CN115233473A - Screen printing preparation method of patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric with scintillation effect - Google Patents
Screen printing preparation method of patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric with scintillation effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN115233473A CN115233473A CN202210817916.0A CN202210817916A CN115233473A CN 115233473 A CN115233473 A CN 115233473A CN 202210817916 A CN202210817916 A CN 202210817916A CN 115233473 A CN115233473 A CN 115233473A
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- fabric
- printing
- screen
- screen printing
- photonic crystal
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
- D06P1/67383—Inorganic compounds containing silicon
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/20—Physical treatments affecting dyeing, e.g. ultrasonic or electric
- D06P5/2066—Thermic treatments of textile materials
- D06P5/2077—Thermic treatments of textile materials after dyeing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a screen printing preparation method of a patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric with a scintillation effect, belonging to the technical field of printing and dyeing. The method comprises the following steps: s1, preparing nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing structure color generation; s2, performing hydrophobic modification on the surface of the screen; s3, scraping and printing a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping and printing a special high molecular polymer on the surface of the fabric by using a screen printing method, heating and curing to form a film, and obtaining the fabric with a transparent pattern of a special high molecular layer on the surface; s4, pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and performing positioning screen printing on the surface of the fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern obtained in the S3; s5, heating the fabric subjected to screen printing to complete the assembly of the nano microspheres, the activation and migration of the interface molecules of the high molecular layer and the stable solidification of the photonic crystals, so as to obtain the patterned photonic crystal structure chromogenic fabric with the scintillation effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a color-generating fabric with a photonic crystal structure, in particular to a screen printing preparation method of a patterned color-generating fabric with a photonic crystal structure and a flicker effect, and belongs to the technical field of printing and dyeing.
Background
The Photonic Crystal (PC) is a crystal material formed by arranging two or more media with different dielectric constants in a space according to a certain period, and the photonic crystal has been widely used in various fields such as textile materials, optical devices, display devices, anti-counterfeiting marks and the like because of unique optical adjustability imparted by its own structure. The patterned coloring of the textile is an important means for improving the added value of textile products and meeting the individual aesthetic requirements, and the patterned photonic crystal has great development prospect in the textile printing and dyeing industry due to the unique pattern display with high saturation, high brightness and iridescence effect, so that the application of the photonic crystal to the patterned coloring field of the textile has important significance.
The current patterned photonic crystal preparation technology comprises a mask technology, a digital jet printing technology, a screen printing technology and the like. The mask plate technology is limited by a template and is difficult to industrially prepare; the digital jet printing technology is not mature at present, and the problem of nozzle blockage of the nano microsphere emulsion is easy to occur in the jet printing process, so that the subsequent jet printing work is influenced. The screen printing technology is developed more mature in the field of conventional textile printing, and the printing principle is as follows: the printing paste passes through the pattern meshes of the printing plate under the action of the scraper and is printed on the printed fabric to form patterns. The screen printing technology has great industrialization prospect due to simple operation, low cost and flexible preparation. If the screen printing technology can be applied to the patterning preparation of the photonic crystal, the development of the color generation technology of the photonic crystal structure in the field of textile printing and dyeing is undoubtedly facilitated.
Zhou et al (Zhou C, qi Y, zhang S, et al, rapid decoration of visual non-decorative structural colors on fabrics with robust structural stability by printing [ J ]. Dyes and Pigments,2020, 176 108226.) Polyacrylate (PA) aqueous binder, carbon black and polystyrene microspheres were formulated into a printing paste, and a non-iridescent colored pattern was printed on a self-colored polyester fabric by means of screen printing. Due to the bonding effect of PA, the prepared photonic crystal has stronger structural stability and the outline of the structural color pattern is clearer. The research work proves that the screen printing technology has the possibility of preparing patterned photonic crystals, but the regular assembly of the nano microspheres is greatly influenced by PA macromolecules (accounting for 8wt% of the nano microspheres) in the printing paste, the printed pattern effect is similar to the wide viewing angle of dye, the saturation and brightness of the structural color are low, and the unique iridescence effect of the structural color is avoided. It is known that dye/pigment pastes used in conventional screen printing generally require a relatively high viscosity in order to print a pattern with good definition, and therefore thickeners for viscosity control are essential in conventional printing paste systems. However, for the colloidal microsphere self-assembly system, the addition of the conventional thickening agent can block the free movement of the nano microsphere in the assembly process although the system has the necessary printing viscosity, so that the short-range order-long-range order photonic crystal is formed by assembly, and the presented structural color loses the characteristic iridescent effect. Therefore, in response to the demand of screen printing method for preparing patterned photonic crystals, it is necessary to find a suitable thickener which increases the viscosity of the system and simultaneously reduces the interference on the ordered arrangement and assembly of the nano microspheres as much as possible, thereby reducing the influence on the structural color saturation and brightness and iridescence effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a screen printing preparation method of a patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric with a scintillation effect, which can flexibly and quickly print a photonic crystal structure color-generating pattern with a scintillation effect and high structural stability on the fabric.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a screen printing preparation method of a patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric with a scintillation effect comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing structure color generation
