CN115213275A - Method for optimizing asymmetry of resilience of left and right parts of fender - Google Patents
Method for optimizing asymmetry of resilience of left and right parts of fender Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 33
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
- B21D43/003—Positioning devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for optimizing asymmetry of resilience of left and right parts of a fender, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the left and right fender products are asymmetric, the resilience is asymmetric, the flanging in the wheel opening area is short of materials, and a material storage convex rib is added at the wheel opening; the left part and the right part are increased, and the number and the height of the material storage convex ribs of the left part with the charging port are both larger than those of the right part; the material storage convex rib needs to be confirmed to be in the product outline expansion line, namely, within the trimming line of the next procedure, the expansion line is ensured to be on the added cylindrical surface of the material storage convex rib, and the height of the material storage convex rib is not higher than the product outline; according to the invention, the resilience of the fender subjected to punch forming tends to be symmetrical by adjusting the local process supplementary molding of the fender and adjusting the datum point of the checking fixture, and finally, the size of a finished piece is controlled by using a symmetrical compensation means, so that the compensation mode is simplified, the debugging difficulty is reduced, the product quality is ensured, the project period is shortened, and convenience is provided for the general assembly of the fender.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a method for optimizing asymmetry of resilience of left and right parts of a fender.
Background
The fender is one of the most critical parts with complex modeling and high dimensional requirement in the outer covering of the vehicle body, and the manufactured part is positioned at the most obvious position of the whole vehicle and has extremely high requirement on dimensional precision control. The matching relationship is complex, and the matching requirement of the automobile front bumper is strict with the main parts of a side wall, an automobile door, a hair cover, a headlamp, a front bumper and the like. The left fender and the right fender of a traditional fuel vehicle are basically and completely symmetrical, and in the production process, in order to ensure the final assembly quality, the sizes of the left fender and the right fender parts are basically consistent, so in the process of process design and rebound compensation, the left fender and the right fender parts are completely and symmetrically compensated and debugged in a unified way; if the local asymmetry of a product, except for the product asymmetry area, the process supplement is still designed according to symmetry, so that the left part and the right part are rebounded asymmetrically, and finally the left part and the right part adopt different compensation modes to control rebounding, which is equivalent to the compensation of two products, and the debugging of the two products in a workshop wastes time and labor.
At present, the field of new energy electric vehicles is rapidly developed, a plurality of whole vehicle factories set charging ports on one side of a fender (as shown in fig. 1a and fig. 1 b), the charging ports are large in size relative to a fender, and the charging ports pass through main ridge lines, so that the symmetry of left and right fenders of final stamped parts can be influenced to a great extent.
Patent document 1 (CN 107900255A) discloses a method for multi-round iterative automatic compensation in an auto form, belonging to the field of manufacturing of stamping dies for automobile panels. The method comprises the following specific steps: the method comprises the following steps: predicting a rebound result of the fender part: carrying out analog simulation on the forming process of the fender part by using finite element analysis software AutoForm, and predicting a rebound result; step two: determining a springback compensation scheme of the fender part; step three: and (4) carrying out full profile springback compensation on the fender part, and carrying out iterative compensation for multiple rounds by adopting finite element analysis software AutoForm until the dimensional requirement is met. Step four: and reconstructing the product data of the fender part. The invention has the advantages that the defects of low size precision and large workload of die modification in the past are overcome by using the springback analysis and springback compensation of the fender based on the finite element analysis technology, the quality of the fender product is greatly improved, the die debugging cost is saved, and the die debugging period is shortened.
Patent document 2 (CN 110738005A) discloses a method for compensating a full profile of a punch rebound of an automobile fender, which includes the following steps: s1, obtaining a basic rebound simulation result based on a forward function model; s2, obtaining a full-profile rebound compensation strategy based on a reverse function model; and S3, reconstructing and optimizing the tool body of the compensation process based on the full profile springback compensation strategy and performing simulation verification. The full profile compensation method for the stamping springback of the automobile fender improves the design efficiency and precision of the springback compensation of the fender, shortens the debugging period of the actual part size, and realizes the realizability, reliability and accuracy of the stamping springback compensation.
