CN115212671B - Ash discharging method, ash discharging system and yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying system - Google Patents

Ash discharging method, ash discharging system and yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN115212671B
CN115212671B CN202210830239.6A CN202210830239A CN115212671B CN 115212671 B CN115212671 B CN 115212671B CN 202210830239 A CN202210830239 A CN 202210830239A CN 115212671 B CN115212671 B CN 115212671B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
flue gas
ash
gas
yellow phosphorus
dust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202210830239.6A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN115212671A (en
Inventor
高麟
蒋敏
任德忠
林士全
吴志强
蒲柏林
曾伍祥
张君强
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Intermet Technology Chengdu Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Intermet Technology Chengdu Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Intermet Technology Chengdu Co Ltd filed Critical Intermet Technology Chengdu Co Ltd
Priority to CN202210830239.6A priority Critical patent/CN115212671B/en
Publication of CN115212671A publication Critical patent/CN115212671A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN115212671B publication Critical patent/CN115212671B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
    • B01D46/71—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter with pressurised gas, e.g. pulsed air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2411—Filter cartridges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
    • B01D46/48—Removing dust other than cleaning filters, e.g. by using collecting trays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D46/58—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in parallel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
    • B01D46/72—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter with backwash arms, shoes or nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/20—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C01B25/04—Purification of phosphorus
    • C01B25/047—Purification of phosphorus of yellow phosphorus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases

Abstract

The invention discloses an ash discharging method, an ash discharging system and a yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying system. An ash discharge method comprising: the air pressure in the dust remover and the air pressure in the ash washer are balanced through the pressure balancing device; discharging dust in the dust remover into the ash scrubber through a first ash discharging device; the dust in the dust washer is subjected to air washing by using the dust washing air through the dust washer, so that a cleaning target object in the dust is carried by the dust washing air and is output from a recovery pipeline; and discharging the dust in the ash scrubber through a second ash discharging device. Since the ash scrubber is used for air-washing the dust in the ash scrubber with the ash washing gas, the cleaning target (such as yellow phosphorus vapor) in the dust can be sufficiently removed, and the cleaning target can be sufficiently replaced by the ash washing gas.

