CN115197816B - Sample pretreatment device for soil microorganism detection - Google Patents
Sample pretreatment device for soil microorganism detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN115197816B CN115197816B CN202210793479.3A CN202210793479A CN115197816B CN 115197816 B CN115197816 B CN 115197816B CN 202210793479 A CN202210793479 A CN 202210793479A CN 115197816 B CN115197816 B CN 115197816B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
- C12M45/02—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
- B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
- B02C1/04—Jaw crushers or pulverisers with single-acting jaws
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/04—Filters; Permeable or porous membranes or plates, e.g. dialysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
- C12M45/03—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by control of the humidity or content of liquids; Drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sample pretreatment device for detecting soil microorganisms, which comprises a pretreatment box, an air conditioning box, a stirring mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a temperature regulating mechanism, wherein the pretreatment box is connected with the air conditioning box; the air conditioning box is of a U-shaped structure and is divided into an air inlet section, a communication section and an air outlet section, and the temperature adjusting mechanism comprises a condenser, a heat absorbing component and a refrigerating component; the condenser is arranged in the inner cavity of the pretreatment box, the upper end and the lower end of the heat absorption component respectively penetrate through the air inlet section and the air outlet section, and the refrigeration component is respectively communicated with the condenser and the heat absorption component; the bottom surface of the air inlet section is communicated with a water collecting tank, the water collecting tank is communicated with a water pumping assembly, the water pumping assembly is communicated with a spray head, and the spray head is fixedly connected to the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment tank and is arranged towards the stirring mechanism; the crushing mechanism and the stirring mechanism are respectively and fixedly connected with the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment tank, the crushing mechanism is arranged above the stirring mechanism, and the stirring mechanism is arranged above the condenser. The invention can crush and humidify hardened soil and dry the wet soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of experimental equipment, in particular to a sample pretreatment device for soil microorganism detection.
Background
The microbial detection of the soil is to confirm the microbial activity of the soil, which is favorable for solving the problem of the soil, and the microbial activity of the soil represents the whole microbial community or some special population states in the soil and can reflect the tiny changes of natural or farmland ecosystems. However, in practice, there are various natural conditions of the problematic soil, for example, the soil is seriously hardened, the soil moisture content is large, and the calibration and detection of microorganisms in the soil are not facilitated, so that the hardened soil needs to be humidified, the wet soil is dried, and the moisture content of the soil is ensured to be about 40%, but at present, no experimental facility for preprocessing the various soils is available, and therefore, it is necessary to design a sample preprocessing device for detecting microorganisms in the soil to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sample pretreatment device for detecting soil microorganisms, which solves the problems in the prior art and can crush and humidify hardened soil and dry the wet soil.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a sample pretreatment device for detecting soil microorganisms comprises a pretreatment box, an air conditioning box, a stirring mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a temperature regulating mechanism; the air conditioning box is of a U-shaped structure and is divided into an air inlet section, a communication section and an air outlet section, one end of the air inlet section is communicated with one end of the air outlet section through the communication section, and the air outlet section is communicated with the bottom surface of the pretreatment box; the temperature regulating mechanism comprises a condenser, a heat absorbing component and a refrigerating component; the condenser is arranged in the inner cavity of the pretreatment box, the heat absorption component is arranged between the air inlet section and the air outlet section, the upper end and the lower end of the heat absorption component respectively penetrate through the air inlet section and the air outlet section, and the refrigeration component is arranged on one side of the air conditioning box and is respectively communicated with the condenser and the heat absorption component; the bottom surface of the air inlet section is communicated with a water collecting tank, the water collecting tank is communicated with a water pumping assembly, the water pumping assembly is communicated with a spray head, and the spray head is fixedly connected to the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment tank and is arranged towards the stirring mechanism; the crushing mechanism is fixedly connected with the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment box respectively, the crushing mechanism is arranged above the stirring mechanism, and the stirring mechanism is arranged above the condenser.
Preferably, the crushing mechanism comprises two oppositely arranged crushing jaws, each crushing jaw comprises an inclined jaw and a straight jaw, the top surface of each straight jaw is fixedly connected with one side surface of each inclined jaw, a plurality of grinding teeth which are arranged in parallel along the inclined direction of each inclined jaw are fixedly connected to the opposite side surfaces of the two inclined jaws, a plurality of grinding grooves which are arranged in mutually perpendicular are respectively formed in the opposite side surfaces of the two straight jaws, and the two straight jaws are in clearance fit; the bottom surface of the straight jaw is fixedly connected with a filter screen, the same side surfaces of the straight jaw and the inclined jaw are fixedly connected with tarpaulin, and the bottom end of the tarpaulin is fixedly connected with the side surface of the filter screen; any one inclined jaw is fixedly connected with the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment box, the other inclined jaw and the straight jaw fixedly connected with the inclined jaw are respectively and slidably connected with the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment box through guide posts, a poking rod is fixedly connected with one side surface of the straight jaw, and the poking rod is detachably connected with the stirring mechanism; a spring is sleeved at one end of the guide post, which is close to the side wall of the pretreatment box, and two ends of the spring are respectively abutted against the side surfaces of the side wall of the pretreatment box and the crushing jaw; and the stirring mechanism is arranged right below the filter screen.
Preferably, the stirring mechanism comprises a double-headed motor and a storage box, the double-headed motor is fixedly connected with the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment box through a fixed rod, an eccentric wheel is fixedly connected to the top end of an output shaft of the double-headed motor, the eccentric wheel is detachably connected with the side face of the poking rod, a stirring paddle is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the output shaft of the double-headed motor, the stirring paddle is arranged in the inner cavity of the storage box, and the storage box is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the pretreatment box through a plurality of rack bars.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the storage box is provided with two layers, namely a metal dense pore net and a breathable dust filtering layer; the top surface of the dense mesh is attached to the bottom surface of the stirring paddle and is in sliding connection with the bottom surface of the dense mesh, and the top surface of the dust filtering layer is attached to the bottom surface of the dense mesh. The bottom surface of the dust filtering layer is in sliding contact with the top surface of the rack bar.
Preferably, a chute is formed in the opposite side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment box, and two ends of the rack bar are in sliding connection with the pretreatment box through the chute.
Preferably, the heat absorbing component comprises a heat pipe and a cooling box, the top end of the heat pipe penetrates through the air outlet section and is arranged in the inner cavity of the air outlet section, the bottom end of the heat pipe penetrates through the top surface and the bottom surface of the cooling box, the air inlet section and is arranged in the inner cavity of the air inlet section, an evaporator is arranged in the cooling box, and the evaporator is fixedly connected and communicated with the refrigerating component.
Preferably, the water pumping assembly comprises a water filter and a water pump, one end of the water filter is fixedly connected and communicated with the water collecting tank, the other end of the water filter is fixedly connected and communicated with the water pump, the water outlet end of the water pump is fixedly connected and communicated with the spray head, and the water filter and the water pump are respectively arranged on one side of the pretreatment tank.
Preferably, the bottom end of the heat pipe is arranged right above the opening of the water collection tank.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the pretreatment box is provided with an air outlet, and a fan is fixedly connected in the air outlet.
Preferably, the side walls of the air conditioning box are respectively laid with a heat insulation layer.
The invention has the following technical effects:
according to the invention, the stirring mechanism and the crushing mechanism can crush the hardened soil to be detected, water condensed from the heat absorption assembly is extracted from the water collection tank through the water pumping assembly and sprayed into the stirring mechanism by utilizing the atomized spray head, so that pretreatment of the hardened soil before detection is realized, the pretreatment of the soil is realized, and the recycling of water resources is also completed; in addition, the invention can utilize the air conditioning box to dry the air, and complete the drying treatment of the wet soil through the stirring mechanism, thereby realizing the flexible use among a plurality of mechanisms and improving the application range of the soil pretreatment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a crushing mechanism and a stirring mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the temperature regulating mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the stirring mechanism;
wherein, 1, a pretreatment box; 2. an air conditioning box; 3. an air inlet section; 4. a communication section; 5. an air outlet section; 6. a condenser; 7. a heat pipe; 8. a cooling box; 9. a refrigeration assembly; 10. a spray head; 11. a water filter; 12. a water pump; 13. a sloping jaw; 14. a straight jaw; 15. grinding teeth; 16. a filter screen; 17. tarpaulin; 18. a guide post; 19. a spring; 20. a toggle rod; 21. a double-ended motor; 22. a storage box; 23. an eccentric wheel; 24. stirring paddles; 25. a rack bar; 26. a dense mesh; 27. a dust filtering layer; 28. and a water collecting tank.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Embodiment one:
the sample pretreatment device for detecting soil microorganisms shown in fig. 1-4 comprises a pretreatment box 1, an air conditioning box 2, a stirring mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a temperature regulating mechanism; the air conditioning box 2 is of a U-shaped structure, the air conditioning box 2 is divided into an air inlet section 3, a communication section 4 and an air outlet section 5, one end of the air inlet section 3 is communicated with one end of the air outlet section 5 through the communication section 4, and the air outlet section 5 is communicated with the bottom surface of the pretreatment box 1; the temperature regulating mechanism comprises a condenser 6, a heat absorption component and a refrigeration component 9; the condenser 6 is arranged in the inner cavity of the pretreatment box 1, the heat absorption component is arranged between the air inlet section 3 and the air outlet section 5, the upper end and the lower end of the heat absorption component respectively penetrate through the air inlet section 3 and the air outlet section 5, and the refrigeration component 9 is arranged on one side of the air conditioning box 2 and is respectively communicated with the condenser 6 and the heat absorption component; the bottom surface of the air inlet section 3 is communicated with a water collecting tank 28, the water collecting tank 28 is communicated with a water pumping assembly, the water pumping assembly is communicated with an atomized spray head 10, so that the too dry soil is convenient to be humidified, and the spray head 10 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment tank 1 and is arranged towards the stirring mechanism; the crushing mechanism and the stirring mechanism are respectively and fixedly connected with the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment tank 1, the crushing mechanism is arranged above the stirring mechanism, and the stirring mechanism is arranged above the condenser 6.
Further, the condenser 6 is a component of a refrigeration system, which is a type of heat exchanger, capable of converting a gas or vapor into a liquid, and transferring the heat from the tube to the air in the vicinity of the tube in a rapid manner. Which is prior art and will not be described in detail herein.
Further, the refrigeration unit 9 includes a compressor and other components matched with the compressor, and can draw the refrigerant back from the condenser 6 and convey the refrigerant to the heat absorption unit for evaporation, which is the prior art and will not be described herein.
The invention can crush the hardened soil to be detected through the stirring mechanism and the crushing mechanism, and pump water condensed from the heat absorbing component out of the water collecting tank 28 through the water pumping component and spray the water into the stirring mechanism by utilizing the atomized spray head 10, so as to realize pretreatment of the hardened soil before detection, realize pretreatment of the soil and reuse of water resources; in addition, the invention can utilize the air conditioning box 2 to dry the air, and complete the drying treatment of the wet soil through the stirring mechanism, thereby realizing flexible use among a plurality of mechanisms and improving the application range of the soil pretreatment.
In a further optimized scheme, the crushing mechanism comprises two oppositely arranged crushing jaws, each crushing jaw comprises an inclined jaw 13 and a straight jaw 14, the top surface of each straight jaw 14 is fixedly connected with one side surface of each inclined jaw 13, a plurality of grinding teeth 15 which are arranged in parallel along the inclined direction of each inclined jaw 13 are fixedly connected to the opposite side surfaces of the two inclined jaws 13, a plurality of grinding grooves which are arranged vertically to each other are respectively formed in the opposite side surfaces of the two straight jaws 14, and the two straight jaws 14 are in clearance fit; the bottom surface of the straight jaw 14 is fixedly connected with a filter screen 16, the same side surfaces of the straight jaw 14 and the inclined jaw 13 are fixedly connected with a tarpaulin 17, and the bottom end of the tarpaulin 17 is fixedly connected with the side surface of the filter screen 16; any one inclined jaw 13 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment tank 1, the other inclined jaw 13 and a straight jaw 14 fixedly connected with the inclined jaw 13 are respectively and slidably connected with the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment tank 1 through a guide pillar 18, a toggle rod 20 is fixedly connected with one side surface of the straight jaw 14, and the toggle rod 20 is detachably connected with a stirring mechanism; the one end cover that guide pillar 18 is close to pretreatment case 1 lateral wall is equipped with spring 19, and the both ends of spring 19 are inconsistent with pretreatment case 1 lateral wall, broken jaw's side respectively, and spring 19 can give broken jaw certain restoring force, has realized that two broken jaws file each other and has moved, is provided with rabbling mechanism under the filter screen 16.
Further, the grinding teeth 15 are polygonal prisms, preferably triangular prisms.
Further, the screen 16 is a woven flexible screen, and the screen 16 between the bottoms of the two straight jaws 14 is provided with a sufficient margin to facilitate the filing of the two straight jaws 14 with each other.
Further, the tarpaulin 17 fixed between the two inclined jaws 13 is provided with a sufficient margin, so that the two inclined jaws 13 can file mutually.
Further optimizing scheme, rabbling mechanism includes double-end motor 21 and bin 22, double-end motor 21 passes through dead lever and pretreatment case 1 inner chamber lateral wall fixed connection, double-end motor 21's output shaft top rigid coupling has eccentric wheel 23, eccentric wheel 23 and the detachable connection of stirring rod 20 side, through the rotation of eccentric wheel 23, the interval contact with stirring rod 20 has been realized, the crushing jaw's that has realized to guide pillar 18 sliding connection through extrusion stirring rod 20 reciprocating motion, the grinding of soil to the slab through the crushing jaw has also been realized, double-end motor 21's output shaft bottom rigid coupling has stirring rake 24, stirring rake 24 sets up in bin 22 inner chamber, bin 22 sets up in pretreatment case 1 inner chamber middle part through a plurality of frame strips 25, bin 22 has realized quick taking out bin 22 from pretreatment case 1 inner chamber through frame strip 25, and collect the soil in the bin 22.
Further optimizing scheme, the bottom surface of the stock box 22 is provided with two layers, namely a metal dense-pore net 26 and a breathable dust filtering layer 27; the top surface of the dense mesh 26 is attached to the bottom surface of the stirring paddle 24 and is in sliding connection, and the bottom surface of the dense mesh 26 is attached to the top surface of the dust filtering layer 27. The bottom surface of the dust filter layer 27 is in sliding contact with the top surface of the rack bar 25.
Further, the dense mesh 26 is preferably a stainless steel metal dense mesh capable of rubbing against the bottom surface of the stirring paddle 24 to further grind and stir the soil.
Further optimizing scheme, the spout has been seted up to pretreatment case 1 inner chamber opposite lateral wall, and the both ends of frame strip 25 pass through spout and pretreatment case 1 sliding connection.
Further optimizing scheme, the heat absorption assembly includes heat pipe 7 and cooling tank 8, the top of heat pipe 7 runs through section of giving vent to anger 5 and sets up in section of giving vent to anger 5 inner chamber, the bottom of heat pipe 7 runs through top surface and the bottom surface of cooling tank 8 in proper order, section of admitting air 3 and set up in section of admitting air 3 inner chamber, be provided with the evaporimeter (not shown in the drawing) in the cooling tank 8, the evaporimeter is with refrigeration assembly 9 rigid coupling and intercommunication, cooling tank 8 can carry out the auxiliary cooling liquefaction with the refrigerant at middle part in the heat pipe 7, realize the assistance to heat pipe 7, avoid heat pipe 7 to work for a long time and cause the problem emergence that the cooling capacity is not enough.
Furthermore, the evaporator is an important part in four refrigeration parts, and low-temperature condensed liquid passes through the evaporator to exchange heat with outside air, so that gasification absorbs heat and the refrigeration effect is achieved. Which is prior art and will not be described in detail herein.
Further optimizing scheme, the pump water subassembly includes water purifier 11 and water pump 12, and water purifier 11 one end and header tank rigid coupling and intercommunication, and water purifier 11's the other end and water pump 12 rigid coupling and intercommunication, water pump 12's play water end and shower nozzle 10 rigid coupling and intercommunication, and water purifier 11 and water pump 12 set up respectively in the one side of pretreatment tank 1. In order to avoid the interference of microorganisms in the condensed water in the water collection tank 28 with the soil to be detected, the condensed water pumped by the water pump 12 needs to be filtered out of impurities and microorganisms therein through the water filter 11 and then mixed with the dry soil.
Further, the water pump 12 is a quantitative water pump, which can quantitatively output the pumped liquid, and is a prior art, and will not be described herein.
Further, the water filter 11 and the water collection tank 28, the refrigeration unit 9, the condenser 6, the evaporator, the water pump 12 and the spray head 10 are all connected through pipes, and all the pipes are hidden in order to avoid the complicated line of the drawing.
Further, in order to avoid the problem of insufficient condensed water due to large detection amount, another water supplementing line (not shown in the drawings) should be provided at the water inlet end of the water filter 11, which is a prior art and will not be described herein.
Further optimizing scheme, the bottom of heat pipe 7 sets up in the header tank 28 open-ended directly over, the collection of the comdenstion water of being convenient for.
Further optimizing scheme, the venthole has been seted up to pretreatment case 1 inner chamber bottom surface, and the rigid coupling has the fan in the venthole, has utilized the fan to quicken the air flow in the pretreatment case 1 to through blowing the air after drying to condenser 6, realized the utilization to the heat of condenser 6.
Further optimizing scheme, the heat insulation layer has all been laid to air conditioning case 2 lateral wall, has improved the utilization efficiency of evaporimeter.
The working procedure of this embodiment is as follows:
when the soil to be detected is seriously hardened, firstly, the hardened soil is weighed and detected to determine the water content, then the hardened soil is put into a crushing jaw, a double-headed motor 21 is started to drive an eccentric wheel 23 to realize intermittent sliding contact with a toggle rod 20, lateral force of the crushing jaw at one side is given to enable the crushing jaw to move along a guide pillar 18, the movement of the crushing jaw extrudes a spring 19, when the eccentric wheel 23 is separated from the toggle rod 20, the spring 19 pushes back the crushing jaw to realize mutual filing of the two crushing jaws, relative movement of the two crushing jaws is realized, continuous grinding of the hardened soil blocks from large to small is realized, fine grinding is performed again when the ground fine soil blocks enter a gap between the two straight jaws 14, finally the ground fine soil blocks fall into a filter screen 16 at the bottom surface of the straight jaws 14, the filter screen 16 sieves ground soil powder into a storage box 22 under continuous filing of the two straight jaws 14, at the moment, the stirring paddle 24 continuously stirs, and the water is quantitatively added from a water collecting box 28 according to the previous weighing and calculating, and the water quantity of the water required to be sprayed from the water collecting box 28 is 40%. At this time, the blower at the bottom of the pretreatment tank 1 is temporarily not started.
When the soil to be detected is relatively moist, the moisture content of the soil sample is determined, then the quantitative soil is directly put into the storage box 22, the double-head motor 21 is started, the stirring of the soil is started, the fan heats the dry air pumped out from the air conditioning box 2 through the condenser 6 and blows the dry air into the dust filtering layer on the bottom surface of the storage box 22, the drying of the moist soil is realized, the soil sample is required to be continuously stopped and weighed for detection in the process, and whether the moisture content reaches the preset requirement is determined.
Furthermore, in order to reduce the complicated steps of extracting and measuring the moisture content of the soil sample, the soil moisture content sensor can be inserted into the soil sample at regular intervals, and the soil moisture content sensor is connected with the soil moisture content measuring instrument, so that the rapid detection of the moisture content of the soil sample is realized. Wherein the soil moisture content sensor and the soil moisture content measuring instrument are all of the prior art, and are not described herein.
In the process of starting the fan, external air enters from the air inlet section 3 and passes through the bottom end of the heat pipe 7 to realize cooling, water vapor in the air condenses and drops into the water collecting tank 28, the dried air enters into the air outlet section 5 through the communication section 4, heat exchange is carried out through the top end of the heat pipe 7, the temperature of the air is raised, and the drying effect of the dried air is improved.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The sample pretreatment device for detecting the soil microorganisms is characterized by comprising a pretreatment box (1), an air conditioning box (2), a stirring mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a temperature regulating mechanism; the air conditioning box (2) is of a U-shaped structure, the air conditioning box (2) is divided into an air inlet section (3), a communication section (4) and an air outlet section (5), one end of the air inlet section (3) is communicated with one end of the air outlet section (5) through the communication section (4), and the air outlet section (5) is communicated with the bottom surface of the pretreatment box (1); the temperature regulating mechanism comprises a condenser (6), a heat absorbing component and a refrigerating component (9); the condenser (6) is arranged in the inner cavity of the pretreatment box (1), the heat absorption component is arranged between the air inlet section (3) and the air outlet section (5), the upper end and the lower end of the heat absorption component respectively penetrate through the air inlet section (3) and the air outlet section (5), and the refrigeration component (9) is arranged on one side of the air conditioning box (2) and is respectively communicated with the condenser (6) and the heat absorption component; the bottom surface of the air inlet section (3) is communicated with a water collecting tank, the water collecting tank is communicated with a water pumping assembly, the water pumping assembly is communicated with a spray head (10), and the spray head (10) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment tank (1) and is arranged towards the stirring mechanism; the crushing mechanism is fixedly connected with the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment box (1) respectively, the crushing mechanism is arranged above the stirring mechanism, and the stirring mechanism is arranged above the condenser (6).