Patent document 3 (CN 110756641B) discloses a restraining method for full profile springback compensation of an automobile fender, which includes: step one, setting a preliminary constraint scheme by adopting a fixed boundary condition constraint mode; step two, calculating the restraint resilience of the fender, and judging whether the resilience restraint force of the restraint point meets a first preset requirement; thirdly, performing first adjustment and optimization on the constraint points based on the magnitude of the rebound constraint force; judging whether the rebound value of the fender meets a second preset requirement or not; fifthly, performing secondary adjustment optimization on the constraint points based on the rebound quantity value; step six, taking the final constraint scheme meeting the requirements as a basic fixed boundary condition constraint mode, and performing iterative calculation of full profile springback compensation; and step seven, verifying the resilience constraint force of each constraint point after iterative computation. The invention has smaller rebound magnitude under smaller clamping force, and is beneficial to the accurate and reliable realization of full profile rebound compensation.
The related invention patent method is only suitable for a compensation mode of the fender with completely symmetrical left and right parts, and aims at a method for achieving symmetrical compensation under the condition that the resilience of the left and right parts is asymmetrical.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for optimizing the asymmetry of resilience of left and right parts of a fender, aiming at solving the problem of asymmetry of resilience size caused by the asymmetry of local shape of a fender product.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for optimizing asymmetry of resilience of left and right parts of a fender is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the left fender product and the right fender product are asymmetric, the resilience is asymmetric, the flanging in the wheel opening area is lack of materials, and material storage convex ribs are added at the wheel opening; the left part and the right part are increased, and the number and the height of the material storage convex ribs of the left part with the charging port are both larger than those of the right part; the material storage convex rib needs to be confirmed to be in the product outline expansion line, namely, within the trimming line of the next procedure, the expansion line is ensured to be on the added cylindrical surface of the material storage convex rib, and the height of the material storage convex rib is not higher than the product outline.
Furthermore, the flanging of the column A area is short of materials, and material storage convex ribs are added in the vertical surface area of the straight flanging of the column A; the left part and the right part are increased, but the left part with the charging port is provided with the number of the ribs and the height of the ribs which are all larger than the right part.
Furthermore, the material storage convex ribs are uniformly distributed.
Furthermore, the distance between the upper end of the material storage convex rib and the product flanging line is more than 5 mm.
And further, before adding the material storage convex rib, determining a workpiece clamping reference.
The method for determining the workpiece clamping reference specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting an optimal clamping reference scheme according to the basic requirements of the clamping points of the workpiece checking fixture; the clamping reference selection principle comprises the following four points:
preferably clamping the surface A;
minimum clamping;
the clamping points are reasonably distributed;
special requirements of users;
according to the principle, determine the best centre gripping scheme of resilience compensation, the freedom resilience is different, and the left and right parts are different in resilience trend and magnitude under examining a fixture clamping state.
Further, after a workpiece clamping reference is determined, determining a workpiece and a working procedure which need to be supplemented by an adjusting process;
the method for determining the parts and the processes needing to be supplemented by the adjustment process comprises the following specific contents:
determining a workpiece needing to be supplemented by the adjustment process, comparing the clamping states of the left and right workpieces in the checking fixture, and selecting the workpiece with a large integral material shortage trend of the flanging of the A column area or selecting the workpiece with a large material excess trend of the flanging of the A column area;
determining the procedure needing adjusting process supplement, wherein the rebound difference of the A column area is large, confirming that the rebound is greatly influenced by the flanging forming of the A column area and the product forming from a wheel opening to the A column according to the simulation process and the product forming characteristics, and finally selecting the flanging of the A column area.
