CN115235141B - Efficient defrosting heat pump type small air conditioner - Google Patents
Efficient defrosting heat pump type small air conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN115235141B CN115235141B CN202210825144.5A CN202210825144A CN115235141B CN 115235141 B CN115235141 B CN 115235141B CN 202210825144 A CN202210825144 A CN 202210825144A CN 115235141 B CN115235141 B CN 115235141B
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- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 48
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
- F24F1/14—Heat exchangers specially adapted for separate outdoor units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
- F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
- F25B47/025—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting by reversing the cycle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat pump type small air conditioner capable of efficiently defrosting, which comprises a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger and a throttling element, wherein the outdoor heat exchanger comprises six heat exchange tube groups, namely a first heat exchange tube group, a third heat exchange tube group and a fifth heat exchange tube group which are connected in parallel to form a first main inlet and a second main inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger; the second heat exchange tube group, the fourth heat exchange tube group and the sixth heat exchange tube group are respectively connected in parallel to the first main inlet and outlet A and the second main inlet and outlet B through control valves, and are also respectively connected in parallel to the collecting pipe C and the collecting pipe D through control valves; the collecting pipe C is connected to a pipeline between the outlet of the compressor and the first port of the four-way switching valve; the collecting pipe D is connected to a pipeline between the inlet and outlet I of the indoor heat exchanger and the throttling element; the invention is suitable for small-sized air conditioners, has quick defrosting, low energy consumption and uninterrupted hot air output, can normally operate at ultralow temperature by only one common compressor, does not need an auxiliary heat source, and can also generate high-temperature hot air or high-temperature hot water.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a thermal device, and more particularly, to an air conditioner that performs cooling and heating by using air energy.
Background
The prior art heat pump type air conditioner often frosts in autumn and winter and adopts an electric heater defrosting method and a reverse operation defrosting method. The electric heater defrosting method has long defrosting time, large energy consumption and less application. The reverse defrosting method is characterized in that the four-way valve is used for reversing and converting the defrosting method into a refrigerating mode, and the user side absorbs heat from a heating heat source at the user side for defrosting, so that the room temperature at the user side is reduced or cold air is blown indoors; after defrosting is finished, the machine is stopped for protection for a few minutes to restore to a heating mode, so that the compressor is frequently started and stopped, and the heating temperature fluctuation and the energy efficiency reduction are caused for heating operation; the heat pump type air conditioner in the prior art cannot normally operate in an ultralow temperature environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat pump type small air conditioner capable of efficiently defrosting, which aims at the field of small air conditioners, and can overcome the defects of the prior art, so that defrosting time is short, energy consumption is low, hot air output is uninterrupted, indoor temperature is not reduced during defrosting, and the heat pump type small air conditioner can normally operate under ultralow temperature environment without any auxiliary energy.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: the utility model provides a heat pump type small-size air conditioner of high-efficient defrosting, package compressor, outdoor heat exchanger, indoor heat exchanger and throttling element, its characterized in that: the outlet of the compressor is connected with a four-way switching valve, and the four-way switching valve comprises four interfaces, namely an interface I, an interface II, an interface III and an interface IV; when in operation, the four-way switching valve has two working states, and when in heating operation, the first interface is communicated with the second interface, and the third interface is communicated with the fourth interface; during refrigeration operation, the first interface of the four-way switching valve is communicated with the fourth interface, and the second interface is communicated with the third interface;
the outdoor heat exchanger comprises six heat exchange tube groups, and each heat exchange tube group is formed by connecting a plurality of heat exchange tubes in series; starting from one side edge, the first heat exchange tube group, the third heat exchange tube group and the fifth heat exchange tube group are connected in parallel to form a first main inlet and outlet and a second main inlet and outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger;
one end of the heat exchange tube group II is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the first main inlet and outlet A through a control valve, the other path is connected to the collecting pipe C through a control valve III, the other end of the heat exchange tube group II is also divided into two paths, one path is connected to the second main inlet and outlet B through a control valve II, and the other path is connected to the collecting pipe D through a control valve IV;
one end of the heat exchange tube group IV is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the first main inlet and outlet A through the control valve V, the other path is connected to the collecting pipe C through the control valve V, the other end of the heat exchange tube group IV is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the second main inlet and outlet B through the control valve V, and the other path is connected to the collecting pipe D through the control valve V;
one end of the heat exchange tube group six is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the first main inlet and outlet A through the control valve nine, the other path is connected to the collecting pipe C through the control valve eleven, the other end of the heat exchange tube group six is also divided into two paths, one path is connected to the second main inlet and outlet B through the control valve eleven, and the other path is connected to the collecting pipe D through the control valve twelve;
the first inlet and outlet A of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the fourth inlet and outlet B of the four-way switching valve, and the second inlet and outlet B of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to the first inlet and outlet of the indoor heat exchanger through a throttling element;
the collecting pipe C is connected to a pipeline between the outlet of the compressor and the first interface; the collecting pipe D is connected to a pipeline between the inlet and outlet I of the indoor heat exchanger and the throttling element;
the first heat exchange tube group and the second heat exchange tube group are provided with shared heat exchange fins; the third heat exchange tube group and the fourth heat exchange tube group are provided with shared heat exchange fins; the heat exchange tube group five and the heat exchange tube group six are provided with shared heat exchange fins. By dividing the six heat exchange tube components into three areas, respectively and independently arranging the common heat exchange fins, when the fins in any one area generate heat to defrost, the other areas still keep normal low-temperature absorption of air energy due to the independent arrangement of the fins.
