CN115179163A

CN115179163A - Grinding and polishing integrated machine tool

Info

Publication number: CN115179163A
Application number: CN202211084308.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 傅奇帆; 李期辉; 朱杰
Original assignee: Zhejiang Fushi Machinery Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Fushi Machinery Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-25
Filing date: 2022-09-06
Publication date: 2022-10-14
Anticipated expiration: 2042-09-06
Also published as: CN114029836A; WO2023092615A1; CN115179163B

Abstract

The invention provides a grinding and polishing integrated machine tool in the technical field of machining, which comprises: a machine tool body; the clamping assembly is clamped at two ends of the workpiece and drives the workpiece to rotate; it is characterized by also comprising: the movable rack is arranged on the machine tool body in a sliding manner; a grinding assembly mounted on the mobile frame; the polishing assembly is arranged on the opposite side of the grinding assembly; and a control component for switching the finish grinding action of the grinding component to the rough grinding action before the next finish grinding action; when the grinding component is always aligned with the center of the workpiece to finish the finish grinding and is separated from the workpiece, the polishing component follows the separation action to reach the finish grinding working surface for polishing. The invention is particularly suitable for grinding and polishing integrated mirror surface processing of the cylindrical workpiece.

Description

Grinding and polishing integrated machine tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a grinding and polishing integrated machine tool.

Background

Grinding is a mechanical processing method for removing materials, which refers to a processing method for cutting off redundant materials on a workpiece by using an abrasive and a grinding tool, and grinding processing is one of the widely applied material removing methods.

Polishing refers to a processing method for reducing the roughness of the surface of a workpiece by using mechanical, chemical or electrochemical actions to obtain a bright and flat surface, and is a modification processing of the surface of the workpiece by using a polishing tool and abrasive particles or other polishing media.

Chinese patent CN105881157B discloses a peeling-polishing device and a method for hardware pliers tool grinding, and the peeling-polishing device comprises an XYZ three-axis linkage driving table, a peeling-grinding mechanism, a polishing mechanism and a workpiece clamping device, and is characterized by further comprising a switching mechanism capable of realizing the exchange work of the peeling-grinding mechanism and the polishing mechanism; the switching mechanism is connected with a power output end of the XYZ three-axis linkage driving table and comprises a switching motor, and the peeling grinding mechanism and the polishing mechanism are respectively installed on two sides of the peeling-polishing connecting seat.

In the technical scheme, the abrasive belt and the polishing crawler are oppositely arranged on the peeling-polishing connecting seat, and the rotation switching of the abrasive belt and the polishing crawler is completed through the switching mechanism, so that the grinding or polishing treatment mode of the workpiece is changed.

The invention provides an innovative design for grinding and polishing of cylindrical workpieces, which solves the technical problems that grinding and polishing processes cannot be continuously carried out, and equipment lacks stability due to single thick grinding size during grinding and polishing integrated treatment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a grinding and polishing integrated machine tool, which integrates functions of coarse grinding, fine grinding and polishing into a whole, draws a polishing component by grinding power of a fine grinding component towards a workpiece, always keeps the force application direction pointing to the rotation center of the workpiece when the fine grinding component is ground, and when the fine grinding is finished and the fine grinding component leaves the workpiece, the polishing component reaches the surface of the workpiece to be polished, and after the polishing is finished, the fine grinding component carries the coarse grinding component to return to the original position, and the control component calls out the coarse grinding component to perform coarse grinding on the surface of the workpiece in the return process, thereby solving the technical problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a grinding and polishing integrated machine tool comprising: a machine tool body; the clamping assembly is clamped at two ends of the workpiece and drives the workpiece to rotate; it is characterized by also comprising: the movable rack is arranged on the machine tool body in a sliding manner; a grinding assembly mounted on the mobile frame; the polishing assembly is arranged on the opposite side of the grinding assembly; and a control component for switching the finish grinding action of the grinding component to the rough grinding action before the next finish grinding action; when the grinding component is always aligned with the center of the workpiece to finish the finish grinding and is separated from the workpiece, the polishing component follows the separation action to reach the finish grinding working surface for polishing.

Further, the grinding assembly includes: the grinding and pushing direction always keeps pointing to the fine grinding assembly of the rotation center of the workpiece; and the rough grinding assembly is arranged on one side of the fine grinding assembly in a sliding manner and moves up and down along with the fine grinding assembly.

Further, the control assembly includes: the sliding seat is used for slidably mounting the rough grinding assembly and is connected with the fine grinding assembly; and a guide member mounted on the movable frame and moving the rough grinding member away from the workpiece during finish grinding.

