation between the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz and the vitrinite reflectivity or equivalent vitrinite reflectivity is obtained, and then the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz is used as an ancient temperature scale and is used for measuring the temperature of the ancient world and the ancient carbonate rock stratum below the ancient world.
Since the quartz crystallinity index QCI is influenced by overpressure, in order to eliminate the influence of the overpressure on the quartz crystallinity index QCI, the ancient temperature scale construction method further comprises the following steps: establishing the correlation between the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the overpressure sample authigenic microcrystalline quartz and the reflectivity of the vitrinite or the equivalent vitrinite, comparing the difference and the same points of the correlation between the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz and the reflectivity of the vitrinite or the equivalent vitrinite of the overpressure sample and the overpressure sample, and then correcting the overpressure influence of the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz by combining the formation pressure coefficient.
The correlation between the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz and the reflectivity of the vitrinite and the equivalent vitrinite is verified by a specific experiment as follows.
During the experiment, samples from the Wufeng-Longmaxi group and the Niuhuantang group of the Sichuan basin were used. Wherein, the high-quality shale section of the Wufeng-Longmaxi group corresponds to Wufeng group 2-3 (WF 2-3) and Longmaxi group 1-4 (LM 1-4) chalkstone belt, and the silica is the authigenic quartz of biological origin; most silicious substances in the pennies of 5-9 (LM 5-9) Longmaxi are clastic quartz. The bovine hoof pond group silicon shows the characteristics of different regions and different causes. Therefore, in order to investigate the relationship between the crystallinity index of authigenic microcrystalline quartz and the vitrinite reflectivity in shale reservoirs, the siliceous causes in the samples were first classified by the correlation of siliceous with zirconium element, biological barium, the triangular plate of aluminum-iron-manganese, and the plate of silicon-aluminum element, and then tested to find: QCI and equivalent vitrinite reflectivity (hereinafter referred to as ER) of marine-phase shale of Sichuan basin o ) There is a positive correlation (see FIG. 4) between the samples QCI and ER, whether they are based on clastic quartz, biogenic quartz or mixed-causative quartz o All show good positive correlation and have small difference of slope.
In order to illustrate the advantages of the method of the present invention, the correlation between the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz and the reflectivity of the vitrinite or equivalent vitrinite is obtained by a screening method as a comparison, and the method comprises the following specific steps: selecting a shale sample with the same vitrinite reflectivity or equivalent vitrinite reflectivity value or within the reflectivity range as the shale sample used in the step S2, processing the shale sample to be completely loose, drying the shale sample, and removing broken quartz particles by using a 2500-mesh sieve; and carrying out quartz crystallinity index QCI measurement on the shale sample from which the chipped quartz particles are removed to obtain a quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz, thereby obtaining the correlation between the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz and the reflectivity of the vitrinite or the equivalent vitrinite. It should be noted that, during the determination of the quartz crystallinity index QCI, other substances need to be dissolved away by strong acid, otherwise, the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz may not be detected. Therefore, the quartz crystallinity index QCI measured by a screening method has high danger on one hand, and needs other additional equipment for auxiliary test on the other hand, so that the test cost is high. The method does not need to use strong acid for corrosion, is safe and convenient, does not need other additional equipment for assistance, and has low test cost.
Example 2: the present embodiment provides a shale thermal history recovery method, wherein a paleo-temperature scale constructed by the paleo-temperature scale construction method based on quartz crystallinity index described in embodiment 1, that is, a quartz crystallinity index QCI of authigenic microcrystalline quartz is adopted, and thermal history recovery is performed by measuring a quartz crystallinity index QCI value of authigenic microcrystalline quartz.
In the shale thermal history recovery method, the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz is used as an ancient temperature scale, the ancient temperature scale testing cost is very low, and the ancient temperature scale testing cost is lower than that of vitrinite, chalkbrite and asphalt reflectivity testing and is far lower than that of (U-Th)/He and fission tracks (apatite, zircon and sphene) testing. In addition, most of the existing carbonate rock cluster isotope method is sent to a foreign laboratory for testing, and compared with the method, the shale thermal history recovery method provided by the invention tests the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz as a ancient temperature standard, so that the cost is low and less.
The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate rather than to limit the invention, and any modifications and variations of the present invention are possible within the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A construction method of an ancient temperature scale based on a self-generated microcrystalline quartz QCI is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, selecting a shale sample, and performing 60-70 DEG/2 theta total rock X-ray diffraction analysis, asphalt reflectivity analysis and vitrinite reflectivity analysis on the shale sample to obtain a quartz crystallinity index QCI, a vitrinite reflectivity and an equivalent vitrinite reflectivity of the total rock sample;
s2, dividing ranges according to vitrinite reflectivity or equivalent vitrinite reflectivity test data, selecting two samples with the highest quartz crystallinity index QCI and the lowest quartz crystallinity index QCI of the whole rock sample in each range, mixing the two samples in different proportions, carrying out 60-70 degrees/2 theta whole rock X-ray diffraction analysis on the mixed samples, determining the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the mixed sample, and establishing a correlation chart and a calculation model of the percentage content of the sample with the lowest quartz crystallinity index QCI of the whole rock sample and the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the mixed sample;
s3, taking actual shale reservoir sample quartz and other mineral contents as references, knowing the percentage content of each component, adopting artificial low-temperature quartz to simulate authigenic microcrystalline quartz, igneous rock high-purity quartz ore sample to simulate clastic quartz, potash feldspar ore sample to simulate feldspar, and high-purity calcite ore sample to simulate carbonate minerals, bonding each component by using acrylic resin, and preparing an artificial sample;
s4, carrying out high-resolution energy spectrum scanning imaging quantitative analysis under a scanning electron microscope on the artificial sample to determine the quartz content; performing cathodoluminescence analysis on the same vision field to determine the content of the broken quartz and further determine the content of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz;
s5, carrying out 0-45 DEG/2 theta total rock X-ray diffraction analysis on the artificial sample to determine the quartz content; manufacturing a cathodoluminescence slice, carrying out cathodoluminescence observation, and determining the content of broken quartz by adopting image processing software so as to determine the content of authigenic microcrystalline quartz;
s6, comparing the content of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz obtained in the steps S4 and S5 with the proportion of artificial low-temperature quartz used in the preparation of artificial samples, and determining which quantitative method is higher in accuracy when the content of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz is calculated;
s7, establishing a correlation chart and a calculation model between the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the mixed sample and the content of authigenic microcrystalline quartz on the premise of determining the contents of clastic quartz and authigenic quartz of two actual samples with the highest and lowest quartz crystallinity indexes QCI of the whole rock samples in the range of each vitrinite reflectivity or equivalent vitrinite reflectivity by using the quantitative method with high accuracy determined in the step S6;
s8, according to the correlation chart and the calculation model established in the step S7, the quartz crystallinity index QCI value when the content of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz is 100% is the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz under the corresponding vitrinite reflectivity or the equivalent vitrinite reflectivity, finally, the correlation between the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz and the vitrinite reflectivity or the equivalent vitrinite reflectivity is obtained, and then the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz is used as an ancient temperature scale for measuring the temperatures of the lower ancient world, the lower stratum and the ancient carbonate rock salt stratum.
2. The method for constructing paleo-temperature scale based on authigenic microcrystalline quartz QCI of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: establishing the correlation between the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the overpressure sample authigenic microcrystalline quartz and the reflectivity of the vitrinite or the equivalent vitrinite, comparing the difference and the same points of the correlation between the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz and the reflectivity of the vitrinite or the equivalent vitrinite of the overpressure sample and the overpressure sample, and then correcting the overpressure influence of the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz by combining the formation pressure coefficient.
3. The shale thermal history recovery method is characterized in that the thermal history recovery is carried out by measuring the quartz crystallinity index QCI value of authigenic microcrystalline quartz by adopting the ancient temperature scale constructed by the ancient temperature scale construction method based on the authigenic microcrystalline quartz QCI, namely the quartz crystallinity index QCI of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz according to the ancient temperature scale construction method of the authigenic microcrystalline quartz of any one of claims 1 or 2.
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