Description

Ash discharging method, ash discharging system and yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying system
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of flue gas purification, in particular to a yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system, an industrial kiln flue gas purification device and a flue gas filtering dust removal device.
Background
Yellow phosphorus is an extremely important basic industrial raw material, is mainly used in a plurality of fields such as chemical industry, pesticides, military and the like, and especially the demand of the current lithium iron phosphate battery is increased to further pull the demand of yellow phosphorus to be improved. Because of high energy consumption, heavy pollution and prominent environmental risk problems in yellow phosphorus production, developed countries have stopped producing yellow phosphorus for many years, and China is currently the main country for producing yellow phosphorus. In recent years, with the continuous enhancement of environmental protection, the development of yellow phosphorus production technology towards the green direction is promoted to become a very important issue in the phosphorus chemical industry.
The applicant of the application has actively researched and popularized and applied yellow phosphorus green production technology in recent years. The applicant discloses in the patent document with publication number of CN103523762B, CN103508429B that the main technical idea of yellow phosphorus green production process is that yellow phosphorus flue gas discharged by a phosphorus furnace is filtered and dedusted by a flue gas filtering and dedusting device (the flue gas filtering and dedusting device physically intercepts dust in the yellow phosphorus flue gas through a filter core), and the temperature in the flue gas filtering and dedusting device can maintain yellow phosphorus in the yellow phosphorus flue gas above the dew point temperature, so that the yellow phosphorus is in a gaseous state, the dust content of the yellow phosphorus flue gas can be reduced to below 10-20 mg per standard by filtering and dedusting, and then the yellow phosphorus flue gas is condensed, so that the generation of mud phosphorus and sewage is greatly reduced, and the problem of high pollution in yellow phosphorus production is hopefully solved.
As the applicant goes deep into yellow phosphorus manufacturers to popularize and implement the yellow phosphorus green production process, the applicant also carries out updating iteration on the related technology according to the field condition, and in the process, new requirements or problems are often encountered.
The applicant discloses an ash discharging device and an ash discharging method in the patent document with the publication number of CN111359335A, and designs a two-stage ash discharging mode, namely, firstly discharging the dust into a middle tank, then inputting a replacement gas into the middle tank, thereby replacing yellow phosphorus vapor in the dust, and then discharging the dust in the middle tank, aiming at the problems that yellow phosphorus vapor is difficult to mix into the dust intercepted by the dust removing device, the yellow phosphorus belongs to a phase-change substance and has a burning explosion risk, and the dust with the yellow phosphorus vapor is directly discharged to have high risk. However, in actual practice, it was found that it was often difficult to adequately replace yellow phosphorus vapor with replacement gas alone, resulting in the risk of secondary ash discharge.
The applicant discloses a yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system in patent document with publication number of CN203513281U, and specifically provides the following scheme aiming at the problem that yellow phosphorus flue gas discharged from a phosphorus furnace needs to be heated and kept warm before dust removal to prevent liquid yellow phosphorus from precipitating: the phosphorus furnace is connected with a furnace gas dust collection system through a smoke exhaust pipeline, the smoke exhaust pipeline is provided with a gas ascending section and a gas descending section which are connected with each other, an inlet of the gas ascending section is connected with the phosphorus furnace, an outlet of the gas descending section is connected with the furnace gas dust collection system, an electric heater is arranged at the tail pipe section of the gas ascending section, and the starting end of the gas descending section is connected to the side of the tail pipe section of the gas ascending section. When the device works, yellow phosphorus flue gas from the phosphorus furnace flows from top to bottom in the gas ascending section, fully exchanges heat with the electric heater when reaching the tail pipe section, then changes direction to enter the starting end of the gas descending section, and dust particles in the gas flow impact the pipe wall under inertia, so that the dust particles settle along with the gas flow. Above-mentioned exhaust flue is based on promoting heat exchange efficiency mainly, promotes the purpose design that the dust subsided. The inventor of the application finds based on actual conditions that dust is gradually attached to a heating pipe of the electric heater due to high dust content in yellow phosphorus flue gas, and at this time, heat exchange efficiency is affected. In addition, the electric heater is specially arranged at the tail pipe section of the gas rising section so as to be in full contact with the gas flow, but the yellow phosphorus is easily promoted to be red phosphorus due to the fact that the heating temperature of the electric heater is high and the heating and the filtering are concentrated, so that the yield of the yellow phosphorus is reduced.
In addition, above-mentioned flue gas filtration dust collector mainly contains dust remover barrel and filter core, the filter core passes through the filter core mounting panel and installs in this dust remover barrel and separates into the former air chamber of lower part and the air-purifying room on upper portion with this dust remover barrel, be equipped with the air inlet that is used for receiving the yellow phosphorus flue gas that the phosphorus stove discharged on the former air chamber, be equipped with the gas vent that is used for exporting the yellow phosphorus flue gas after filtering dust removal purification on the air-purifying room, the bottom of dust remover barrel be equipped with the communicating discharge channel of former air chamber. The filter element in the flue gas filtering dust removing device is easy to adhere to dust, and the conventional filter element regeneration mode is back blowing ash removal regeneration. Back-blowing ash removal is a traditional technology of a flue gas filter, and a blowing pipe can be usually adopted to blow back to the air outlet of each filter element. However, the back-flushing ash removal cannot be performed simultaneously with the filtration, and therefore, the back-flushing ash removal can be periodically switched with the filtration only.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of at least one of the above technical problems, the following solutions are proposed.
In a first aspect, there is provided an ash discharge method comprising: the air pressure in the dust remover and the air pressure in the ash washer are balanced through the pressure balancing device; discharging dust in the dust remover into the ash scrubber through a first ash discharging device; the dust in the dust washer is subjected to air washing by using the dust washing air through the dust washer, so that a cleaning target object in the dust is carried by the dust washing air and is output from a recovery pipeline; and discharging the dust in the ash scrubber through a second ash discharging device.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the air washing is performed on the dust in the dust washer by using the dust washing air through the dust washer, so that the cleaning target in the dust is carried by the dust washing air, and the output from the recovery pipeline specifically includes: and (3) introducing ash washing gas into the ash washer, stirring dust in the ash washer by using the ash washing gas, and heating the dust at the same time, so that a cleaning target object in the dust is carried by the ash washing gas and is output from a recovery pipeline.
According to an embodiment of the application, the heating is achieved by feeding ash washing gas having a temperature higher than the temperature of the dust into the ash washer so as to heat the dust.
According to an embodiment of the application, the heating is achieved by a heating structure provided in the ash scrubber to heat the dust.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the air washing is performed on the dust in the dust washer by using the dust washing air through the dust washer, so that the cleaning target in the dust is carried by the dust washing air, and the output from the recovery pipeline specifically includes: and filtering and dedusting the gas-solid two-phase flow output from the recovery pipeline through an ash discharge auxiliary filter, guiding the filtered gas flow to a destination, and returning dust to the ash scrubber, wherein the destination can be a downstream conveying pipeline or receiving equipment of dedusted gas of the ash scrubber.
According to the embodiment of the application, in the process of implementing the air washing once, the volume of the ash washing gas is 3-10 times of the internal volume of the ash washing device. According to the embodiment of the application, the ash washing gas adopts nitrogen.
In a second aspect, there is provided an ash discharge system comprising: the pressure balancing device is used for balancing the air pressure in the dust remover with the air pressure in the ash washer; the first ash discharging device is arranged in a discharging channel between the dust remover and the ash washer and is used for discharging dust in the dust remover into the ash washer; the ash washer is used for carrying out air washing on dust in the ash washer by ash washing gas, so that a cleaning target object in the dust is carried by the ash washing gas and is output from the recovery pipeline; and the second ash discharging device is used for discharging the dust in the ash washer.
According to the embodiment of the application, the ash scrubber is provided with a heating structure for heating dust in the ash scrubber.
According to the embodiment of the application, the device further comprises an ash discharging auxiliary filter which is arranged above the ash washer and is positioned on the recovery pipeline, and the ash discharging auxiliary filter is used for filtering and dedusting gas-solid two-phase flow output from the recovery pipeline, guiding filtered gas flow to a destination and returning dust to the ash washer, wherein the destination can be a downstream conveying pipeline or receiving equipment of dedusted gas of the ash washer.
According to the embodiment of the application, the ash washing gas supply source or the ash washing gas conveying pipeline between the supply source and the ash washing device is provided with an ash washing gas heating device, and the ash washing gas heating device can adopt an electric heater.
According to the embodiment of the application, the ash washing gas outlet in the ash washing device is positioned at the lower part of the ash washing device and beside the discharge opening of the ash washing device.
According to the embodiment of the application, the dust remover is a mechanical dust remover, an electric dust remover or a smoke filtering dust remover which adopts a filter element to physically intercept dust in gas to be removed.
According to the embodiment of the application, the ash scrubber is provided with a fluidization structure, and the fluidization structure is used for fluidizing dust in the ash scrubber by utilizing the ash washing gas. According to the embodiment of the application, the ash washing gas adopts nitrogen.
In a third aspect, there is provided a yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning system comprising: the flue gas filtering and dust removing device is used for receiving yellow phosphorus flue gas from a phosphorus furnace, physically intercepting dust in the yellow phosphorus flue gas through a filter element under the temperature condition that yellow phosphorus in the yellow phosphorus flue gas is still in a gaseous state, and then outputting yellow phosphorus flue gas after filtering, dust removing and purifying; the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device is used for receiving the yellow phosphorus flue gas from the flue gas filtering and dust removing device, directly or indirectly condensing the yellow phosphorus flue gas through a cooling medium, converting the yellow phosphorus from a gas state to a liquid state, then storing the yellow phosphorus in a yellow phosphorus tank, and outputting tail gas; the smoke filtering and dust removing device adopts the ash discharging system of the second aspect, and the smoke filtering and dust removing device discharges dust out of the smoke filtering and dust removing device through the ash discharging system.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the flue gas filtering dust removal device comprises: the dust remover cylinder is internally divided into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom through an upper separation part and a lower separation part, and the dust remover cylinder is respectively provided with a flue gas inlet structure to be filtered, a flue gas exhaust structure and an ash discharge structure; the filter element is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet and a flue gas channel to be filtered, wherein the flue gas channel to be filtered is communicated with the air inlet and the air outlet; the bottom surface of the middle cavity is a slope surface, and the inclined direction of the slope surface can enable filtered smoke on the bottom surface of the middle cavity to flow in the direction of the filtered smoke exhaust structure.
According to the embodiment of the application, the device comprises a flue gas pretreatment device, a dust removing device and a dust removing device, wherein the flue gas pretreatment device is arranged between the phosphorus furnace and the flue gas filtering dust removing device and is used for receiving yellow phosphorus flue gas from the phosphorus furnace, pretreating the yellow phosphorus flue gas and outputting pretreated yellow phosphorus flue gas; the smoke filtering and dust removing device is used for receiving yellow phosphorus smoke from the smoke pretreatment device, physically intercepting dust in the yellow phosphorus smoke through the filter element under the temperature condition that yellow phosphorus in the yellow phosphorus smoke is still in a gaseous state, and then outputting yellow phosphorus smoke after filtering, dust removing and purifying; the flue gas pretreatment device comprises an air flow buffer, wherein the air flow buffer is provided with an air flow buffer cylinder, an air flow buffer space is formed in the air flow buffer cylinder, an air inlet for receiving yellow phosphorus flue gas discharged from a phosphorus discharge outlet and an air outlet for outputting pretreated yellow phosphorus flue gas are arranged on the air flow buffer space, and a discharging channel communicated with the air flow buffer space is arranged at the bottom of the air flow buffer cylinder; the flue gas pretreatment device adopts the ash discharging system of the second aspect, and the flue gas pretreatment device discharges dust out of the flue gas pretreatment device through the ash discharging system.
According to the ash discharging method, the ash discharging system and the yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying system, the ash in the ash washer is subjected to air washing by the ash washer, so that cleaning objects (such as yellow phosphorus vapor) in the ash can be sufficiently removed, and the cleaning objects can be sufficiently replaced by the ash washer.
In a fourth aspect, an industrial kiln flue gas cleaning device is provided, comprising: the flue gas pretreatment device is used for receiving flue gas discharged from the industrial kiln, pretreating the flue gas and outputting pretreated flue gas; the flue gas filtering and dust removing device is used for receiving the flue gas from the flue gas pretreatment device, physically intercepting dust in the flue gas through the filter element, and then outputting the flue gas after filtering, dust removing and purifying; the flue gas pretreatment device comprises an airflow buffer, wherein an airflow buffer space is formed in the airflow buffer, and an air inlet for receiving flue gas from the industrial kiln and an air outlet for outputting pretreated flue gas are arranged in the airflow buffer space; and an inner heat exchange channel and an outer heat exchange channel are arranged in the airflow buffering space along the flue gas conveying direction, the two ends of the inner heat exchange channel and the two ends of the outer heat exchange channel are respectively connected with a heat exchange medium input structure and a heat exchange medium output structure, and a flue gas conveying channel is formed between the inner heat exchange channel and the outer heat exchange channel.
According to the embodiment of the application, the air flow buffer comprises an air flow buffer cylinder body, the outer heat exchange channel comprises an interlayer arranged in the wall of the air flow buffer cylinder body, an inner heat exchange tube is arranged in the air flow buffer cylinder body along the flue gas conveying direction, the inner heat exchange channel comprises a tube cavity of the inner heat exchange tube, and the bottom of the air flow buffer cylinder body is provided with a discharging structure communicated with the flue gas conveying channel.
According to the embodiment of the application, the inner heat exchange tube and the central axis of the air flow buffer cylinder are coaxially arranged; and a smoke conveying channel with an annular structure is formed between the inner wall of the airflow buffer cylinder body and the inner heat exchange tube.
