CN115213803B - Bearing ring outer raceway rotary dynamic pressure polishing device and working method thereof - Google Patents
Bearing ring outer raceway rotary dynamic pressure polishing device and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115213803B CN115213803B CN202210834299.5A CN202210834299A CN115213803B CN 115213803 B CN115213803 B CN 115213803B CN 202210834299 A CN202210834299 A CN 202210834299A CN 115213803 B CN115213803 B CN 115213803B
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- adjusting mechanism
- polished
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003781 tooth socket Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007518 final polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/003—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor whereby the workpieces are mounted on a holder and are immersed in the abrasive material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/12—Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/12—Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
- B24B31/14—Abrading-bodies specially designed for tumbling apparatus, e.g. abrading-balls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a bearing ring outer raceway rotary dynamic pressure polishing device and a working method thereof. The polishing device comprises a main shaft rotating mechanism, a material cylinder, a polishing wheel rotating mechanism and a polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism, wherein the main shaft rotating mechanism is used for installing a bearing ring to be polished and driving the bearing ring to be polished to rotate, the bearing ring to be polished is arranged in the material cylinder, in a working state, a fluid abrasive medium is arranged in the material cylinder, the polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the pose of the polishing wheel relative to the bearing ring to be polished, a preset gap exists between the polishing wheel structure and the bearing ring to be polished in the working state, the polishing wheel rotating mechanism is connected with the polishing wheel and is used for controlling the polishing wheel and a workpiece to keep a certain distance to rotate relatively, and the polishing wheel rolls the abrasive medium into the gap generated by the polishing wheel and the workpiece. The invention adopts loose fluid abrasive polishing to obtain the ferrule polishing surface with better surface quality, and has simple structure, simple operation and strong applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bearing processing, in particular to a bearing ring outer raceway rotary dynamic pressure polishing device and a working method thereof.
Background
Bearings are a key basis for wide application, and the raceway of the ring is the most important working surface for bearing operation, and the shape precision and the surface quality of the raceway of the ring have very important influence on the performances of bearing rotation precision, service life, vibration noise and the like.
The final polishing process of the outer raceway of the bearing ring is generally to carry out superfinishing by using a fixed abrasive grinding tool such as oilstone. However, as technology advances and bearing performance improves, the requirements for the surface finish of the race track become increasingly stringent. In order to meet the performance requirements, the surface roughness requirements of the bearing ring raceways are high, in which case superfinishing with conventional fixed abrasives has not been able to meet the processing requirements, and a new method is needed to meet this high surface roughness polishing processing requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problems set forth above, a device and a method for polishing an outer raceway of a bearing ring by rotary dynamic pressure are provided. The invention adopts the following technical means:
the utility model provides a rotatory dynamic pressure burnishing device of bearing ring outer raceway, includes main shaft rotary mechanism, feed cylinder, polishing wheel rotary mechanism and polishing wheel position adjustment mechanism, main shaft rotary mechanism is used for installing the bearing ring of waiting to polish to drive and wait to polish the bearing ring and rotate, wait to polish the bearing ring set up in the feed cylinder, under the operating condition, be equipped with fluid abrasive medium in the feed cylinder, polishing wheel position adjustment mechanism is used for adjusting the position appearance of polishing wheel for waiting to polish the bearing ring, polishing wheel structure and wait to polish the bearing ring adaptation, and there is the space of predetermineeing between the two under the operating condition, polishing wheel rotary mechanism links to each other with the polishing wheel, and control polishing wheel and work piece keep certain distance to rotate relatively, and the polishing wheel is in the clearance that polishing wheel and work piece produced with abrasive medium reel.
Further, the polishing device also comprises a lathe bed, the main shaft rotating mechanism is arranged on the lathe bed, the material cylinder is arranged on the lathe bed, the polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism is arranged on the lathe bed, the main shaft rotating mechanism comprises a servo motor, a planetary reducer and a main shaft, the output end of the servo motor is connected with the main shaft through the planetary reducer, and a bearing ring to be polished is arranged on the main shaft.
