CN115181921A - Heat treatment process for 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/003—Alloys based on aluminium containing at least 2.6% of one or more of the elements: tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and titanium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment process for a 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar, which belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy heat treatment, and particularly comprises the steps of carrying out two-stage solution treatment on an aluminum alloy material needing heat treatment, simultaneously carrying out quenching treatment on the aluminum alloy material after the solution treatment, and then carrying out aging treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy material to obtain the aluminum alloy extruded bar after the heat treatment. According to the invention, after the aluminum alloy material is subjected to two-stage solution treatment, the second-phase particles in the alloy can be more fully dissolved in the matrix, so that the solution effect can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, after the aging treatment, the tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation of the alloy can be improved, good comprehensive mechanical properties can be obtained, and the mechanical properties and the conductivity of the aluminum alloy can be improved during heat treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy heat treatment, and particularly relates to a heat treatment process for a 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar.
Background
The 7 series aluminum alloy belongs to Al-Zn-Mg-Cu series alloy, is widely applied to modern aerospace industry and some civil transportation tools, and has the advantages of low density, high strength, good corrosion resistance, good processing performance and the like. However, the rapid development of the aerospace industry and the transportation industry has put increasing demands on the structure (grain size, etc.) and properties (strength, ductility, modulus, quench sensitivity, corrosion resistance, etc.) of aluminum alloys. The developed countries are early in research and initiation, so that the research on the high-strength aluminum alloy is mature at present, compared with the foreign countries, the research on the high-strength aluminum alloy in China has a larger gap from basic theories and process technologies and the perfection degree of the technical level compared with the developed countries, the research on the heat treatment process is mainly based on the traditional single heat treatment process, so that a certain property of the material is improved, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the material is not obviously improved. The traditional strengthening methods such as alloying, strain strengthening, precipitation strengthening and the like can improve the strength of the alloy, but the conductivity of the material is reduced due to the increase of solid solution atoms of alloy elements, the introduction of crystal defects (point defects, dislocation, grain boundaries and the like) and the generation of high-density precipitated phases to enhance the scattering of conductive electrons. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a method for simultaneously improving the mechanical property and the electrical conductivity of the 7-series aluminum alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to solve the problem that the traditional strengthening method reduces the conductivity of the material, a heat treatment process of a 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a 7 series aluminum alloy extrusion rod heat treatment process, specifically includes that will carry out the heat treatment aluminum alloy material is through doublestage solution treatment, carries out quenching to the aluminum alloy material after solution treatment simultaneously, then carries out ageing treatment to the aluminum alloy material after quenching and obtains after the heat treatment aluminum alloy extrusion rod.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the two-stage solid solution method comprises the steps of heating the aluminum alloy material to be processed for multiple times, waiting for heat preservation for a period of time, and then carrying out quenching treatment.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the first stage heating temperature of the two-stage solid solution is 455-465 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 40-80 min, and the second stage heating temperature is 470-480 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 40-80 min.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the aging treatment comprises the step of aging treatment of the aluminum alloy after the solution treatment at the temperature of 115-145 ℃, wherein the heat preservation time is 20-26 h.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the solid solution equipment is a roller hearth quenching furnace unit, and double-stage solid solution is carried out through hot air circulation during solid solution.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the transfer time from the solid solution to the quenching treatment is 10S, the quenching medium in the step S1 is water, and the temperature is 20-35 ℃.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the aluminum alloy material comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: sn:3% -4%, cu:3% -4%, fe:0.1% -0.3%, si: 0.05-0.1%, zn: 0.01-0.04 percent, and the balance of Al and impurities.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the smelting temperature of the aluminum alloy material is 740-760 ℃.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the surface treatment method of the aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps;
s1, wiping an aluminum alloy surface material by cotton yarn dipped with an organic solvent;
s2, standing the treated aluminum alloy surface, fixing the aluminum alloy material after the organic solvent is fully aired, and carrying out alkali washing on the aluminum alloy material surface by using sodium hydroxide at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ for 0.5-2min until oil on the workpiece surface is completely removed;
s3, washing with circulating water, namely washing the surface with alkali by using hot water at the temperature of 30-30 ℃ to clean alkaline substances on the surface of the workpiece; the surface pretreatment is completed.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, after the aluminum alloy material is subjected to two-stage solution treatment, the second-phase particles in the alloy can be more fully dissolved in the matrix, so that the solution effect on the aluminum alloy material can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, after the aluminum alloy material is subjected to aging treatment, the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the alloy can be fully improved, so that good comprehensive mechanical properties can be obtained, and the mechanical properties and conductivity of the aluminum alloy can be improved during heat treatment.
