CN115179716A - Energy-saving efficient refrigerator car using natural cold source and refrigeration method thereof - Google Patents
Energy-saving efficient refrigerator car using natural cold source and refrigeration method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115179716A CN115179716A CN202210840739.8A CN202210840739A CN115179716A CN 115179716 A CN115179716 A CN 115179716A CN 202210840739 A CN202210840739 A CN 202210840739A CN 115179716 A CN115179716 A CN 115179716A
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- AFYPFACVUDMOHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)Cl AFYPFACVUDMOHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021270 cold food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009920 food preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/323—Cooling devices using compression characterised by comprising auxiliary or multiple systems, e.g. plurality of evaporators, or by involving auxiliary cooling devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3232—Cooling devices using compression particularly adapted for load transporting vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D16/00—Devices using a combination of a cooling mode associated with refrigerating machinery with a cooling mode not associated with refrigerating machinery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25D29/005—Mounting of control devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H2001/3286—Constructional features
- B60H2001/3289—Additional cooling source
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving high-efficiency refrigerator car utilizing a natural cold source and a refrigeration method thereof, and the refrigerator car comprises a refrigeration unit and a cold storage unit which are arranged on the refrigerator car; the refrigerating unit comprises a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator which are connected into a circulating pipeline through a working medium pipeline; the cold storage unit comprises a cold storage system which is of a heat exchanger structure, a solid cold storage material is arranged in a shell of the cold storage system, and a tube pass of the cold storage system is circularly connected with the working medium pipeline. The air cooler is communicated with the outside and the cold accumulation system, and a cold source is transmitted to the inside of the vehicle so as to supply cold and accumulate cold; the natural cold source is utilized to the maximum extent through the interaction of the refrigerant of the tube side loop of the cold accumulation system and the cold accumulation liquid in the shell side loop, so that the refrigeration efficiency of the refrigerator car is improved; the invention can fully utilize natural cold sources to provide cold energy for the refrigerating system of the refrigerator car on the way of long-distance region-crossing cold chain logistics transportation, thereby improving the utilization rate of natural clean energy and the refrigerating rate of the refrigerating system of the refrigerator car.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigerated trucks, in particular to an energy-saving and efficient refrigerated truck utilizing a natural cold source and a refrigeration method thereof.
Background
With social development and technological progress, people have higher and higher requirements on food preservation, and cold-chain logistics are generally applied to logistics transportation. The refrigerator car is used as a main transportation device of cold chain logistics, is used for maintaining the temperature of frozen or fresh-keeping goods, is commonly used for transporting food materials and articles such as cold food, fresh vegetables and fruits, vaccine drugs and the like with strict requirements on temperature control, and plays an important role in refrigeration transportation.
The refrigerator set is arranged on the refrigerator car to supply cold for the refrigerator car, and along with the development of a cold chain transportation market, a user hopes to depend on the refrigerator set of the refrigerator car to cool in order to save cost and directly load and transport articles needing cooling and storing. To maintain the freshness of food, the refrigeration rate of the refrigerator car is required to be higher. The traditional refrigerating system is adopted in the existing refrigerator car, and the refrigerating rate is not enough to meet the current market development demand.
Meanwhile, the refrigerator car with the natural cold source has wide development prospect in the future market from the aspects of environmental protection and energy conservation. The vehicle type technique of current refrigerator car is not mature enough, receives weather factor to influence greatly, uses under extreme weather environment and restricts.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background art, the invention provides an energy-saving high-efficiency refrigerator car utilizing a natural cold source and a refrigeration method thereof, and solves the problem that the refrigerator car utilizing the natural cold source in the prior art is greatly influenced by weather factors.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
an energy-saving high-efficiency refrigerator car utilizing a natural cold source comprises a refrigeration unit, a cold storage unit and a control unit which are arranged on the refrigerator car; the refrigeration unit comprises a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator, and the compressor, the condenser and the evaporator are connected into a circulating pipeline through working medium pipelines; the cold storage unit comprises a cold storage system which is of a heat exchanger structure, a solid cold storage material is arranged in a shell of the cold storage system, and a tube pass of the cold storage system is circularly connected with a working medium pipeline.
Further, the cold accumulation system comprises a shell and a coil pipe arranged in the shell, and a refrigerant is arranged in the coil pipe.