Further, the material jar includes material jar ladle body and connects the material jar chassis in material jar ladle body below, and the material jar chassis is installed through the bolt and is accomplished fixedly on the sealing disk, and the bottom of sealing disk is fixed on the desktop of lathe bed through the support column, and main shaft and sealing disk sealing mode adopt the packing seal.
Further, the polishing wheel rotating mechanism is arranged on the polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism through a transition plate and comprises a direct current brushless motor, a motor support, a coupler, a connecting rod, a belt seat bearing and a bearing mounting frame, the polishing wheel is arranged on the connecting rod, the connecting rod and the direct current brushless motor are connected and driven through the coupler, the belt seat bearing is arranged between the connecting rod and the direct current brushless motor, the belt seat bearing is arranged on the transition plate through the bearing mounting frame, and the direct current brushless motor is arranged on the transition plate through the motor support.
Further, the coupling is a quincuncial elastic coupling.
Further, the polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism comprises a position adjusting mechanism, a reciprocating linear motion mechanism, an angle adjusting mechanism and a distance adjusting mechanism, wherein the angle adjusting mechanism, the reciprocating linear motion mechanism and the distance adjusting mechanism are connected with the position adjusting mechanism through a position adjusting mechanism connecting bottom plate, the position adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the spatial position of each mechanism connected with the position adjusting mechanism, the angle adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the angle of the polishing wheel rotating mechanism, a guide rail of the reciprocating linear motion mechanism is arranged on the angle adjusting mechanism and used for adjusting the direction of the reciprocating linear motion so as to adapt to different bearing rings to be polished, and the distance adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the relative distance between the polishing wheel and a workpiece.
Further, the polishing wheel comprises a straight tooth polishing wheel, the straight tooth polishing wheel is used for polishing a cylindrical or conical raceway, an opening for connecting a connecting rod of a polishing wheel rotating mechanism is formed in the center of the straight tooth polishing wheel, the straight tooth polishing wheel is driven through a common flat key, the straight tooth polishing wheel comprises a plurality of gear teeth, a screw hole is formed in a tooth slot, and the screw hole is used for installing a set screw to fix the polishing wheel and the connecting rod.
Further, the polishing wheel comprises a convex tooth polishing wheel, the convex tooth polishing wheel is used for polishing a spherical raceway, an opening for connecting a connecting rod of a polishing wheel rotating mechanism is formed in the center of the convex tooth polishing wheel, the polishing wheel is driven through a common flat key, a convex tooth part is arranged at the middle part of a gear tooth and is a preset cambered surface, and a screw hole is formed in one tooth slot and used for installing a set screw to fix the polishing wheel and the connecting rod.
The invention also discloses a bearing ring outer raceway rotary dynamic pressure polishing method adopting the bearing ring outer raceway rotary dynamic pressure polishing device, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, assembling a device, wherein in the process, a polishing wheel is selected according to the specification of a bearing ring to be polished, and is arranged on a polishing wheel rotating mechanism;
step 2, clamping the workpiece to be polished, and adjusting the space pose of the polishing wheel rotating mechanism through the polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism;
step 3, selecting a proper abrasive, and injecting the abrasive into a material cylinder;
and 4, starting polishing, wherein the polishing wheel winds an abrasive medium into a gap generated between the polishing wheel and the bearing ring to be polished, and processing the bearing ring to be polished.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. unlike conventional polishing devices, the device uses loose fluid abrasives rather than fixed abrasives for the polishing process. A smoother ferrule polishing surface can be achieved with loose-fluid abrasive polishing as compared to fixed-abrasive grinding tool polishing.