2. According to the invention, under the same solid solution time, compared with single-stage solid solution, the two-stage solid solution can improve the precipitation effect of the age hardening phase of the alloy and obtain higher conductivity, and meanwhile, the roller hearth furnace is used for solid solution in the aluminum alloy processing process, so that the dispersion distribution effect of response particles can be improved, the solid solubility of the supersaturated solid solution of the aluminum alloy is improved, the alloy structure after two-stage solid solution is more reasonable, and the method is beneficial to obtaining better performance and more ideal structure after aging treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an optical photomicrograph of the edge of a 7075 aluminum alloy prepared according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a center position optical micrograph of a 7075 aluminum alloy prepared according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an optical photomicrograph of the edge of a 7075 aluminum alloy prepared according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a center position optical micrograph of 7075 aluminum alloy prepared according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an edge contrast optical micrograph of 7075 aluminum alloy prepared using a single stage solution process according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a center position contrast optical micrograph of a 7075 aluminum alloy prepared using a single stage solution process according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a heat treatment process for a 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar comprises the following steps: selecting 7075 aluminum alloy for heat treatment;
first, two-stage solid solution: heating 7075 aluminum alloy to 455 ℃, and preserving heat for 45min; then heating to 475 ℃, preserving the temperature for 45min, and then carrying out quenching treatment.
Secondly, aging: carrying out aging treatment on the 7075 aluminum alloy subjected to the solution treatment at 120 ℃, wherein the heat preservation time is 24h;
the aluminum alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: sn:3% -4%, cu:3% -4%, fe: 0.1-0.3%, si: 0.05-0.1%, zn:0.01 to 0.04 percent, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities; the smelting temperature of the raw materials is 740 to 760 ℃;
wherein the transfer time from solution treatment to quenching treatment is not more than 10s.
Wherein the quenching medium is water, and the temperature is 25 ℃.
Example 2
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a heat treatment process for a 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar comprises the following steps: selecting 7075 aluminum alloy for heat treatment;
first, two-stage solid solution: heating 7075 aluminum alloy to 460 ℃, and preserving heat for 45min; then heating to 475 ℃, preserving the temperature for 40min, and then carrying out quenching treatment.
Secondly, aging: aging the 7075 aluminum alloy subjected to the solution treatment at 120 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 24 hours;
the aluminum alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: sn:3% -4%, cu:3% -4%, fe:0.1% -0.3%, si: 0.05-0.1%, zn:0.01 to 0.04 percent, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities; the smelting temperature of the raw materials is 740 to 760 ℃;
wherein the transition time from solution treatment to quenching treatment is not more than 10s.
Wherein the quenching medium is water, and the temperature is 25 ℃.
The raw materials prepared in examples 1-2 were subjected to a performance test while observing them under magnification by means of an optical microscope, and a commercially available conventional heat-treated aluminum material was used as a comparative example, and the data were as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, the principle tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and conductivity prepared in example 1 are superior to those of the comparative test group, and are preferred examples of the present invention.
Example 3
The invention provides a technical scheme that: the utility model provides a 7 system aluminum alloy extruded bar heat treatment process, specifically includes that will need carry out the heat treatment the aluminum alloy material passes through doublestage solution treatment, carries out quenching treatment to the aluminum alloy material after solution treatment simultaneously, then carries out aging treatment to the aluminum alloy material after quenching and obtains after heat treatment the aluminum alloy extruded bar, doublestage solid solution 'S method includes waiting to process the aluminum alloy material carries out quenching treatment again after heating and waiting for heat preservation for a period of time many times, doublestage solid solution' S first order heating temperature to 455 ℃, and the holding time is 40min, and second order heating temperature to 470 ℃, and the holding time is 40min, aging treatment includes that the aluminum alloy after solution treatment carries out aging treatment under 115 ℃, and the holding time is 20h, solid solution equipment is roller bottom formula quenching furnace unit, and carries out the solid solution through hot air circulation when solid solution, the transfer time to quenching treatment is 10S, and the quenching medium in step S1 is water, and the temperature is 20 ℃, each element content of aluminum alloy material is: sn:3% -4%, cu:3% -4%, fe:0.1% -0.3%, si: 0.05-0.1%, zn: 0.01-0.04 percent of aluminum alloy material, and the balance of Al and impurities, wherein the melting temperature of the aluminum alloy material is 740 ℃.