According to the embodiment of the application, the harrow frame is installed at the top of the air flow buffer cylinder body, one part of the harrow frame is positioned in the air flow buffer cylinder body and provided with a first harrow material ash removing structure matched with the inner wall of the air flow buffer cylinder body and a second harrow material ash removing structure matched with the outer wall of the inner heat exchange tube respectively, and the other part of the harrow frame is positioned outside the air flow buffer cylinder body and connected with the lifting driving mechanism.
According to the embodiment of the application, a flue gas separation structure is arranged in the flue gas conveying channel to separate the flue gas conveying channel into an inner conveying channel and an outer conveying channel, the inner conveying channel is communicated with the outer conveying channel in series through a turning flow channel positioned in the air flow buffer space, the inner conveying channel is positioned on the adjacent side of the inner heat exchange channel, and the outer conveying channel is positioned on the adjacent side of the outer heat exchange channel.
According to the embodiment of the application, the flue gas separation structure comprises a flow guide pipe coaxially arranged with the inner heat exchange pipe and sleeved between the outer side of the inner heat exchange pipe and the inner side of the air flow buffer cylinder, an inner conveying channel with an annular structure is formed between the flow guide pipe and the inner heat exchange pipe, an outer conveying channel with an annular structure is formed between the flow guide pipe and the air flow buffer cylinder, and the inner conveying channel is communicated with the outer conveying channel in series through a turning flow channel positioned at the end part of the air flow buffer cylinder.
According to the embodiment of the application, the air inlet is located at the lower side part of the air flow buffer cylinder and is communicated with the lower end of the flow guide pipe, and the air outlet is located at the lower side part of the air flow buffer cylinder and is communicated with the lower end of the outer conveying channel.
According to this application embodiment, flue gas preprocessing device and/or flue gas filtration dust collector adopts the ash system that unloads, the ash system that unloads includes: the pressure balancing device is used for balancing the air pressure in the flue gas pretreatment device and/or the flue gas filtering and dust removing device with the air pressure in the ash scrubber; the first ash discharging device is arranged in an unloading channel between the flue gas pretreatment device and/or the flue gas filtering and dust removing device and the ash washer and is used for discharging dust in the flue gas pretreatment device and/or the flue gas filtering and dust removing device into the ash washer; the ash washer is used for carrying out air washing on dust in the ash washer by ash washing gas, so that a cleaning target object in the dust is carried by the ash washing gas and is output from the recovery pipeline; and the second ash discharging device is used for discharging the dust in the ash washer.
In a fifth aspect, there is provided a yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning system comprising: the flue gas pretreatment device is used for receiving yellow phosphorus flue gas from the phosphorus furnace, pretreating the yellow phosphorus flue gas and outputting pretreated yellow phosphorus flue gas; the smoke filtering and dust removing device is used for receiving the yellow phosphorus smoke from the smoke pretreatment device, physically intercepting dust in the yellow phosphorus smoke through the filter element under the temperature condition that the yellow phosphorus in the yellow phosphorus smoke is still in a gaseous state, and then outputting the yellow phosphorus smoke after filtering, dust removing and purifying; the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device is used for receiving the yellow phosphorus flue gas from the flue gas filtering and dust removing device, directly or indirectly condensing the yellow phosphorus flue gas through a cooling medium, converting the yellow phosphorus from a gas state to a liquid state, then storing the yellow phosphorus in a yellow phosphorus tank, and outputting tail gas; wherein, the flue gas pretreatment device adopts the flue gas pretreatment device of the fourth aspect.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the flue gas filtering dust removal device comprises: the dust remover cylinder is internally divided into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom through an upper separation part and a lower separation part, and the dust remover cylinder is respectively provided with a flue gas inlet structure to be filtered, a flue gas exhaust structure and an ash discharge structure; the filter element is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet and a flue gas channel to be filtered, wherein the flue gas channel to be filtered is communicated with the air inlet and the air outlet; the bottom surface of the middle cavity is a slope surface, and the inclined direction of the slope surface can enable filtered smoke on the bottom surface of the middle cavity to flow in the direction of the filtered smoke exhaust structure.
According to the embodiment of the application, the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device comprises a plurality of spray towers, wherein the spray towers directly spray cooling water with a certain temperature to yellow phosphorus flue gas to enable the yellow phosphorus to be converted into liquid from gas and then stored in a yellow phosphorus tank, and meanwhile, tail gas is output; the flue gas pretreatment device is formed by reforming a spray tower in the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device, and the flue gas pretreatment device and the rest spray towers in the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device are arranged in parallel.
In the flue gas pretreatment device adopted by the industrial kiln flue gas purification device and the yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system, an inner heat exchange channel and an outer heat exchange channel are arranged in the air flow buffer space along the flue gas conveying direction, the inner heat exchange channel and the outer heat exchange channel are respectively connected with a heat exchange medium input structure and a heat exchange medium output structure, and a flue gas conveying channel is formed between the inner heat exchange channel and the outer heat exchange channel, so that the heat exchange area of the flue gas conveying channel formed between the inner heat exchange channel and the outer heat exchange channel is larger, and the heat transfer is more uniform.
Therefore, the heat exchange medium in the inner heat exchange channel and the heat exchange medium in the outer heat exchange channel can adopt the heat exchange medium (such as nitrogen with the temperature of 200 ℃) which is lower than that of the electric heater, so that the problem that yellow phosphorus is converted into red phosphorus by concentrated heating is effectively solved, and meanwhile, when the temperature fluctuation of yellow phosphorus flue gas output by the phosphorus furnace is large, the temperature fluctuation of the yellow phosphorus flue gas output by the flue gas conveying channel is small, namely the flue gas pretreatment device has stronger adaptability to the flue gas temperature fluctuation.
In a sixth aspect, there is provided a flue gas filtration dust removal device comprising: the dust remover cylinder is internally divided into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom through an upper separation part and a lower separation part, and the dust remover cylinder is respectively provided with a flue gas inlet structure to be filtered, a flue gas exhaust structure and an ash discharge structure; the filter element is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet and a flue gas channel to be filtered, wherein the flue gas channel to be filtered is communicated with the air inlet and the air outlet; the bottom surface of the middle cavity is a slope surface, and the inclined direction of the slope surface can enable filtered smoke on the bottom surface of the middle cavity to flow in the direction of the filtered smoke exhaust structure.
According to an embodiment of the application, the lower partition member includes a bottom partition plate on which the exhaust port of the cartridge is mounted, the bottom partition plate constituting a bottom surface of the middle chamber.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the upper partition member includes an upper partition plate on which the air inlet of the filter cartridge is mounted.
According to the embodiment of the application, the flue gas inlet structure to be filtered comprises an air inlet pipe, the central axis of the air inlet pipe is vertical to the central axis of the dust remover barrel in space, and the central axis of the air inlet pipe is tangential to a circle formed by taking the central axis of the dust remover barrel as a circle center.
According to an embodiment of the application, the filtered flue gas exhaust structure comprises an exhaust pipe, a central axis of which is perpendicularly intersected with a central axis of the dust collector cylinder, and a central axis of which is parallel with a central axis of the air inlet pipe.
According to the embodiment of the application, the lower part of the dust remover cylinder body comprises a conical cylinder body with the diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the bottom of the conical cylinder body is provided with the ash discharging structure.
According to the embodiment of the application, the filter element is a tubular filter element, and one end of the tubular filter element is an air inlet of the filter element, and the other end of the tubular filter element is an air outlet of the filter element. According to an embodiment of the present application, the filter element is a metal or ceramic filter element.
According to the embodiment of the application, the bottom surface of the middle cavity is formed by a first inclined plane and a second inclined plane, the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are intersected with each other on a bottom edge line, the bottom edge line is inclined downwards from top to bottom and forms the lowest position of the bottom surface of the middle cavity, the lower end of the bottom edge line is intersected with the bottom edge of the filtered flue gas exhaust structure on the inner wall of one side of the middle cavity, and the upper end of the bottom edge line is intersected with the inner wall of the other side of the middle cavity.
According to an embodiment of the present application, an included angle between the bottom ridge and the horizontal plane is 5 ° -10 °, and an included angle between the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane and the horizontal plane is 5 ° -10 °, respectively.
In a seventh aspect, a yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning system is provided, comprising: the flue gas filtering and dust removing device is used for receiving yellow phosphorus flue gas from a phosphorus furnace, physically intercepting dust in the yellow phosphorus flue gas through a filter element under the temperature condition that yellow phosphorus in the yellow phosphorus flue gas is still in a gaseous state, and then outputting yellow phosphorus flue gas after filtering, dust removing and purifying; the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device is used for receiving the yellow phosphorus flue gas from the flue gas filtering and dust removing device, directly or indirectly condensing the yellow phosphorus flue gas through a cooling medium, converting the yellow phosphorus from a gas state to a liquid state, then storing the yellow phosphorus in a yellow phosphorus tank, and outputting tail gas; the flue gas filtering and dust removing device adopts the flue gas filtering and dust removing device of the sixth aspect.
When the flue gas filtering and dedusting device is operated, flue gas to be filtered enters the upper cavity from the flue gas inlet structure to be filtered, then flows downwards along the flue gas channel to be filtered from the air inlet of the filter element, in the process, filtered flue gas filtered by the filter element enters the middle cavity and then is discharged from the flue gas exhaust structure to be filtered, and dust in the flue gas to be filtered flows downwards and is discharged from the air outlet of the filter element by means of gravity. Therefore, the flue gas filtering dust removal device can utilize the flue gas to be filtered to help the filter element to discharge ash and wash the filtering surface of the filter element, and the regeneration of the filter element is realized during the filtration.
Because the bottom surface of middle part cavity is domatic, the inclined direction of domatic can make the filterable flue gas of the bottom surface of middle part cavity produce to incline trend filterable flue gas exhaust structure direction flows, like this, when filterable flue gas is inflammable and explosive gas such as yellow phosphorus flue gas, this structure can effectively avoid filterable flue gas to pile up at the bottom surface of middle part cavity, prevents to gather under the circumstances such as dust remover barrel leakage, flue gas filtration dust collector switch-on and off and mix filterable flue gas and the air of the bottom surface of middle part cavity and take place the explosion.
In an eighth aspect, there is provided a yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning system comprising: the flue gas filtering and dust removing device is used for receiving yellow phosphorus flue gas from a phosphorus furnace, physically intercepting dust in the yellow phosphorus flue gas through a filter element under the temperature condition that yellow phosphorus in the yellow phosphorus flue gas is still in a gaseous state, and then outputting yellow phosphorus flue gas after filtering, dust removing and purifying; the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device is used for receiving the yellow phosphorus flue gas from the flue gas filtering and dust removing device, directly or indirectly condensing the yellow phosphorus flue gas through a cooling medium, converting the yellow phosphorus from a gas state to a liquid state, then storing the yellow phosphorus in a yellow phosphorus tank, and outputting tail gas, wherein the tail gas is mainly coal gas; the tail gas temperature control and recycling device is used for receiving the tail gas from the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device, controlling the tail gas within a required temperature range and then conveying the tail gas to a flue gas conveying channel between the phosphorus furnace and the flue gas filtering and dust removing device; after the tail gas is mixed with the yellow phosphorus flue gas from the phosphorus furnace, the yellow phosphorus gas in the yellow phosphorus flue gas and the coal gas in the tail gas are layered due to different specific gravities, and the heat preservation is carried out through the yellow phosphorus gas layer of the coal gas layer.
According to the embodiment of the application, the connection point of the tail gas temperature control and recycling device and the flue gas conveying channel is set as a starting point, the yellow phosphorus flue gas output end of the flue gas filtering and dust removing device is set as an ending point, and no rising section exists in the yellow phosphorus flue gas flow path from the starting point to the ending point.
According to this application embodiment, flue gas filters dust collector, include: the dust remover cylinder is internally divided into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom through an upper separation part and a lower separation part, and the dust remover cylinder is respectively provided with a flue gas inlet structure to be filtered, a flue gas exhaust structure and an ash discharge structure; the filter element is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet and a flue gas channel to be filtered, wherein the flue gas channel to be filtered is communicated with the air inlet and the air outlet; the bottom surface of the middle cavity is a slope surface, and the inclined direction of the slope surface can enable filtered smoke on the bottom surface of the middle cavity to flow in the direction of the filtered smoke exhaust structure.
According to an embodiment of the application, the lower partition member includes a bottom partition plate on which the exhaust port of the cartridge is mounted, the bottom partition plate constituting a bottom surface of the middle chamber.
According to the embodiment of the application, the flue gas inlet structure to be filtered comprises an air inlet pipe, the central axis of the air inlet pipe is vertical to the central axis of the dust remover barrel in space, and the central axis of the air inlet pipe is tangential to a circle formed by taking the central axis of the dust remover barrel as a circle center.
According to an embodiment of the application, the filtered flue gas exhaust structure comprises an exhaust pipe, a central axis of which is perpendicularly intersected with a central axis of the dust collector cylinder, and a central axis of which is parallel with a central axis of the air inlet pipe.
According to the embodiment of the application, the bottom surface of the middle cavity is formed by a first inclined plane and a second inclined plane, the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are intersected with each other on a bottom edge line, the bottom edge line is inclined downwards from top to bottom and forms the lowest position of the bottom surface of the middle cavity, the lower end of the bottom edge line is intersected with the bottom edge of the filtered flue gas exhaust structure on the inner wall of one side of the middle cavity, and the upper end of the bottom edge line is intersected with the inner wall of the other side of the middle cavity.