Furthermore, a refrigerant is arranged in the working medium pipeline.
Furthermore, both ends of the coil pipe are connected with the working medium pipeline, and the joint of the coil pipe and the working medium pipeline is positioned between the condenser and the evaporator.
Furthermore, one end of the coil pipe close to the condenser is connected with a working medium pipeline through a second three-way valve; and a throttle valve is arranged on the working medium pipeline and is positioned between the other end of the coil pipe and the evaporator.
Further, the cold storage unit also comprises an air cooler, and the air cooler is communicated with the shell pass of the cold storage system and the interior of the refrigerator car.
Further, the cold storage unit further comprises a fluorine pump and a liquid storage device, and the air cooler is communicated with the interior of the refrigerator car through the liquid storage device and the fluorine pump.
Further, the control unit comprises an intelligent temperature control device; the control unit is connected with the cold storage unit and the cold storage unit.
A method of refrigeration comprising a method a of operation of a refrigeration unit, the method a of operation of the refrigeration unit comprising the steps of:
A1. the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is sucked by the compressor and compressed into high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant gas, and the refrigerant gas is superheated gas;
A2. the refrigerant gas is discharged by the compressor and then enters the condenser, and the refrigerant gas is condensed to form a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant;
A3. the high-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled by an expansion valve to form a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant;
A4. the low-temperature low-liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator to absorb a large amount of heat around, is boiled, vaporized and evaporated to become low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and enters the compressor to work circularly.
Further, the refrigeration method comprises a working method B of the cold storage unit, and the working method B of the cold storage unit comprises the following steps:
B1. the cold accumulation system absorbs a natural cold source, one part of the cold accumulation system is absorbed by the cold accumulation system through the air cooler, so that the cold accumulation material of the coil tube shell pass loop is solidified to store cold, and the other part of the cold accumulation material directly enters the refrigerator car through the fluorine pump for cold supply; when the ambient temperature is higher than the first set temperature and lower than the second set temperature, the air cooler absorbs an external natural cold source to supply cold to the refrigerator car; when the ambient temperature is higher than a second set temperature, the refrigerant liquid passing through the coil tube pass loop is melted and supercooled by the solid cold storage material of the shell pass loop, and the supercooled refrigerant liquid is throttled and cooled by the expansion valve and then is evaporated and refrigerated by the evaporator to reduce the air temperature in the refrigerator car;
B2. when the intelligent temperature control device monitors that the environment temperature is lower than a second set temperature while the step B1 is carried out, the air cooler starts to operate, a cold source absorbed by the air cooler is stored in the liquid storage tank, one part of the cold source flows through the fluorine pump and is led into the refrigerator car for reducing the air temperature, and the other part of the cold source is utilized by the cold accumulation system to realize refrigeration cycle; and when the intelligent temperature control device monitors a second set temperature of the environment temperature, the air cooler stops running.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the system is integrally regulated and controlled by the intelligent temperature control device, so that the system completes corresponding circulation at different environmental temperatures; the three-way valve is used as a connecting pivot of the refrigeration unit and the cold storage unit and controls the loop to guide according to the regulation and control of the intelligent temperature control device; the air cooler is communicated with the outside and the cold accumulation system, and a cold source is transmitted to the inside of the vehicle so as to supply cold and accumulate cold; the natural cold source is utilized to the maximum extent through the interaction of the refrigerant of the tube side loop of the cold accumulation system and the cold accumulation liquid in the shell side loop, so that the refrigeration efficiency of the refrigerator car is improved; the invention can fully utilize natural cold sources to provide cold energy for the refrigerating system of the refrigerator car on the way of long-distance cross-region cold chain logistics transportation, thereby improving the utilization rate of natural clean energy and the refrigerating rate of the refrigerating system of the refrigerator car.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived from them by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the cold storage system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an energy-saving and efficient refrigerator car using a natural cold source and a refrigeration method thereof according to embodiment 1 include a refrigeration unit, a cold storage unit and a control unit, which are disposed on the refrigerator car; the refrigeration unit comprises a compressor 1, a condenser 9 and an evaporator 2, wherein the compressor 1, the condenser 9 and the evaporator 2 are connected into a circulating pipeline sequentially through a working medium pipeline; the cold storage unit comprises a cold storage system 4, the cold storage system 4 is of a coil type heat exchanger structure, the cold storage system 4 comprises a shell and a coil 11 arranged in the shell, a solid cold storage material 12 is arranged in the shell of the cold storage system 4, a refrigerant 13 is arranged in the tube of the cold storage system 4, namely the coil 11 and a working medium pipeline, and an inlet and an outlet of the tube of the cold storage system 4 are connected with the working medium pipeline in a circulating manner to form a loop. The cool storage material 10 may be a cool storage agent or a cool storage liquid. The cold accumulation system 4 utilizes a natural cold source outside the refrigerator car to realize supercooling circulation in the refrigerator car. The interaction of the refrigerant 13 of the tube-side loop of the cold accumulation system 4 and the cold accumulation material 10 in the shell-side loop can utilize the natural cold source to the maximum extent and improve the refrigeration efficiency of the refrigerator car.