2. The polishing wheel design proposal provides the forming conditions of dynamic pressure polishing of the outer raceway of the bearing ring, has the characteristics of simple structure, simple operation, strong applicability and the like, can meet the finishing processing requirements of most of the outer raceway of the bearing ring, and can only need to replace different types of polishing wheels for different types of bearing rings.
3. The polishing process is carried out based on dynamic pressure effect and hardening phenomenon of special flexible abrasive media, the abrasive media can be recycled, tool loss and working hour loss in the fixed abrasive polishing process are reduced, and production cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a main structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 1A;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a straight tooth polishing wheel for an outer raceway of a cylindrical or conical bearing ring;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a tooth polishing wheel for a spherical outer race;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a tooth polishing wheel installation.
In the figure: 1. a bed body; 2. a spindle rotation mechanism; 201. a main shaft; 3. a support column; 4. a sealing plate; 5. a material cylinder chassis; 6. a cylinder body; 7. a distance adjusting mechanism; 701. dovetail pallet guide rails; 702. a hand wheel; 8. a reciprocating linear motion mechanism; 9. a position adjusting mechanism; 10. an L-shaped bracket; 11. a motor bracket; 12. quincuncial elastic coupling; 13. workpiece-tapered roller bearing ring; 14. straight tooth polishing wheels are used for the outer roller path of the cylindrical or conical bearing ring; 15. a connecting rod; 16. a bearing with a seat; 17. a bearing mounting rack; 18. a DC brushless motor; 19. an angle adjusting plate; 20. a transition plate; 21. convex tooth polishing wheels are used for the spherical outer roller path; 22. workpiece-ball bearing ring.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention discloses a bearing ring outer raceway rotary dynamic pressure polishing device, which comprises a main shaft rotating mechanism, a material cylinder, a polishing wheel rotating mechanism and a polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism, wherein the main shaft rotating mechanism 2 is used for installing a bearing ring to be polished and driving the bearing ring to rotate, the bearing ring to be polished is arranged in the material cylinder, in a working state, a fluid abrasive medium is arranged in the material cylinder, the polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the pose of the polishing wheel relative to the bearing ring to be polished, the polishing wheel structure is matched with the bearing ring to be polished, a preset gap exists between the polishing wheel structure and the bearing ring to be polished, the polishing wheel rotating mechanism is connected with the polishing wheel, the polishing wheel and a workpiece are controlled to keep a certain distance to rotate relatively, and the polishing wheel rolls the abrasive medium into the gap generated by the polishing wheel and the workpiece.
The polishing device is different from the traditional fixed abrasive polishing processing in principle, uses flexible abrasive media to replace the traditional fixed abrasive to serve as a cutter, and utilizes the dynamic pressure effect to realize efficient polishing of the outer raceway of the bearing ring.
Specifically, the polishing machine tool comprises a machine body 1, a main shaft rotating mechanism is arranged on the machine body, a material cylinder is arranged on the machine body, a polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism is arranged on the machine body, the main shaft rotating mechanism comprises a servo motor, a planetary reducer and a main shaft, the planetary reducer and the servo motor are connected through bolts to form a whole, the output end of the servo motor is connected with the main shaft 201 through the planetary reducer, a bearing ring to be polished is arranged on the main shaft, a workpiece 13 is arranged on the main shaft 201, and the servo motor is started to drive the workpiece 13 to rotate.
The material jar includes material jar ladle body 6 and connects the material jar chassis 5 in material jar ladle body below, and the material jar chassis is installed through the bolt and is accomplished fixedly on sealing disk 4, and the bottom of sealing disk is fixed on the desktop of lathe bed through support column 3, and the material jar stores the function of abrasive material in polishing process, and main shaft and sealing disk sealing mode adopt the packing to seal, and sealing medium is selected as polytetrafluoroethylene packing.
