CN115180928A - Porous ceramic blank and preparation method thereof, porous ceramic material and application thereof - Google Patents
Porous ceramic blank and preparation method thereof, porous ceramic material and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a porous ceramic blank and a preparation method thereof, a porous ceramic material and application thereof. The preparation method of the porous ceramic blank can achieve the following beneficial effects by preprocessing the ceramic aggregate: concave-convex shapes can be formed on the surface of the ceramic, so that the adhesive force of the ceramic membrane on the surface is improved, and the filtering area is increased; the method is favorable for forming communicated fine apertures in the ceramic, and the through-hole rate is improved; the plasticity of the blank mud is improved, and the forming performance is improved; the blank composition is rapidly and uniformly dispersed, the mixing efficiency is improved, and the blank processing time is shortened; the consumption of high-value raw materials such as a binder, a plasticizer, a debonder, a lubricant, a wetting agent and the like in the blank can be reduced, and the production cost is reduced; because the granulating material is pre-sintered, the content of organic matters in the blank is low, so that the sintering speed can be increased in the product sintering process, the sintering time is shortened, the production efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of inorganic nonmetallic materials, in particular to a porous ceramic blank and a preparation method thereof, a porous ceramic material and application thereof.
Background
Porous ceramics are a new type of ceramic material. The porous ceramic green material can be widely applied in various aspects such as gas or liquid filtration, purification and separation, chemical catalytic carriers, sound absorption and shock absorption, high-grade heat insulation materials, biological implantation materials, special wall materials, sensor materials and the like.
The porous ceramic materials can be divided into two main categories of independent closed pores and communicated open pores according to the state of internal pores. By adopting different ceramic preparation technologies, the porous ceramic mainly with closed pores and the porous ceramic mainly with open pores can be obtained. The pore preparation of the closed pore ceramic mainly comprises high-temperature preparation and low-temperature preparation, wherein the high-temperature preparation is obtained by utilizing a pore-forming agent to generate gas after a viscous liquid phase such as glass appears in the ceramic at high temperature, and the low-temperature preparation is obtained by utilizing a foaming agent to generate a large amount of bubbles in ceramic slurry, fixedly sealing the bubbles in a ceramic blank and firing the ceramic blank to obtain the porous ceramic mainly comprising closed pores. The open pore ceramics are generally obtained by forming gas phase gaps which penetrate through solid phase ceramic particles after firing at a high temperature, and in order to obtain a high porosity, it is usually necessary to complete the preparation by means of a pore-forming agent.
In the preparation process of open pore ceramics, namely porous ceramics with high through-hole rate, the main processes influencing the through-hole rate are blank composition, preparation and sintering. The blank is composed of aggregate, binding agent and pore-forming agent, the aggregate is the main component of ceramic, and can be the combination of several raw materials, or single raw material, and is 50% -90% of the total amount, the binding agent is used to bind the aggregate into a whole, and can raise the mechanical strength of ceramic, and is 6% -50%, and the pore-forming agent is used to form pores, and is 0% -30%.
The preparation process of the blank also has an important influence on the properties of the porous ceramic. For example, in the processing of extrusion-molded billets, all raw materials are charged and mixed uniformly at one time, and then water and a lubricant are added, and the mixture is kneaded and pugged to form a plastic billet. The traditional process is easy to cause the problems of uneven mixing, overlong mixing time, excessive using amount of various blank modifiers and the like, and the problems of uneven pore size distribution, overlarge deviation and the like of the fired porous ceramic are easy to occur.
Based on the problems with the current preparation of porous ceramic blanks, there is a need for improvements.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a porous ceramic blank, a preparation method thereof, a porous ceramic material and an application thereof, so as to solve or partially solve the technical problems in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a porous ceramic blank, comprising the steps of:
preprocessing ceramic aggregate to obtain a granulation material;
mixing the granulating material and auxiliary materials, and processing according to the requirement of a forming process to obtain a porous ceramic blank;
the method comprises the following steps of preprocessing the ceramic aggregate to obtain a granulated material:
the ceramic aggregate is processed by burdening and mixing, and then is processed by one or the combination of a spray drying method, a compaction and crushing method, a rolling ball making method and a heat treatment method to obtain the granulation material.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the porous ceramic blank, the auxiliary material comprises at least one of a pore-forming agent, a binder and an anti-cracking reinforcing agent.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the porous ceramic blank, the pore-forming agent comprises an organic pore-forming agent or an inorganic pore-forming agent;
the organic pore-forming agent comprises at least one of starch and cereal shell powder;
the inorganic pore-forming agent comprises at least one of carbon powder, graphite powder, carbonate, phosphate, carbide and nitride.