Further, the guide assembly includes: a guide seat; the guide rail is arranged on the guide seat and is of a closed structure with the left side and the right side which are linearly parallel to each other and the upper side and the lower side which are in a conical shape; the traction piece is inserted on the guide rail at one end and connected with the rough grinding assembly at the other end; and the pushing piece is arranged on the upper inner side wall and the lower inner side wall of the guide rail and pushes the traction piece to the other side of the cone.

Further, the refining assembly comprises: a finish grinding roller; a centering assembly for mounting the refiner roller; the lifting component drives the fine grinding roller to reciprocate up and down; and a rotation driving part for driving the fine grinding roller to rotate.

Further, the centering assembly includes: the centering seat is connected with the power end of the lifting assembly; the rotating center of the fine grinding roller is consistent with the center of the arc guide rail; the pushing seat is used for installing the fine grinding roller, and one end of the pushing seat is clamped in the arc-shaped guide rail in a sliding manner; and the driving piece drives the pushing seat to rotate along the rotation center of the workpiece.

Further, the rough grinding assembly comprises: a coarse grinding roller; and the power connecting component is used for transmitting the power of the rotation driving part to the coarse grinding roller connected with the workpiece.

Further, the polishing assembly comprises: a polishing belt assembly; the ash removal component is elastically attached to the surface of the rotating workpiece at the polishing front end of the polishing belt component; a quantitative spraying component for intermittently spraying a polishing agent on the polishing position of the workpiece for the polishing belt component;

the belt surface cleaning component has the same carding direction and polishing direction and washes the carded belt surface; and

and the moving component enables the polishing belt component to reciprocate back and forth towards the direction of the workpiece along with the fine grinding action of the fine grinding component.

Further, the quantitative spray assembly includes: one side of the top of the outer barrel is provided with a positioning outer barrel of a nozzle; the material carrying barrel is rotatably inserted in the positioning outer barrel, and the periphery of the material carrying barrel is provided with through grooves corresponding to the nozzles; and the sliding cover is arranged on the sealing cover at the top of the nozzle, and one side of the sealing cover is elastically connected with the polishing belt component.

Further, the belt surface cleaning assembly comprises: the carding drum rotates along the polishing direction, and the rotating tangential speed of the carding drum is greater than the belt surface speed of the polishing belt component; and the spraying assembly is arranged at the downstream of the carding roller conveyed along the belt surface of the polishing belt assembly and used for carrying out high-pressure washing on the belt surface of the polishing belt assembly.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, through the matching between the grinding component and the polishing component, the workpiece is continuously polished after being subjected to fine grinding, so that the integrated treatment of grinding and polishing is realized, and the influence of the back-and-forth switching of the grinding and polishing procedures on the processing efficiency is solved;

according to the invention, through the cooperation of the accurate grinding assembly, the coarse grinding assembly and the control assembly, the coarse grinding assembly is adjusted out through the control assembly to carry out coarse grinding treatment before the accurate grinding, and the coarse grinding assembly is switched between the coarse grinding assembly and the accurate grinding assembly through the control assembly, so that the vibration interference of the coarse grinding during the accurate grinding is solved;

according to the invention, through the matching among the centering component, the lifting component and the fine grinding roller in the fine grinding component, when the lifting component carries the fine grinding roller to carry out fine grinding treatment on the surface of a workpiece, the centering component can lift the fine grinding roller along with the lifting component, so that the force application direction of the fine grinding roller to the surface of the workpiece is always directed to the rotating center of the workpiece, and the stability of the fine grinding roller during grinding is ensured;

according to the invention, the dust cleaning component and the belt surface spraying component are matched together when the polishing belt component is polished, so that the surface of a workpiece to be ground and polished and the surface of the polishing belt are always kept in a clean state, and the mirror surface effect of the surface of the polished workpiece is improved;

according to the invention, through the structural design of the quantitative spraying component, when the polishing belt component is used for polishing the surface of a workpiece, polishing agent is sprayed on the polishing contact position in a staged manner, so that not only is the polishing effect ensured, but also the using amount of the polishing agent is saved;

in conclusion, the invention is particularly suitable for grinding and polishing integrated mirror finishing of the cylindrical workpiece.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the grinding assembly and polishing assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is another side view of the FIG. 3 embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the grinding assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the drive of the finishing assembly to the roughing assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a moving rail according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the invention of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the polishing assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a polishing assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a grinding trace according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the state of the process of switching the grinding and polishing stations according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the path of the pulling member during finish grinding in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the path of travel of the traction elements during rough grinding in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a state of centering adjustment in grinding of a fine grinding roller according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a grinding and polishing integrated machine tool includes:

a machine tool body 1; and

the clamping component 2 is clamped at two ends of the workpiece and drives the workpiece to rotate;

it is characterized by also comprising:

the movable frame 3 is arranged on the machine tool body 1 in a sliding manner;

a grinding assembly 4 mounted on the mobile frame 3;

the polishing assembly 5 is arranged on the opposite side of the grinding assembly 4; and

a control component 6 for switching the finish grinding action of the grinding component 5 to the rough grinding action before the next finish grinding action;

when the grinding component 4 is always aligned with the center of the workpiece to finish the finish grinding and is separated from the workpiece, the polishing component 5 follows the separation action to reach the finish grinding working surface for polishing.