According to the embodiment of the application, the tail gas temperature control and recycling device comprises a tail gas reflux branch connected with a tail gas output pipeline of the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device, one end of the tail gas reflux branch is connected to the tail gas output pipeline of the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device, and the other end of the tail gas reflux branch is connected to the flue gas conveying channel; the tail gas return branch is sequentially connected with a gas dehydrator and a gas heater in series, and the tail gas return branch is connected with a cold gas regulating valve in parallel with the gas heater.
According to the embodiment of the application, the tail gas temperature control and recycling device controls the tail gas to be 20-100 ℃ higher than the dew point temperature of yellow phosphorus gas, preferably 30-80 ℃ higher than the dew point temperature of yellow phosphorus gas.
According to this application embodiment, flue gas filtration dust collector adopts the ash system that unloads, the ash system that unloads includes: the pressure balancing device is used for balancing the air pressure in the dust remover with the air pressure in the ash washer; the first ash discharging device is arranged in a discharging channel between the dust remover and the ash washer and is used for discharging dust in the dust remover into the ash washer; the ash washer is used for carrying out air washing on dust in the ash washer by ash washing gas, so that a cleaning target object in the dust is carried by the ash washing gas and is output from the recovery pipeline; and the second ash discharging device is used for discharging the dust in the ash washer.
The yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system utilizes the characteristic that yellow phosphorus gas and coal gas are easy to delaminate due to different specific gravities, and the tail gas temperature control and recycling device is used for controlling the temperature of the coal gas and recycling the coal gas into the flue gas conveying channel, and the temperature of the yellow phosphorus gas can be effectively controlled by the yellow phosphorus gas layer of the coal gas layer for heat preservation, so that the yellow phosphorus flue gas is prevented from precipitating liquid yellow phosphorus before filtering and dedusting.
The present application is further described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description. Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, are included to provide an understanding of the present application, and in which are shown by way of illustration, and not limitation, specific examples of which are given herein.
Fig. 1 is an overall flow schematic diagram of a yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan layout of the yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning system shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas pretreatment device in a yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas filtering and dust removing device in a yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying system according to an embodiment of the application.
Fig. 6 is a left side view of the smoke filter dust collector of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a top view of the smoke filter dust collector of fig. 5.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the present application based on these descriptions. Before describing the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be noted in particular that:
the technical solutions and technical features provided in the respective sections including the following description may be combined with each other without conflict. Furthermore, the described embodiments, features, and combinations of features can be combined as desired and claimed in any given application.
The embodiments of the present application referred to in the following description are typically only a few, but not all, embodiments, based on which all other embodiments, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden, are within the scope of patent protection.
With respect to terms and units in this specification: the terms "comprising," "including," "having," and any variations thereof, in this specification and the corresponding claims and related parts, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. Furthermore, other related terms and units may be reasonably construed based on the description provided herein.
The applicant discloses in the patent document with publication number of CN103523762B, CN103508429B a main technical idea of yellow phosphorus green production technology for the first time, namely, yellow phosphorus flue gas discharged by a phosphorus furnace is filtered and dedusted by a flue gas filtering and dedusting device, dust in the yellow phosphorus flue gas is physically intercepted by the flue gas filtering and dedusting device through a filter element, in the process, the temperature in the flue gas filtering and dedusting device can maintain yellow phosphorus in the yellow phosphorus flue gas above the dew point temperature, so that the yellow phosphorus is in a gaseous state, the dust content of the yellow phosphorus flue gas can be reduced to be below 10-20 mg per standard (even below 5-10 mg per standard), and then the yellow phosphorus flue gas is condensed, thereby greatly reducing the generation of mud phosphorus and sewage, and hopefully fundamentally solving the problem of high pollution in yellow phosphorus production.
The temperature in the flue gas filtering and dust removing device can maintain the yellow phosphorus in the yellow phosphorus flue gas above the dew point temperature, so the flue gas filtering and dust removing device can be also called a high-temperature flue gas filtering and dust removing device. The core is that the filter material used by the filter element can not only endure higher temperature (the recommended temperature range is given in CN103523762B, CN103508429B and is not repeated here), but also ensure higher filtering efficiency and filtering flux, the filtering effect can be represented by the dust content of yellow phosphorus flue gas after filtering and dedusting, and the filtering flux can be represented by the volume of gas filtered per unit filtering area in unit time.
During the use of the filter element, dust is attached to the filtering surface of the filter element, so that the filtering flux gradually decreases. The conventional mode is to carry out back-blowing ash removal regeneration on the filter element. Back-blowing ash removal is a traditional technology of a flue gas filter, and a blowing pipe can be usually adopted to blow back to the air outlet of each filter element. However, the back-flushing ash removal cannot be performed simultaneously with the filtration, and therefore, the back-flushing ash removal can be periodically switched with the filtration only. Besides the back-blowing ash removal of the filter element, when the filter element is seriously polluted and the filtering flux can not be effectively recovered through the back-blowing ash removal, the filter element can be further regenerated.
Due to the arrangement of the flue gas filtering and dust removing device, a series of specific problems of how to reduce the influence of the flue gas filtering and dust removing device on the yellow phosphorus production process, how to realize ash discharging of the flue gas filtering and dust removing device, how to control the temperature of yellow phosphorus flue gas which is about to enter the flue gas filtering and dust removing device, how to regenerate a filter element of the flue gas filtering and dust removing device and the like are correspondingly brought, and related technologies are formed aiming at the specific problems.
Along with the deep popularization and implementation of yellow phosphorus green production process by the applicant, the applicant also carries out updating iteration on the related technology according to the field condition, so that the applicant sequentially submits patent applications such as publication number/bulletin number CN203513281U, CN111359335A, CN104645732A and the like.
In CN111359335a, an ash discharging device and an ash discharging method are disclosed, and a two-stage ash discharging method is designed, namely, firstly discharging the dust into a middle tank, then inputting a replacement gas into the middle tank, thereby replacing yellow phosphorus vapor in the dust, and then discharging the dust in the middle tank, aiming at the problems that yellow phosphorus vapor is difficult to mix into the dust intercepted by the dust removing device, yellow phosphorus is an easy phase change substance, has a burning explosion risk, and has high risk of directly discharging the dust with the yellow phosphorus vapor.
However, in actual practice, it was found that it was often difficult to adequately replace yellow phosphorus vapor with replacement gas alone, resulting in the risk of secondary ash discharge.
CN203513281U discloses a yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system, which aims at the problems that yellow phosphorus flue gas discharged from a phosphorus furnace needs to be heated and insulated before dust removal to prevent liquid yellow phosphorus from precipitating, and specifically provides the following scheme: the phosphorus furnace is connected with a furnace gas dust collection system through a smoke exhaust pipeline, the smoke exhaust pipeline is provided with a gas ascending section and a gas descending section which are connected with each other, an inlet of the gas ascending section is connected with the phosphorus furnace, an outlet of the gas descending section is connected with the furnace gas dust collection system, an electric heater is arranged at the tail pipe section of the gas ascending section, and the starting end of the gas descending section is connected to the side of the tail pipe section of the gas ascending section. When the device works, yellow phosphorus flue gas from the phosphorus furnace flows from top to bottom in the gas ascending section, reaches the tail pipe section, exchanges heat with the electric heater sufficiently, and then changes direction to enter the starting end of the gas descending section, dust particles in the gas flow impact the pipe wall under inertia, and accordingly the dust particles settle along with the gas flow.
Above-mentioned exhaust flue is based on promoting heat exchange efficiency mainly, promotes the purpose design that the dust subsided. The inventor of the application finds based on actual conditions that dust is gradually attached to a heating pipe of the electric heater due to high dust content in yellow phosphorus flue gas, and at this time, heat exchange efficiency is affected. In addition, the electric heater is specially arranged at the tail pipe section of the gas rising section so as to be in full contact with the gas flow, but the yellow phosphorus is easily promoted to be red phosphorus due to the fact that the heating temperature of the electric heater is high and the heating and the filtering are concentrated, so that the yield of the yellow phosphorus is reduced.
In CN104645732a, a method for regenerating a gas filter core is disclosed, aiming at the problems that the filtering holes on the surface of the filter core in a flue gas filtering and dust removing device are blocked and the conventional back blowing ash removing is difficult to effectively recover the filtering flux, after the flue gas filtering and dust removing device is stopped, mixed combustion-supporting gas with the oxygen content of 0.01% -1.99% and the rest of nitrogen is introduced into the flue gas filtering and dust removing device, so that all the filter cores in the flue gas filtering and dust removing device are integrally arranged in the mixed combustion-supporting gas, and the combustion-supporting gas and the impurities such as dust, tar and/or yellow phosphorus deposited on the surface of the filter core are subjected to controllable combustion oxidation reaction at the set temperature of 100-900 ℃, and the gas after the oxidation reaction is discharged through an exhaust structure.
However, the regeneration method needs to trigger combustion and generate high temperature in the flue gas filtering and dust removing device, and has higher requirements on the high temperature resistance of the flue gas filtering and dust removing device and the filter element thereof, thereby increasing the implementation cost.
In addition, current flue gas filters dust collector mainly contains dust remover barrel and filter core, the filter core passes through the filter core mounting panel and installs in this dust remover barrel and separates into the former air chamber of lower part and the air-purifying chamber on upper portion with this dust remover barrel, be equipped with the air inlet that is used for receiving the yellow phosphorus flue gas that the phosphorus stove discharged on the former air chamber, be equipped with the gas vent that is used for exporting the yellow phosphorus flue gas after filtering dust removal purification on the air-purifying chamber, the bottom of dust remover barrel be equipped with the communicating discharge channel of former air chamber.
In the flue gas filtering and dust removing device, the gas-phase matters in the yellow phosphorus flue gas mainly comprise yellow phosphorus gas and coal gas, and the specific gravity of the yellow phosphorus gas is larger than that of the coal gas, so that the yellow phosphorus gas is easy to accumulate at the bottom of the gas-purifying chamber, and the corners at the bottom of the gas-purifying chamber always contain yellow phosphorus, such as leakage of a dust remover cylinder body, startup and shutdown of the flue gas filtering and dust removing device and the like, and once the yellow phosphorus accumulated at the bottom of the gas-purifying chamber is mixed with air, explosion is easy to occur.
Embodiments related to the present application will be described below, which may solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems when implemented alone, and two or more of the above-mentioned technical problems when implemented in combination.
Fig. 1 is an overall flow schematic diagram of a yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 2 is a schematic plan layout of the yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning system shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1-2, the yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system mainly comprises: a flue gas pretreatment device 200 (i.e. a pretreatment device in fig. 1), a flue gas filtration dust removal device 300 (i.e. a filter in fig. 1), and a yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device 400.
The flue gas pretreatment device 200 is disposed between the phosphorus furnace 100 and the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300, and is configured to receive yellow phosphorus flue gas from the phosphorus furnace 100, pretreat the yellow phosphorus flue gas, and then output pretreated yellow phosphorus flue gas.
The flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300 is used for receiving the yellow phosphorus flue gas from the flue gas pretreatment device 200, physically intercepting dust in the yellow phosphorus flue gas through a filter element under the temperature condition that the yellow phosphorus in the yellow phosphorus flue gas is still in a gaseous state, and then outputting the yellow phosphorus flue gas after filtering, dust removing and purifying.
The yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device 400 is configured to receive the yellow phosphorus flue gas from the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300, and directly or indirectly condense the yellow phosphorus flue gas through a cooling medium, so that the yellow phosphorus is converted from a gas state to a liquid state, and then stored in the yellow phosphorus tank 410 (i.e. the phosphorus receiving tank in fig. 1), and meanwhile, output tail gas.
Wherein, at least one function of the flue gas pretreatment device 200 is to further reduce the influence of the air pressure fluctuation of the phosphorus furnace 100 on the flue gas filtering dust removal device 300 through the buffering function of the air flow buffer, and protect the phosphorus furnace 100 to reduce the operation safety hidden trouble thereof.
Thus, the flue gas pretreatment device 200 comprises at least a gas flow buffer. Generally, the air flow buffer has an air flow buffer cylinder in which an air flow buffer space is formed, and an air inlet for receiving yellow phosphorus flue gas discharged from the phosphorus furnace 100 and an air outlet for outputting pretreated yellow phosphorus flue gas are provided on the air flow buffer space.
During the operation of the phosphorus furnace 100, a negative pressure is sometimes generated due to sudden collapse of the furnace burden (the phosphorus furnace 100 is specifically an electric furnace), and the air flow buffer can actually protect the phosphorus furnace 100 under the negative pressure because the negative pressure can cause air to be sucked into the phosphorus furnace 100 and be contacted with yellow phosphorus to cause explosion.
The flue gas pretreatment device 200 generally has a function of mechanically pre-dedusting yellow phosphorus flue gas. For example, the large particle dust in the yellow phosphorus flue gas is removed by utilizing natural principles such as gravity sedimentation, inertial separation and the like. Thus, if the flue gas pretreatment device 200 is viewed from the perspective of mechanical pre-dust removal, it may also be referred to as a mechanical dust remover.
The flue gas pretreatment device 200 can utilize a variety of different structures to achieve mechanical pre-dust removal. One simple implementation is to directly utilize the airflow buffer cylinder to achieve gravity settling of the dust. In other embodiments, the mechanical pre-dust removal can be realized by referring to the related structures of mechanical dust removers such as a gravity dust remover, an inertial dust remover, a cyclone dust remover and the like. Generally, a discharging channel which is communicated with the air flow buffer space is arranged at the bottom of the flue gas pretreatment device 200 (air flow buffer cylinder) for discharging dust.