The nano microsphere printing paste is prepared by mixing the following components in percentage by weight:
40-55% of nano-microspheres,
1.5 to 2.5 percent of synthetic thickening agent,
0.04 to 0.2 percent of melanin,
2 to 8 percent of film cracking preventing agent,
the balance of water;
the nano-microsphere is selected from organic high-molecular polymer polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nano-microsphere, polystyrene (PS) nano-microsphere, poly (styrene-methyl methacrylate) (P (St-MMA)), poly (styrene-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (P (St-HEA)), poly (styrene-methacrylic acid) (P (St-MAA)) polystyrene @ polydopamine (PS @ PDA), polystyrene @ silicon dioxide (PS @ SiO) 2 ) Or inorganic Silica (SiO) 2 ) Any one of the nano-microspheres;
s2, hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: spraying or coating a hydrophobic modifier on the surface of the screen, and heating to obtain a printing screen with strong hydrophobicity;
s3, scraping and printing a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping and printing the special high molecular polymer on the surface of the fabric by a screen printing method, wherein the scraping and printing amount is 10-20 g/square meter (dry weight), and heating and curing to form a film to obtain the fabric with the transparent pattern of the special high molecular layer on the surface;
the special high molecular polymer is a soft segment hard segment copolymerization polyurethane high molecular polymer or a soft segment hard segment copolymerization polyacrylic acid high molecular polymer;
s4, pouring the nano microsphere printing paste prepared in the S1 onto a screen, and performing positioning screen printing on the surface of the fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern obtained in the S3;
s5, heating the fabric subjected to screen printing to complete the assembly of the nano microspheres, the activation and migration of the interface molecules of the high molecular layer and the stable solidification of the photonic crystals, so as to obtain the colored fabric with the patterned photonic crystal structure.
The nano-microspheres are commercially available products and can be purchased.
Preferably, in S2, after the screen is sprayed or coated with a hydrophobic modifier and the surface residues are removed, the screen is heated and treated for 1-2min at the temperature of 140-150 ℃ to obtain the printing screen with strong hydrophobicity.
Preferably, the synthetic thickener is a polyacrylic acid synthetic thickener with high salt resistance. The salt tolerance requirement can be met by selecting a high-quality synthetic thickener commonly used in the field for pigment printing or a synthetic thickener for polyurethane coating.
Preferably, the diameter of the nano microsphere is 150-350 nm, the sphericity is good, and the monodispersion index is less than 0.08.
Preferably, the heat treatment conditions in the step S5 are: the temperature is 50-70 deg.C, humidity is 50-70%, and the time is 3-60min.
Preferably, the fabric is selected from cotton fabric, polyester fabric, real silk fabric, polyester-cotton blended fabric or polyester-polyurethane blended fabric.
Preferably, the hard segment of the soft segment and hard segment copolymerization type polyurethane high molecular polymer is one of toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate; the soft segment is a long carbon chain soft substance with crystallization performance, the length of a carbon chain in a repeating unit is more than 4C, and the soft segment is selected from one of poly adipic acid-1,4 butanediol ester, poly adipic acid 1,6 hexanediol ester and poly-1,6-hexamethylene-carbonate;
the soft segment hard segment copolymerization type polyacrylic acid high molecular polymer has the hard segment selected from one of methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate or methyl acrylate, the soft segment is a long straight chain monomer with more than 4C, and the soft segment is selected from one of butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate and isooctyl acrylate.
Preferably, the melanin is one or a mixture of more of carbon black and water-soluble melanin.
Preferably, the film cracking inhibitor is one or a mixture of several of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate or ethylene oxide adduct of polypropylene glycol.
Preferably, in S1, all components of the nano microsphere printing paste are mixed and then are stirred magnetically for 10min at the speed of 20r/S to be mixed uniformly; the hydrophobic modifier in S2 is any one of a polyurethane release agent, a fluorine-containing water repellent finishing agent or a silicon-containing water repellent finishing agent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the synthetic thickener in the printing paste designed and prepared by the invention has high salt resistance stability and high thickening capability, and the nano microsphere dispersion can reach the viscosity required by printing and has obvious shear thinning performance by adding the synthetic thickener with ultralow content. Because the synthetic thickener accounts for a small amount in the printing paste, the interference on the assembly of the nano microspheres is greatly reduced. The micro-arrangement structure of the assembled photonic crystal is a short-range order-long-range quasi-order structure. The color-generating pattern of the photonic crystal structure can exhibit a special visual effect of "glittering" and has a certain angular dependence, i.e., an iridescent effect.
