CN115181597A - Biomass fuel, preparation method thereof and application thereof in iron ore sintering - Google Patents
Biomass fuel, preparation method thereof and application thereof in iron ore sintering Download PDFInfo
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- CN115181597A CN115181597A CN202210778521.4A CN202210778521A CN115181597A CN 115181597 A CN115181597 A CN 115181597A CN 202210778521 A CN202210778521 A CN 202210778521A CN 115181597 A CN115181597 A CN 115181597A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/447—Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/48—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on industrial residues and waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
- C22B1/245—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic with carbonaceous material for the production of coked agglomerates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention relates to a biomass fuel, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in iron ore sintering. Firstly, heating biomass such as straws and the like to 400-700 ℃ in nitrogen atmosphere to carbonize the biomass, then crushing the carbonized biomass, uniformly mixing the crushed carbonized biomass with metallurgical dust and sludge with TFe content of 40-60%, and finally granulating to obtain the biomass fuel, wherein the biomass fuel can be used for sintering iron ores by partially replacing coke powder. The invention simultaneously solves the problems of poor quality of iron ore sintering mineral products and the like caused by treatment and utilization of metallurgical dust and mud and fast reactivity of biomass combustion, and can effectively reduce CO in the sintering process 2 Discharging, and is beneficial to realizing the carbon neutralization in the steel industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of iron and steel smelting, in particular to a biomass fuel, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in iron ore sintering.
Background
The iron and steel industry is the key industry of carbon emission in China, the carbon emission of the iron and steel industry accounts for about 16% of the total emission in China, and the carbon reduction pressure is huge. According to statistics, the output of crude steel in China is 10.53 hundred million tons in 2020, and 2.5 tons of CO are generated according to 1 ton of steel 2 Estimation, namely CO discharged by China's steel industry in 2020 2 The total amount was 26.33 hundred million tons. In order to realize the green low-carbon development of the steel industry, low-carbon metallurgy technical innovation must be developed. At present, the iron and steel industry in China mainly adopts a blast furnace process, and a large amount of CO is discharged in the iron ore sintering process 2 . Therefore, in the view of energy conservation and emission reduction, the novel environment-friendly fuel is developed to replace the traditional sintering fuel (such as coal), so that the carbon emission in the sintering process can be reduced or even eliminated from the source, and the aims of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization in the steel industry can be realized.
The biomass fuel is a renewable clean energy source, and has wide sources and huge reserves. Biomass absorbs CO in the growth process 2 CO produced during combustion 2 The biomass fuel is used for replacing the traditional sintering fuel, so that the carbon emission in the sintering process can be obviously reduced. However, the biomass fuel has the characteristics of looseness, porosity, fast combustion reaction, low heat value and the like, and has larger performance difference with the traditional sintering fuel such as coke powder, anthracite and the like, and when the biomass fuel is used for iron ore sintering instead of the coke powder and the anthracite, the good combustibility of the biomass fuel can cause the moving speed of a flame front in the sintering process to be faster than that of a thermal wave front, thereby influencing the temperature of a sintering material layer and reducing the quality of the sintering ore. Therefore, when the biomass fuel is applied to iron ore sintering, necessary pretreatment must be carried out on the biomass fuel, and the combustion reactivity of the biomass fuel is reduced.
In the production process of the steel industry, a large amount of metallurgical dust and mud can be generated, such as sintering dust, coke oven dust, blast furnace gas dust, converter OG mud, rolled steel sheet and the like, and the metallurgical dust and mud contains elements such as Fe, C, ca and the like, so that the metallurgical dust and mud is a secondary resource with high utilization value. At present, the common landfill disposal mode of metallurgical dust and mud wastes resources, causes huge pollution to the environment, and how to scientifically and efficiently utilize the metallurgical dust and mud is a hot point problem which needs to be solved urgently in the steel industry.
The research shows that Chinese patent CN108865316A proposes a preparation method of biomass fuel sintered by iron ore, in which biomass is pulverized and then mixed with CaO powder for granulation, and the reactivity of the biomass fuel is reduced by filling CaO to wrap the biomass fuel. Chinese patent CN102839280A proposes a fuel selective distribution granulation method for strengthening biomass energy iron ore sintering, which mainly carries out two-section granulation on biomass fuel and other sintering raw materials, and utilizes iron ore, limestone, dolomite, quicklime and sintering return ores to wrap the biomass fuel, thereby reducing the reaction performance of the biomass fuel. Chinese patent CN108531720A proposes a preparation method of a modified biomass iron ore sintering additive, in the method, after biomass fuel is crushed, ca is sprayed on the crushed biomass fuel 2+ Mother liquor is pressed into balls, and the reaction performance of the biomass fuel is reduced.