Preferably, in the method for preparing the porous ceramic blank, the binder comprises at least one of cellulose, PVA, paraffin, montmorillonite, bentonite, polyethylene and polypropylene;
the anti-cracking reinforcing agent comprises inorganic fiber or inorganic powder;
the inorganic fiber comprises at least one of high-alumina fiber, mullite fiber and cordierite fiber;
the inorganic powder comprises at least one of alumina powder, quartz powder, titanium oxide powder, zirconium oxide powder and diatomite;
the ceramic aggregate comprises at least one of a granulated blank of a silicate ceramic blank, an alumina granulated blank, a zirconia granulated blank and a silicon carbide granulated blank.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the porous ceramic blank, the ceramic aggregate is treated by a heat treatment method to obtain the granulated material, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the time is 1-2 hours.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the porous ceramic blank, the ceramic aggregate is treated by a heat treatment method to obtain the granulated material, and the granulated material has the compression strength of more than 2MPa and the porosity of 30-60%.
Preferably, in the method for producing a porous ceramic blank, the granulated material further contains a pore-forming agent.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a porous ceramic blank prepared by the preparation method.
In a third aspect, the invention also provides a porous ceramic material, which is obtained by calcining the porous ceramic blank.
In a fourth aspect, the invention also provides an application of the porous ceramic material in preparation of ceramic membranes and sewage treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the porous ceramic blank and the preparation method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
the preparation method of the porous ceramic blank can achieve the following beneficial effects by preprocessing the ceramic aggregate: concave-convex shapes can be formed on the surface of the ceramic, so that the adhesive force of the ceramic membrane on the surface is improved, and the filtering area is increased; the method is favorable for forming communicated fine apertures in the ceramic, and the through-hole rate is improved; the plasticity of the blank mud is improved, and the forming performance is improved; the blank composition is rapidly and uniformly dispersed, the mixing efficiency is improved, and the blank processing time is shortened; the consumption of high-value raw materials such as a binder, a plasticizer, a debonder, a lubricant, a wetting agent and the like in the blank can be reduced, and the production cost is reduced; because the granulating material is pre-sintered, the content of organic matters in the blank is low, so that the sintering speed can be increased in the product sintering process, the sintering time is shortened, the production efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state of granules of a ceramic granulated powder calcined in step S1 of example 5;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a sintered ceramic granulated powder stacked in step S1 of example 5;
FIG. 3 is a plastic billet formed by extrusion in step S5 of example 5;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an extrusion-molded plastic billet in example 5;
FIG. 5 is a surface state diagram of a silicate porous ceramic material obtained by calcining the plastic ingot prepared in example 5.
Detailed Description
In the following, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a porous ceramic blank, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing ceramic aggregate to obtain a granulated material;
s2, mixing the granulating material with auxiliary materials, and processing according to the requirement of a forming process to obtain a porous ceramic blank;
the method comprises the following steps of preprocessing the ceramic aggregate to obtain a granulated material:
the ceramic aggregate is processed by burdening and mixing, and then is processed by one or the combination of a spray drying method, a compaction and crushing method, a rolling ball making method and a heat treatment method to obtain the granulation material.
In some embodiments, the auxiliary material comprises at least one of a pore former, a binder, and an anti-cracking enhancer.
In some embodiments, the pore former comprises an organic pore former or an inorganic pore former;
the organic pore-forming agent comprises at least one of starch and cereal shell powder;
the inorganic pore former includes but is not limited to at least one of carbon powder, graphite powder, carbonate, phosphate, carbide and nitride.
In some embodiments, the binder comprises a high molecular weight organic polymer, a high plasticity clay, a thermoplastic, and the like, specifically, including, but not limited to, at least one of cellulose, PVA, paraffin, montmorillonite, bentonite, polyethylene, polypropylene.
In some embodiments, the crack resistance enhancing agent comprises an inorganic fiber or an inorganic powder;
the inorganic fiber comprises at least one of high-alumina fiber, mullite fiber and cordierite fiber;
the inorganic powder comprises at least one of alumina powder, quartz powder, titanium oxide powder, zirconium oxide powder and diatomite.