2. The invention uses high-concentration nano microsphere dispersion liquid as a printing paste main body, which is beneficial to the rapid assembly of nano microspheres into an ordered photonic crystal structure on the surface of a fabric, and can form regionalized ordered arrangement even if the addition of a synthetic thickener interferes the assembly of the microspheres to a certain degree, and can increase the stacking layers of the prepared photonic crystal ordered structure, thereby enhancing the intensity of Bragg diffraction light and interference light on the surface of the photonic crystal, enhancing the brightness and saturation of the structural color of the photonic crystal, and enabling the structural color pattern to generate a special flickering visual effect;
3. the special polymer layer constructed on the surface of the fabric can generate interface activation and interface molecule migration in the assembling process and generate secondary curing in the photonic crystal, so that a ligament effect is played between the structural unit nano microspheres of the photonic crystal, the bearing capacity of the photonic crystal structure to external force (friction, bending, washing and the like) is improved, the stability of the photonic crystal structure is obviously improved, the difference of refractive indexes in the photonic crystal can be reserved, the structural color with higher brightness is presented, and the consistency of high stability and high saturation of the chromogenic fabric with the photonic crystal structure is realized. The conventional method for improving the stability of the patterned photonic crystal structure is to add a high molecular adhesive into the printing paste, so that the stability of the photonic crystal structure is improved, and simultaneously, the assembly of the photonic crystal structure element nano microspheres is interfered, so that the vividness (saturation) and brightness of the structural color are influenced, and the iridescence effect of the structural color is also seriously influenced.
4. The nano microsphere printing paste provides printing raw materials for preparing patterned photonic crystals by using a screen printing technology, and multicolor patterns on a textile substrate can be realized by adjusting the particle size of the nano microspheres and a multi-step screen printing process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a viscosity curve (a) and a rheology curve (b) of a printing paste of example 1 with the addition of a synthetic thickener;
FIG. 2 is an optical micrograph of a patterned photonic crystal prepared by screen printing of example 2;
FIG. 3 is an SEM picture of a patterned photonic crystal prepared by screen printing of example 3;
FIG. 4 is a reflectance curve for a patterned photonic crystal prepared by screen printing of example 4;
FIG. 5 is a digital photograph of a block and line pattern of photonic crystals prepared by screen printing of example 4;
FIG. 6 is a digital photograph of a color-developing pattern of a photonic crystal structure prepared in example 5, wherein a is a sample pattern photographed when an angle of observation is 0 DEG from a normal line, b is a sample pattern photographed when an angle of observation is 45 DEG from a normal line, and c is a sample pattern photographed when an angle of observation is 75 DEG from a normal line;
FIG. 7 is an optical microscope photograph of a patterned photonic crystal structure color-producing fabric prepared in example 6 after being bent;
FIG. 8 is a soap washed reflectance curve of a colored fabric of patterned photonic crystal structure prepared in example 5;
FIG. 9 is a color digital photograph of the "three ponds reflexing moon" picture (a) and the "flowers" picture (b) prepared in example 7;
FIG. 10 is a patterned photonic crystal prepared by screen printing with a small amount of synthetic thickener added to the print paste of comparative example 1;
FIG. 11 is a patterned photonic crystal prepared by screen printing with an excess of synthetic thickener added to the print paste of comparative example 2;
FIG. 12 is a digital photograph of the 34wt% nanosphere dispersion of comparative example 3 after being used as a screen printing paste;
FIG. 13 is a patterned photonic crystal prepared by screen printing with sodium alginate added to the printing paste of comparative example 4;
FIG. 14 shows the addition of gas phase SiO to the printing paste of comparative example 5 2 Printing the prepared patterned photonic crystals by using a screen;
FIG. 15 is a patterned photonic crystal prepared by screen printing with CMC added to the print paste of comparative example 6;
FIG. 16 is a patterned photonic crystal prepared by screen printing with the addition of synthetic thickener 313C to the print paste of comparative example 7;
FIG. 17 is a patterned photonic crystal prepared by screen printing with the addition of PU40 to the printing paste of comparative example 8;
FIG. 18 is a digital photograph of a photonic crystal pattern prepared without hydrophobic modification of the surface of the mesh of comparative example 9;
fig. 19 is a structural stability test of a photonic crystal pattern prepared without scratching a high molecular polymer pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric of comparative example 10.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below by way of specific examples. It is to be understood that the practice of the invention is not limited to the following examples, and that any variations and/or modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention.
In the present invention, all parts and percentages are by weight, unless otherwise specified, and the equipment and materials used are commercially available or commonly used in the art. The methods in the following examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The reagent sources in the following examples:
thickening agent: pigment printing thickener, zhejiang chemical Co., ltd; synthetic thickener-612 NC, sannopovco, japan; (some are listed, but not limited to the above products).
Colloidal nanoparticle dispersion liquid, self-made in laboratories, taking the preparation method of the PS nanoparticle as an example: 1000g of deionized water, 450g of styrene (St) were charged into a 3000mL four-necked round-bottomed flask with mechanical stirring and condensation, followed by 0.75g of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) with a stirring speed of 350rpm, and 1.05g of potassium persulfate was dissolved in 50mL of deionized water and added to the four-necked flask when the temperature was raised to 85 ℃. The whole reaction system is carried out in the nitrogen atmosphere for 4-5h. The 30wt% nanoparticle dispersion liquid synthesized above was further evaporated by a rotary evaporator. Filtering the obtained dispersion liquid by using a 200-mesh nylon net to finally obtain the nano microsphere dispersion liquid with the concentration of 40-55 wt%.
Special high molecular polymer, model P1907, model P3904, model P3902s, etc., zhejiang provincial chemical Co., ltd; model PUE1650, model PUE-2013, model PUE1401, etc., shanghai seishi polymer materials ltd (list section, but not limited to the above products).
The special high molecular polymer in the invention refers to a large-area preparation method of the high-stability high-saturation photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric in China CN 114164661A.