In summary, most of the biomass particles are coated by mineral powder and other raw materials so as to realize the application of the biomass particles in the aspect of iron ore sintering, and the mixed granulation of metallurgical dust and sludge and pretreated biomass fuel and the application of the mixed granulation in the aspect of iron ore sintering for reducing CO are not found 2 And (5) reporting the discharge.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a preparation method of biomass fuel, which comprises the following steps: (a) heating the biomass in an oxygen-free atmosphere to carbonize it; (b) And crushing the carbonized biomass, uniformly mixing the crushed carbonized biomass with metallurgical dust and mud, and granulating to obtain the biomass fuel.
Further, the biomass is carbonized in a carbonization kiln at constant temperature, wherein the carbonization temperature is 400-700 ℃, and the carbonization time is 30-60min.
Further, the oxygen-free atmosphere is specifically nitrogen atmosphere, and 5-10L/min of nitrogen is continuously introduced into the carbonization kiln for protection in the processes of heating carbonization and natural cooling.
Further, the biomass is selected from at least one of straw, wood chips, fruit shells, sawdust and oil residues.
Further, the carbonized biomass is crushed into particles with the particle size less than or equal to 2 mm.
Further, the mass ratio of the carbonized biomass particles to the metallurgical dust and mud is 0.1-0.2, the mixing equipment is a cylindrical mixer, and the mixing time is controlled within 15 min.
Further, the mixture is transferred into a disc pelletizer to be pelletized, the pelletizing time is controlled within 15min, and the particle size of the prepared biomass fuel particles is 2-5mm.
Further, the metallurgical dust and mud is selected from dust and mud generated in all metallurgical processes such as sintering dust removal, blast furnace gas dust, converter OG mud, rolled steel sheet, iron scale and the like. When in use, one or more of the metallurgical dust and mud are mixed according to a certain proportion according to the chemical components of the metallurgical dust and mud, so that the TFe content in the mixed metallurgical dust and mud is ensured to be 40-60 percent, and the subsequent iron ore smelting cost can be reduced and the quality can be improved.
Further, the density of the prepared biomass fuel is 1.6-1.8g/cm 3 The fixed carbon content is more than 75 percent, and the heat value is more than 20KJ/g.
The invention also aims to provide a biomass fuel which comprises carbonized biomass particles and metallurgical dust and mud coated on the surfaces of the carbonized biomass particles.
The invention also aims to provide an application of the biomass fuel in iron ore sintering.
Further, the application method comprises the following steps: mixing the prepared biomass fuel with coke powder, and then igniting and sintering.
Further, the mass ratio of the biomass fuel and the coke powder is not more than 1.
The invention mainly solves the problems of poor quality of sintering mineral products and treatment and utilization of metallurgical dust and mud commonly existing in the process of using biomass for iron ore sintering. Aiming at the defects of loose and porous biomass fuel, large specific surface area, over-quick reaction and the like, the invention wraps the biomass fuel by using the metallurgical dust and sludge which are fine in granularity and difficult to granulate, so that the prepared biomass fuel is successfully applied to iron ore sintering, and meanwhile, the high-efficiency utilization of the metallurgical dust and sludge is realized. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are mainly embodied in the following aspects:
(1) The invention adopts the mode of mixing and granulating carbonized biomass and metallurgical dust and mud, realizes the high-efficiency recycling of steel solid waste resources on the premise of not influencing the quality of sintered mineral products, reduces the enterprise cost, and is beneficial to energy conservation and emission reduction.
(2) According to the invention, by utilizing the characteristic of large specific surface area of carbonized biomass particles, metallurgical dust and mud which are difficult to pelletize are adhered to the surfaces of the carbonized biomass particles, so that the adverse effect of adding the metallurgical dust and mud on the quality of sintered mineral products is reduced; in addition, in the sintering process, heat released by the biomass fuel is firstly transferred to metallurgical dust and mud adhered to the surface, and a large amount of Fe in the metallurgical dust and mud 2 O 3 And CaO and other components form a calcium ferrite liquid phase at high temperature, and other harmful components in the metallurgical dust and mud are uniformly dispersed in the sintered ore under the action of the liquid phase, so that the adverse effect of the accumulation of the harmful components on the sintering quality of the iron ore is reduced.