In some embodiments, after the granules and the auxiliary materials are mixed uniformly, vegetable oil and water are added simultaneously to knead the mixture into a plastic ceramic blank for extrusion molding. Specifically, the auxiliary material is coated on the surface of the granulation material to form granulation powder with the auxiliary material coating layer for pressing and forming. The granulating material, the auxiliary material and a certain amount of water are stirred and mixed into slurry with fluidity and suspension stability for grouting forming.
In some embodiments, the granulation material may or may not include a pore former.
In some embodiments, the ceramic aggregate comprises at least one of a granulated blank of a silicate ceramic green body, an alumina granulated blank, a zirconia granulated blank, a silicon carbide granulated blank.
In some embodiments, the ceramic aggregate is treated by a heat treatment method to obtain the granulated material, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 800-1000 ℃ and the time is 1-2 h.
In some embodiments, the ceramic aggregate is treated by a heat treatment process to provide a pelletized material having a compressive strength greater than 2MPa and a porosity of from 30 to 60%.
The preprocessed granulated material is a granulated material which is subjected to heating treatment and has certain mechanical strength and porosity, the compressive strength of the granules in the granulated material is more than 2MPa, the porosity is 30-60%, the preprocessed granulated material is composed of granules which can form a through porous structure, and the prepared ceramic blank simultaneously contains the unprocessed granulated material and the heat-treated granulated material.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a porous ceramic blank which is prepared by adopting the preparation method.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a porous ceramic material which is obtained by calcining the porous ceramic blank.
Specifically, the calcination temperature is 1100-1500 ℃, the calcination time is 1-3 h, and the porosity of the porous ceramic material obtained after calcination is 30-60%.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides application of the porous ceramic material in preparation of ceramic membranes and sewage treatment.
The preparation method of the porous ceramic blank can achieve the following beneficial effects by preprocessing the ceramic aggregate: 1. concave-convex shapes can be formed on the surface of the ceramic, so that the adhesive force of the ceramic membrane on the surface is improved, and the filtering area is increased; 2. the method is favorable for forming communicated fine apertures in the ceramic, and the through-hole rate is improved; 3. the plasticity of the blank mud is improved, and the forming performance is improved; 4. the blank composition is rapidly and uniformly dispersed, the mixing efficiency is improved, and the blank processing time is shortened; 5. the consumption of high-value raw materials such as a binder, a plasticizer, a dispergator, a lubricant, a wetting agent and the like in the blank can be reduced, and the production cost is reduced; 6. because the granulating material is pre-sintered, the content of organic matters in the blank is low, so that the sintering speed can be increased in the product sintering process, the sintering time is shortened, the production efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
The method for producing the porous ceramic body of the present application will be described below with reference to specific examples. This section further illustrates the present invention with reference to specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. The technical means employed in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, unless otherwise specified. Reagents, methods and apparatus employed in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
Example 1
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a porous ceramic blank, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing 20kg of alumina powder and 1.5kg of starch, adding 25kg of PVA aqueous solution with the mass content of 2%, 220g of GA-426 debonder (purchased from Yangshan chemical Co., ltd.) and 150g of GA-415 defoaming agent (purchased from Yangshan chemical Co., ltd.), and uniformly stirring to obtain alumina slurry;
s2, drying the alumina slurry into alumina granulation powder through a spray dryer, and sieving the obtained powder through a 100-mesh sieve;
s3, placing the sieved alumina granulation powder into a kiln, calcining for 60 minutes at the temperature of 1000 ℃, and cooling to obtain alumina granulation materials with the particle strength of 5-7 MPa and the porosity of 39-42%;
s4, placing 15kg of alumina granulation materials, 1kg of starch, 0.6kg of methyl cellulose and 2kg of mullite short fibers in a mixer, uniformly mixing, adding 0.1kg of tung oil, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
s5, placing the mixture into a kneading machine, adding 4.5Kg of water, kneading into a plastic pug, and pugging by a vacuum pug mill to obtain a plastic blank with the water content of 23-25%, namely the porous ceramic blank.
And (2) carrying out heat preservation on the plastic blank prepared in the embodiment 1 at 1350 ℃ for 2h to sinter the plastic blank to obtain the alumina porous ceramic material, wherein the through-hole rate of the alumina porous ceramic material obtained by calcination can reach about 45%.