The flue gas pretreatment device 200 may further be provided with a heat exchanger for heating yellow phosphorus flue gas, so as to avoid the liquid yellow phosphorus precipitation caused by cooling of the yellow phosphorus flue gas before passing through the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300, and further cause the blockage caused by the adhesion of yellow phosphorus and dust inside the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300 and the inner wall of a related pipeline. In an alternative embodiment, the heat exchanger is in particular an electric heater. The heat exchanger may be disposed in the airflow damper cylinder.
Generally, the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300 comprises a dust remover cylinder, the filter element is installed in the dust remover cylinder through a filter element installation plate and divides the dust remover cylinder into a lower original air chamber and an upper air purifying chamber, an air inlet for receiving yellow phosphorus flue gas to be filtered, dedusted and purified is arranged on the original air chamber, an air outlet for outputting yellow phosphorus flue gas after filtering, dedusting and purifying is arranged on the air purifying chamber, and a discharging channel communicated with the original air chamber is arranged at the bottom of the dust remover cylinder.
In addition, in general, the flue gas filtering dust removing apparatus 300 further includes a filter element back-blowing dust removing structure for applying compressed gas from the clean air chamber to the filter element in a direction opposite to the filtering direction. Here, the compressed gas is typically nitrogen.
In a general embodiment, the filter element back-blowing ash removing structure comprises a compressed gas conveying pipe, wherein a part of the compressed gas conveying pipe is positioned in the air purifying chamber in the dust remover cylinder body and is distributed with blowing openings corresponding to the output ports of the filter element; the other part of the compressed gas conveying pipe is positioned outside the dust remover cylinder body and is connected with a compressed gas source through a control valve. The compressed air source may be an air bag. In other embodiments, the filter element back-blowing ash removal structure can also adopt back-blowing technologies such as venturi back-blowing and the like.
As can be seen from fig. 1, two flue gas filtering and dust removing devices 300 are connected in parallel between the flue gas pretreatment device 200 and the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device 400 through pipes and valves. The selection of which of the two smoke filter dust collectors 300 to use may be made by controlling the valves. The discharge channel of each flue gas filtering dust removal device 300 discharges ash through an ash discharge system.
In a general embodiment, the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery apparatus 400 employs more than 2 spray towers 420 (i.e. the condensation towers in fig. 1) which can be connected in parallel or in series, and the spray towers 420 directly spray cooling water with a certain temperature to the yellow phosphorus flue gas to convert the yellow phosphorus from a gas state to a liquid state, then store the yellow phosphorus in the yellow phosphorus tank 410, and output tail gas.
In other embodiments, the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery apparatus 400 may employ a dedicated phosphorus recovery apparatus such as that provided in patent document CN103708432B filed by the applicant for indirect condensation and recovery of yellow phosphorus.
An emergency water seal 510 is further connected between the phosphorus furnace 100 and one of the spray towers 420 (the spray tower 420 is usually the first spray tower 420 or the second spray tower 420), so that when the air pressure of the phosphorus furnace 100 suddenly increases, yellow phosphorus flue gas bypasses the flue gas pretreatment device 200 and the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300 and is directly conveyed to the spray tower 420, thereby playing a role of protecting the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300.
In addition, the tail gas output pipeline of the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device 400 is also provided with a total water seal 520, a safety water seal 530, an alkaline washing tower 540 and a water ring vacuum pump 550 in sequence.
The function of the total water seal 520 is to diffuse the gas when the system air pressure exceeds the set total safety threshold, thus playing a role in total safety protection. The safety water seal 530 mainly cuts off the output of the exhaust gas when needed.
The alkaline tower 540 is used for alkaline washing the tail gas with alkaline liquid to neutralize acidic substances in the tail gas, protect downstream equipment and reduce the risk of environmental pollution.
The water ring vacuum pump 550 provides the primary power for the yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning system. In addition, a fan (not shown in fig. 1) is also typically provided between the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device 400 and the flue gas filtration dust removal device 300.
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan layout of the yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning system shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 2, the flue gas pretreatment device 200 and the rest of the spray towers 420 in the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device 400 are arranged in parallel and have the same diameter. This is because the flue gas pretreatment device 200 is modified from the original first spray tower 420 of the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device 400. Therefore, the mode can fully utilize the existing yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system, and the yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system is modified into the yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system in the embodiment of the application.
In fig. 1-2, the ash discharge system specifically includes: a pressure balancing device 610, a first ash discharge device, an ash scrubber 620, and a second ash discharge device.
Wherein the pressure balancing device 610 is configured to balance the air pressure in the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300 with the air pressure in the ash scrubber 620, so that the dust in the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300 can be conveniently discharged into the ash scrubber 620.
Preferably, the pressure balancing device 610 is a pressure balancing pipe connected to the original air chamber of the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300 and the internal cavity of the ash scrubber 620, and the pressure balancing pipe is provided with a valve, so that when the valve is opened, the air pressure of the original air chamber of the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300 and the air pressure of the internal cavity of the ash scrubber 620 can be balanced and consistent.
The first ash discharging device is disposed in a discharging channel between the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300 and the ash scrubber 620, and is used for discharging the dust in the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300 into the ash scrubber 620. The first ash handling means typically employs a discharge valve.
The ash scrubber 620 is configured to perform gas scrubbing of the dust in the ash scrubber 620 with ash scrubbing gas, so that a cleaning target (yellow phosphorus gas) in the dust is carried by the ash scrubbing gas and is output from a recovery line. The gas washing here, i.e. the rapid stirring of the dust in the scrubber 620 by the ash washing gas, functions similarly to fluidization. The ash gas is typically nitrogen. Obviously, yellow phosphorus vapor in dust can be fully removed through air washing, and the ash washing air can fully replace the yellow phosphorus vapor.
In order to achieve rapid agitation of dust in the scrubber 620 by the scrubber, the scrubber outlet in the scrubber 620 is located at the lower part of the scrubber 620 and beside the discharge opening of the scrubber 620.
In addition, a fluidization structure may be provided in the ash scrubber 620 to fluidize dust inside the ash scrubber using the ash scrubber gas. The fluidization structure may be a porous material so as to disperse the ash gas to the interior of the ash scrubber 620. In this way, the dust can be made more agitated.
In the air washing process, the dust can be heated at the same time. The heating may be achieved by passing a purge gas having a temperature higher than the temperature of the dust to the purge vessel to heat the dust; and/or the heating may be achieved by a heating structure (e.g. a thermal jacket) provided in the ash scrubber to heat the ash.
Preferably, the heating is performed by heating the dust by supplying ash washing gas having a temperature higher than that of the dust to the ash washer, and by heating the dust by a heating structure provided in the ash washer.
The ash washing gas supply source (such as a nitrogen gas bag) or the ash washing gas conveying pipeline between the supply source and the ash washing device 620 is provided with an ash washing gas heating device, and the ash washing gas heating device can adopt an electric heater. Thereby, the ash washing gas can be heated.
And the dust is heated in the air washing process, so that the yellow phosphorus can be further ensured to be fully volatilized, and the yellow phosphorus in the dust can be more fully washed. Meanwhile, when the ash washing gas is used for heating and the heating structure is used for heating, the heating structure can mainly play a role in heat preservation, and energy consumption is saved.
Typically, the volume of the ash scrubber used in the process of performing the one-time air scrubbing is 3-10 times the internal volume of the ash scrubber. If the ratio of the volume of the ash washing gas to the internal volume of the ash washer is lower than 3, the ash washing is insufficient; if the ratio of the volume of the ash washing gas to the internal volume of the ash washing device is higher than 10, the ash washing gas is used in a large amount, and the cost and the power consumption are increased.
Preferably, in the process of implementing the air washing once by the ash washer, the volume of the ash washing gas is 4-6 times of the internal volume of the ash washer.
The second ash discharging device is used for discharging dust in the ash scrubber 620. Likewise, the second ash handling means typically employs a discharge valve.
Preferably, the ash discharging system may further include an ash discharging auxiliary filter 630 disposed above the ash scrubber 620 and located on the recovery line, for filtering and dedusting the gas-solid two-phase flow outputted from the recovery line, and then guiding the filtered gas flow to a destination, which may be a downstream conveying line or receiving device (yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device 400) of the flue gas filtering and dedusting device 300 for dedusting gas, and returning the dust to the ash scrubber 620.
The ash discharge auxiliary filter 630 can intercept dust carried by the ash washing gas, and prevent the dust from entering a downstream conveying pipeline or receiving equipment of the dedusted gas of the flue gas filtering and dedusting device 300 through the recovery pipe.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the discharge passage of the flue gas pretreatment device 200 is connected to the ash scrubber 620 through a discharge valve, so that ash is discharged in the same manner as the flue gas filtering dust removing device 300.
It can be seen that the ash discharging system can realize the following ash discharging method, which comprises the following steps: the air pressure in the dust remover (such as the flue gas filtering dust removing device 300 or the flue gas pretreatment device 200) and the air pressure in the ash scrubber 620 are balanced through the pressure balancing device 610; discharging dust in the dust remover into the ash scrubber 620 through a first ash discharging device; the ash scrubber 620 performs gas washing on the dust in the ash scrubber 620 with ash washing gas, so that a cleaning target (such as yellow phosphorus vapor) in the dust is carried by the ash washing gas and is output from a recovery pipeline; the dust in the ash scrubber 620 is discharged through a second ash discharging device.
Optionally, in the above method, the air washing is performed on the dust in the dust washer 620 by using the dust washer 620, so that the cleaning target in the dust is carried by the dust washer, and the output from the recovery pipeline specifically includes: the ash scrubber 620 is supplied with the ash scrubber, and the ash scrubber stirs the dust in the ash scrubber and heats the dust, so that the cleaning target in the dust is carried by the ash scrubber and is output from the recovery pipeline.
Alternatively, in the above method, the heating is performed by passing ash washing gas having a temperature higher than that of the dust into the ash washer 620 to heat the dust; and/or the heating is achieved by a heating structure provided in the ash scrubber 620 to heat the dust.
Optionally, the air washing of the dust in the dust washer 620 with the dust washing air by the dust washer 620, so that the cleaning target in the dust is carried by the dust washing air, and the output from the recovery pipeline specifically includes: the gas-solid two-phase flow outputted from the recovery line is filtered and dedusted by an ash discharge auxiliary filter 630, and then the filtered gas flow is directed to a destination, which may be a downstream delivery line or receiving device of the dedusted gas of the deduster, and the dust is returned to the ash scrubber 620.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas pretreatment device in a yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system according to an embodiment of the present application. The flue gas pretreatment device shown in fig. 3 can be applied to the yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system shown in fig. 1-2. Of course, the flue gas pretreatment device shown in fig. 3 can also be applied to other yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning systems, such as those disclosed in patent document CN103523762B, CN103508429B by the applicant. In addition, the flue gas pretreatment device shown in fig. 3 can be applied to a similar industrial kiln flue gas purification system or device, such as a purification device for industrial kiln flue gas containing precipitable tar components. Obviously, the application of the flue gas pretreatment device shown in fig. 3 may generally require modification or replacement of the original corresponding equipment.
As shown in fig. 3, the flue gas pretreatment device 200 includes an airflow buffer 210, wherein an airflow buffer space is formed in the airflow buffer 210, and an air inlet 211 and an air outlet 212 are provided in the airflow buffer space; and, be equipped with interior heat transfer passageway 213 and outer heat transfer passageway 214 along the flue gas direction of delivery in the air current buffering space, interior heat transfer passageway 213 with the both ends of outer heat transfer passageway 214 are connected with heat transfer medium input structure 215 and heat transfer medium output structure 216 respectively, interior heat transfer passageway 213 with form flue gas transfer passageway 217 between the outer heat transfer passageway 214.
The heat exchange area of the flue gas conveying channel 217 formed between the inner heat exchange channel 213 and the outer heat exchange channel 214 is larger and the heat transfer is more uniform. Therefore, the heat exchange medium in the inner heat exchange channel 213 and the outer heat exchange channel 214 can adopt a heat exchange medium (such as nitrogen gas with the temperature of 200 ℃) which is lower than that of the electric heater, so that the problem that yellow phosphorus is converted into red phosphorus by concentrated heating is effectively solved, and meanwhile, when the temperature fluctuation of yellow phosphorus flue gas output by the phosphorus furnace 100 is larger, the temperature fluctuation of the yellow phosphorus flue gas output by the flue gas conveying channel 217 is smaller, namely the flue gas pretreatment device 200 has stronger adaptability to the flue gas temperature fluctuation.
Optionally, the air damper 210 includes an air damper cylinder 218, the outer heat exchange channel 214 includes an interlayer disposed in a wall of the air damper cylinder 218, an inner heat exchange tube 219 is disposed in the air damper cylinder 218 along a flue gas conveying direction, the inner heat exchange channel 213 includes a tube cavity of the inner heat exchange tube 219, and a discharging structure communicating with the flue gas conveying channel 217 is disposed at a bottom of the air damper cylinder 218.
The discharge structure herein may be connected to the ash scrubber 620 through a discharge valve so as to discharge ash in the same manner as the flue gas filtering dust collector 300.
Preferably, the inner heat exchange tube 219 is disposed coaxially with the central axis of the air flow damper cylinder 218; an annular flue gas conveying channel is formed between the inner wall of the airflow buffer cylinder 218 and the inner heat exchange tube 219.
Preferably, a rake 220 is mounted on top of the air flow buffer cylinder 218, a part of the rake 220 is located in the air flow buffer cylinder 218 and provided with a first rake ash removing structure 221 and a second rake ash removing structure 222, wherein the first rake ash removing structure 221 is matched with the inner wall of the air flow buffer cylinder 218, the second rake ash removing structure 222 is matched with the outer wall of the inner heat exchange tube 219, and the other part of the rake 220 is located outside the air flow buffer cylinder 218 and connected with a lifting driving mechanism.