(3) Aiming at the characteristics of large fuel surface area and quick combustion reaction of carbonized biomass, the carbonized biomass fuel is wrapped by metallurgical dust and sludge with extremely fine granularity, and O diffused to the inner core of the biomass fuel is reduced in a physical isolation mode 2 The reactivity of the biomass fuel is further reduced; in addition, the biomass fuel after carbonization pretreatment meets the requirement of iron ore sintering better, and the quality of sintered ore is not reduced in the iron ore sintering process.
(4) The density of the carbonized biomass particles prepared by the invention is 1.6-1.8g/cm 3 The fixed carbon content is more than 75 percent, the heat value is more than 20KJ/g, the coke powder can be partially replaced for sintering the iron ore, and the CO in the sintering process can be effectively reduced 2 Discharging, and being beneficial to realizing carbon neutralization in the steel industry.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art fully understand the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the following description is given with reference to specific examples.
Firstly, metallurgical dust and sludge such as gas dust, converter OG sludge, sintering dust removal ash and the like are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 40: 20, the uniformly mixed ore is formed by mixing iron ore powder card powder, poplar powder, king powder, donkey powder, super powder and additive powder according to the mass ratio of 16: 28: 14: 16: 10: 16, and the components of the obtained metallurgical dust and sludge and the uniformly mixed ore are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of metallurgical dust and sludge and blending ore
| The ingredients are% | TFe | SiO 2 | CaO | C | Moisture content | Impurities in the product |
| Metallurgical dust and mud | 50.56 | 6.4 | 13.7 | 10.6 | 13.5 | 5.24 |
| Blending ore | 59.85 | 4.50 | 2.30 | 5.8 | / |
Example 1
Selecting wood chips as a biomass raw material, and placing the wood chips into a carbonization kiln for constant-temperature carbonization at 600 ℃ for 35min. And continuously introducing 5L/min nitrogen to protect the wood chips in the wood chips carbonization and natural cooling processes.
And (3) crushing the carbonized biomass obtained in the above process into carbonized biomass particles with the particle size of 1-2 mm. And (2) placing the metallurgical dust mud and the carbonized biomass particles in a cylinder mixer according to the mass ratio of 0.15 to 1 for mixing for 2.5min, transferring the obtained mixture into a disc pelletizer for pelletizing, wherein the pelletizing time is 3min, and the granularity of the prepared biomass fuel is 3-5mm.
Mixing the biomass fuel and the coke powder according to the mass ratio of 0.5.
Igniting and sintering the sintering mixture, wherein the sintering parameters are as follows: the ignition temperature is 1050 ℃, the ignition time is 1.5min, the ignition negative pressure is 8kPa, the sintering negative pressure is 10kPa, and the material layer thickness is 700mm.
Example 2
This example is substantially the same as example 1, except that: the mass ratio of the metallurgical dust sludge to the carbonized biomass particles is changed from 0.15.
Example 3
This example is substantially the same as example 1, except that: the mass ratio of the metallurgical dust sludge to the carbonized biomass particles is changed from 0.15.
Example 4
This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that: the mass ratio of the biomass fuel to the coke powder is changed from 0.5.
Comparative example 1
Directly mixing the metallurgical dust sludge and the carbonized biomass particles with the mass ratio of 0.15 to 1 with coke powder, uniformly mixing ores and a fusing agent to obtain a sintering mixture, wherein the mass ratio of the total mass of the metallurgical dust sludge and the carbonized biomass particles to the coke powder is 0.5. Igniting and sintering the sintering mixture, wherein the sintering parameters are as follows: the ignition temperature is 1050 ℃, the ignition time is 1.5min, the ignition negative pressure is 8kPa, the sintering negative pressure is 10kPa, and the material layer thickness is 700mm.
Comparative example 2
Directly mixing metallurgical dust sludge and carbonized biomass particles with a mass ratio of 0.1. Igniting and sintering the sintering mixture, wherein the sintering parameters are as follows: the ignition temperature is 1050 ℃, the ignition time is 1.5min, the ignition negative pressure is 8kPa, the sintering negative pressure is 10kPa, and the material layer thickness is 700mm.
Comparative example 3
Directly mixing metallurgical dust mud and carbonized biomass particles with a mass ratio of 0.2. Igniting and sintering the sintering mixture, wherein the sintering parameters are as follows: the ignition temperature is 1050 ℃, the ignition time is 1.5min, the ignition negative pressure is 8kPa, the sintering negative pressure is 10kPa, and the material layer thickness is 700mm.