Example 2
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a porous ceramic blank, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing 50kg of calcium oxide stabilized zirconia powder (purchased from Shanshan Dongfang zirconium industry science and technology Co., ltd.) and 5kg of starch, adding 35kg of PVA aqueous solution with the mass content of 2%, 375g of GA-426 debonder (purchased from Yangshan chemical Co., ltd.) and 260g of GA-415 defoaming agent (purchased from Yangshan chemical Co., ltd.), and uniformly stirring to obtain zirconia slurry;
s2, drying the zirconia slurry into zirconia granulation powder through a spray dryer, and sieving the obtained powder with a 80-mesh sieve;
s3, uniformly stirring 3kg of calcium oxide stabilized zirconia powder, 5kg of starch, 5kg of high-alumina short fibers (purchased from Luoyang refractory research institute Co., ltd.), 13kg of PVA aqueous solution with the mass content of 5%, 50gGA-426 debonder (purchased from Fonshanson chemical Co., ltd.) and 35g of GA-415 defoaming agent (purchased from Fonshanson chemical Co., ltd.) to obtain auxiliary materials;
and S4, uniformly spraying a proper amount of auxiliary material slurry on the surfaces of the sieved zirconia granulation powder particles by using a pressure sprayer, so that a layer of auxiliary material is coated on the surface of each particle in the zirconia granulation material, and ageing for a period of time to obtain the zirconia granulation blank for dry pressing with the water content of 3-5%, namely the porous ceramic blank.
And (3) carrying out heat preservation on the zirconium oxide granulated blank prepared in the embodiment 2 at 1400 ℃ for 2h, and sintering to obtain the zirconium oxide porous ceramic material, wherein the through-hole rate of the zirconium oxide porous ceramic material obtained by sintering can reach about 40%.
Example 3
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a porous ceramic blank, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing 30kg of silicon carbide powder, 0.4kg of kaolin, 0.2kg of burning talc and 3.0kg of grain shell powder, adding 28kg of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) aqueous solution with the mass content of 2%, 165g of GA-426 debonder (purchased from Yangshan chemical Co., ltd.) and 100g of GA-415 defoaming agent (purchased from Yangshan chemical Co., ltd.), and uniformly stirring to obtain silicon carbide slurry;
s2, drying the silicon carbide slurry into silicon carbide granulation powder by using a spray dryer, and sieving the obtained powder with a 120-mesh sieve;
s3, placing the sieved silicon carbide granulation powder into a kiln, calcining for 120 minutes at 850 ℃, and cooling to obtain a silicon carbide granulation material with the particle strength of 2-5 MPa and the porosity of 56-60%;
s4, placing 20kg of silicon carbide granulation material, 4kg of commercially available silicon carbide powder, 0.2kg of talcum powder, 0.3kg of kaolin, 1kg of pregelatinized starch (purchased from Jiangsu Caesami Biotechnology Co., ltd.), 0.45kg of methyl cellulose, 2kg of cordierite short fiber (purchased from Luoyang research institute of refractory materials Co., ltd.), 14kg of water, 200gGA-426 degumming agent (purchased from Fonshansen chemical Co., ltd.) and 140g of GA-415 defoaming agent (purchased from Fonshansen chemical Co., ltd.) in a stirrer for uniform mixing to obtain grouting slurry for grouting forming with the water content of 33-34%, namely the porous ceramic blank.
And (3) carrying out heat preservation on the grouting slurry prepared in the embodiment 3 at 1300 ℃ for 2h, and sintering to obtain the silicon carbide porous ceramic material, wherein the through-hole rate of the silicon carbide porous ceramic material obtained by sintering can reach about 60%.
Example 4
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a porous ceramic blank, which comprises the following steps:
s1, putting 56kg of potassium-sodium stone powder, 30kg of high-aluminum mud, 5kg of bentonite, 3kg of high-strength ball clay, 6kg of talc mud, 12kg of carbon powder, 0.5kg of water glass, 672g of GA-426 dispergator (purchased from Foshan Yansen chemical Co., ltd.), 336g of GA-415 antifoaming agent (purchased from Foshan Yansen chemical Co., ltd.), and 60kg of water into a ball mill for ball milling for 12 hours, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve when slurry is discharged to obtain ceramic blank slurry; wherein, the kalium-sodalite powder, the high-alumina mud, the high-strength ball clay and the talc mud are purchased from Guangdong source epitaxy powder company Limited;
s2, drying the ceramic blank slurry into granulated powder with the water content of 4-6% by using a spray dryer, and sieving the obtained powder with a 40-mesh sieve;
s3, placing the sieved ceramic granulated powder into a kiln, calcining for 60 minutes at 950 ℃, and cooling to obtain ceramic granulated powder with the particle strength of 6-9 MPa and the porosity of 43-46%;
s4, placing 15kg of the spray granulation ceramic powder (specifically, the granulation powder subjected to spray drying in the step S2), 5kg of the calcined ceramic granulation powder (specifically, the ceramic granulation powder subjected to calcination in the step S3), 2.2kg of starch, 1.3kg of methyl cellulose, 3kg of alumina powder and 0.6kg of montmorillonite powder in a mixer, uniformly mixing, adding 0.18kg of tung oil, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
s5, placing the mixture into a kneading machine, adding 7.0kg of water, kneading into plastic pug, pugging by a vacuum pug mill to obtain the plastic blank for extrusion forming with the water content of 24-27%, namely the porous ceramic blank.