Further, a flow control valve is arranged on a pipeline connected between the outlet of the compressor and the first port of the four-way switching valve or on a pipeline connected between the inlet and the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger and the throttling element of the collecting pipe D; the proper opening of the flow control valve can enable the flow of the high-temperature refrigerant shunted by the shunt to be proper when in defrosting operation or heating operation, so that the energy efficiency ratio COP value of the system operation can be optimized.
Further, the heat pump type small air conditioner for efficient defrosting further comprises a water tank heat exchanger, an inlet and an outlet of the water tank heat exchanger are divided into two paths, one path is connected with an interface II of the four-way switching valve through a control valve fifteen, the other path is connected with an interface IV of the four-way switching valve through a control valve nineteenth, the inlet and the outlet of the water tank heat exchanger are divided into two paths, one path is connected to a pipeline between the indoor heat exchanger and the throttling element through a control valve sixteen, the other path is connected to a three-way interface E through a control valve fourteen, the three-way interface E is arranged on a pipeline between a total inlet and outlet B of the outdoor heat exchanger and the throttling element, and the three-way interface E is connected with a control valve seventeen in series on a pipeline connected with the total inlet and outlet B of the outdoor heat exchanger; a control valve eighteen is arranged in any one of the two pipelines of the second inlet and outlet of the indoor heat exchanger and the first inlet and outlet of the indoor heat exchanger which are connected outwards. The scheme can realize that hot water can be generated during both cooling operation and heating operation, widens the application range of the air conditioning device, and especially doubles the hot water generated during cooling operation compared with the hot water generated during heating operation.
The beneficial effects of the invention are that:
1) The defrosting is rapid, the energy consumption is low, the output of hot air is uninterrupted during the defrosting, and the indoor temperature does not obviously fluctuate during heating. Or the process of heating the hot water in the water tank is uninterrupted during defrosting operation, the temperature of the output hot water does not obviously fluctuate, and the heating by using the hot water or the heating of materials is not adversely affected.
2) The heat-increasing operation function is realized, and only one common compressor is adopted to realize the production of hot air or hot water with higher temperature for drying and the like at low cost, and the normal operation can be realized without an auxiliary heat source under the ultralow temperature environment.
3) The indoor cooling and hot water generating system can cool indoor in refrigeration operation, and the COP value of the system can reach more than 8, and the water energy ratio of the hot water generating system is doubled compared with that of the pure heating operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a first construction of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a second construction of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a third construction of the present invention.