The lifting driving mechanism can drive the harrow plate 220 to lift up and down. When the rake frame 220 moves downward, the first rake ash removal structure 221 cleans the inner wall of the air flow buffer cylinder 218 from top to bottom along the inner wall of the air flow buffer cylinder 218, and the second rake ash removal structure 222 cleans the outer wall of the inner heat exchange tube 219 from top to bottom along the outer wall of the inner heat exchange tube 219. In this way, the inner wall of the air flow buffer cylinder 218 and the outer wall of the inner heat exchange tube 219 can be cleaned periodically by the rake frame 220, so that the attached dust can be raked off, and the heat exchange efficiency is ensured.
In addition, as a further improvement of the above-mentioned flue gas pretreatment device, as shown in fig. 3, a flue gas separation structure 230 is provided in the flue gas conveying channel 217 to separate the flue gas conveying channel 217 into an inner conveying channel 217a and an outer conveying channel 217b, the inner conveying channel 217a and the outer conveying channel 217b are in series communication through a turning flow passage located in the air flow buffer space, the inner conveying channel 217a is located at the adjacent side of the inner heat exchanging channel 213, and the outer conveying channel 217b is located at the adjacent side of the outer heat exchanging channel 214.
Specifically, the flue gas separation structure 230 includes a flow guiding tube coaxially disposed with the inner heat exchange tube 219 and sleeved between the outer side of the inner heat exchange tube 219 and the inner side of the air flow buffer tube 218, an inner conveying channel 217a having an annular structure is formed between the flow guiding tube and the inner heat exchange tube 219, an outer conveying channel 217b having an annular structure is formed between the flow guiding tube and the air flow buffer tube 218, and the inner conveying channel 217a and the outer conveying channel 217b are serially connected through the turning flow channel at the end of the air flow buffer tube 218.
More specifically, the air inlet 211 is located at the lower side of the air flow buffer cylinder 218 and communicates with the lower end of the flow guide pipe, and the air outlet 212 is located at the lower side of the air flow buffer cylinder 218 and communicates with the lower end of the outer conveying passage 217 b.
The flue gas separation structure 230 separates the flue gas conveying channel 217 into an inner conveying channel 217a and an outer conveying channel 217b, the inner conveying channel 217a and the outer conveying channel 217b are communicated in series through a turning flow channel positioned in the air flow buffer space, the inner conveying channel 217a is positioned at the adjacent side of the inner heat exchanging channel 213, and the outer conveying channel 217b is positioned at the adjacent side of the outer heat exchanging channel 214, so that the overall length of the flue gas conveying channel 217 is longer, and a layered heat exchanging structure is formed between the inner conveying channel 217a and the inner heat exchanging channel 213 and between the outer conveying channel 217b and the outer heat exchanging channel 214, and therefore, the temperature of yellow phosphorus flue gas output from the exhaust port 212 approaches to the heat exchanging medium (for example, nitrogen gas with the temperature of 200 ℃).
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system according to an embodiment of the present application. The yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system shown in fig. 4 is added with a tail gas temperature control and recycling device 600 on the basis of the yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system, wherein the tail gas temperature control and recycling device 600 is used for receiving tail gas (mainly coal gas) from the yellow phosphorus condensation recycling device 400, controlling the tail gas within a required temperature range, then conveying the tail gas to a flue gas conveying channel between the phosphorus furnace 100 and the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300, and after the tail gas is mixed with the yellow phosphorus flue gas from the phosphorus furnace 100, layering the yellow phosphorus gas in the yellow phosphorus flue gas and the coal gas in the tail gas due to different specific gravities, and preserving heat through a yellow phosphorus gas layer of a coal gas layer.
The inventors found that: in the existing yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system, obvious layering phenomenon exists in the yellow phosphorus flue gas output by the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300, namely, because the specific gravity of coal gas is lighter than that of the yellow phosphorus gas, an upper coal gas layer and a lower yellow phosphorus gas layer are formed in a pipeline. Accordingly, the inventors have come to the mind of: the key point of the stable operation of the yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system is to ensure that no liquid yellow phosphorus is precipitated in the yellow phosphorus flue gas between the phosphorus furnace 100 and the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300, otherwise, serious pollution is caused to the filter element in the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300, so that the filtering flux of the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300 is rapidly reduced. The key point of the method is to heat and preserve the yellow phosphorus flue gas so that the temperature of the yellow phosphorus flue gas is always above the dew point temperature of the yellow phosphorus gas, so as to ensure that liquid yellow phosphorus is not precipitated in the yellow phosphorus flue gas between the phosphorus furnace 100 and the flue gas filtering dust removal device 300. The aforementioned purpose of providing a heat exchanger in the flue gas pretreatment device 200 (including the inner heat exchange channels 213 in the flue gas pretreatment device 200 shown in fig. 3) is also intended. And since the layering phenomenon is present, the layering phenomenon is not utilized, and the yellow phosphorus gas layer is heated and insulated by the gas layer? Thus, the yellow phosphorus flue gas between the phosphorus furnace 100 and the flue gas filtering dust removal device 300 can be heated and kept warm more uniformly, and even the heat exchanger in the flue gas pretreatment device 200 can be omitted. Under such a concept, the above-described exhaust gas temperature control and reuse apparatus 600 is designed.
Preferably, if the connection point between the tail gas temperature control and recycling device 600 and the flue gas conveying channel is set as a starting point, and the yellow phosphorus flue gas output end of the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300 is set as an ending point, there is no rising section in the yellow phosphorus flue gas flow path from the starting point to the ending point. This can promote delamination.
Optionally, the tail gas temperature control and recycling device 600 includes a tail gas reflux branch 610 connected to a tail gas output pipeline of the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device 400, one end of the tail gas reflux branch 610 is connected to the tail gas output pipeline of the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device 400, and the other end is connected to the flue gas conveying channel; the tail gas return branch 610 is sequentially connected with a gas dehydrator 620 and a gas heater 630 in series, and the tail gas return branch 610 is connected with a cold gas regulating valve 640 in parallel with the gas heater 630.
The working principle of the exhaust gas temperature control and recycling device 600 is as follows: the tail gas output pipeline of the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device 400 shunts one tail gas to enter the tail gas reflux branch 610, the tail gas firstly passes through the gas dehydrator 620 (existing equipment, available for market purchase) in the tail gas reflux branch 610 and then enters the gas heater 630, the gas heater 630 can heat the tail gas through a heat source (can be in modes of electric heating, partition wall heat exchange and the like), in this process, in order to accurately control the temperature of the tail gas, a part of the tail gas can be directly mixed with the tail gas heated by the gas heater 630 without passing through the gas heater 630 through the cold gas regulating valve 640, and the mixing proportion can be controlled by regulating the opening of the cold gas regulating valve 640, so that the temperature of the tail gas is controlled. The tail gas is typically controlled to a temperature 20-100 c above the yellow phosphorus gas dew point temperature, preferably 30-80 c above the yellow phosphorus gas dew point temperature, and then fed into the flue gas transport channel between the phosphorus furnace 100 and the flue gas filter dust removal device 300.
Obviously, the yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system shown in fig. 4 can be applied to the yellow phosphorus flue gas purification systems shown in fig. 1-2, and can also be applied to other yellow phosphorus flue gas purification systems. Meanwhile, when the yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system shown in fig. 4 is applied, the original yellow phosphorus flue gas heating facility equipment positioned in front of the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300 can be changed or cancelled according to the requirements.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas filtering and dust removing device in a yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying system according to an embodiment of the application. Fig. 6 is a left side view of the smoke filter dust collector of fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a top view of the smoke filter dust collector of fig. 5. The flue gas filtering and dust removing device shown in fig. 5-7 can be applied to any of the above-mentioned yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying systems and can also be applied to other yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying systems, such as the yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying systems disclosed in patent document publication number CN103523762B, CN103508429B by the applicant. In addition, the flue gas filtering and dust removing device shown in fig. 5-7 can be applied to similar industrial kiln flue gas purifying systems or devices. It is apparent that the application of the flue gas filter dust removal device shown in fig. 5-7 may generally require modification or replacement of the original counterpart.
As shown in fig. 5-7, the flue gas filtering dust removal device includes a dust collector cylinder 310 and a filter element 320. The interior of the dust remover cylinder 310 is divided into an upper cavity 313, a middle cavity 315 and a lower cavity 314 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom by an upper separation part 311 and a lower separation part 312, and the dust remover cylinder 310 is respectively provided with a flue gas inlet structure to be filtered, a flue gas exhaust structure to be filtered, and a dust exhaust structure. The filter element 320 has an air inlet 321, an air outlet 322, and a flue gas channel 323 to be filtered in communication with the air inlet 321 and the air outlet 322, the air inlet 321 of the filter element 320 is installed in the dust collector body 310 by an upper partition member 311 and in communication with the upper cavity 313, the air outlet 322 of the filter element 320 is installed in the dust collector body 310 by a lower partition member 312 and in communication with the lower cavity 314, and a filtered flue gas channel is formed between the filter element 320 and the middle cavity 315. The bottom surface of the middle cavity 315 is a slope, and the slope direction can enable the filtered flue gas on the bottom surface of the middle cavity 315 to flow in the direction of the filtered flue gas exhaust structure.
When the flue gas filtering and dust removing device 300 is operated, the flue gas to be filtered enters the upper cavity 313 from the flue gas inlet structure to be filtered, then flows downwards along the flue gas channel 323 to be filtered from the filter element air inlet 321, and in the process, the filtered flue gas filtered by the filter element 320 enters the middle cavity 315 and then is discharged from the flue gas exhaust structure to be filtered, and dust in the flue gas to be filtered flows downwards and is discharged from the filter element air outlet 322 by means of gravity and the flue gas to be filtered. Therefore, the flue gas filtering dust removal device 300 can utilize the flue gas to be filtered to help the filter element to discharge ash and wash the filtering surface of the filter element, and the regeneration of the filter element 320 is realized during the filtration.
Because the bottom surface of the middle cavity 315 is a slope, the slope direction can enable the filtered flue gas on the bottom surface of the middle cavity 315 to flow towards the direction of the filtered flue gas exhaust structure, so that the structure can effectively avoid yellow phosphorus gas accumulation on the bottom surface of the middle cavity 315 (the specific gravity of the yellow phosphorus gas is greater than that of coal gas, so that the yellow phosphorus gas is easy to accumulate on the bottom of the middle cavity 315), and explosion caused by the mixture of the filtered flue gas and air accumulated on the bottom surface of the middle cavity 315 under the conditions of leakage of the dust remover cylinder 310, startup and shutdown of the flue gas filtering dust removing device 300 and the like is prevented.
Alternatively, the lower partition member 312 includes a bottom partition plate on which the exhaust port 322 of the cartridge 320 is mounted, the bottom partition plate constituting the bottom surface of the middle chamber.
Alternatively, the upper partition member 311 includes an upper partition plate on which the air inlet 321 of the filter cartridge 320 is mounted.
The bottom and top separator plates are similar to the aperture plates in a bag-type dust collector, i.e., a plurality of holes are distributed in the plates for mating with the ports (inlet 321 and outlet 322) of the filter cartridge 320.
Optionally, the flue gas inlet structure to be filtered includes an inlet pipe 330, a central axis of the inlet pipe 330 is spatially perpendicular to a central axis of the dust collector body 310, and the central axis of the inlet pipe 330 is tangential to a circle formed by taking the central axis of the dust collector body 310 as a center (as shown in fig. 7).
The above-mentioned fume intake structure to be filtered can make the fume with filtration form a rotational flow in the upper cavity 313 so as to facilitate the separation of dust.
Optionally, the filtered flue gas exhaust structure includes an exhaust pipe 340, a central axis of the exhaust pipe 340 and a central axis of the dust collector cylinder 310 are perpendicularly intersected, and a central axis of the exhaust pipe 340 is parallel to a central axis of the intake pipe 330.
Optionally, the lower part of the dust collector body 310 includes a conical body 316 with a diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the bottom of the conical body 316 is provided with the ash discharging structure.
The ash discharging structure may be connected to the ash scrubber 620 through a discharge valve so as to discharge ash in the same manner as the flue gas filtering dust removing apparatus 300.
Optionally, the filter element 320 is a tubular filter element, and one end of the tubular filter element is an air inlet of the filter element, and the other end of the tubular filter element is an air outlet of the filter element. In addition, the filter 320 may be a metal or ceramic filter.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the middle cavity 315 is formed by a first inclined plane 312a and a second inclined plane 312b, the first inclined plane 312a and the second inclined plane 312b intersect each other on a bottom edge line 312c, the bottom edge line 312c is inclined from top to bottom and forms the lowest position of the bottom surface of the middle cavity 315, the lower end of the bottom edge line 312c intersects with the bottom edge of the filtered flue gas exhaust structure on the inner wall of one side of the middle cavity, and the upper end intersects with the inner wall of the other side of the middle cavity 315.
When the bottom surface of the middle cavity 315 adopts the above structure, the bottom surface of the middle cavity 315 forms a tapered and inclined structure, which is conducive to the yellow phosphorus gas to gather on the upper portion of the bottom ridge 312c and flow into the filtered flue gas exhaust structure along the inclined direction, so as to better avoid the yellow phosphorus gas accumulating on the bottom of the middle cavity 315 and being difficult to be exhausted.
When the bottom surface of the middle chamber 315 adopts the above structure, when the filtered flue gas exhausting structure includes the exhaust pipe 340 and the central axis of the exhaust pipe 340 is perpendicular to the central axis of the dust collector barrel 310, the first inclined plane 312a and the second inclined plane 312b are tangential to the edge of the exhaust pipe 340 (as shown in fig. 6).
Preferably, the bottom ridge 312c is at an angle of 5 ° -10 ° to the horizontal, and the first inclined plane 312a and the second inclined plane 312b are at an angle of 5 ° -10 ° to the horizontal, respectively.
Preferably, a filter element regeneration device is arranged in the upper cavity 313 or at the top of the upper cavity 313. The filter element regeneration device can be a traditional back blowing regeneration device or an ultrasonic soot blower 350.
The content of the present application is described above. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the present application based on these descriptions. Based on the foregoing specification, all other embodiments that may be obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort are intended to be within the scope of patent protection.