Further, after the material storage convex ribs are added, the size is symmetrically compensated according to the rebound area and the numerical value;
the size is compensated according to the rebound area and the numerical symmetry, which means that:
in order to ensure that the dimension of the final product surface is within the tolerance range, the catia software is used for locally raising the rebound value of the area with the negative rebound value by using a wrapping surface command and locally reducing the rebound value of the area with the positive rebound value by using the wrapping surface command, so that the left fender and the right fender are symmetrically compensated.
Furthermore, in the process design and die debugging stages, springback is flexibly controlled by adjusting parameters such as the quantity, the height and the like of the material storage convex ribs according to the actual situation on site, and finally the sizes of the left fender and the right fender are controlled to be basically symmetrical.
Further, the method for optimizing the asymmetry of the resilience of the left and right fender parts is applied to products with asymmetric local shapes of the left and right fender parts and asymmetric resilience but symmetric size requirements;
furthermore, the material storage convex rib is in a round head shape.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the existing method for controlling the size of the manufactured part through completely symmetrical process supplement, rebound compensation and the like, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the rebound of the fender subjected to punch forming tends to be symmetrical by adjusting the local process supplement modeling of the fender and adjusting the datum point of the gauge, and finally the size of the manufactured part is controlled by using a symmetrical compensation means, so that the compensation mode is simplified, the debugging difficulty is reduced, the product quality is ensured, the project period is shortened, and convenience is provided for the final assembly of the fender.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1a is a schematic view of a left fender product;
FIG. 1b is a schematic view of a right fender product;
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of the free springback value of the left fender;
FIG. 2b is a schematic representation of the free rebound value of the right fender;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a position of a clamping point of a part inspection tool;
FIG. 4a is a schematic view of the clamping rebound value of the left fender;
FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram of the clamping rebound value of the right fender panel;
FIG. 5a is a schematic view of the material storage rib in the first process
FIG. 5b is an enlarged view of the material-storing ribs in the first step
FIG. 6a is a schematic view of the material storage rib in the third step
FIG. 6b is an enlarged view of the material storage rib in the third step
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the rebound values of the left fender after symmetric compensation;
FIG. 8 is a graphical representation of the springback value after symmetric compensation of the right fender.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, which are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
the technical scheme of the invention is described as follows by combining the embodiment and the attached drawings:
the invention is implemented on the premise of taking the free rebound state of the complementary simulation of the symmetrical process as a reference (as shown in figures 2a and 2 b), and the rebound states of the left fender and the right fender are completely asymmetric as can be seen from the rebound values in the figures. The implementation of the invention is carried out in four steps.
Firstly, determining a workpiece clamping reference.
And (4) selecting an optimal clamping reference scheme according to the distribution of the clamping points of the workpiece checking tool (as shown in figure 3). The selection of the clamping reference point is confirmed according to the following 4 points:
1. preferably clamping the surface A;
2. minimum clamping;
3. the clamping points are reasonably distributed;
4. the user has special requirements.
After screening according to the above method, the D, G, H, I, L clamping points are subtracted, and the rest points are clamped. Due to different free resilience, the resilience tendency and the magnitude of the left and right parts in the clamping state of the checking fixture are different (as shown in fig. 4a and 4 b).
And secondly, determining the parts and working procedures needing to be supplemented by the adjustment process. The examples relate to the following procedures:
a first step of drawing;
a second step of trimming;
and a third procedure of straight flanging.
Adjusting a workpiece: the clamping state comparison of the left and right parts in the checking fixture has the following two selection modes, namely a selection mode 1: the whole flanging of the A column area has a large material shortage tendency (as shown in figure 4 a); selection mode 2: and flanging the A column area to form a workpiece with a large material-carrying tendency. According to the comparison result of the clamping states of the left fender and the right fender shown in the figure 4, the left fender and the right fender are in a material shortage state, and according to the mode 1, a left piece (with a charging port) is selected to adjust the process supplement, namely, a material storage convex rib is added.