Comparative example 4
And mixing the coke powder, the uniformly mixed ore and the flux to obtain a sintering mixture, wherein the mass percentage of the coke powder in the sintering mixture is 3.8%. Igniting and sintering the sintering mixture, wherein the sintering parameters are as follows: the ignition temperature is 1050 ℃, the ignition time is 1.5min, the ignition negative pressure is 8kPa, the sintering negative pressure is 10kPa, and the material layer thickness is 700mm.
The sintering specifications of the examples and comparative examples were analyzed and tested, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison table of sintering technical indexes under different biomass fuel treatment modes
As can be seen from Table 2, the sintering rates of examples 1 to 4 of the present application were all lower than those of comparative examples 1 to 3, while the indexes such as the yield, the drum strength, the utilization factor, etc. of examples 1 to 4 were all higher than those of comparative examples 1 to 3, and these index parameters of examples 1 to 4 were similar to those of the whole coke powder of comparative example 4. This shows that the way of the invention of coating carbonized biomass particles with metallurgical dust and mud can indeed reduce the combustion speed of the biomass particles and increase the reaction temperature.
From the above analysis, on the basis of the conventional sintering process, the biomass fuel and the metallurgical dust and mud are creatively combined, and the granulation mode of the biomass fuel and the metallurgical dust and mud is changed, so that the obtained biomass fuel can be applied to iron ore sintering instead of coke powder, the CO in the iron ore sintering process is reduced while the metallurgical solid waste is efficiently utilized 2 And (4) discharging.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of biomass fuel is characterized by comprising the following steps: (a) heating the biomass in an oxygen-free atmosphere to carbonize it; (b) And crushing the carbonized biomass, uniformly mixing the crushed carbonized biomass with metallurgical dust and mud, and granulating to obtain the biomass fuel.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: carbonizing biomass at constant temperature of 400-700 deg.C for 30-60min in a carbonization kiln, and introducing 5-10L/min nitrogen gas into the carbonization kiln for protection during heating carbonization and natural cooling.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the biomass is selected from at least one of straw, wood chips, fruit shells, sawdust and oil residues; the metallurgical dust and mud is selected from at least one of sintering dust removal ash, blast furnace gas ash, converter OG mud, rolled steel sheet and iron scale, and the TFe content in the metallurgical dust and mud is 40-60%.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the carbonized biomass is crushed into particles with the granularity less than or equal to 2 mm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the carbonized biomass particles to the metallurgical dust and sludge is 0.1-0.2, the equipment for mixing the carbonized biomass particles and the metallurgical dust and sludge is a cylindrical mixer, and the mixing time is controlled within 15 min.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (3) transferring the mixture into a disc pelletizer to pelletize, wherein the pelletizing time is controlled within 15min, and the particle size of the prepared biomass fuel particles is 2-5mm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the density of the prepared biomass fuel is 1.6-1.8g/cm 3 The fixed carbon content is more than 75 percent, and the heat value is more than 20KJ/g.
8. A biomass fuel, characterized in that: the biomass fuel comprises carbonized biomass particles and metallurgical dust and mud coated on the surfaces of the carbonized biomass particles, and is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Use of the biomass fuel according to claim 8 for iron ore sintering.
10. The application of claim 9, wherein the application specific process is as follows: and mixing the prepared biomass fuel and coke powder, and then igniting and sintering, wherein the mass ratio of the biomass fuel to the coke powder is not more than 1.
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| CN202210778521.4A CN115181597A (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2022-06-30 | Biomass fuel, preparation method thereof and application thereof in iron ore sintering |
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| CN202210778521.4A CN115181597A (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2022-06-30 | Biomass fuel, preparation method thereof and application thereof in iron ore sintering |
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| CN108219807A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-06-29 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of blast furnace biomass iron coke |
| CN110699142A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-17 | 中南大学 | Iron ore sintering biomass fuel and preparation method and application thereof |
| KR20200065989A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-09 | 주식회사 포스코 | Manufacturing method of sintered ore, manufacturing apparatus of sintered ore, manufacturing method of part reduced iron, and manufacturing apparatus of part reduced iron |
-
2022
- 2022-06-30 CN CN202210778521.4A patent/CN115181597A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101717853A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-06-02 | 首钢总公司 | Method for preparing sintered mixture from municipal sludge and ferrous iron containing metallurgical dust |
| JP2011195943A (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2011-10-06 | Jfe Steel Corp | Agglomerated ore including carbonaceous material for iron manufacture and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2011225926A (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2011-11-10 | Jfe Steel Corp | Agglomerated ore including carbonaceous material for iron-making, and producing method therefor |
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