The surface treatment method of the aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps;
s1, wiping an aluminum alloy surface material by cotton yarn dipped with an organic solvent;
s2, standing the treated aluminum alloy surface, fixing the aluminum alloy material after the organic solvent is fully aired, and carrying out alkali washing on the aluminum alloy material surface by using sodium hydroxide at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ for 0.5-2min until oil on the workpiece surface is completely removed;
s3, washing with circulating water, namely washing the surface with alkali by using hot water at the temperature of 30-30 ℃ to clean alkaline substances on the surface of the workpiece; the surface pretreatment is completed.
Example 4
The invention provides a technical scheme that: the utility model provides a 7 system aluminum alloy extruded bar heat treatment process, specifically includes that will need carry out the heat treatment the aluminum alloy material passes through doublestage solution treatment, carries out quenching treatment to the aluminum alloy material after solution treatment simultaneously, then carries out aging treatment to the aluminum alloy material after quenching and obtains after heat treatment the aluminum alloy extruded bar, doublestage solid solution 'S method includes waiting to process the aluminum alloy material carries out quenching treatment again after heating and waiting for heat preservation for a period of time many times, doublestage solid solution' S first order heating temperature to 455 ℃, and the holding time is 60min, and second order heating temperature to 475 ℃, and the holding time is 60min, aging treatment includes that the aluminum alloy after solution treatment carries out aging treatment under 115 ~ 145 ℃, and the holding time is 23h, solid solution equipment is bottom roller quenching furnace set, and carries out doublestage through hot air circulation when the solution, the transfer time of solid solution to quenching treatment is 10S, and the quenching medium in step S1 is water, and the temperature is 28 ℃, each element content of solid solution alloy material is: sn:3% -4%, cu:3% -4%, fe:0.1% -0.3%, si: 0.05-0.1%, zn: 0.01-0.04 percent of aluminum alloy material, and the balance of Al and impurities, wherein the melting temperature of the aluminum alloy material is 750 ℃.
The surface treatment method comprises the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps;
s1, wiping an aluminum alloy surface material by dipping cotton yarn in an organic solvent;
s2, standing the treated aluminum alloy surface, waiting for the organic solvent to be fully dried, fixing the aluminum alloy material, and carrying out alkali washing on the aluminum alloy material surface by using sodium hydroxide at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ for 0.5-2min until oil stains on the workpiece surface are removed;
s3, washing with circulating water, namely washing the surface with alkali by using hot water at the temperature of 30-30 ℃ to clean alkaline substances on the surface of the workpiece; the surface pretreatment is completed.
Example 5
The invention provides a technical scheme that: the utility model provides a 7 is aluminium alloy extrusion rod heat treatment process, specifically includes that will carry out the heat treatment aluminium alloy material passes through doublestage solution treatment, carries out quenching to the aluminium alloy material after the solution treatment simultaneously, then carries out aging treatment to the aluminium alloy material after the quenching and obtains after the heat treatment aluminium alloy extrusion rod, doublestage solid solution 'S method includes waiting to process the aluminium alloy material carries out quenching again after heating and a period of waiting to keep warm through many times, doublestage solid solution' S first grade heating temperature to 465 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 80min, and at second grade heating temperature to 480 ℃, and heat preservation 80min, aging treatment includes that the aluminium alloy after the solution treatment carries out aging treatment under 145 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 26h, solid solution equipment is roller hearth quenching furnace group, and carries out doublestage solid solution through hot air circulation when solid solution, the transfer time of solid solution to quenching is 10S, and the quenching medium in step S1 is water, and the temperature is 35 ℃, the content of each element of aluminium alloy material is: sn:3% -4%, cu:3% -4%, fe:0.1% -0.3%, si: 0.05-0.1%, zn: 0.01-0.04 percent of aluminum alloy material, and the balance of Al and impurities, wherein the melting temperature of the aluminum alloy material is 760 ℃.
