CN115236742A - Ice layer acoustic signal pickup device - Google Patents
Ice layer acoustic signal pickup device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115236742A CN115236742A CN202210772138.8A CN202210772138A CN115236742A CN 115236742 A CN115236742 A CN 115236742A CN 202210772138 A CN202210772138 A CN 202210772138A CN 115236742 A CN115236742 A CN 115236742A
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 108010066278 cabin-4 Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/38—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas
- G01V1/3843—Deployment of seismic devices, e.g. of streamers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
- G01V1/186—Hydrophones
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/20—Arrangements of receiving elements, e.g. geophone pattern
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Oceanography (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an ice layer acoustic signal pickup device which comprises a flexible film, an acoustic-solid coupling liquid, a hydrophone, a rigid shell and a data transmission unit. The flexible film has the characteristics of high strength, wear resistance, low temperature resistance and easy deformation; the sound-solid coupling liquid has a low freezing point, and the characteristic impedance of the sound-solid coupling liquid is similar to that of an ice layer; the hydrophone can be a standard sound pressure hydrophone or a vector hydrophone; the rigid shell comprises electronic modules such as an electronic cabin, a battery cabin, a signal processing cabin and the like which are used for self positioning, attitude, signal processing, detection and the like; the data transmission unit can be wired transmission or wireless transmission. The device can be used for acoustic research of an ice region in the center of the polar region, or used as a receiving base station for positioning and communication signals of an under-ice vehicle, and can also be deployed for a long time to monitor underwater non-cooperative targets.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to an ice-based acoustic signal pickup device, and relates to equipment composition and a structure.
Background
The acoustic wave is the only known means for underwater remote detection and communication. This advantage is more pronounced in sea ice regions covered by ice layers having a relatively stable hydrographic environment. However, the covering of the ice layer also poses challenges for the detection of acoustic signals. One of the most troublesome difficulties is how to arrange the sound signal pick-up devices.
The existing ice-region underwater acoustic signal pickup equipment mainly comprises a sonar buoy, an underwater vehicle carrying sonar, a submerged sonar observation system and an ice-based surface layer acceleration pickup system. The ice zone environment is often complex and harsh, with ice layer thicknesses sometimes up to several meters and with the drift of the ice layer with ocean currents. The existing devices all have their own disadvantages and shortcomings when picking up underwater acoustic signals in the central ice region. Firstly, sonar buoys and underwater vehicle carrying sonars can only be arranged through open water areas or artificial ice tunnels, and the sonar buoys and the underwater vehicle carrying sonars are difficult to stay at expected positions of ice area cores and are limited by transportation conditions; the latter needs to adopt manpower or machinery to cut the ice cave, and this mode consumes a large amount of manpower and materials and has very big potential safety hazard. The bottom sonar is a preset system generally, and is inflexible in use position in an ice region and faces the problem that data is difficult to return. The ice-based sensor overcomes the defects of the method and provides a detection means of an underwater sound source in the environment.