Furthermore, both ends of the coil pipe 11 are connected with the working medium pipeline, and the joint of the coil pipe 11 and the working medium pipeline is positioned between the condenser 9 and the evaporator 2. One end of the coil pipe 11 close to the condenser 9 is connected with a working medium pipeline through a second three-way valve 5-2; and a throttle valve 3 is arranged on the working medium pipeline at a position between the other end of the coil pipe 11 and the evaporator 2. In this embodiment, the inlet end of the coil pipe 11 is connected with the working medium pipeline through the second three-way valve 5-2, and the throttle valve 3 is arranged between the outlet end of the coil pipe 11 and the evaporator 2.
Embodiment 2, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the cold storage unit further includes an air cooler 8, and the air cooler 8 includes a fan and a coil. The air cooler 8 and the interior of the refrigerator car are connected to form a circulation pipeline, and the shell pass of the cold accumulation system 4 is connected with the circulation pipeline to form a loop. And the shell pass of the cold accumulation system 4 is communicated with a connecting pipeline between the air cooler 8 and the interior of the refrigerator car through a three-way valve I5-1. The air cooler 8 is composed of a fan and a coil pipe, absorbs a natural cold source outside the refrigerator and exchanges heat to the outside at the same time. The air cooler 8 uses air for continuous heat exchange, transfers heat to the air, realizes reasonable utilization of a natural cold source and efficient refrigeration of the refrigerator car, and achieves the purpose of energy conservation. The first three-way valve 5-1 is controlled by the control unit to control fluid guiding.
Further, the cold storage unit further comprises a fluorine pump 6 and a liquid storage device 7, and the air cooler 8 is communicated with the interior of the refrigerator car through the liquid storage device 7 and the fluorine pump 6. The fluorine pump 6 overcomes partial resistance loss in the system by using the mechanical action of the pump, realizes long-distance transmission of refrigerant liquid, and completes transmission of a natural cold source from the liquid storage device 7 to the cold accumulation system 4 and the interior of the refrigerator car respectively.
Embodiment 3, which is different from embodiment 2 in that the control unit includes an intelligent temperature control device 10, and the intelligent temperature control device 10 is composed of a temperature control system and an electronic display screen. The intelligent temperature control device 10 comprises a temperature sensor and a controller, wherein the temperature sensor automatically samples and monitors the ambient temperature in real time. The intelligent temperature control device 10 is connected with the air cooler 8, the cold accumulation system 4, the compressor 1, the fluorine pump 6, the three-way valve II 5-2 and the three-way valve I5-1. The intelligent temperature control device 10 controls the refrigeration cycle of the whole refrigerator car system, and the refrigerator cars in different regions at high and low temperatures can fully utilize natural cold sources.
A refrigeration method comprises working method A of refrigeration unit when temperature is lower than T 1 In the working state, the compressor 1 is started, the refrigeration unit completes the refrigeration cycle, and a part of the prepared cold energy is utilized and a part of the prepared cold energy is stored in the cold accumulation system 4. The working method A of the refrigeration unit comprises the following steps:
A1. in the compression process of the refrigeration unit, a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant 13 is sucked by the compressor 1 and compressed into a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant gas, the state of the refrigerant 13 is not changed, and the temperature and the pressure continuously rise to form superheated gas;
A2. the gas of the refrigerant 13 is discharged from the compressor 1 and enters the condenser 9, the state of the refrigerant 13 is changed in the condensation process, the gas state is gradually changed into the liquid state, and the liquid of the condensed refrigerant 13 is in a high-temperature and high-pressure state;
A3. after the high-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant 13 is throttled by the throttle valve 3, the pressure is reduced to form a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant 13;
A4. the low-temperature low-liquid refrigerant 13 enters the evaporator 2, absorbs a large amount of ambient heat, boils, vaporizes and evaporates to become the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant 13, and enters the compressor 1 to work in a circulating mode.