Claims (7)

1. Yellow phosphorus flue gas purification equipment includes:
The flue gas filtering and dust removing device is used for receiving yellow phosphorus flue gas from a phosphorus furnace, physically intercepting dust in the yellow phosphorus flue gas through a filter element under the temperature condition that yellow phosphorus in the yellow phosphorus flue gas is still in a gaseous state, and then outputting yellow phosphorus flue gas after filtering, dust removing and purifying;
the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device is used for receiving the yellow phosphorus flue gas from the flue gas filtering and dust removing device, directly or indirectly condensing the yellow phosphorus flue gas through a cooling medium, converting the yellow phosphorus from a gas state to a liquid state, then storing the yellow phosphorus in a yellow phosphorus tank, and outputting tail gas;
the method is characterized in that: the flue gas filtering and dust removing device adopts an ash discharging device, and the flue gas filtering and dust removing device discharges dust out of the flue gas filtering and dust removing device through the ash discharging device;
the ash discharging device comprises: the pressure balancing device is used for balancing the air pressure in the flue gas filtering and dust removing device with the air pressure in the ash washer; the first ash discharging device is arranged in an unloading channel between the flue gas filtering and dedusting device and the ash washer and is used for discharging dust in the flue gas filtering and dedusting device into the ash washer; the ash washer is used for carrying out air washing on dust in the ash washer by ash washing gas, so that a cleaning target object in the dust is carried by the ash washing gas and is output from the recovery pipeline; the second ash discharging device is used for discharging dust in the ash washer, and the ash washer is provided with a heating structure for heating the dust in the ash washer;
The yellow phosphorus flue gas purification equipment further comprises a tail gas temperature control and recycling device, wherein the tail gas temperature control and recycling device is used for receiving tail gas from the yellow phosphorus condensation recycling device, controlling the tail gas within a required temperature range, then conveying the tail gas into a flue gas conveying channel between the phosphorus furnace and the flue gas filtering and dust removing device, and after the tail gas is mixed with yellow phosphorus flue gas from the phosphorus furnace, layering the yellow phosphorus gas in the yellow phosphorus flue gas and coal gas in the tail gas due to different specific gravities, and preserving heat through a yellow phosphorus gas layer of a coal gas layer;
the tail gas temperature control and recycling device comprises a tail gas reflux branch connected with a tail gas output pipeline of the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device, one end of the tail gas reflux branch is connected to the tail gas output pipeline of the yellow phosphorus condensation recovery device, the other end of the tail gas reflux branch is connected to the flue gas conveying channel, a gas dehydrator and a gas heater are sequentially connected in series on the tail gas reflux branch, and a cold gas regulating valve is connected in parallel on the tail gas reflux branch and the gas heater.
2. The yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the ash discharging device further comprises an ash discharging auxiliary filter which is arranged above the ash washer and is positioned on the recovery pipeline and used for filtering and dedusting the gas-solid two-phase flow output from the recovery pipeline, guiding the filtered air flow to a destination and returning the dust to the ash washer.
3. The yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the ash washing device is characterized in that an ash washing gas heating device is arranged on the ash washing gas supply source or an ash washing gas conveying pipeline between the supply source and the ash washing device, and the ash washing gas heating device adopts an electric heater.
4. The yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the ash washing gas outlet in the ash washing device is positioned at the lower part of the ash washing device and beside the discharge opening of the ash washing device.
5. The yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the ash scrubber is internally provided with a fluidization structure, and the fluidization structure is used for fluidizing dust in the ash scrubber by utilizing the ash scrubber.
6. The yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the ash washing gas adopts nitrogen.
7. The yellow phosphorus flue gas cleaning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the flue gas filtering dust removal device comprises:
the dust remover cylinder is internally divided into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom through an upper separation part and a lower separation part, and the dust remover cylinder is respectively provided with a flue gas inlet structure to be filtered, a flue gas exhaust structure and an ash discharge structure;
The filter element is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet and a flue gas channel to be filtered, wherein the flue gas channel to be filtered is communicated with the air inlet and the air outlet, the air inlet of the filter element is installed in the dust remover cylinder body through an upper separation part and is communicated with the upper cavity, the air outlet of the filter element is installed in the dust remover cylinder body through a lower separation part and is communicated with the lower cavity, and a filtered flue gas channel is formed between the filter element and the middle cavity.
CN202210830239.6A 2022-06-29 2022-06-29 Ash discharging method, ash discharging system and yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying system Active CN115212671B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210830239.6A CN115212671B (en) 2022-06-29 2022-06-29 Ash discharging method, ash discharging system and yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210830239.6A CN115212671B (en) 2022-06-29 2022-06-29 Ash discharging method, ash discharging system and yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115212671A CN115212671A (en) 2022-10-21
CN115212671B true CN115212671B (en) 2023-07-04