An adjustment procedure: fig. 4a and 4b show that the difference of the rebounds of the a pillar areas of the left fender and the right fender is large, and it can be confirmed that the rebounds are greatly influenced by the flanging forming of the a pillar areas and the product forming from the wheel opening to the a pillar according to the CAE analysis simulation process and the product forming characteristics. Therefore, the first process drawing and the third process straight flanging are finally selected. In order to ensure the consistency of the first procedure profile and the second procedure profile, the second procedure profile is adjusted along with the first procedure profile.
And thirdly, adding a process supplement material storage convex rib or a material suction convex rib.
In the embodiment of the invention, the flanging and starving phenomena of the wheel opening area and the A column area are serious, and a method for increasing material storage convex ribs is adopted:
1. and a material storage convex rib is added at the wheel opening of the first process. The left part and the right part are increased, but the number and the height of the material storage convex ribs of the left part (with a charging port) are both larger than those of the right part. The material storage convex ribs need to be confirmed within the product outline expansion line (namely the trimming line of the next procedure), the expansion line is ensured to be on the added convex rib cylindrical surface, the height of the material storage convex ribs is not higher than the product outline, the material storage convex ribs are uniformly distributed, and the attractiveness is ensured (as shown in fig. 5a and fig. 5 b). Through the process means, the material storage convex rib can be ensured to be effective, and the original process formability of the fender is not influenced. The left fender and the right fender are added with material storage convex ribs with different quantities and heights, and the purpose is to reserve debugging margin when the symmetry of the left fender and the right fender are debugged in the later stage of manufacturing.
2. And in the third procedure, a material storage convex rib is added in the vertical surface area of the straight flanging of the column A. The left part and the right part are increased, the quantity and the height of the material storage convex ribs of the left part (with the charging port) are larger than those of the right part, the material storage convex ribs are in a round head shape, and the upper ends of the material storage ribs are 5mm away from the flanging line (as shown in fig. 6a and fig. 6 b) for ensuring the quality of the finished product after the flanging is formed. The left fender and the right fender are added with material storage convex ribs with different quantities and heights, and the purpose is to reserve debugging margin when the symmetry of the left fender and the right fender are debugged in the later stage of manufacturing.
And fourthly, compensating the rebound value symmetrically according to the rebound area and the numerical value.
After the embodiment of the invention is adjusted in the above way, the rebound tendency and the magnitude of the left and right parts are basically consistent, in order to enable the dimension of the final product surface to be within the tolerance range, the catia software is used for locally raising the rebound value by using the wrapping surface command in the area with negative rebound value and locally reducing the rebound value by using the wrapping surface command in the area with positive rebound value, so as to symmetrically compensate the left and right fenders. The simulation analysis results after the symmetry compensation by the above method are shown in fig. 7 and 8.
In the process design and die debugging stages, springback can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the quantity, the height and other parameters of the first process material storage convex ribs and the third process material storage convex ribs according to the actual conditions on site, and finally the left and right fender sizes are controlled to be basically symmetrical. (the simulation analysis result compensated by the method is shown in fig. 7 and 8.) the invention is a product which is applied to the left and right parts and has asymmetric local modeling but symmetric size requirement;
according to the invention, after CAE software simulates springback compensation, the fact that material storage convex ribs or material absorption convex ribs are added in the drawing process of the first procedure and the straight flanging process of the third procedure is confirmed, and the theoretical clamping springback consistency of the left fender and the right fender is ensured;
the invention relates to a method for controlling the rebound size of an asymmetric product by performing symmetric compensation on the asymmetric product after adjusting the rebound tendency of a left fender and a right fender to be basically symmetric.