2. The sample pretreatment apparatus for soil microorganism detection according to claim 1, wherein: the crushing mechanism comprises two oppositely arranged crushing jaws, each crushing jaw comprises an inclined jaw (13) and a straight jaw (14), the top surface of each straight jaw (14) is fixedly connected with one side surface of each inclined jaw (13), a plurality of grinding teeth (15) which are arranged in parallel along the inclined direction of each inclined jaw (13) are fixedly connected to the opposite side surfaces of the two inclined jaws (13), a plurality of grinding grooves which are arranged vertically are respectively arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the two straight jaws (14), and the two straight jaws (14) are in clearance fit; the bottom surface of the straight jaw (14) is fixedly connected with a filter screen (16), the same side surfaces of the straight jaw (14) and the inclined jaw (13) are fixedly connected with a tarpaulin (17), and the bottom end of the tarpaulin (17) is fixedly connected with the side surface of the filter screen (16); any one inclined jaw (13) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment box (1), the other inclined jaw (13) and the straight jaw (14) fixedly connected with the inclined jaw are respectively and slidably connected with the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment box (1) through guide posts (18), a poking rod (20) is fixedly connected with one side surface of the straight jaw (14), and the poking rod (20) is detachably connected with the stirring mechanism; a spring (19) is sleeved at one end of the guide post (18) close to the side wall of the pretreatment box (1), and two ends of the spring (19) are respectively abutted against the side surfaces of the side wall of the pretreatment box (1) and the crushing jaw; the stirring mechanism is arranged right below the filter screen (16).
3. The sample pretreatment apparatus for soil microorganism detection according to claim 2, wherein: the stirring mechanism comprises a double-headed motor (21) and a stock box (22), the double-headed motor (21) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the inner cavity of the pretreatment box (1) through a fixed rod, an eccentric wheel (23) is fixedly connected to the top end of an output shaft of the double-headed motor (21), the eccentric wheel (23) is detachably connected with the side face of a poking rod (20), a stirring paddle (24) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the output shaft of the double-headed motor (21), the stirring paddle (24) is arranged in the inner cavity of the stock box (22), and the stock box (22) is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the pretreatment box (1) through a plurality of rack bars (25).
4. A sample pretreatment apparatus for soil microorganism detection as claimed in claim 3, wherein: two layers of dense hole meshes (26) and breathable dust filtering layers (27) which are respectively made of metal are arranged on the bottom surface of the storage box (22); the top surface of the dense hole net (26) is attached to the bottom surface of the stirring paddle (24) and is in sliding connection, the bottom surface of the dense hole net (26) is attached to the top surface of the dust filtering layer (27), and the bottom surface of the dust filtering layer (27) is in sliding contact with the top surface of the rack bar (25).
5. A sample pretreatment apparatus for soil microorganism detection as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the opposite side walls of the inner cavity of the pretreatment box (1) are provided with sliding grooves, and two ends of the rack bar (25) are in sliding connection with the pretreatment box (1) through the sliding grooves.
6. The sample pretreatment apparatus for soil microorganism detection according to claim 1, wherein: the heat absorption assembly comprises a heat pipe (7) and a cooling box (8), the top end of the heat pipe (7) penetrates through the air outlet section (5) and is arranged in the inner cavity of the air outlet section (5), the bottom end of the heat pipe (7) sequentially penetrates through the top surface and the bottom surface of the cooling box (8), the air inlet section (3) is arranged in the inner cavity of the air inlet section (3), and an evaporator is arranged in the cooling box (8) and fixedly connected and communicated with the refrigerating assembly (9).
7. The sample pretreatment apparatus for soil microorganism detection according to claim 1, wherein: the water pumping assembly comprises a water filter (11) and a water pump (12), one end of the water filter (11) is fixedly connected and communicated with the water collecting tank, the other end of the water filter (11) is fixedly connected and communicated with the water pump (12), the water outlet end of the water pump (12) is fixedly connected and communicated with the spray head (10), and the water filter (11) and the water pump (12) are respectively arranged on one side of the pretreatment tank (1).
8. The sample pretreatment apparatus for soil microorganism detection according to claim 6, wherein: the bottom end of the heat pipe (7) is arranged right above the water collection tank opening.
9. The sample pretreatment apparatus for soil microorganism detection according to claim 1, wherein: an air outlet hole is formed in the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the pretreatment box (1), and a fan is fixedly connected in the air outlet hole.
10. The sample pretreatment apparatus for soil microorganism detection according to claim 1, wherein: and the side walls of the air conditioning box (2) are respectively laid with a heat insulation layer.
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| CN115197816B true CN115197816B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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