And (3) the plastic blank prepared in the embodiment 4 is subjected to heat preservation at 1100 ℃ for 2h, and then is sintered to obtain the silicate porous ceramic material, wherein the through-hole rate of the silicate porous ceramic material obtained by calcination can reach about 46%.
Example 5
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a porous ceramic blank, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 25kg of outsourced spray granulation blank (purchased from Fushan energy-intensive ceramics Co., ltd.) for press forming of ceramic wall and floor tiles, putting the blank into a kiln, calcining for 60 minutes at 1000 ℃ to obtain ceramic granulation powder with the particle strength of 4-8 MPa and the porosity of 36-40%, and sieving with a 30-mesh sieve;
s2, weighing 35kg of outsourcing ceramic wall and floor tiles (purchased from Foshan energy strong ceramics Co., ltd.) for press forming, spraying granulation blank, 20kg of the calcined ceramic granulation powder, 3.5kg of starch, 0.7kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2.2kg of mullite short fiber powder (purchased from Luoyang fire-resistant material research institute Co., ltd.) and 2kg of bentonite, putting the mixture into a mixer, uniformly mixing, adding 0.43kg of tung oil, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
s3, placing the mixture into a kneading machine, adding 18.59kg of water, kneading into plastic pug, pugging by a vacuum pug mill to obtain the plastic blank for extrusion forming with the water content of 24-27%, namely the porous ceramic blank.
The plastic blank prepared in the embodiment 5 is subjected to heat preservation at 1100 ℃ for 2h and then sintered to obtain a silicate porous ceramic material, the surface of the silicate porous ceramic material obtained by sintering can be in an obvious uneven state, and the through-hole rate of the silicate porous ceramic material obtained by sintering can reach about 50%.
Example 6
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a porous ceramic blank, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 50kg of outsourced spray granulation blank for press forming of ceramic wall and floor tiles (purchased from Fushan energy ceramic Co., ltd.) with 20-mesh sieve and 6% of water content, 3.8kg of starch, 0.8kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2.2kg of mullite short fiber powder (purchased from Luoyang fire-resistant material research institute Co., ltd.), and 2kg of bentonite, putting the mixture into a mixer, uniformly mixing, adding 0.43kg of tung oil, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
s2, placing the mixture into a kneading machine, adding 16kg of water, kneading into a plastic pug, and pugging by a vacuum pug mill to obtain a plastic blank with the water content of 25% for extrusion forming, namely the porous ceramic blank.
And (3) carrying out heat preservation on the plastic blank prepared in the embodiment 6 at 1150 ℃ for 2h, and sintering to obtain the silicate porous ceramic material, wherein the through-hole rate of the silicate porous ceramic material obtained by sintering can reach about 45%.
Example 7
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a porous ceramic blank, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 56kg of potassium-sodium stone powder, 30kg of high-alumina mud, 5kg of bentonite, 3kg of high-strength ball clay, 6kg of talc mud, 12kg of carbon powder, 0.5kg of water glass, 0.56kg of GA-426 dispergator (purchased from Foshan Yansen chemical Co., ltd.), 0.336kg of GA-415 antifoaming agent (purchased from Foshan Yansen chemical Co., ltd.), and 60kg of water, placing the mixture in a ball mill for ball milling for 12 hours, and sieving the mixture with a 200-mesh sieve when slurry is discharged to obtain ceramic blank slurry;
s2, squeezing and dewatering the ceramic blank slurry to obtain a mud cake, and then pugging the mud cake to obtain plastic mud;
s3, extruding the plastic pug into a shape of a pug strip or a pug slice, drying, and preparing into granules with certain granularity by a powder grinding machine, wherein the granule strength of the granules is 2-4 MPa, and the granule fineness is 30 meshes of sieve;
s4, calcining the granulated material at 1000 ℃ to obtain a material with certain strength and through hole rate; the granule strength of the granulating material is 10-13 MPa, the porosity is 32-36%, and the granule fineness is 30 meshes;
s5, weighing 15kg of the uncalcined ceramic granulated powder, 5kg of the calcined ceramic granulated powder, 2.2kg of starch, 1.3kg of methylcellulose, 3kg of alumina powder and 0.6kg of montmorillonite powder, putting the materials into a mixer, uniformly mixing, adding 0.18kg of tung oil, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
s6, placing the mixture into a kneading machine, adding 7.3Kg of water, kneading into plastic pug, and pugging by a vacuum pug mill to obtain the plastic blank for extrusion forming with the water content of 23-26%, namely the porous ceramic blank.