The surface treatment method of the aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps;
s1, wiping an aluminum alloy surface material by cotton yarn dipped with an organic solvent;
s2, standing the treated aluminum alloy surface, waiting for the organic solvent to be fully dried, fixing the aluminum alloy material, and carrying out alkali washing on the aluminum alloy material surface by using sodium hydroxide at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ for 0.5-2min until oil stains on the workpiece surface are removed;
s3, washing with circulating water, namely washing the surface with alkali by using hot water at the temperature of 30-30 ℃ to clean alkaline substances on the surface of the workpiece; the surface pretreatment is completed.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar heat treatment process is characterized by specifically comprising the steps of performing two-stage solution treatment on an aluminum alloy material to be subjected to heat treatment, simultaneously performing quenching treatment on the aluminum alloy material subjected to the solution treatment, and then performing aging treatment on the quenched aluminum alloy material to obtain the aluminum alloy extruded bar subjected to heat treatment.
2. The heat treatment process of the 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar according to claim 1, wherein the two-stage solid solution method comprises the steps of heating the aluminum alloy material to be processed for multiple times, keeping the temperature for a period of time, and then quenching the aluminum alloy material.
3. The heat treatment process for the 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar according to claim 2, wherein the first stage heating temperature of the two-stage solid solution is 455-465 ℃ and the holding time is 40-80 min, and the second stage heating temperature is 470-480 ℃ and the holding time is 40-80 min.
4. The heat treatment process for the 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar according to the claim 1, wherein the aging treatment comprises aging treatment of the aluminum alloy after the solution treatment at 115-145 ℃ for 20-26 h.
5. The heat treatment process for the 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar according to claim 1, wherein the solution treatment equipment is a roller hearth quenching furnace unit, and the two-stage solution treatment is performed through hot air circulation during solution treatment.
6. The heat treatment process for a 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar according to claim 1, wherein the transfer time from solution treatment to quenching treatment is 10S, the quenching medium in step S1 is water, and the temperature is 20-35 ℃.
7. The heat treatment process for the 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar according to claim 1, wherein the content of each element of the aluminum alloy material is as follows: sn:3% -4%, cu:3% -4%, fe:0.1% -0.3%, si: 0.05-0.1%, zn:0.01 to 0.04 percent, and the balance of Al and impurities.
8. The heat treatment process for the 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar according to claim 7, wherein the melting temperature of the aluminum alloy material is 740 to 760 ℃.
9. The heat treatment process for a 7-series aluminum alloy extruded bar according to claim 7, further comprising a surface treatment method for the aluminum alloy material: the method specifically comprises the following steps;
s1, wiping an aluminum alloy surface material by dipping cotton yarn in an organic solvent;
s2, standing the treated aluminum alloy surface, waiting for the organic solvent to be fully dried, fixing the aluminum alloy material, and carrying out alkali washing on the aluminum alloy material surface by using sodium hydroxide at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ for 0.5-2min until oil stains on the workpiece surface are removed;
s3, washing with circulating water, namely washing the surface with alkali by using hot water at the temperature of 30-30 ℃ to clean alkaline substances on the surface of the workpiece; the surface pretreatment is completed.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101994072A (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2011-03-30 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Heat treatment method for improving obdurability of 7-series high strength aluminium alloy |
| CN105349763A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-02-24 | 北京工业大学 | Postweld heat treatment technology of high-strength aluminum alloy welding joint |
| CN106435418A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆大学 | Heat treatment technology for improving intercrystalline corrosion resisting performance and stress corrosion resisting performance of 7-series aluminum alloy |
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- 2022-07-19 CN CN202210848458.7A patent/CN115181921A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101994072A (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2011-03-30 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Heat treatment method for improving obdurability of 7-series high strength aluminium alloy |
| CN105349763A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-02-24 | 北京工业大学 | Postweld heat treatment technology of high-strength aluminum alloy welding joint |
| CN106435418A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆大学 | Heat treatment technology for improving intercrystalline corrosion resisting performance and stress corrosion resisting performance of 7-series aluminum alloy |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王基月等: "双级固溶处理对7075高强铝合金组织和性能的影响", 《金属热处理》, vol. 45, no. 03, pages 166 - 168 * |
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