Further, the refrigeration method comprises a working method B of the cold storage unit, and the working method B of the cold storage unit comprises the following steps:
when the compressor 1 is not started in a working state, a part of natural cold sources are absorbed by the cold accumulation system 4 through the air cooler 8 to solidify and store cold of the cold accumulation material 12 of the coil 11 shell side loop, and a part of natural cold sources directly enter the refrigerator car through the fluorine pump 6 to supply cold; when the temperature is higher than T 1 And is lower than T 2 When the intelligent temperature control device is used, the electronic screen of the intelligent temperature control device sends a signal, and the air cooler 8 absorbs an external natural cold source to directly supply cold to the refrigerator car; when the temperature is higher than T 2 When the intelligent temperature control device is used, an electronic screen of the intelligent temperature control device sends a signal, if the cold accumulation amount in the cold accumulation system 4 is sufficient, the refrigerant 13 liquid passing through the pipe pass loop of the coil pipe 11 in the cold accumulation system 4 is melted and supercooled by the solid cold accumulation material 12 of the shell pass loop, and the supercooled refrigerant 13 liquid is throttled and cooled by the throttle valve 3 in the refrigerator car and then is supplied to the evaporator 2 for evaporation and refrigeration. If the cold accumulation amount in the cold accumulation system 4 is insufficient, the refrigeration unit works alone to complete refrigeration, and the air temperature is reduced in the refrigerator car, so that the refrigeration efficiency is further improved.
The air cooler 8 absorbs natural cold sources outside the refrigerator and exchanges heat to the outside at the same time. When the intelligent temperature control device 10 monitors that the ambient temperature is lower than T 2 When the air cooler 8 starts to operate, the natural cold source absorbed by the air cooler is stored in the liquid storage tank 7, one part of the natural cold source flows through the fluorine pump 6 and is led into the refrigerator car for reducing the air temperature, and the other part of the natural cold source is utilized by the cold accumulation system 4 to realize refrigeration cycle. When the intelligent temperature control device 10 monitors that the ambient temperature is higher than T 2 At this time, the air cooler 8 stops operating.
The refrigerated vehicle of the invention can be applied to various situations in the cold chain transportation process. The system can fully utilize a natural cold source to improve the energy utilization rate and the refrigeration efficiency in the process of transporting fresh vegetables and fruits from a low-temperature area to a high-temperature area. In the low-temperature area, the cold storage system is used for absorbing and storing the low-temperature low-pressure cold source for subsequent utilization. When the refrigerator car passes through a high-temperature area, the temperature controller monitors that the ambient temperature rises, and the cold storage system releases cold stored in the cold storage system before the cold storage system, so that the cold storage system is fully utilized in the refrigeration circulating system, the effect of utilizing a natural cold source is achieved, and the refrigeration efficiency is improved. In the areas with large day and night temperature difference, the system utilizes the climatic characteristics, can directly utilize a natural cold source in the environment for cooling at cold night, stores the cold source through a cold storage system, and utilizes the stored cold quantity when the temperature rises in the day. In addition, even if the engine of the refrigerator car is not started, the air cooler and the fluorine pump can work to convey a natural cold source in a low-temperature environment to the cold accumulation system or directly convey the natural cold source into the refrigerator car for cold supply. The invention effectively utilizes the natural cold source through the cold accumulation and supercooling of the cold accumulation system, so that the refrigerator car is more efficient and energy-saving on the basis of the traditional refrigeration and preservation.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an utilize energy-conserving high-efficient refrigerator car of nature cold source which characterized in that: the refrigerator comprises a refrigeration unit, a cold storage unit and a control unit which are arranged on a refrigerator car; the refrigeration unit comprises a compressor (1), a condenser (9) and an evaporator (2), and the compressor (1), the condenser (9) and the evaporator (2) are connected into a circulating pipeline through working medium pipelines; the cold storage unit comprises a cold storage system (4), the cold storage system (4) is of a heat exchanger structure, a cold storage material (12) is arranged in a shell of the cold storage system (4), and a tube pass of the cold storage system (4) is in circulating connection with a working medium pipeline.