In the figure, a compressor 1, an indoor heat exchanger 2, a throttling element 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, a heat exchange fin 5, a water tank heat exchanger 6, an interface a, an interface b, an interface C, an interface D, a heat exchange tube group 101, a heat exchange tube group 102, a heat exchange tube group 103, a heat exchange tube group 104, a heat exchange tube group 105, a heat exchange tube group five, a heat exchange tube group 106, an F1 control valve one, an F2 control valve two, an F3 control valve three, an F4 control valve four, an F5 flow control valve, an F6 control valve six, an F7 control valve seven, an F8 control valve eight, an F9 control valve nine, an F10 control valve ten, an F11 control valve eleven, an F12 control valve twelve, an F13 flow control valve, an F14 control valve fourteen, an F15 control valve fifteen, an F16 control valve sixteen, an F17 control valve seventeen, an F18 control valve eighteen, an F19 control valve nineteenth, a manifold C, a manifold D and an E three-way interface.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the heat pump type small air conditioner for efficient defrosting comprises a compressor 1, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, an indoor heat exchanger 2 and a throttling element 3, wherein an outlet of the compressor 1 is connected with a four-way switching valve, and the four-way switching valve comprises four interfaces, namely an interface A, an interface B, an interface C and an interface D; when in operation, the four-way switching valve has two working states, and when in heating operation, the interface A of the four-way switching valve is communicated with the interface B, and the interface three is communicated with the interface four d; during refrigerating operation, the first port a of the four-way switching valve is communicated with the fourth port d, and the second port b is communicated with the third port c.
The outdoor heat exchanger 4 comprises six heat exchange tube groups, and each heat exchange tube group is formed by connecting a plurality of heat exchange tubes in series; and from one side edge, the first heat exchange tube group 101, the third heat exchange tube group 103 and the fifth heat exchange tube group 105 are connected in parallel to form a first main inlet and a second main inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger.
One end of the heat exchange tube group II 102 is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the first main inlet and outlet A through the first control valve F1, the other path is connected to the collecting pipe C through the third control valve F3, the other end of the heat exchange tube group II 102 is also divided into two paths, one path is connected to the second main inlet and outlet B through the second control valve F2, and the other path is connected to the collecting pipe D through the fourth control valve F4.
One end of the heat exchange tube group IV 104 is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the first main inlet and outlet A through the control valve F5, the other path is connected to the collecting pipe C through the control valve F7, the other end of the heat exchange tube group IV 104 is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the second main inlet and outlet B through the control valve F6, and the other path is connected to the collecting pipe D through the control valve F8.
One end of the heat exchange tube group six 106 is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the first main inlet and outlet through a control valve nine F9, the other path is connected to the collecting pipe C through a control valve eleven F11, the other end of the heat exchange tube group six 106 is also divided into two paths, one path is connected to the second main inlet and outlet B through a control valve eleven F10, and the other path is connected to the collecting pipe D through a control valve twelve F12.
The interface B is connected with the inlet and outlet B of the indoor heat exchanger 2, the main inlet and outlet A of the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is connected with the interface D of the four-way switching valve, and the main inlet and outlet B of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to a connecting pipeline of the indoor heat exchanger 2 and the throttling element 3;
the collecting pipe C is connected to a pipeline between the outlet of the compressor 1 and the port A of the four-way switching valve; the collecting pipe D is connected to a pipe between the inlet and outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 2 and the throttle element 3.
The first heat exchange tube group 101 and the second heat exchange tube group 102 are provided with shared heat exchange fins; the third heat exchange tube group 103 and the fourth heat exchange tube group 104 are provided with shared heat exchange fins; the heat exchange tube group five 105 and the heat exchange tube group six 106 are provided with common heat exchange fins.
In operation, the device has the following three working modes.
1. Conventional refrigeration operation
At this time, the first port a and the fourth port d of the four-way switching valve in fig. 1 are connected, and the second port b and the third port c are connected; the method comprises the steps of opening a first control valve F1, a second control valve F2, a fifth control valve F5, a sixth control valve F6, a ninth control valve F9 and a tenth control valve F10, closing a third control valve F3, a fourth control valve F4, a seventh control valve F7, an eighth control valve F8, an eleventh control valve F11 and a twelfth control valve F12, connecting a second heat exchange tube group 102, a fourth heat exchange tube group 104 and a sixth heat exchange tube group 106 with a first total inlet and a second total inlet and outlet of an outdoor heat exchanger in parallel, compressing a refrigerant by the compressor 1, radiating heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 4 through a first interface and a fourth interface of a four-way switching valve in sequence, throttling and reducing the pressure of the refrigerant through a throttling element 3 after the refrigerant is condensed, evaporating and absorbing heat in the indoor heat exchanger 2, reducing the indoor temperature, achieving the indoor refrigerating effect, and then sequentially entering the compressor 1 through a second interface B and a third interface of the four-way switching valve to be compressed and discharged again, and completing a working cycle. Whether the flow control valve F13 is opened or not has no influence on the normal cooling operation.