The polishing wheel rotating mechanism is arranged on the polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism through a transition plate and comprises a direct current brushless motor 18, a motor bracket 11, a coupler, a connecting rod 15, a belt seat bearing 16 and a bearing mounting frame 17, the polishing wheel is arranged on the connecting rod, the connecting rod and the direct current brushless motor are connected and driven through the coupler, the belt seat bearing is arranged therebetween, the belt seat bearing is arranged on the transition plate through the bearing mounting frame, and the direct current brushless motor is arranged on the transition plate through the motor bracket. The tooth-shaped polishing wheel is made of high-hardness wear-resistant material bearing steel, two tightening bolts are used for fixing through threaded holes of two M6 on the tooth-shaped polishing wheel, the tooth-shaped polishing wheel and the connecting rod 15 are in transmission through a common flat key, the coupling is a quincuncial elastic coupling, and the connecting rod 15 and the direct-current brushless motor 18 are connected and transmitted through the quincuncial elastic coupling 12.
The polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism comprises a position adjusting mechanism 9, a reciprocating linear motion mechanism 8, an angle adjusting mechanism and a distance adjusting mechanism 7, wherein the angle adjusting mechanism, the reciprocating linear motion mechanism and the distance adjusting mechanism are connected with the position adjusting mechanism through a position adjusting mechanism connecting bottom plate, the position adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the spatial position of each mechanism connected with the position adjusting mechanism, the angle adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the angle of the polishing wheel rotating mechanism, a guide rail of the reciprocating linear motion mechanism is arranged on the angle adjusting mechanism and used for adjusting the direction of reciprocating linear motion so as to adapt to bearing rings to be polished, and the distance adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the relative distance between the polishing wheel and a workpiece.
In this embodiment, the position adjusting mechanism is a cross sliding table controlled by a stepper motor, and is used for adjusting the position of the polishing structure relative to the workpiece to be processed by moving up and down and left and right, the cross sliding table is vertically fixed on the L-shaped bracket 10, the L-shaped bracket 10 is fixed on one side of the table top on the lathe bed 1, the X, Y shaft of the cross sliding table is driven by the stepper motor, and can drive the mechanism on the sliding table to complete up and down and left and right movements, and the connecting bottom plate is fixed on the sliding table of the cross sliding table for installing the reciprocating linear motion mechanism 8 and the distance adjusting mechanism 7.
The reciprocating linear motion mechanism is an asynchronous motor which drives the polishing structure to do reciprocating linear motion through an eccentric wheel mechanism, a guide rail sliding block and the like, and the asynchronous motor converts rotary motion into reciprocating linear motion through the eccentric wheel mechanism and the guide rail sliding block.
The angle adjusting mechanism is an angle adjusting plate, and the angle of the axis of the tooth-shaped polishing wheel relative to the workpiece is adjusted by adjusting the angle of the angle adjusting plate relative to the dovetail supporting plate sliding block.
The distance adjusting mechanism is a dovetail pallet guide rail 701, and the relative distance between the tooth-shaped polishing wheel and the workpiece is adjusted by adjusting the position of the sliding block, in this embodiment, the position of the sliding block is adjusted by adopting a hand wheel, in other optional embodiments, other power source driving modes can be selected, and the dovetail pallet sliding table is provided with an angle adjusting plate 19. The guide rail in the reciprocating linear motion mechanism 8 is arranged on the angle adjusting plate 19 and is used for adjusting the direction of reciprocating linear motion so as to adapt to workpiece-tapered roller bearing rings 13 with different tapers; the reciprocating linear motion mechanism 8 does not operate when the workpiece-ball bearing ring 22 is polished using the tooth polishing wheel. The sliding block in the reciprocating linear motion mechanism 8 is provided with a transition plate 20, and the polishing wheel rotating mechanism is arranged on the transition plate 20.