Example 1
A screen printing preparation method of a patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric with a scintillation effect comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing the nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing. The printing paste comprises the following components: 40% of PS nanospheres (particle size 310 nm), 0.04% of carbon black, 2% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, 2.5% of synthetic thickener, and the balance of water. Mixing the above materials at the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix them uniformly;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: spraying a polyurethane release agent on the screen and removing surface residues, and then heating for 1min at 140 ℃ to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping special high molecular polymer (P1907) on the surface of the cotton fabric by a screen printing method, heating and curing to form a film to obtain a fabric with a transparent pattern of a special high molecular layer on the surface, wherein the coating amount is 10 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the cotton fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern by using a positioning screen;
(5) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 50 ℃ and the humidity of 50% for treating for 60min to complete the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of the polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure, so as to obtain the colored fabric with the patterned photonic crystal structure.
Example 2
A screen printing preparation method of a patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric with a scintillation effect comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing the nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing. The printing paste comprises the following components: 42% PMMA microspheres (particle size 256 nm), 0.06% carbon black, 4% polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, 2.2% synthetic thickener, and balance water. Mixing according to the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix uniformly;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: coating a fluorine-containing water repellent finishing agent on the screen, removing surface residues, and heating at 140 ℃ for 2min to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping and printing a special high molecular polymer (P3904) on the surface of the polyester fabric by using a screen printing method, heating and curing to form a film to obtain the fabric with the transparent pattern of the special high molecular layer on the surface, wherein the coating amount is 12 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the polyester fabric with the special polymer layer transparent pattern by using a positioning screen;
(5) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 50 ℃ and the humidity of 60% for processing for 45min, and completing the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of the polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure to obtain the patterned photonic crystal structure chromogenic fabric.
Example 3
A screen printing preparation method of a patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric with a scintillation effect comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing the nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing. The printing paste comprises the following components: 45% of PS @ PDA microspheres (particle size 205 nm), 0.02% of water-soluble melanin, 5% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 2.0% of synthetic thickener and the balance of water. Mixing according to the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix uniformly;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: coating a silicon-containing water repellent finishing agent on the screen, removing surface residues, and heating at 150 ℃ for 1min to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping special high molecular polymer (P3902 s) on the surface of the polyester/polyurethane blended fabric by a screen printing method, heating and curing to form a film, so as to obtain the fabric with a transparent pattern of a special high molecular layer on the surface, wherein the coating amount is 15 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the polyester-polyurethane blended fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern by using a positioning screen;
(5) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of 60% for processing for 30min, and completing the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of a polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure to obtain the patterned photonic crystal structure chromogenic fabric.
Example 4
A screen printing preparation method of a patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric with a scintillation effect comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing the nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing. The printing paste comprises the following components: 48% of PS @ SiO 2 Microspheres (particle size 232 nm), 0.10% of carbon black, 6% of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate, 2.0% of synthetic thickener and the balance of water. Mixing according to the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix uniformly;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: spraying a polyurethane release agent on the screen, removing surface residues, and heating at 150 ℃ for 1min to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping special high molecular polymer (PUE 1650) on the surface of real silk fabric by screen printing method, heating and curing to form film to obtain fabric with transparent pattern of special high molecular layer on the surface, the coating amount is 15 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the real silk fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern by using a positioning screen;
(5) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of 70% for treating for 25min, and completing the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of a polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure to obtain the patterned photonic crystal structure chromogenic fabric.
Example 5
A screen printing preparation method of a patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric with a scintillation effect comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing the nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing. The printing paste comprises the following components: 50% of P (St-HEA) microspheres (particle diameter 273 nm), 0.16% of water-soluble melanin, 8% of an ethylene oxide adduct of polypropylene glycol, 1.8% of a paint thickener, and the balance water. Mixing according to the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix uniformly;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: coating a fluorine-containing water repellent finishing agent on the screen, removing surface residues, and heating at 150 ℃ for 2min to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping and printing a special high molecular polymer (PUE-2013) on the surface of a polyester fabric by using a screen printing method, heating and curing to form a film, and obtaining a fabric with a transparent pattern of a special high molecular layer on the surface, wherein the coating amount is 18 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the polyester fabric with the special polymer layer transparent pattern by using a positioning screen;
(5) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 70 ℃ and the humidity of 70% for treatment for 5min, and completing the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of a polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure to obtain the patterned photonic crystal structure chromogenic fabric.