2. Conventional heating operation
At this time, the first port a and the second port b of the four-way switching valve in fig. 1 are connected, and the third port c and the fourth port d are connected; the method comprises the steps of opening a first control valve F1, a second control valve F2, a fifth control valve F5, a sixth control valve F6, a ninth control valve F9 and a tenth control valve F10, closing a third control valve F3, a fourth control valve F4, a seventh control valve F7, an eighth control valve F8, an eleventh control valve F11 and a twelfth control valve F12, connecting a second heat exchange tube group 102, a fourth heat exchange tube group 104 and a sixth heat exchange tube group 106 with a first main inlet and a second main inlet and outlet of an outdoor heat exchanger in parallel, compressing a refrigerant by the compressor 1, radiating heat in the indoor heat exchanger 2 through a first interface and a second interface of a four-way conversion valve sequentially to improve the indoor temperature, throttling and reducing the pressure of the refrigerant through a throttling element 3 after the refrigerant is condensed, evaporating and absorbing heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 4, absorbing heat energy of air, and then sequentially entering the compressor 1 through a fourth interface and a third interface of the four-way conversion valve to be compressed and discharged again to complete a working cycle. Whether the flow control valve F13 is opened or not has no influence on the normal cooling operation.
3. Defrosting operation
When the outdoor heat exchanger 4 frosts, the state of the four-way switching valve in the conventional heating operation is kept unchanged as shown in fig. 1, namely, the interface A and the interface B of the four-way switching valve are communicated, and the interface three c and the interface four d are communicated. The defrosting is started from the second heat exchange tube group 102 in turn, the flow control valve F13 keeps proper opening degree to be normally opened and never closed, the first control valve F1 and the second control valve F2 are closed, and the third control valve F3 and the fourth control valve F4 are opened; opening a control valve five F5, a control valve six F6, a control valve nine F9 and a control valve ten F10, closing a control valve seven F7, a control valve eight F8, a control valve eleven F11 and a control valve twelve F12, separating only a heat exchange tube group two 102 from the outdoor heat exchanger 4 in six heat exchange tube groups in the outdoor heat exchanger 4, enabling a part of high-temperature gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor 1 to flow through the heat exchange tube group two 102 through a control valve three F3, and then flowing to a pipeline between the indoor heat exchanger 2 and a throttling element through a control valve four F4 and a flow control valve F13 to be combined with the refrigerant after heat release and condensation of the indoor heat exchanger 2; the high temperature gaseous refrigerant flowing through heat exchange tube bank two 102 will cause it to melt and remove frost from the heat exchange fins shared with heat exchange tube bank one 101. The defrosting turns into a heat exchange tube group IV 104; closing a control valve five F5, a control valve six F6, and opening a control valve seven F7 and a control valve eight F8; opening a first control valve F1, a second control valve F2, a ninth control valve F9 and a tenth control valve F10, closing a third control valve F3, a fourth control valve F4, an eleventh control valve F11 and a twelfth control valve F12, wherein only a fourth heat exchange tube group 104 in six heat exchange tube groups in the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is separated from the outdoor heat exchanger 4, and part of high-temperature gaseous refrigerant at an outlet of the compressor 1 flows through the fourth heat exchange tube group 104 through a seventh control valve F7, flows onto a pipeline between the indoor heat exchanger 2 and the throttling element through an eighth control valve F8 and a flow control valve F13, and is converged with the refrigerant after heat release and condensation of the indoor heat exchanger 2; the high temperature gaseous refrigerant flowing through heat exchange tube bank four 104 will cause it to melt and remove frost from the heat exchange fins shared with heat exchange tube bank three 103. The defrosting turns into a heat exchange tube group six 106; closing the control valve nine F9 and the control valve ten F10, and opening the control valve eleven F11 and the control valve twelve F12; opening a first control valve F1, a second control valve F2, a fifth control valve F5 and a sixth control valve F6, closing a third control valve F3, a fourth control valve F4, a seventh control valve F7 and an eighth control valve F8, wherein only a sixth heat exchange tube group 106 in six heat exchange tube groups in the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is separated from the outdoor heat exchanger 4, and part of high-temperature gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor 1 flows through the sixth heat exchange tube group 106 through an eleventh control valve F11, flows onto a pipeline between the indoor heat exchanger 2 and the throttling element 3 through a twelfth control valve F12 and a flow control valve F13 and is converged with the refrigerant after heat release and condensation of the indoor heat exchanger 2; the high temperature gaseous refrigerant flowing through heat exchange tube bank six 106 will cause it to melt and remove frost on the heat exchange fins shared with heat exchange tube bank five 105. And after the alternate defrosting operation is finished, the conventional heating operation mode is restored.
When defrosting is performed in turn, the heat energy of air is absorbed at low temperature by the heat exchange fins of four heat exchange tube groups in the six heat exchange tube groups of the outdoor heat exchanger, the heat energy which is not used up when any one heat exchange tube group produces the defrosting is absorbed by the refrigerant in the adjacent heat exchange tube group rapidly through the shared heat exchange fins, and the indoor heat exchanger 2 which has the function of a condenser still can maintain the output heat energy in a short time without interruption due to rapid defrosting and has no obvious fluctuation of the temperature of the output hot air.
4. The heating and heating operation is similar to the defrosting operation mode in fig. 1, and is a special defrosting operation, and the special defrosting operation is performed for a long time in a circulating and reciprocating mode. The alternate defrosting is actually that the heat increment is started from the second heat exchange tube group 102; firstly, closing a first control valve F1, a second control valve F2, and opening a third control valve F3 and a fourth control valve F4; opening a control valve five F5, a control valve six F6, a control valve nine F9 and a control valve ten F10, closing a control valve seven F7, a control valve eight F8, a control valve eleven F11 and a control valve twelve F12, separating only a heat exchange tube group two 102 from the outdoor heat exchanger 4 in six heat exchange tube groups in the outdoor heat exchanger 4, enabling a part of high-temperature gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor 1 to flow through the heat exchange tube group two 102 through a control valve three F3, and then flowing to a pipeline between the indoor heat exchanger 2 and a throttling element through a control valve four F4 and a flow control valve F13 to be combined with the refrigerant after heat release and condensation of the indoor heat exchanger 2; the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant flowing through the heat exchange tube group two 102 is rapidly conducted to the refrigerant in the heat exchange tube group one 101 by utilizing the common heat exchange fins, the refrigerant in the heat exchange tube group one 101 obtains a large amount of phase change heat, so that the temperature of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is greatly increased after being mixed, the temperature of the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 is obviously increased compared with the temperature in the conventional heating operation, and therefore, the temperature of the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 is obviously increased compared with the temperature in the conventional heating operation, namely the heat increasing effect. The heat is increased in turn and then converted into a heat exchange tube group IV 104; closing a control valve five F5, a control valve six F6, and opening a control valve seven F7 and a control valve eight F8; opening a first control valve F1, a second control valve F2, a ninth control valve F9 and a tenth control valve F10, closing a third control valve F3, a fourth control valve F4, an eleventh control valve F11 and a twelfth control valve F12, wherein only a fourth heat exchange tube group 104 in six heat exchange tube groups in the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is separated from the outdoor heat exchanger 4, and part of high-temperature gaseous refrigerant at an outlet of the compressor 1 flows through the fourth heat exchange tube group 104 through a seventh control valve F7, flows onto a pipeline between the indoor heat exchanger 2 and the throttling element through an eighth control valve F8 and a flow control valve F13, and is converged with the refrigerant after heat release and condensation of the indoor heat exchanger 2; the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant flowing through the heat exchange tube group IV 104 is rapidly conducted to the refrigerant in the heat exchange tube group III 103 by utilizing the common heat exchange fins, the refrigerant in the heat exchange tube group III 103 obtains a large amount of phase change heat, the temperature of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is greatly increased after being mixed, the temperature of the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 is obviously increased compared with the temperature in the conventional heating operation, and therefore, the temperature of the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 is obviously increased compared with the temperature in the conventional heating operation, which is the heat increasing effect. The heat is increased in turn and then converted into a heat exchange tube group six 106; closing the control valve nine F9 and the control valve ten F10, and opening the control valve eleven F11 and the control valve twelve F12; opening a first control valve F1, a second control valve F2, a fifth control valve F5 and a sixth control valve F6, closing a third control valve F3, a fourth control valve F4, a seventh control valve F7 and an eighth control valve F8, wherein only a sixth heat exchange tube group 106 in six heat exchange tube groups in the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is separated from the outdoor heat exchanger 4, and part of high-temperature gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor 1 flows through the sixth heat exchange tube group 106 through an eleventh control valve F11, flows onto a pipeline between the indoor heat exchanger 2 and the throttling element through a twelfth control valve F12 and a flow control valve F13 and is converged with the refrigerant after heat release and condensation of the indoor heat exchanger 2; the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant flowing through the heat exchange tube group six 106 is rapidly conducted to the refrigerant in the heat exchange tube group five 105 by utilizing the common heat exchange fins, the refrigerant in the heat exchange tube group five 105 obtains a large amount of phase change heat, the temperature of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is greatly increased after being mixed, the temperature of the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 is obviously increased compared with the temperature in the conventional heating operation, and therefore, the temperature of the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 is obviously increased compared with the temperature in the conventional heating operation, and the temperature is the heat increasing effect.
The heat increasing operation is to alternately heat the second heat exchange tube group 102, the fourth heat exchange tube group 104 and the sixth heat exchange tube group 106, and also can alternately heat the second heat exchange tube group 102 and the fourth heat exchange tube group 104, and then alternately heat the fourth heat exchange tube group 104 and the sixth heat exchange tube group 106, and further alternately heat the sixth heat exchange tube group 106 and the second heat exchange tube group 102, so that the circulation is carried out for a long time, the heat increasing intensity of the two heat exchange tube groups at each time is higher than that of the heat increasing intensity of the heat exchange tube group at each time, and the equipment can adapt to the normal operation requirements of different ultralow temperature environment temperatures, or the requirements of outputting different high-temperature hot air.
Example 2 is shown in fig. 2 and 3.
The heat pump type small air conditioner for efficient defrosting is characterized by further comprising a water tank heat exchanger 6, wherein an inlet and an outlet of the water tank heat exchanger 6 are divided into two paths, one path is connected with an interface B of a four-way switching valve through a control valve fifteen F15, the other path is connected with an interface D of the four-way switching valve through a control valve nineteen F19, an inlet and an outlet of the water tank heat exchanger 6 are divided into two paths, one path is connected to a pipeline between the indoor heat exchanger 2 and the throttling element 3 through a control valve sixteen F16, the other path is connected to a three-way interface E through a control valve fourteen F14, the three-way interface E is arranged on a pipeline between a total inlet and outlet B of the outdoor heat exchanger 4 and the throttling element 3, and the pipeline connecting the three-way interface E and the total inlet and outlet B of the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is also connected with a control valve seventeen F17 in series; a control valve eighteen F18 is arranged in any one of the two pipelines of the second inlet and outlet of the indoor heat exchanger and the first inlet and outlet of the indoor heat exchanger which are connected outwards.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a conventional heating operation, a heating defrosting operation, and a heating and heating operation. The point different from example 1 is the following three points.
(1) The conventional heating operation produces hot water, the control valve eighteen F18 and the control valve fourteen F14 are closed, the control valve fifteen F15, the control valve sixteen F16 and the control valve seventeen F17 are opened, the interface A and the interface B of the four-way switching valve are communicated, and the interface three c and the interface four d are communicated; at this time, the indoor heat exchanger is closed, and the water tank heat exchanger is opened. The method comprises the steps of opening a first control valve F1, a second control valve F2, a fifth control valve F5, a sixth control valve F6, a ninth control valve F9 and a tenth control valve F10, closing a third control valve F3, a fourth control valve F4, a seventh control valve F7, an eighth control valve F8, an eleventh control valve F11 and a twelfth control valve F12, connecting a second heat exchange tube group 102, a fourth heat exchange tube group 104 and a sixth heat exchange tube group 106 with a first main inlet and a second main inlet of an outdoor heat exchanger in parallel, compressing a refrigerant by the compressor 1, enabling the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to flow through a first four-way switching valve interface, a second interface and a fifteen control valve F15 to dissipate heat to improve the temperature of water in a water tank through the heat exchanger 6, condensing the refrigerant, sequentially reducing the pressure through a sixteen control valve F16 and a throttling element 3, evaporating and absorbing heat energy of air through the seventeen control valves F17 into the outdoor heat exchanger 4, and then sequentially entering the compressor 1 through a fourth four-way switching valve interface and a third interface to be compressed and discharged again, so as to complete a working cycle. Whether the flow control valve F13 is opened or not has no influence on the normal cooling operation.