According to the invention, the material storage convex ribs with different quantities and heights are designed at the same time of drawing in the first process and directly flanging in the third process, so that sufficient debugging margin and means are provided for field debugging in the later stage.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. And those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of those in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The method for optimizing asymmetry of resilience of left and right parts of a fender is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the left and right fender products are asymmetric, the resilience is asymmetric, the flanging in the wheel opening area is short of materials, and a material storage convex rib is added at the wheel opening; the left part and the right part are increased, and the number and the height of the material storage convex ribs of the left part with the charging port are both larger than those of the right part; the material storage convex rib needs to be confirmed to be on an unfolding line of the product outline, namely, within the trimming line of the next procedure, the unfolding line is ensured to be on the added cylindrical surface of the material storage convex rib, and the height of the material storage convex rib is not higher than the product outline.
2. A method of optimizing a left and right fender spring back asymmetry according to claim 1, further comprising:
the flanging of the column A area is short of materials, and a material storage convex rib is added in the vertical surface area of the straight flanging of the column A; the piece all increases about, but takes the mouthful left side of charging to increase muscle quantity and highly all be greater than right piece.
3. A method of optimizing a left and right fender spring back asymmetry according to claim 2, further comprising:
the material storage convex ribs are uniformly distributed.
4. A method of optimizing a left and right fender spring back asymmetry according to claim 3 wherein:
the upper end of the material storage convex rib is more than 5mm away from the product flanging line.
5. A method of optimizing a left and right fender spring back asymmetry according to any of claims 1-4 wherein:
and determining a workpiece clamping reference before adding the material storage convex ribs.
The method for determining the workpiece clamping reference specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting an optimal clamping reference scheme according to the basic requirements of the clamping points of the workpiece checking fixture; the clamping reference selection principle comprises the following four points:
preferably clamping the surface A;
minimum clamping;
the clamping points are reasonably distributed;
special requirements of users;
according to the principle, determine the best centre gripping scheme of resilience compensation, the freedom resilience is different, and the left and right parts are different in resilience trend and magnitude under examining a fixture clamping state.
6. A method of optimizing a left and right fender spring back asymmetry according to claim 5, wherein:
after the clamping reference of the workpiece is determined, determining the workpiece and the working procedure which need to be supplemented by the adjustment process;
the method for determining the parts and the processes needing to be supplemented by the adjustment process comprises the following specific contents:
determining a workpiece needing to be supplemented by the adjustment process, comparing the clamping states of the left and right workpieces in the checking fixture, and selecting the workpiece with a large integral material shortage trend of the flanging of the A column area or selecting the workpiece with a large material excess trend of the flanging of the A column area;
determining a process needing to be supplemented by the adjustment process, wherein the rebound difference of the A column area is large, confirming that the rebound is greatly influenced by the flanging forming of the A column area and the product forming from the wheel opening to the A column according to the simulation process and the product forming characteristics, and finally selecting the flanging of the A column area.
7. A method of optimizing left and right fender spring back asymmetry according to claim 6 wherein:
after the material storage convex ribs are added, the size is symmetrically compensated according to the rebound area and the numerical value;
the size is compensated according to the rebound area and the numerical symmetry, which means that:
in order to enable the size of the final product surface to be within a tolerance range, the catia software locally bulges the springback value of the area with the negative springback value by using a wrapping surface command, and locally reduces the springback value of the area with the positive springback value by using the wrapping surface command, so that the left fender and the right fender are symmetrically compensated.
8. A method of optimizing a left and right fender spring back asymmetry according to claim 7 wherein:
in the process design and die debugging stages, springback is flexibly controlled by adjusting parameters such as the quantity, the height and the like of the material storage convex ribs according to the actual situation on site, and finally the sizes of the left fender and the right fender are controlled to be basically symmetrical.
9. A method of optimizing a left and right fender spring back asymmetry according to claim 8 wherein:
the method for optimizing the asymmetry of the resilience of the left and right parts of the fender is applied to products with asymmetric local shapes of the left and right parts and asymmetric resilience but symmetric size requirements.
10. A method of optimizing a left and right fender spring back asymmetry according to claim 9, further comprising:
the material storage convex rib is round-head-shaped.
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