Family

ID=83612428

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210830239.6A Active CN115212671B (en) 2022-06-29 2022-06-29 Ash discharging method, ash discharging system and yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115212671B (en)

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0107131A2 (en) * 1982-10-27 1984-05-02 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process and plant for the production of synthesis gas
CN1257757A (en) * 1999-12-29 2000-06-28 上海宝钢集团公司 Tail gas recirculation system for coal injection and pulverization of blast furnace and its control method
CN103508429A (en) * 2013-09-29 2014-01-15 成都易态科技有限公司 Yellow phosphorus preparation method and yellow phosphorus preparation equipment
CN105056641A (en) * 2015-07-13 2015-11-18 成都易态科技有限公司 Yellow phosphorus furnace gas filtering method
CN105222528A (en) * 2015-10-23 2016-01-06 天华化工机械及自动化研究设计院有限公司 A kind of fluidized bed coal drying and water recovery method
CN105438849A (en) * 2015-10-29 2016-03-30 成都易态科技有限公司 Dust discharging process and dust discharging structure used for yellow phosphorus gas purifying
JP2016107202A (en) * 2014-12-05 2016-06-20 太平洋セメント株式会社 Mercury recovery system and mercury recovery method
CN207268565U (en) * 2017-07-17 2018-04-24 山东金浩钙业股份有限公司 A kind of nano-calcium carbonate drying system
CN110559783A (en) * 2019-09-26 2019-12-13 昆明理工大学 Device and method for purifying yellow phosphorus furnace gas by low-temperature dry method
CN215692599U (en) * 2021-05-18 2022-02-01 云南控清科技有限公司 Yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas purification system
CN114210145A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-03-22 南京工业大学 Ash discharging sealing system at bottom of high-temperature ceramic film dust collector

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109536185A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-03-29 湖北加德科技股份有限公司 The organic solid waste in city couples desiccation pyrolysis gasification system

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0107131A2 (en) * 1982-10-27 1984-05-02 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process and plant for the production of synthesis gas
CN1257757A (en) * 1999-12-29 2000-06-28 上海宝钢集团公司 Tail gas recirculation system for coal injection and pulverization of blast furnace and its control method
CN103508429A (en) * 2013-09-29 2014-01-15 成都易态科技有限公司 Yellow phosphorus preparation method and yellow phosphorus preparation equipment
JP2016107202A (en) * 2014-12-05 2016-06-20 太平洋セメント株式会社 Mercury recovery system and mercury recovery method
CN105056641A (en) * 2015-07-13 2015-11-18 成都易态科技有限公司 Yellow phosphorus furnace gas filtering method
CN105222528A (en) * 2015-10-23 2016-01-06 天华化工机械及自动化研究设计院有限公司 A kind of fluidized bed coal drying and water recovery method
CN105438849A (en) * 2015-10-29 2016-03-30 成都易态科技有限公司 Dust discharging process and dust discharging structure used for yellow phosphorus gas purifying
CN207268565U (en) * 2017-07-17 2018-04-24 山东金浩钙业股份有限公司 A kind of nano-calcium carbonate drying system
CN110559783A (en) * 2019-09-26 2019-12-13 昆明理工大学 Device and method for purifying yellow phosphorus furnace gas by low-temperature dry method
CN215692599U (en) * 2021-05-18 2022-02-01 云南控清科技有限公司 Yellow phosphorus high-temperature furnace gas purification system
CN114210145A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-03-22 南京工业大学 Ash discharging sealing system at bottom of high-temperature ceramic film dust collector

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
控温变换技术及其工业应用;张雄斌;《氮肥技术》(第05期);第5-9页 *
黄磷尾气的热能利用;余晨;;磷肥与复肥(05);第67-71页 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN115212671A (en) 2022-10-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN100563783C (en) A kind of bitumen flue gas purifying method
CN109207667B (en) Pure dry type purification and waste heat deep recovery system and method for converter flue gas
CN105670709B (en) Raw coke oven gas purification device
CN206463735U (en) A kind of coating emission-control equipment based on thermal accumulating incinerator
CN101352639B (en) Organic waste gas treatment system
CN107321119A (en) A kind of liquid waste incineration flue gas purifying equipment
CN115212671B (en) Ash discharging method, ash discharging system and yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying system
CN115212670B (en) Industrial kiln flue gas purification device and yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system
CN115193178B (en) Flue gas filtering and dust removing device and yellow phosphorus flue gas purifying system
CN115212669B (en) Yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system
CN202207527U (en) Dust removal system for treating high-temperature dust contained flue gas
CN207169346U (en) A kind of liquid waste incineration flue gas purifying equipment
CN109985488A (en) A kind of rotating cylinder Adsorption Concentration device
CN206637835U (en) A kind of environment protection vertical boiler with heat recovery and utilization
CN212327853U (en) Device for purifying tar in flue gas of carbon electrode roasting furnace
CN211274055U (en) Cremation machine tail gas treatment equipment
CN115143794A (en) Flue gas filtering and dust removing equipment and filter element regeneration method thereof
CN115371445A (en) Yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system and industrial kiln flue gas purification device
CN115371444A (en) Yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system and flue gas filtering and dust removing device
CN115228209A (en) Industrial kiln flue gas purification device and flue gas pretreatment device
CN115164605A (en) Yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system and industrial kiln flue gas purification device
CN115164604A (en) Yellow phosphorus flue gas purification system and flue gas preprocessing device
TWM583778U (en) Backflow high-efficiency organic waste gas processing system
CN216448172U (en) Multi-cylinder garbage incinerator
CN216062477U (en) Oil-gas separator for high-temperature ceramic dust removal

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant