CN115196632A - Preparation method and application of graphene-based photothermal conversion material - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of graphene-based photothermal conversion material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115196632A CN115196632A CN202210830723.9A CN202210830723A CN115196632A CN 115196632 A CN115196632 A CN 115196632A CN 202210830723 A CN202210830723 A CN 202210830723A CN 115196632 A CN115196632 A CN 115196632A
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- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
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- C01B32/956—Silicon carbide
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- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
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- C01B32/182—Graphene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a graphene-based photothermal conversion material, and belongs to the technical field of photothermal conversion materials. The preparation method of the graphene-based photothermal conversion material comprises the following steps: ultrasonically mixing silicon carbide in a graphene oxide solution to obtain a GO mixed solution; adding a surfactant into water, stirring and standing until all bubbles stand on the liquid surface to form bubble clusters; adding the obtained bubble clusters into the GO mixed solution, and stirring to obtain a composite precursor; and (3) rapidly freezing the composite precursor, then freezing and drying to obtain GO-SiC foam, and finally carrying out thermal reduction to obtain the graphene-based photothermal conversion material. According to the graphene-based silicon carbide composite porous foam synthesized by the invention, the light absorption capacity of the foam is improved by adding the silicon carbide, the hydrophilicity, the structural stability and the like of the foam can be improved by a silicon dioxide layer formed by the reaction of GO and the silicon carbide, a foundation is laid for improving the steam conversion efficiency of RGO-SiC, and the graphene-based silicon carbide composite porous foam has a good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photothermal conversion materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a graphene-based photothermal conversion material.
Background
Fresh water is one of the essential resources in daily life and industrial production, but the fresh water resource is more and more scarce due to the rapid increase of population and the rapid development of economy. It is expected that about two thirds of the world will face a shortage of fresh water and its associated set of problems in 2025. In response to the current scarcity of fresh water, researchers have provided a range of solutions, with desalination being considered one of the most feasible. Seawater desalination technologies generally comprise reverse osmosis, multistage flash evaporation, electrodialysis and the like, but the technologies usually consume non-renewable energy directly or indirectly and generate environmental pollution, which is not beneficial to sustainable development; therefore, the development of a novel seawater desalination technology is imperative.
The light-steam conversion technology, especially the interface light-steam conversion technology [ Nature communication.2014,5,4449] has self-proposed and attracted extensive attention because it completely takes clean energy as power and has high energy conversion efficiency; the solar energy is converted into heat energy rapidly by utilizing the property that a photo-thermal material absorbs the solar energy, so that seawater is evaporated and fresh water is obtained by condensation. The photo-thermal materials commonly used at present are: semiconductor materials [ Advanced materials.2017,29,1603730], plasmon nano materials [ nanoscales.2018, 10,6186], carbon-based materials [ Small.2021,48,2007176], and the like. The semiconductor material has low cost and multiple types, but most of the traditional semiconductors are wide band gap semiconductors, and extra cost or time is usually needed to shorten the band gap of the semiconductor so as to achieve high absorption of solar energy; the plasmon nanometer material has good photo-thermal property, but the cost is high, and the preparation process is complex; carbon-based materials, particularly graphene-based materials, have been studied extensively for their good light absorption, structural tunability, and chemical stability. However, graphene-based materials do not have ideal light absorption in the infrared band of the solar spectrum; as a typical two-dimensional material, graphene-based materials are also not conducive to water transport; in addition, the synthesis process (e.g. vapor deposition method, hydrothermal method) of the graphene-based material commonly adopted at present has the defects of complexity, poor controllability and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects mentioned in the background art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of a graphene-based photothermal conversion material, and aims to solve the technical problems of low light absorption rate, low light-steam conversion efficiency, high cost, complex synthesis process and the like of the traditional photothermal conversion material.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of a graphene-based photothermal conversion material, which comprises the following steps:
1) Ultrasonically stirring silicon carbide in a graphene oxide solution to obtain a GO mixed solution;
2) Adding a surfactant into water, stirring and standing until all bubbles stand on the liquid surface to form bubble clusters;
3) Adding the bubble clusters obtained in the step 2) into the GO mixed solution obtained in the step 1), and stirring to obtain a composite precursor;
4) And (3) rapidly freezing the composite precursor, then freezing and drying to obtain GO-SiC foam, and finally performing heat treatment to obtain the graphene-based photothermal conversion material.