As shown in fig. 3, the polishing wheel comprises a straight tooth polishing wheel 14, the straight tooth polishing wheel is used for polishing a cylindrical or conical raceway, an opening for connecting a connecting rod of a polishing wheel rotating mechanism is formed in the center of the straight tooth polishing wheel, the straight tooth polishing wheel is driven through a common flat key, the straight tooth polishing wheel comprises a plurality of gear teeth, a screw hole is formed in one tooth slot, and the screw hole is used for installing a set screw to fix the polishing wheel and the connecting rod.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the polishing wheel comprises a tooth polishing wheel 21, the tooth polishing wheel is used for polishing a spherical raceway of a workpiece-ball bearing ring 22, an opening for connecting a connecting rod of a polishing wheel rotating mechanism is formed in the center of the tooth polishing wheel, the tooth polishing wheel is driven through a common flat key, a tooth part is arranged in the middle of a gear tooth and is a preset cambered surface, and a screw hole is formed in one tooth groove and is used for installing a set screw to fix the polishing wheel and the connecting rod. Due to the shape specificity of the convex tooth polishing wheel, when the spherical raceway is polished, the blocking edges on two sides of the spherical raceway can also achieve the function of polishing, so that the service performance of the ball bearing is further improved. The tooth-shaped polishing wheel is characterized in that groove structures with the same size are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the tooth-shaped polishing wheel, round corners are chamfered on edges of the grooves, and the tooth-shaped polishing wheel is enabled to better roll abrasive materials into gaps between the tooth-shaped polishing wheel and a workpiece, so that the effect of material removal and finishing processing is achieved.
The invention also discloses a bearing ring outer raceway rotary dynamic pressure polishing method adopting the bearing ring outer raceway rotary dynamic pressure polishing device, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, assembling a device, wherein in the process, a polishing wheel is selected according to the specification of a bearing ring to be polished, and is arranged on a polishing wheel rotating mechanism;
step 2, clamping the workpiece to be polished, and adjusting the space pose of the polishing wheel rotating mechanism through the polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism;
step 3, selecting a proper abrasive, and injecting the abrasive into a material cylinder;
and 4, starting polishing, wherein the polishing wheel winds an abrasive medium into a gap generated between the polishing wheel and the bearing ring to be polished, and processing the bearing ring to be polished.
Specifically, taking the workpiece-tapered roller bearing ring 13 as an example, when polishing it, the position adjusting mechanism 9 and the angle adjusting mechanism are first adjusted according to the shape and the taper of the workpiece to be processed, and other relevant factors, so that the axis of the straight tooth polishing wheel 14 for the outer race of the cylindrical or tapered roller bearing ring is parallel to the generatrix of the workpiece-tapered roller bearing ring 13 and is in a proper position, and then the distance between the straight tooth polishing wheel and the workpiece 13 is adjusted by rotating the hand wheel 702. Then, a suitable abrasive is selected for the surface roughness of the existing workpiece-tapered roller bearing ring 13, and the selected abrasive medium serves as a "tool" in the processing method, and is generally mainly composed of a matrix, abrasive particles and additives, wherein the types of the abrasive particles are generally silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and the like. In addition, the low-viscosity loose abrasive medium and the high-viscosity elastic abrasive medium can be classified according to the rheological property of the abrasive medium, and the low-viscosity loose abrasive medium generally has better fluidity and is generally formed by mixing water or low-viscosity polymer serving as a matrix, abrasive particles and additives according to a certain proportion; the high-viscosity abrasive medium is mainly formed by mixing a high-viscosity polymer and an abrasive particle additive, has poor fluidity, and is selected according to different working conditions.
And putting the selected abrasive medium into a material cylinder, and selecting proper parameters including the rotating speed of a straight tooth polishing wheel 14 for the outer raceway of the cylindrical or conical bearing ring, the rotating speed of a workpiece 13, the distance between a polishing head and the workpiece and the like to carry out polishing processing.
The procedure for polishing the work-piece-ball bearing ring 22 with the tooth polishing wheel 21 using the spherical outer race is the same as above.
When the surface quality requirement of the machined workpiece-tapered roller bearing ring 13 is high, the reciprocating linear motion mechanism 8 can be started, and the polishing wheel can vibrate up and down along the generatrix direction of the workpiece at the moment, so that the textures along the circumferential direction of the workpiece can be effectively eliminated, the surface roughness of the workpiece can be further reduced, the surface quality of the workpiece can be improved, and the finishing machining of the surface of the part can be realized.
The main action mechanism of the method is as follows: first, three conditions mainly included in the hydrodynamic pressure are: the two objects have enough relative movement speed, the fluid polishing medium has certain viscosity, and the gap between the polishing head and the roller path forms a wedge-shaped contracted flow passage. The polishing medium used in the method is a fluid abrasive medium, the medium has certain viscosity and fluidity, and when the medium is rapidly deformed, the medium can show abrupt viscosity change and hardening phenomenon; when the tooth-shaped polishing wheel and the workpiece keep a certain distance to rotate relatively, the gap is converged rapidly, and then dynamic pressure effect is formed. When the tooth-shaped polishing wheel rotates rapidly, the abrasive medium is rolled into a gap between the polishing wheel and a workpiece, the gap is rapidly reduced, so that the abrasive medium is hardened, at the moment, in a wedge-shaped processing area, viscous fluid is wrapped with abrasive particles to move at a high speed, and when the abrasive particles pass through a slit, a part of the abrasive particles are inevitably collided with micro-convex bodies on the processing surface, so that a certain impact load is generated. The abrasive particles strike and scratch the wall surface at a certain speed and angle, so that the original microscopic appearance of the machined surface is damaged, the material on the surface of the workpiece is damaged, and the convex part of the wall surface is firstly scraped off, so that the surface roughness is greatly reduced. The device is also provided with a reciprocating linear motion mechanism, and when the cylindrical or conical raceway polishing is carried out, the reciprocating linear motion mechanism can drive the polishing wheel to vibrate up and down along the generatrix direction of the workpiece, so that the aim of eliminating textures along the circumferential direction of the workpiece is fulfilled, the surface roughness of the workpiece is further reduced, the surface quality of the workpiece is improved, and the polishing of the surface of the part is realized.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a bearing ring outer raceway rotation dynamic pressure burnishing device which is characterized in that, including main shaft rotary mechanism, feed cylinder, polishing wheel rotary mechanism and polishing wheel position adjustment mechanism, main shaft rotary mechanism is used for installing the bearing ring that waits to polish to drive and wait to polish the bearing ring and rotate, wait to polish the bearing ring and set up in the feed cylinder, under the operating condition, be equipped with fluid abrasive medium in the feed cylinder, polishing wheel position adjustment mechanism is used for adjusting the position appearance of polishing wheel relative to waiting to polish the bearing ring, polishing wheel and wait to polish the bearing ring adaptation, and there is the preset space between the two under the operating condition, polishing wheel rotary mechanism links to each other with polishing wheel, control polishing wheel and work piece keep certain distance to rotate relatively, polishing wheel is with abrasive medium roll into polishing wheel and work piece in the clearance that produces;
the polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism comprises a position adjusting mechanism, a reciprocating linear motion mechanism, an angle adjusting mechanism and a distance adjusting mechanism, wherein the angle adjusting mechanism, the reciprocating linear motion mechanism and the distance adjusting mechanism are connected with the position adjusting mechanism through a position adjusting mechanism connecting bottom plate, the position adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the spatial position of each mechanism connected with the position adjusting mechanism, the angle adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the angle of a polishing wheel rotating mechanism, a guide rail of the reciprocating linear motion mechanism is arranged on the angle adjusting mechanism and used for adjusting the direction of reciprocating linear motion so as to adapt to different bearing rings to be polished, and the distance adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the relative distance between a polishing wheel and a workpiece;