(2) Heating and defrosting operation, closing a control valve eighteen F18 and a control valve fourteen F14, opening a control valve fifteen F15, a control valve sixteen F16 and a control valve seventeen F17, and connecting a first port and a second port of the four-way switching valve, and connecting a third port and a fourth port; at this time, the indoor heat exchanger is closed, and the water tank heat exchanger is opened. The sequential defrosting is started from the second heat exchange tube group 102, then is converted into the fourth heat exchange tube group 104, and finally is converted into the sixth heat exchange tube group 106, which are the same as the text related to the embodiment 1, and the description is omitted.
(3) Heating and heating operation, closing a control valve eighteen F18 and a control valve fourteen F14, opening a control valve fifteen F15, a control valve sixteen F16 and a control valve seventeen F17, and connecting a first port and a second port of the four-way switching valve, and connecting a third port and a fourth port; at this time, the indoor heat exchanger is closed, and the water tank heat exchanger is opened. The heat increment is first started from the second heat exchange tube set 102, then is converted into the second heat exchange tube set 104, and finally is converted into the sixth heat exchange tube set 106, which is the same as the text related to embodiment 1, and the description is omitted. The heating operation can make the water tank generate hot water with a slightly higher temperature than the conventional heating operation.
The heat increasing operation is to alternately heat the second heat exchange tube group 102, the fourth heat exchange tube group 104 and the sixth heat exchange tube group 106, and also can alternately heat the second heat exchange tube group 102 and the fourth heat exchange tube group 104 simultaneously, and then alternately heat the fourth heat exchange tube group 104 and the sixth heat exchange tube group 106 simultaneously, and then alternately heat the sixth heat exchange tube group 106 and the second heat exchange tube group 102 simultaneously, so that the cycle is performed for a long time, the heat increasing intensity of the two heat exchange tube groups simultaneously is higher than that of the heat increasing intensity of the heat increasing of one heat exchange tube group at a time, and the water tank generates hot water with higher temperature. The water tank heat exchanger can also be adapted to the requirements of different ultralow temperature environment temperatures for normally discharging hot water.
Because the heat increasing operation has multiple gears, the flow control valve F13 can be replaced by a plurality of control valves, and the optimal opening value can be respectively adjusted, and the automatic control instrument can automatically control the opening and closing of the flow control valve F, so that the systems with different operation modes can operate with the optimal energy efficiency ratio.
Fig. 3 is an operation state diagram of hot water production during a cooling operation.
Closing a control valve seventeen F17, a control valve fifteen F15, a control valve sixteen F16, a control valve one F1, a control valve seven F7 and a control valve eleven F11, opening a control valve fourteen F14, a control valve nineteen F19 and a control valve eighteen F18, and connecting an interface one a and an interface four d of the four-way switching valve, and connecting an interface three c and an interface two b; at this time, the indoor heat exchanger 2 plays a role of an evaporator to absorb air heat energy from the indoor to reduce the indoor temperature, the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 2 absorbs heat and then sequentially enters the compressor 1 through the interface two b and the interface three c of the four-way conversion valve, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor 1 sequentially enters the water in the water tank heat exchanger heating water tank through the interface one, the interface four d and the control valve nineteen F19 of the four-way conversion valve, the refrigerant is cooled to be in a liquid state or a gas-liquid mixed state, and the refrigerant is throttled by the throttle element 3 through the control valve fourteen F14 and then returns to the indoor heat exchanger through the control valve eighteen F18 to complete a cycle. In the heat exchange cycle, the indoor heat exchanger plays a role of an evaporator to cool the room, the water tank heat exchanger plays a role of a condenser to generate hot water, and the operation mode is compared with the operation mode of simply absorbing the atmospheric heat energy from the outdoor heat exchanger to heat the water or the operation mode of simply absorbing the atmospheric heat energy from the room to cool the air from the outdoor heat exchanger to the outside, so that the energy efficiency ratio can be doubled, and the COP value of the system can reach 8 to 9 or even higher.
The present invention can be used for manufacturing a three-purpose machine for refrigerating, heating and producing hot water.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and in some cases, there are also needs to add a gas-liquid separator, a liquid storage tank, etc. in the patent implementation, the throttle elements in the prior art are also various, and the drawings are too complicated to be exhaustive in various cases, and these are not all innovation points, and are not fully expressed in the patent drawings. Based on the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, a person skilled in the art can make certain substitutions and modifications to certain technical features without creative labor according to the technical content disclosed by the invention, and the substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a heat pump type small-size air conditioner of high-efficient defrosting, package compressor, outdoor heat exchanger, indoor heat exchanger and throttling element, its characterized in that: the outlet of the compressor is connected with a four-way switching valve, and the four-way switching valve comprises four interfaces, namely an interface I, an interface II, an interface III and an interface IV; when in operation, the four-way switching valve has two working states, and when in heating operation, the first interface is communicated with the second interface, and the third interface is communicated with the fourth interface; during refrigeration operation, the first interface of the four-way switching valve is communicated with the fourth interface, and the second interface is communicated with the third interface;
the outdoor heat exchanger comprises six heat exchange tube groups, and each heat exchange tube group is formed by connecting a plurality of heat exchange tubes in series; starting from one side edge, the first heat exchange tube group, the third heat exchange tube group and the fifth heat exchange tube group are connected in parallel to form a first main inlet and outlet and a second main inlet and outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger;
one end of the heat exchange tube group II is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the first main inlet and outlet A through a control valve, the other path is connected to the collecting pipe C through a control valve III, the other end of the heat exchange tube group II is also divided into two paths, one path is connected to the second main inlet and outlet B through a control valve II, and the other path is connected to the collecting pipe D through a control valve IV;
one end of the heat exchange tube group IV is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the first main inlet and outlet A through the control valve V, the other path is connected to the collecting pipe C through the control valve V, the other end of the heat exchange tube group IV is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the second main inlet and outlet B through the control valve V, and the other path is connected to the collecting pipe D through the control valve V;
one end of the heat exchange tube group six is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the first main inlet and outlet A through the control valve nine, the other path is connected to the collecting pipe C through the control valve eleven, the other end of the heat exchange tube group six is also divided into two paths, one path is connected to the second main inlet and outlet B through the control valve eleven, and the other path is connected to the collecting pipe D through the control valve twelve;
the first inlet and outlet A of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the fourth inlet and outlet B of the four-way switching valve, and the second inlet and outlet B of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to the first inlet and outlet of the indoor heat exchanger through a throttling element;
the collecting pipe C is connected to a pipeline between the outlet of the compressor and the first interface; the collecting pipe D is connected to a pipeline between the inlet and outlet I of the indoor heat exchanger and the throttling element;
the first heat exchange tube group and the second heat exchange tube group are provided with shared heat exchange fins; the third heat exchange tube group and the fourth heat exchange tube group are provided with shared heat exchange fins; the heat exchange tube group five and the heat exchange tube group six are provided with shared heat exchange fins.
2. The efficient frosting heat pump type small-sized air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: a flow control valve is provided in the line connecting the manifold C to the compressor outlet and the first port, or in the line connecting the manifold D to the first port of the indoor heat exchanger and the throttling element.
3. The efficient frosting heat pump type small-sized air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the water tank heat exchanger is characterized by further comprising a water tank heat exchanger, wherein an inlet and an outlet of the water tank heat exchanger are divided into two paths, one path is connected with a second port of the four-way switching valve through a control valve fifteen, and the other path is connected with a fourth port of the four-way switching valve through a control valve nineteenth; the inlet and outlet of the water tank heat exchanger are divided into two paths, one path is connected to a pipeline between the indoor heat exchanger and the throttling element through a control valve sixteen, the other path is connected to a three-way interface E through a control valve fourteen, the three-way interface E is arranged on a pipeline between the total inlet and outlet B of the outdoor heat exchanger and the throttling element, and the pipeline connected with the total inlet and outlet B of the outdoor heat exchanger is also connected with a control valve seventeen in series; a control valve eighteen is arranged in any one of the two pipelines of the second inlet and outlet of the indoor heat exchanger and the first inlet and outlet of the indoor heat exchanger which are connected outwards.
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