The plastic blank prepared in the embodiment 7 is subjected to heat preservation at 1100 ℃ for 2h and then is sintered to obtain the silicate porous ceramic material, and the through-hole rate of the silicate porous ceramic material obtained by the calcination can reach about 35%.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state of granules of a ceramic granulated powder calcined in step S1 of example 5;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a deposition of granulated ceramic powder after calcination in step S1 of example 5;
FIG. 3 shows a plastic blank formed by extrusion in step S5 of example 5;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an extrusion-molded plastic billet according to example 5;
FIG. 5 is a surface state diagram of a silicate porous ceramic material obtained by calcining the moldable green material prepared in example 5, and it can be seen from FIG. 5 that the surface of the silicate porous ceramic material is rugged.
As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 5, the porous ceramic body prepared by the present invention can be used for preparing a porous ceramic material.
The porous ceramic blank in the example 5 is extruded to form a flat ceramic membrane support body blank, the blank is dried and is subjected to heat preservation at 1100 ℃ for 2 hours to be sintered, then a coating film is sprayed on the surface of the support body (the ceramic slurry used for the coating film is conventional commercial slurry), and after the blank is sintered at 1100 ℃ for 2 hours, the ceramic membrane is prepared, and the ceramic membrane can be applied to sewage filtration treatment and can be applied to ceramic filtration treatmentThe rupture strength of the membrane can reach 35MPa, and the water flux is 0.2-0.6 m 3 /m 2 H, the filtration precision is 0.1-0.5 μm.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the porous ceramic blank is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preprocessing ceramic aggregate to obtain a granulation material;
mixing the granulating material with auxiliary materials, and processing according to the requirement of a forming process to obtain a porous ceramic blank;
the method comprises the following steps of preprocessing the ceramic aggregate to obtain a granulated material:
the ceramic aggregate is processed by burdening and mixing, and then is processed by one or the combination of a spray drying method, a compaction and crushing method, a rolling ball making method and a heat treatment method to obtain the granulation material.
2. The method of preparing a porous ceramic blank according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary material comprises at least one of a pore-forming agent, a binder, and an anti-cracking enhancer.
3. The method of preparing a porous ceramic blank according to claim 2, wherein the pore-forming agent comprises an organic pore-forming agent or an inorganic pore-forming agent;
the organic pore-forming agent comprises at least one of starch and cereal shell powder;
the inorganic pore-forming agent comprises at least one of carbon powder, graphite powder, carbonate, phosphate, carbide and nitride.
4. The method of manufacturing a porous ceramic blank according to claim 2, wherein the binder comprises at least one of cellulose, PVA, paraffin, montmorillonite, bentonite, polyethylene, polypropylene;
the anti-cracking reinforcing agent comprises inorganic fiber or inorganic powder;
the inorganic fiber comprises at least one of high-alumina fiber, mullite fiber and cordierite fiber;
the inorganic powder comprises at least one of alumina powder, quartz powder, titanium oxide powder, zirconium oxide powder and diatomite;
the ceramic aggregate comprises at least one of a granulated blank of a silicate ceramic blank, an alumina granulated blank, a zirconia granulated blank and a silicon carbide granulated blank.
5. The method of preparing a porous ceramic blank according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic aggregate is treated by a heat treatment method to obtain the granulated material, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 800 to 1000 ℃ and the time is 1 to 2 hours.
6. The method of preparing a porous ceramic blank according to claim 5, wherein the ceramic aggregate is treated by a heat treatment method to obtain a granulated material having a compressive strength of more than 2MPa and a porosity of 30 to 60%.
7. The method of preparing a porous ceramic blank according to claim 1, wherein the granulated material further contains a pore-forming agent.
8. A porous ceramic body produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A porous ceramic material obtained by calcining the porous ceramic body according to claim 8.
10. Use of the porous ceramic material of claim 9 for the preparation of ceramic membranes and for sewage treatment.
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