Example 6
A screen printing preparation method of a patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric with a scintillation effect comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing the nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing. The printing paste comprises the following components: 52% P (St-MMA) microspheres (particle size 188 nm), 0.18% carbon black, 10% fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate, 1.6% coating thickener, the balance being water. Mixing according to the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix uniformly;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: coating a silicon-containing water repellent finishing agent on the screen, removing surface residues, and then heating for 1min at the temperature of 140 ℃ to obtain a strong-hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping and printing a special high molecular polymer (PUE 1401) on the surface of the polyester fabric by using a screen printing method, heating and curing to form a film, and obtaining the fabric with the transparent pattern of the special high molecular layer on the surface, wherein the coating amount is 20 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the polyester fabric with the special polymer layer transparent pattern by using a positioning screen;
(5) Placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 70 ℃ and the humidity of 70% for processing for 5min to complete the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of a polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure, so as to obtain the colored fabric with the patterned photonic crystal structure;
example 7
A screen printing preparation method of a patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric with a scintillation effect comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing the nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing. The printing paste comprises the following components: 55% of PS nanospheres, 0.04% of carbon black, 2% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, 1.5% of synthetic thickener, and the balance of water. Mixing according to the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix uniformly;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: spraying a polyurethane release agent on the screen and removing surface residues, and then heating for 1min at the temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping and printing a special high molecular polymer (P1907) on the surface of the polyester fabric by using a screen printing method, heating and curing to form a film to obtain a fabric with a transparent pattern of a special high molecular layer on the surface, wherein the coating amount is 10 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, performing positioning screen printing on the surface of the polyester fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern, and positioning and printing patterned photonic crystals with different colors in different areas by adjusting the particle size of the nano microspheres and a multi-step screen printing process;
(5) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of 50% for processing for 40min, and completing the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of a polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure to obtain the patterned photonic crystal structure chromogenic fabric.
FIG. 1 is a viscosity and rheological property curve of the printing paste obtained by adding the synthetic thickener in example 1, and as shown in FIG. 1, the addition of a small amount of the synthetic thickener with strong thickening ability can make the nanoparticle dispersion liquid reach the viscosity (2435 mPa · s) required by printing and have a relatively obvious shear thinning property, and the printing pastes prepared in examples 1 to 6 can achieve the above effects.
FIG. 2 is an optical microscope photograph of the photonic crystals prepared by screen printing in example 2, which have a special visual effect of "glittering", and it is verified that the photonic crystals prepared in examples 1 to 6 all have the special visual effect of "glittering".
Fig. 3 is an SEM picture of the photonic crystal prepared by the inkjet printing of example 3, and it can be seen from fig. 3 that the regularity of the micro-arrangement structure of the photonic crystal obtained by the assembly is short-range order-long-range quasi-order, and it is verified that the micro-arrangements of the photonic crystals prepared in examples 1 to 6 are all the quasi-order structures described above.
Fig. 4 is a reflectance curve of the photonic crystal prepared in example 4, and as shown in fig. 4, the reflectance peak is higher and narrower, which proves that the structural color brightness and saturation are relatively higher, and it is verified that the photonic crystals prepared in examples 1 to 6 all have higher brightness and saturation.
FIG. 5 is a digital photograph of block and line patterns of photonic crystals prepared by screen printing of example 5. As shown in FIG. 5, the prepared block and line patterns have good uniformity and good line fineness without defects, and it is verified that the photonic crystal patterns prepared in examples 1 to 6 all exhibit excellent block and line uniformity and line fineness.
FIG. 6 is a digital photograph of the photonic crystal structure color-generating pattern prepared in example 6, which has uniform color without defects and exhibits different structural colors at different angles, exhibiting an iridescence effect, and it was confirmed that the structural color-generating patterns prepared in examples 1 to 6 all exhibit a certain angle dependence, i.e., iridescence effect.
The patterned photonic crystals with good definition and a flickering visual effect can be prepared in the embodiments 1 to 6, but the higher the concentration of the used nano microspheres is, the more easily the nano microspheres are arranged in order under the balance action of Van der Waals force and electrostatic repulsion force to form crystals, and the content of the synthetic thickener added in the printing paste prepared by using the nano microsphere dispersion liquid with higher concentration is less, and the interference on the assembly of the nano microspheres is less, so that the brightness and the saturation of the colored fabric with the patterned photonic crystal structure prepared in the embodiment 6 are better, and the flickering special visual effect is more obvious.
The color-producing fabric with the patterned photonic crystal structure prepared in example 5 is subjected to oscillation soaping in 5g/L of soap solution at room temperature for 30min. FIG. 8 is a reflectivity curve of a patterned photonic crystal structure color-developing fabric prepared by screen printing after being soaped for 2 hours, and the soaped photonic crystal structure color-developing fabric is not obviously changed, which proves that the patterned photonic crystal structure color-developing fabric has excellent soaping resistance.
The patterned photonic crystal structure color-producing fabric prepared in example 6 was bent 5 to 6 times. FIG. 7 is an optical microscope photograph of a screen printing prepared patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric after being bent, and the photonic crystal structure is not damaged at all after being bent, which proves that the patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric has excellent structural stability.
FIG. 9 is a 'three ponds reflexing moon' diagram and a 'flower' diagram printed by adjusting the particle size of the nano-microspheres and a multi-step screen printing process.
Comparative example 1
(1) Preparing the nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing. The printing paste comprises the following components: 48% of PS @ SiO 2 Microspheres (particle size 232 nm), 0.10% of carbon black, 6% of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate, 1.0% of synthetic thickener and the balance of water. Mixing according to the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix uniformly;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: spraying a polyurethane release agent on the screen and removing surface residues, and then heating for 1min at the temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping and printing a special high molecular polymer (PUE 1650) on the surface of a real silk fabric by using a screen printing method, heating, curing and forming a film to obtain a fabric with a transparent pattern of a special high molecular layer on the surface, wherein the coating amount is 15 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the real silk fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern by using a positioning screen;
(5) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of 70% for treating for 25min, and completing the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of a polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure to obtain the patterned photonic crystal structure chromogenic fabric.
Comparative example 2
(1) Preparing the nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing. The printing paste comprises the following components: 48% of PS @ SiO 2 Microspheres (particle size 232 nm), 0.10% of carbon black, 6% of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate, 3.0% of synthetic thickener and the balance of water. Mixing according to the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix uniformly;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: spraying a polyurethane release agent on the screen and removing surface residues, and then heating for 1min at the temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping special high molecular polymer (PUE 1650) on the surface of real silk fabric by screen printing method, heating and curing to form film to obtain fabric with transparent pattern of special high molecular layer on the surface, the coating amount is 15 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the real silk fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern by using a positioning screen;
(5) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of 70% for treating for 25min, and completing the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of a polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure to obtain the patterned photonic crystal structure chromogenic fabric.
Comparative example 3
(1) Preparing nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing, wherein the paste comprises the following components: 34% of PS @ SiO 2 Microspheres (particle size 232 nm), 0.10% of carbon black, 6% of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate, 2.0% of synthetic thickener and the balance of water. Mixing at the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix uniformlyAnd is ready for use;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: spraying a polyurethane release agent on the screen and removing surface residues, and then heating for 1min at the temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping special high molecular polymer (PUE 1650) on the surface of real silk fabric by screen printing method, heating and curing to form film to obtain fabric with transparent pattern of special high molecular layer on the surface, the coating amount is 15 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the real silk fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern by using a positioning screen;
(5) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of 70% for treating for 25min, and completing the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of a polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure to obtain the patterned photonic crystal structure chromogenic fabric.
Comparative example 4
(1) Preparing the nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing. The printing paste comprises the following components: 40% of PS nano microspheres (particle size 310 nm), 0.04% of carbon black, 2% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, 4.3% of sodium alginate and the balance of water. Mixing according to the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix uniformly;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: spraying a polyurethane release agent on the screen and removing surface residues, and then heating for 1min at 140 ℃ to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping special high molecular polymer (P1907) on the surface of the cotton fabric by a screen printing method, heating and curing to form a film to obtain a fabric with a transparent pattern of a special high molecular layer on the surface, wherein the coating amount is 10 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the cotton fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern by using a positioning screen;
(5) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 50 ℃ and the humidity of 50% for treating for 60min to complete the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of the polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure, so as to obtain the colored fabric with the patterned photonic crystal structure.
Comparative example 5
(1) Preparing nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing, wherein the printing paste comprises the following components: 40% of PS nanospheres (particle size 310 nm), 0.04% of carbon black, 2% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, and 3.6% of gas phase SiO 2 And the balance being water. Mixing according to the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix uniformly;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: spraying a polyurethane release agent on the screen and removing surface residues, and then heating for 1min at 140 ℃ to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping special high molecular polymer (P1907) on the surface of cotton fabric by screen printing method, heating and curing to form film to obtain fabric with transparent pattern of special high molecular layer on the surface, with coating amount of 10 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the cotton fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern by using a positioning screen;
(5) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 50 ℃ and the humidity of 50% for treating for 60min to complete the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of the polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure, so as to obtain the colored fabric with the patterned photonic crystal structure.
Comparative example 6
(1) Preparing nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing, wherein the printing paste comprises the following components: 40% of PS nanospheres (particle size 310 nm), 0.04% of carbon black, 2% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, 4.5% of CMC, and the balance of water. Mixing the above materials at the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix them uniformly;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: spraying a polyurethane release agent on the screen and removing surface residues, and then heating for 1min at 140 ℃ to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping special high molecular polymer (P1907) on the surface of the cotton fabric by a screen printing method, heating and curing to form a film to obtain a fabric with a transparent pattern of a special high molecular layer on the surface, wherein the coating amount is 10 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the cotton fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern by using a positioning screen;
(5) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 50 ℃ and the humidity of 50% for treating for 60min to complete the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of the polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure, so as to obtain the colored fabric with the patterned photonic crystal structure.
Comparative example 7
(1) Preparing nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing, wherein the printing paste comprises the following components: 40% of PS nanospheres (particle size 310 nm), 0.04% of carbon black, 2% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, 3.5% of synthetic thickener 313C, and the balance of water. Mixing according to the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix uniformly;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: spraying a polyurethane release agent on the screen and removing surface residues, and then heating for 1min at 140 ℃ to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping special high molecular polymer (P1907) on the surface of the cotton fabric by a screen printing method, heating and curing to form a film to obtain a fabric with a transparent pattern of a special high molecular layer on the surface, wherein the coating amount is 10 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the cotton fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern by using a positioning screen;
(5) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 50 ℃ and the humidity of 50% for treating for 60min to complete the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of the polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure, so as to obtain the colored fabric with the patterned photonic crystal structure.
Comparative example 8
(1) Preparing nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing, wherein the printing paste comprises the following components: 40% of PS nanospheres (particle size 310 nm), 0.04% of carbon black, 2% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, 2.5% of PU40, and the balance of water. Mixing the above materials at the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix them uniformly;
(2) Hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: spraying a polyurethane release agent on the screen, removing surface residues, and heating at 140 ℃ for 1min to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping special high molecular polymer (P1907) on the surface of the cotton fabric by a screen printing method, heating and curing to form a film to obtain a fabric with a transparent pattern of a special high molecular layer on the surface, wherein the coating amount is 10 g/square meter (dry weight);
(4) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the cotton fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern by using a positioning screen;
(5) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature and humidity of 50 ℃ for treatment for 60min, and completing the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of the polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure to obtain the patterned photonic crystal structure chromogenic fabric.
Comparative example 9
(1) Preparing nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing, wherein the printing paste comprises the following components: 50% of P (St-HEA) microspheres (particle diameter 273 nm), 0.16% of water-soluble melanin, 8% of an ethylene oxide adduct of polypropylene glycol, 1.8% of a paint thickener, and the balance of water. Mixing according to the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix uniformly;
(2) Scraping a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: scraping and printing a special high molecular polymer (PUE-2013) on the surface of a polyester fabric by using a screen printing method, heating and curing to form a film, and obtaining a fabric with a transparent pattern of a special high molecular layer on the surface, wherein the coating amount is 18 g/square meter (dry weight);
(3) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and performing positioning screen printing on the surface of the polyester fabric with the special polymer layer transparent patterns;
(4) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 70 ℃ and the humidity of 70% for treatment for 5min, and completing the assembly of the nano microspheres, the interface molecule activation and migration of a polymer layer on the surface of the fabric and the stabilization of the photonic crystal structure to obtain the patterned photonic crystal structure chromogenic fabric.
Comparative example 10
(1) Preparing nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing, wherein the printing paste comprises the following components: 52% of P (St-HEA) microspheres (particle size 188 nm), 0.16% of water-soluble melanin, 8% of an ethylene oxide adduct of polypropylene glycol, 1.8% of a paint thickener, and the balance water. Mixing according to the above ratio, and magnetically stirring at 20r/s for 10min to mix uniformly;
(2) Carrying out hydrophobic modification on the surface of the screen: coating a fluorine-containing water repellent finishing agent on the screen, removing surface residues, and heating at 150 ℃ for 2min to obtain a strongly hydrophobic printing screen;
(3) Pouring the nano microsphere printing paste on a screen, and printing the surface of the polyester fabric by using the screen;
(4) And (3) placing the fabric subjected to screen printing in an environment with the temperature of 70 ℃ and the humidity of 70% for treating for 8min, and finishing the assembly of the nano microspheres to obtain the colored fabric with the patterned photonic crystal structure.
Fig. 10 and 11 are digital photographs of patterned photonic crystals prepared in comparative examples 1 and 2 (compared with example 4), respectively. As shown in FIG. 10, when the mass fraction of the synthetic thickener in the printing paste system is small, the prepared photonic crystal pattern has missing block surfaces and discontinuous lines, which indicates that the paste does not reach the viscosity required by screen printing. In contrast, when the mass fraction of the synthetic thickener in the printing paste system is higher, the block surface of the photonic crystal pattern is complete and the lines are continuous, but the brightness and the saturation of the pattern are lower (see fig. 11), which is far less than that of the photonic crystal pattern printed in example 4.
FIG. 12 is a digital photograph of a color-developing pattern of a photonic crystal structure prepared by screen printing in comparative example 3 (comparison with example 4), and it can be seen from FIG. 12 that when a nanoparticle dispersion with a lower solid content is used as a printing paste, the color brightness and saturation of the prepared color-developing pattern are lower and non-uniform.
FIG. 13, FIG. 14, FIG. 15 are comparative example 4, comparative example 5 and comparative example 6 (compare with example 1), respectively, i.e. adding sodium alginate, gas phase SiO, respectively 2 And a digital photo of a color-producing pattern of a photonic crystal structure prepared by screen printing after the viscosity of CMC reaches the same viscosity as that of example 1, as shown in the figure, when a conventional thickener is added to the nanoparticle dispersion liquid, the color brightness and the saturation of the color-producing pattern of the structure prepared by screen printing are low, and the special glittering visual effect of the structure color is avoided.
Fig. 16 and 17 are digital photographs of the color-forming patterns of the photonic crystal structure prepared by screen printing in comparative example 7 and comparative example 8 (comparing with example 1), respectively, after adding synthetic thickener 313C, PU to reach the same viscosity as example 1, respectively, as shown in the figure, the thickener is a synthetic thickener, but is unstable (not salt-resistant, alkali-resistant) or weak in thickening ability or serious in interference with assembly when added into the printing paste, and the prepared color-forming patterns have no glittering effect and low brightness.
Fig. 18 is a digital photograph of a photonic crystal pattern prepared in comparative example 9 (comparative example 5) in which the surface of the mesh was not hydrophobically modified, and it is shown that the surface of the scraped pattern was rough when the surface of the mesh was not hydrophobically modified.
Fig. 19 is a diagram showing the structural stability of a photonic crystal pattern prepared in comparative example 10 (compared with example 6) in which a polymer pattern substrate is not scratched on the surface of a fabric, and when the polymer pattern substrate is not scratched, the prepared patterned photonic crystal has poor structural stability and is prone to irreversible damage under an external force.
In conclusion, the synthetic thickening agent with high stability (alkali resistance, salt resistance) and high thickening capability, which is added with low mass fraction, can enable the nano microsphere dispersion liquid to reach the viscosity required by printing and have obvious shear thinning performance. The synthetic thickener occupies less amount in the printing precursor liquid, so that the assembly interference on the nano microspheres is weakened, and the regularity of the micro-arrangement structure of the assembled photonic crystal is short-range order-long-range quasi-order. By using a proper high-solid-content colloidal microsphere dispersion liquid as printing paste, a color-generating pattern with a scintillation effect and a certain angle dependence of a photonic crystal structure can be obtained after screen printing; the spreading performance of the printing paste can be well adjusted by introducing the film crack preventing agent with high spreading performance into the printing paste; by constructing the high molecular polymer receiving and stabilizing layer, the structural stability and structural color durability of the patterned photonic crystal are improved.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The screen printing preparation method of the patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric with the scintillation effect provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A screen printing preparation method of a patterned photonic crystal structure color-generating fabric with a flicker effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing nano microsphere printing paste for screen printing structure color generation
The nano microsphere printing paste is prepared by mixing the following components in percentage by weight:
40-55% of nano-microspheres,
1.5 to 2.5 percent of synthetic thickening agent,
0.04 to 0.2 percent of melanin,
2 to 8 percent of film cracking preventing agent,
the balance of water;
the nano-microsphere is selected from organic high-molecular polymer polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nano-microsphere, polystyrene (PS) nano-microsphere, poly (styrene-methyl methacrylate) (P (St-MMA)), poly (styrene-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (P (St-HEA)), poly (styrene-methacrylic acid) (P (St-MAA)) polystyrene @ polydopamine (PS @ PDA), polystyrene @ silicon dioxide (PS @ SiO) 2 ) Or inorganic Silica (SiO) 2 ) Any one of the nano-microspheres;
s2, hydrophobic modification of the surface of the screen: spraying or coating a hydrophobic modifier on the surface of the screen, and heating to obtain a printing screen with strong hydrophobicity;
s3, scraping and printing a pattern base layer on the surface of the fabric: printing special high molecular polymer on the surface of the fabric by a screen printing method, wherein the printing amount is 10-20 g/square meter (dry weight), and heating and curing to form a film to obtain the fabric with the transparent pattern of the special high molecular layer on the surface;
the special high molecular polymer is a soft segment hard segment copolymerization polyurethane high molecular polymer or a soft segment hard segment copolymerization polyacrylic acid high molecular polymer;
s4, pouring the nano microsphere printing paste prepared in the S1 onto a screen, and performing positioning screen printing on the surface of the fabric with the special high polymer layer transparent pattern obtained in the S3;
s5, heating the fabric subjected to screen printing to complete the assembly of the nano microspheres, the activation and migration of the interface molecules of the high molecular layer and the stable solidification of the photonic crystals, so as to obtain the colored fabric with the patterned photonic crystal structure.
2. The screen printing preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and S2, spraying or coating a hydrophobic modifier on the screen, removing surface residues, and heating at 140-150 ℃ for 1-2min to obtain the strongly hydrophobic printing screen.
3. The screen printing preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the synthetic thickener is a salt-resistant polyacrylic acid synthetic thickener.
4. The screen printing preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the nano microsphere is 150-350 nm, the sphericity is good, and the monodispersion index is less than 0.08.
5. The screen printing preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat treatment conditions in the step S5 are: the temperature is 50-70 deg.C, humidity is 50-70%, and the time is 3-60min.
6. The screen printing preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fabric is selected from cotton fabric, polyester fabric, real silk fabric, polyester-cotton blended fabric or polyester-polyurethane blended fabric.
7. The screen printing preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soft segment and hard segment copolymerization polyurethane high molecular polymer has a hard segment selected from one of toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate; the soft segment is a long carbon chain soft substance with crystallization performance, the length of a carbon chain in a repeating unit is more than 4C, and the soft segment is selected from one of poly adipic acid-1,4 butanediol ester, poly adipic acid 1,6 hexanediol ester and poly-1,6-hexamethylene-carbonate;
the soft segment hard segment copolymerization type polyacrylic acid high molecular polymer has the hard segment selected from one of methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate or methyl acrylate, the soft segment is a long straight chain monomer with more than 4C, and the soft segment is selected from one of butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate and isooctyl acrylate.
8. The screen printing preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the melanin is one or a mixture of more of carbon black and water-soluble melanin.
9. The screen printing preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the film crack preventing agent is one or a mixture of more of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate or ethylene oxide adduct of polypropylene glycol.
10. The screen printing preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the S1, all components of the nano microsphere printing paste are mixed and then are magnetically stirred for 10min at the speed of 20r/S to be uniformly mixed;
the hydrophobic modifier in S2 is any one of a polyurethane release agent, a fluorine-containing water repellent finishing agent or a silicon-containing water repellent finishing agent.
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