the reciprocating linear motion mechanism can drive the polishing wheel to vibrate up and down along the generatrix direction of the workpiece when polishing the cylindrical or conical roller path, and aims to eliminate textures along the circumferential direction of the workpiece;
the polishing device comprises a polishing wheel and a polishing wheel, and is characterized by further comprising a lathe bed, wherein the main shaft rotating mechanism is arranged on the lathe bed, the material cylinder is arranged on the lathe bed, the polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism is arranged on the lathe bed, the main shaft rotating mechanism comprises a servo motor, a planetary reducer and a main shaft, the output end of the servo motor is connected with the main shaft through the planetary reducer, and a bearing ring to be polished is arranged on the main shaft;
the material cylinder comprises a material cylinder barrel body and a material cylinder chassis connected below the material cylinder barrel body, wherein the material cylinder chassis is mounted on a sealing disc through bolts to finish fixation, the bottom end of the sealing disc is fixed on a table top of the machine body through a support column, and a main shaft is sealed with the sealing disc in a packing manner;
the polishing wheel rotating mechanism is arranged on the polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism through a transition plate and comprises a direct current brushless motor, a motor support, a coupler, a connecting rod, a belt seat bearing and a bearing mounting frame, the polishing wheel is arranged on the connecting rod, the connecting rod and the direct current brushless motor are connected and driven through the coupler, the belt seat bearing is arranged between the connecting rod and the direct current brushless motor, the belt seat bearing is arranged on the transition plate through the bearing mounting frame, and the direct current brushless motor is arranged on the transition plate through the motor support.
2. The bearing ring outer race rotary dynamic pressure polishing device of claim 1, wherein the coupling is a quincuncial elastic coupling.
3. The bearing ring outer raceway rotary dynamic pressure polishing device according to claim 1, wherein the polishing wheel comprises a straight tooth polishing wheel, the straight tooth polishing wheel is used for polishing a cylindrical or conical raceway, an opening for connecting a connecting rod of a polishing wheel rotating mechanism is formed in the center of the straight tooth polishing wheel, the opening is transmitted through a common flat key, the straight tooth polishing wheel comprises a plurality of gear teeth, a screw hole is formed in a tooth socket, and a set screw is used for fixing the polishing wheel and the connecting rod.
4. The bearing ring outer race rotary dynamic pressure polishing device according to claim 1, wherein the polishing wheel comprises a convex tooth polishing wheel, the convex tooth polishing wheel is used for polishing the spherical race, an opening for connecting a connecting rod of a polishing wheel rotating mechanism is formed in the center of the convex tooth polishing wheel, the polishing wheel is driven through a common flat key, a convex tooth part is arranged at the middle part of a gear tooth and is a preset cambered surface, and a screw hole is formed in one tooth slot and used for installing a set screw to fix the polishing wheel and the connecting rod.
5. A method of bearing ring outer race rotary dynamic pressure operation using the bearing ring outer race rotary dynamic pressure polishing apparatus as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step 1, assembling a device, wherein in the process, a polishing wheel is selected according to the specification of a bearing ring to be polished, and is arranged on a polishing wheel rotating mechanism;
step 2, clamping the workpiece to be polished, and adjusting the space pose of the polishing wheel rotating mechanism through the polishing wheel pose adjusting mechanism;
step 3, selecting a proper abrasive, and injecting the abrasive into a material cylinder;
and 4, starting polishing, wherein the polishing wheel winds an abrasive medium into a gap generated between the polishing wheel and the bearing ring to be polished, and processing the bearing ring to be polished.
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| CN202210834299.5A CN115213803B (en) | 2022-07-14 | 2022-07-14 | Bearing ring outer raceway rotary dynamic pressure polishing device and working method thereof |
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| CN202210834299.5A CN115213803B (en) | 2022-07-14 | 2022-07-14 | Bearing ring outer raceway rotary dynamic pressure polishing device and working method thereof |
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| CN115213803B true CN115213803B (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115213803A (en) | 2022-10-21 |
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