Further, the mass ratio of the silicon carbide to the graphene oxide in the step 1) is 1:3.
Further, the surfactant in the step 2) is Pluronic F127; the F127 bubble clusters were prepared using the property of the surfactant Pluronic F127 to generate a large number of stable bubbles under high speed agitation.
Further, in the step 3), specifically, the bubble clusters are used as soft templates, and the silicon carbide modified GO sheets are guided to be distributed and arranged at the edges of the bubbles to form a GO composite precursor guided by the soft templates.
Further, the step 4) of quick freezing is to freeze in liquid nitrogen for 3-5min; the purpose of adopting liquid nitrogen for quick freezing is to greatly keep the original arrangement of the GO composite precursor; in addition, the ice crystals frozen from the deionized water in the GO solution also served as soft templates providing a large number of open pores for subsequent samples.
Further, the heat treatment in step 4) is: and transferring the GO-SiC foam into a furnace, heating to 150-200 ℃, preserving heat for 4-6h, and cooling along with the furnace.
Further, the heating rate is 5 ℃/min, and the heating and heat preservation processes are all carried out in inert atmosphere.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the composite interconnected porous material of reduced graphene oxide-silicon carbide (RGO-SiC) is synthesized by using the F127 soft template, and compared with the traditional vapor deposition and hydrothermal method, the method is simpler and has low cost. The dual templates of F127 bubble clusters and ice crystals mean more pore formation which is more favorable for water transport and steam egress in the material. In addition, in the thermal reduction step, new SiO is formed between the silicon carbide and the reduced graphene oxide 2 Layers, the chemically bonded composite material being more structurally and chemically stable than the van der waals bonded composite material, siO 2 The layer is also beneficial to improving the hydrophilicity and the local heat of the material, and lays a foundation for improving the steam conversion efficiency of the RGO-SiC. The light absorption performance of the pure graphene-based material in an infrared region is improved by compounding the silicon carbide nanoparticles and the reduced graphene oxide, under the irradiation of 1 sunlight, the light absorption rate of the material in the full spectrum of sunlight (300-2500 nm) reaches 90%, and the light absorption rate of the pure reduced graphene oxide in the full spectrum of sunlight is only 85%. The addition of the zero-dimensional material silicon carbide nanoparticles also improves the water transport kinetics of the reduced graphene oxide two-dimensional sheet, and water drops nucleated and grown on the silicon carbide particles have larger sizes and faster transport rates. In addition, the invention has good photo-thermal conversion efficiency, under 1 sunlight intensity irradiation, the surface temperature of the material can rise to 84 ℃ within 5min, and can reach 71.2 ℃ within 1min, while the photo-thermal conversion material synthesized by Fan et al only rises to 68.9 ℃ within 1min [ Advanced Functional materials.2020,30,2007110 ℃ ]]. The material is applied to the interface light-steam conversion technology, and the water evaporation rate of the material is 0.9k compared with that of the prior graphene-based light-heat conversion material (the graphene-based material synthesized by Wang et al has the water evaporation rate of 0.9 k) under the intensity of 1 sunlightg/m -2 ·h -1 [Chemistry of materials.2017,29,5629]The light-steam conversion efficiency of the graphene-based material designed by Ming et al only reaches 90.7% [ carbon.2020,167, 285%]) The invention has higher water evaporation rate and energy conversion efficiency which respectively reach 1.85kg/m -2 ·h -1 And 95%.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an SEM image of a photothermal conversion material prepared in example 1 of the present invention at 1200 times magnification.
Fig. 2 is an SEM image at 2400 times magnification of the photothermal conversion material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an EDS elemental distribution diagram of the photothermal conversion material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a physical diagram of a photothermal conversion material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an XRD diffraction pattern of the photothermal conversion material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an XPS spectrum of the photothermal conversion material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Figure 7 is an absorbance curve over the full spectrum of solar light for doped and undoped SiC nanoparticle RGO foams.
Fig. 8 is an in-situ ESEM image of the photothermal conversion material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a graph of the change in surface temperature of doped and undoped SiC nanoparticles RGO foams at 1 sun light intensity for 5min.
Figure 10 is a plot of water evaporation quality versus time for doped and undoped SiC nanoparticle RGO foams irradiated under 1 sun light intensity for 60 min.
Fig. 11 is an SEM image at 1200 times magnification of the photothermal conversion material prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is an SEM image of a photothermal conversion material prepared in example 2 of the present invention at 2400 times magnification.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1
1. And (3) uniformly mixing SiC and GO: adding 5mg of SiC powder into a 1wt% GO aqueous solution, magnetically stirring for 10min, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1h, and alternately performing 3 times to obtain a GO mixed solution.
2. F127 bubble cluster preparation: 0.1g of Pluronic F127 powder was added to 99mL of deionized water, magnetically stirred at high speed for 5min, and allowed to stand for 1min after stirring was complete until all bubbles were on the surface.
3. Soft template guided GO composite precursor formation: and adding 0.1g of F127 bubble clusters into the GO mixed solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 260rpm for 2h to obtain a composite precursor with GO sheets arranged on the surfaces of the F127 bubbles.
4. And (3) quick freezing: the obtained GO composite precursor was rapidly placed in liquid nitrogen to freeze for 5min until the liquid was completely frozen.
5. And (3) freeze drying: and putting the frozen sample into a freeze dryer, and taking out after 12 hours to obtain GO-SiC foam.
6. Thermal reduction: and placing the GO-SiC foam in a tubular furnace, heating to 150 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min in the atmosphere of argon, preserving heat for 6h, and taking out after the furnace is cooled.
Example 2
1. And (3) uniformly mixing SiC and GO: adding 4mg of SiC powder into a 1wt% GO aqueous solution, magnetically stirring for 10min, performing ultrasonic treatment for 1h, and alternately performing 3 times to obtain a GO mixed solution.
2. F127 bubble cluster preparation: 0.1g of Pluronic F127 powder was added to 99mL of deionized water, magnetically stirred at high speed for 5min, and allowed to stand for 1min after stirring was complete until all bubbles were on the surface.
3. Soft template guided GO composite precursor formation: and adding 0.1g of F127 bubble clusters into the GO mixed solution, and stirring at the rotating speed of 280rpm for 2h to obtain a composite precursor with GO sheets arranged on the surfaces of the F127 bubbles.
4. And (3) quick freezing: the obtained GO composite precursor was rapidly placed in liquid nitrogen to freeze for 5min until the liquid was completely frozen.
5. And (3) freeze drying: and putting the frozen sample into a freeze dryer, and taking out after 12 hours to obtain GO-SiC foam.
6. Thermal reduction: and placing the GO-SiC foam in a tubular furnace, heating to 150 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min in the atmosphere of argon, preserving heat for 6h, and taking out after the furnace is cooled.
Fig. 1, 2, 11, and 12 are SEM images of the photothermal conversion materials prepared in examples 1 and 2 at 1200/2400 times magnification, thereby demonstrating the formation of a porous structure and the presence of silicon carbide nanoparticles. Fig. 3 is an EDS elemental distribution diagram of the photothermal conversion material prepared in example 1, and also demonstrates the presence of silicon carbide nanoparticles. Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the photothermal conversion material prepared in example 1. Fig. 5 is an XRD diffraction pattern of the photothermal conversion material prepared in example 1, PDF card of SiC: JCPDS No.29-1131, confirms the successful thermal reduction of GO foam and the presence of silicon carbide nanoparticles. FIG. 6 is an XPS spectrum of the photothermal conversion material prepared in example 1, demonstrating SiO after thermal reduction 2 And (4) forming an interface. Figure 7 is an absorbance curve over the full spectrum of solar light for RGO foams doped and undoped SiC nanoparticles. Fig. 8 is an in-situ ESEM image of the photothermal conversion material prepared in example 1 of the present invention, demonstrating that water droplets on SiC nanoparticles have a faster transport speed and a larger size. FIG. 9 is a graph of the change in surface temperature of doped and undoped SiC nanoparticles RGO foams at 1 sun light intensity for 5min. FIG. 10 is a graph of the change in water evaporation quality over time for doped and undoped SiC nanoparticle RGO foams irradiated for 60min at 1 sun light intensity.
The embodiments described above represent only a few preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are described in greater detail and detail, but not intended to limit the invention. It should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a graphene-based photothermal conversion material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Ultrasonically stirring silicon carbide in a graphene oxide solution to obtain a GO mixed solution;
2) Adding a surfactant into water, stirring and standing until all bubbles stand on the liquid surface to form bubble clusters;
3) Adding the bubble clusters obtained in the step 2) into the GO mixed solution obtained in the step 1), and stirring to obtain a composite precursor;
4) And (3) rapidly freezing the composite precursor, then carrying out freeze drying to obtain GO-SiC foam, and finally carrying out heat treatment to obtain the graphene-based photothermal conversion material.
2. The method for preparing the graphene-based photothermal conversion material according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the silicon carbide to the graphene oxide in step 1) is 1:3.
3. The method for preparing the graphene-based photothermal conversion material according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant of step 2) is Pluronic F127.
4. The method for preparing the graphene-based photothermal conversion material according to claim 1, wherein in step 3), specifically, the bubble clusters are used as soft templates, and the silicon carbide-modified GO sheets are guided to be distributed and arranged at the edges of the bubbles to form a GO composite precursor guided by the soft templates.
5. The method for preparing the graphene-based photothermal conversion material according to claim 1, wherein the step 4) of rapid freezing is freezing in liquid nitrogen for 3-5min.
6. The method for producing the graphene-based photothermal conversion material according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment of step 4) is: and transferring the GO-SiC foam into a furnace, heating to 150-200 ℃, preserving heat for 4-6h, and cooling along with the furnace.
7. The method for preparing the graphene-based photothermal conversion material according to claim 1, wherein the heating rate is 5 ℃/min, and the heating and holding processes are all performed in an inert atmosphere.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102659099A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-09-12 | 上海第二工业大学 | Preparation method of anisotropic graphene foam |
| US20210253431A1 (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2021-08-19 | Zhejiang University | Photothermal evaporation material integrating light absorption and thermal insulation, preparation application thereof, use thereof |
| CN114605855A (en) * | 2022-03-20 | 2022-06-10 | 南昌大学 | Preparation method of super-hydrophobic coating with anti-icing/deicing function |
| CN114604857A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-10 | 重庆东星炭素材料有限公司 | Graphitization treatment method for graphene heat-conducting film |
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- 2022-07-14 CN CN202210830723.9A patent/CN115196632A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102659099A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-09-12 | 上海第二工业大学 | Preparation method of anisotropic graphene foam |
| US20210253431A1 (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2021-08-19 | Zhejiang University | Photothermal evaporation material integrating light absorption and thermal insulation, preparation application thereof, use thereof |
| CN114604857A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-10 | 重庆东星炭素材料有限公司 | Graphitization treatment method for graphene heat-conducting film |
| CN114605855A (en) * | 2022-03-20 | 2022-06-10 | 南昌大学 | Preparation method of super-hydrophobic coating with anti-icing/deicing function |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| YANJUN LI ET AL.: "Simultaneous engineering on absorption window and transportation geometry of graphene-based foams toward high-performance solar steam generator", 《APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE》 * |
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