The ice-based sensor most widely used at present is a three-component geophone. The solution applies equipment for seafloor geological exploration directly or with appropriate modifications to detect surface vibration acceleration on ice layers. Conventional sonde deployment is typically done using manual ice-based placement. According to the invention, a hot melting method is adopted to melt the seawater around the detector, and tight coupling is ensured after freezing. However, it is difficult to ensure that the pick-up device freezes vertically on the ice layer due to wind blowing and ice layer movement. Recently, in order to solve the problem of difficulty in arranging an acceleration sensor, a patent of "an ice-based underwater sound source detection device and a detection method thereof" designs a detection device which can be used for aerial delivery and describes a detection process. The basic principle of the above devices is to detect the physical quantity of the surface acceleration of the ice layer. However, the underwater acoustic communication and positioning frequency band is often characterized by high frequency and large bandwidth relative to seismic waves, and for example, the frequency range of 1kHz to 20kHz is often used for the underwater acoustic communication. For such a wide bandwidth, it is more complicated and costly to design a detector with the same detection capability. Furthermore, in this frequency band, acoustic pressure based hydrophones are superior in sensitivity to acceleration based geophones. Finally, geophones are poorly coupled and are difficult to operate quickly using standardized tools when actually deployed in ice zones, thereby increasing deployment time and cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides convenient ice-based underwater acoustic signal pickup equipment which is high in sensitivity and can be standardized based on acoustic-solid coupling, and aims to solve the problems that conventional underwater acoustic signal pickup equipment is inflexible in deployment, information is difficult to return through an ice layer, and an existing ice-based detector is low in detection sensitivity, low in deployment reliability and high in deployment cost of communication signals. The device can be used for acoustic research of an ice region in the center of the polar region, or used as a receiving base station for positioning and communication signals of an under-ice vehicle, and can also be deployed for a long time to monitor underwater non-cooperative targets.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the acoustic-solid coupling microphone comprises a rigid shell, a hydrophone arranged in the middle of the lower end of the rigid shell, an electronic cabin, a battery cabin, a signal processing cabin and a data transmission unit, wherein the electronic cabin, the battery cabin and the signal processing cabin are sequentially arranged in the rigid shell, the data transmission unit is arranged at the upper end of the rigid shell, a membrane body structure is further arranged at the lower end of the rigid shell, and acoustic-solid coupling liquid is arranged in the membrane body structure.
Further, the elastic wave in the ice layer is coupled with the sound-solid coupling liquid into a pressure wave through the membrane body structure; the hydrophone receives pressure waves conducted by the acoustic-solid coupling liquid; the electronic cabin filters, amplifies and detects the sound signals received by the hydrophones; the signal processing cabin analyzes, communicates and packages signals processed by the electronic cabin; and the data transmission unit transmits the processing result of the signal processing cabin.
Further, the membrane body structure is in threaded sealing connection with the lower end of the rigid shell.
Furthermore, the membrane body structure is a flexible membrane, the flexible membrane is fixed between the outer bottom rubber ring and the rigid shell in a threaded compression mode, and the joint is sealed through sealant.
Furthermore, the hydrophone is a standard sound pressure hydrophone or a vector hydrophone.
Furthermore, the sound-solid coupling liquid is an antifreezing solution which takes ethylene glycol or propylene glycol as a base liquid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. this technique adopts the ice-based mode to pick up the ice sheet acoustic signal of fluid-structure interaction, and in the practical application in central ice district, compare in sonar buoy, sunken bottom sonar, have not restricted by the transport capacity, dispose nimble, easily form array advantage.
2. Compared with a method for detecting underwater acoustic signals by using an underwater vehicle in an ice region, the method has the advantages of long monitoring time, large-area networking coverage and timely information return.
3. Compared with the traditional wave detector based on the acceleration physical quantity, the technology picks up the fluid-solid coupled pressure wave, and has the advantages of high sensitivity and low cost in the frequency band of underwater acoustic communication and positioning.
4. The bottom of the device is loaded with sound-solid coupling liquid by a flexible film, and the shape of the device can be changed at will along with the distribution position under the action of the sound-solid coupling liquid, so that the device can be quickly and well coupled with an ice layer.
5. The fluid-solid coupling liquid of the equipment selects low freezing point liquid with similar characteristic impedance to the ice layer, so that on one hand, the good conversion efficiency of elastic waves to pressure waves is ensured, and on the other hand, the equipment can adapt to low-temperature working environment.
6. The horizontal section (such as shape and diameter) of the equipment is matched with standard ice layer punching equipment, on one hand, standardized rapid operation can be carried out, and on the other hand, the posture of the equipment is ensured.
7. Because the attitude of the equipment is controllable, the hydrophone can be a standard sound pressure hydrophone or a vector hydrophone, and additional signal processing gain is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principal structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a perspective view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: with reference to fig. 1-2, the present invention includes a rigid housing, a hydrophone disposed at the middle position of the lower end of the rigid housing, an electronic cabin, a battery cabin and a signal processing cabin sequentially disposed in the rigid housing, and a data transmission unit disposed at the upper end of the rigid housing, wherein the lower end of the rigid housing is further provided with a membrane structure, and a sound-solid coupling liquid is disposed in the membrane structure.
Example two: on the basis of the first embodiment, the membrane body structure is in threaded sealing connection with the lower end of the rigid shell.
Example three: on the basis of the above embodiment, the membrane body structure is a flexible membrane, the flexible membrane is fixed between the outer bottom rubber ring and the rigid shell in a threaded compression mode, and the joint is sealed by using a sealant.
As shown in fig. 1, when the membrane body structure is a flexible membrane, the invention is composed of a flexible membrane 1, an acoustic-solid coupling liquid 2, a hydrophone 3, an electronic cabin 4, a battery cabin 5, a signal processing cabin 6, a data transmission unit 7 and a rigid shell 8. The flexible film 1 plays a role of bearing sound-solid coupling liquid, has the characteristics of high strength, wear resistance, low temperature resistance and easy deformation, and can change the shape to realize close fit with an ice layer, for example, thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) is used as a processing material of the flexible film; the flexible membrane 1 can be fixed between the outer bottom rubber ring and the rigid shell 8 by using a thread compression mode, and then the joint is sealed by using a sealant so as to prevent liquid leakage. The acoustic-solid coupling liquid has a low freezing point, the characteristic impedance of the acoustic-solid coupling liquid is close to that of an ice layer, the acoustic-solid coupling liquid 2 couples the elastic waves of the ice layer into pressure waves, the freezing point of the acoustic-solid coupling liquid is low so as to ensure that the pressure waves are not solidified in a low-temperature environment, meanwhile, the acoustic-solid coupling liquid has good impedance matching with the ice layer, and the acoustic-solid coupling liquid can be an anti-freezing liquid which takes ethylene glycol or propylene glycol as a base liquid. The hydrophone 3 receives acoustic signals propagating through the acoustic coupling fluid 2 and has a high sensitivity and a good frequency response, being either a sonic or a vector hydrophone. The rigid shell comprises electronic modules such as an electronic cabin, a battery cabin, a signal processing cabin and the like which are used for self positioning, attitude, signal processing, detection and the like; the data transmission unit can be wired transmission or wireless transmission. The electronic cabin 4 processes the acoustic signals received by the hydrophone 3 and includes signal preprocessing modules such as filters and signal amplifiers therein. The battery compartment 5 provides electrical power for the device. The signal processing cabin 6 comprises an instrument for correcting self attitude, a satellite positioning module, a signal demodulation, analysis, communication processing module and the like, and further detects and analyzes the preprocessed signals. The data transmission unit 7 forms the signal processing result of the device into an array in a wired or wireless mode, or transmits the signal processing result to a data center. The hydrophone 3 is arranged at the bottom of the rigid shell 8, and the electronic cabin 4, the battery cabin 5 and the signal processing cabin 6 are arranged inside the rigid shell.
Further, the rigid shell can be designed according to standard drilling equipment on ice, so that the stability of equipment arrangement is guaranteed.
Further, the high strength flexible membrane should have sufficient volume to ensure adequate acoustic-solid coupling fluid filling of the hydrophone and the ice layer.
The working background of the device is as follows:
(1) Drilling ice holes on an ice surface by using a hole drilling device with the standard diameter of 25 cm;
(2) Starting the equipment, and putting one end with sound-solid coupling liquid into the ice cave;
(3) Since the flexible membrane 1 is used as the carrier of the acoustic-solid coupling liquid 2, the acoustic-solid coupling liquid 2 of the device is in close contact with the ice layer.
The specific workflow of the equipment is as follows:
(1) The elastic wave in the ice layer is coupled with the sound-solid coupling liquid 2 into pressure wave through the flexible membrane 1;
(2) The hydrophone 3 receives pressure waves conducted by the acoustic-solid coupling liquid 2;
(3) The electronic cabin 4 filters, amplifies and detects the acoustic signals received by the hydrophone 3;
(4) The signal processing cabin 6 analyzes, communicates and packages the signals processed by the electronic cabin 4;
(5) And the data transmission unit transmits the processing result of the signal processing cabin 6.
Claims (8)
1. An ice layer acoustic signal pickup apparatus, characterized in that: the acoustic sensor comprises a rigid shell, a hydrophone arranged in the middle of the lower end of the rigid shell, an electronic cabin, a battery cabin, a signal processing cabin and a data transmission unit, wherein the electronic cabin, the battery cabin and the signal processing cabin are sequentially arranged in the rigid shell, the data transmission unit is arranged at the upper end of the rigid shell, a membrane body structure is further arranged at the lower end of the rigid shell, and acoustic-solid coupling liquid is arranged in the membrane body structure.
2. An ice layer acoustic signal pickup apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the elastic wave in the ice layer is coupled with the sound-solid coupling liquid into pressure wave through the membrane body structure; the hydrophone receives pressure waves conducted by the acoustic-solid coupling liquid; the electronic cabin filters, amplifies and detects the sound signals received by the hydrophones; the signal processing cabin analyzes, communicates and packages signals processed by the electronic cabin; and the data transmission unit transmits the processing result of the signal processing cabin.
3. An ice layer acoustic signal pickup apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the membrane body structure is connected with the lower end of the rigid shell in a threaded sealing manner.
4. An ice layer acoustic signal pickup apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the membrane body structure is a flexible membrane, the flexible membrane is fixed between the outer bottom rubber ring and the rigid shell in a threaded compression mode, and the joint is sealed through sealant.
5. An ice layer acoustic signal pickup apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the membrane body structure is a flexible membrane, the flexible membrane is fixed between the outer bottom rubber ring and the rigid shell in a threaded compression mode, and the joint is sealed by using sealant.
6. An ice layer acoustic signal pickup apparatus according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: the hydrophone is a standard sound pressure hydrophone or a vector hydrophone.
7. An ice layer acoustic signal pickup apparatus according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: the sound-solid coupling liquid is an antifreezing solution taking ethylene glycol or propylene glycol as a base liquid.
8. An ice layer acoustic signal pickup apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the sound-solid coupling liquid is an antifreezing solution taking ethylene glycol or propylene glycol as a base liquid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210772138.8A CN115236742A (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2022-06-30 | Ice layer acoustic signal pickup device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210772138.8A CN115236742A (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2022-06-30 | Ice layer acoustic signal pickup device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115236742A true CN115236742A (en) | 2022-10-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210772138.8A Pending CN115236742A (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2022-06-30 | Ice layer acoustic signal pickup device |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1256304A (en) * | 1968-02-14 | 1971-12-08 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Device for seismic prospecting on land |
| CN1363047A (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2002-08-07 | 法兰西气体公司 | Device for receiving seismic waves and method for coupling them with solid environment, such as soil layer |
| CN102667527A (en) * | 2009-10-05 | 2012-09-12 | 格库技术有限公司 | Sensor assembly having a seismic sensor and a divergence sensor |
| CN107202632A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-26 | 中国船舶科学研究中心（中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所） | Vector sensor unit for underwater surveillance net |
| CN112099019A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-12-18 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Underwater sound vector detection device |
| CN113899443A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Miniaturized portable polymorphic vector hydrophone that carries on |
| CN114044113A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-15 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Shallow sea communication navigation detection integrated submerged buoy device |
-
2022
- 2022-06-30 CN CN202210772138.8A patent/CN115236742A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1256304A (en) * | 1968-02-14 | 1971-12-08 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Device for seismic prospecting on land |
| CN1363047A (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2002-08-07 | 法兰西气体公司 | Device for receiving seismic waves and method for coupling them with solid environment, such as soil layer |
| CN102667527A (en) * | 2009-10-05 | 2012-09-12 | 格库技术有限公司 | Sensor assembly having a seismic sensor and a divergence sensor |
| CN107202632A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-26 | 中国船舶科学研究中心（中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所） | Vector sensor unit for underwater surveillance net |
| CN112099019A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-12-18 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Underwater sound vector detection device |
| CN113899443A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Miniaturized portable polymorphic vector hydrophone that carries on |
| CN114044113A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-15 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Shallow sea communication navigation detection integrated submerged buoy device |
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Application publication date: 20221025 |
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