2. The energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerator car using a natural cold source as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cold accumulation system (4) comprises a shell and a coil (11) arranged in the shell, and a refrigerant (13) is arranged in the coil (11).
3. The energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerator car using a natural cold source as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and a refrigerant (13) is arranged in the working medium pipeline.
4. An energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerator car using a natural cold source as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein: both ends of the coil pipe (11) are connected with a working medium pipeline, and the joint of the coil pipe (11) and the working medium pipeline is positioned between the condenser (9) and the evaporator (2).
5. An energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerator car using a natural cold source as claimed in claim 4, wherein: one end of the coil pipe (11) close to the condenser (9) is connected with a working medium pipeline through a second three-way valve (5-2); and a throttle valve (3) is arranged on the working medium pipeline, and the throttle valve (3) is positioned between the other end of the coil pipe (11) and the evaporator (2).
6. An energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerator car using a natural cold source as claimed in claim 2, 3 or 5, wherein: the cold storage unit further comprises an air cooler (8), and the air cooler (8) is communicated with the shell pass of the cold storage system (4) and the interior of the refrigerator car.
7. The energy-saving and efficient refrigerator car using a natural cooling source as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the cold storage unit further comprises a fluorine pump (6) and a liquid storage device (7), and the air cooler (8) is communicated with the interior of the refrigerator car through the liquid storage device (7) and the fluorine pump (6).
8. An energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerator car using a natural cold source as claimed in claim 2, 3, 5 or 7, wherein: the control unit comprises an intelligent temperature control device (10); the control unit is connected with the cold storage unit and the cold storage unit.
9. A refrigeration method, which is characterized in that the energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerator car using the natural cold source as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises an operating method A of a refrigeration unit, wherein the operating method A of the refrigeration unit comprises the following steps:
A1. a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant (13) is sucked by the compressor (1) and compressed into a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant (13) gas;
A2. the gas of the refrigerant (13) is discharged from the compressor (1) and then enters the condenser (9) to form a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant (13) after condensation;
A3. the high-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant (13) is throttled by the throttle valve (3) to form a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant (13);
A4. the low-temperature low-liquid refrigerant (13) enters the evaporator (2), absorbs a large amount of ambient heat, is boiled, evaporated and changed into the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant (13), and enters the compressor (1) to circularly work.
10. A refrigeration method according to claim 9, wherein: the refrigeration method comprises a working method B of the cold storage unit, and the working method B of the cold storage unit comprises the following steps:
B1. the cold accumulation system (4) absorbs a natural cold source, one part of the cold accumulation system is absorbed by the cold accumulation system (4) through the air cooler (8), so that the cold accumulation material (12) of the shell pass loop of the coil pipe (11) is solidified for cold accumulation, and the other part of the cold accumulation material directly enters the refrigerator car for cold supply through the fluorine pump (6); when the ambient temperature is higher than the first set temperature and lower than the second set temperature, the air cooler (8) absorbs an external natural cold source to supply cold to the refrigerated truck; when the ambient temperature is higher than a second set temperature, the liquid of the refrigerant (13) passing through the tube pass loop of the coil (11) is melted and supercooled by the solid cold storage material (12) of the shell pass loop, and the supercooled liquid of the refrigerant (13) is throttled and cooled by the expansion valve (7) and then is supplied to the evaporator (2) for evaporation and refrigeration so as to reduce the air temperature in the refrigerator car;
B2. when the intelligent temperature control device (10) monitors that the ambient temperature is lower than a second set temperature while the step B1 is carried out, the air cooler (8) starts to operate, the cold source absorbed by the air cooler (8) is stored in the liquid storage tank (7), one part of the cold source flows through the fluorine pump (6) and is led into the refrigerated vehicle for reducing the air temperature, and the other part of the cold source is utilized by the cold storage system (4) to realize refrigeration cycle; when the intelligent temperature control device (10) monitors the second set temperature of the environment temperature, the air cooler (8) stops running.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113819682A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-21 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Refrigeration system and control method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113819682A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-21 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Refrigeration system and control method thereof |
| CN113819682B (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2023-03-21 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Refrigeration system and control method thereof |
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