Through the content, it is not difficult to find that, in the process of polishing stainless steel workpieces, especially rod-shaped workpieces, the workpieces are clamped through the clamping component 2, when the workpieces are clamped, the driving rotation center of the clamping component 2 corresponds to the end surface preset center of the workpieces, the surfaces of the workpieces are ground and polished through the grinding component 4 and the polishing component 5 along the preset center, and redundant materials on the surfaces of the workpieces taking the preset center as the rotation center can be removed through grinding, and the workpieces are polished into required mirror products through the polishing of the polishing component 3.

In the present application, as shown in fig. 11, the grinding assembly 4 performs a fine grinding process from bottom to top during a grinding process of a rotating workpiece, so that the grinding process moves along a chord length L direction of the workpiece, thereby increasing a length of a running track during grinding in an original manner of directly advancing grinding along a radial direction R direction of the workpiece, that is, when a moving length during grinding along the chord length direction is Lx and a moving length during grinding along the radial direction of the workpiece is Rx, lx at this time is always greater than Rx, so that grinding accuracy along the grinding direction Lx is significantly improved.

It should be noted that when the grinding component 4 preferably performs finish grinding on the surface of the workpiece from bottom to top, the polishing component 5 is linked to approach the surface of the workpiece on the other grinding side, and after the grinding component 4 finishes grinding from bottom to top, the polishing component 5 is connected with the ground surface of the workpiece, so as to perform polishing treatment on the finish-ground surface of the workpiece, and after the polishing treatment is finished, the grinding component 4 and the polishing component 5 are required to convey the non-ground surface of the workpiece in the length direction through the machine tool body 1, and before the conveying, the grinding action returns to the original position from top to bottom, and when the grinding action moves downwards, the rough grinding action is performed on the next surface of the workpiece to be finish-ground in the guiding direction of the movable frame 3, and after the rough grinding action from top to bottom is finished, the movable frame 3 further conveys the non-ground component 4 and the polishing component 5 in the length direction, and through the mutual cooperation between the grinding component 4 and the polishing component 5, the polishing action is performed immediately after the finishing of the grinding action, so as to improve the mirror surface processing efficiency of the workpiece, and when the finish grinding action returns, the workpiece is damaged by a single finish grinding action, thereby reducing the damage of the workpiece.

As shown in fig. 3, the grinding assembly 4 includes:

a fine grinding assembly 41 with a grinding pushing direction always pointing to the rotation center of the workpiece; and

and the rough grinding assembly 42 is arranged on one side of the fine grinding assembly 41 in a sliding mode and moves up and down along with the fine grinding assembly 41.

In the present embodiment, the grinding element 4 preferably performs the finish grinding process on the surface of the rough-machined workpiece from bottom to top by using the finish grinding element 41, and in the finish grinding process, the pushing force of the finish grinding element 41 is always directed to the rotation center of the workpiece, so that the finish grinding action is more stable, and when the finish grinding element 41 finishes the grinding from bottom to top, the rough grinding element 42 moves to a side close to the workpiece to perform the rough grinding action from top to bottom, and when the finish grinding action is performed again following the finish grinding element 41 from bottom to top after the rough grinding action is finished, the rough grinding element 42 is automatically separated from the workpiece.

As shown in fig. 3, the control assembly 6 includes:

a slide 61 for slidably mounting the rough grinding assembly 42 and connecting with the fine grinding assembly 41; and

a guide member 62 mounted on the movable frame 3 and moving the rough grinding member 42 away from the workpiece during finish grinding.

In the present embodiment, in the process of controlling the fine grinding component 41 and the rough grinding component 42 to perform the grinding switching, when the fine grinding component 41 performs the fine grinding action on the surface of the workpiece, the control component 6 drives the rough grinding component 42 on the sliding seat 61 to move towards the direction away from the workpiece through the guide component 62, so as to avoid the fine grinding chatter caused by the contact between the rough grinding component 42 and the workpiece during the fine grinding, which affects the fine grinding effect, and after the polishing is completed, the radial dimension of the polished workpiece is smaller than that during the fine grinding process, so that after the polishing, the fine grinding component 41 does not need to be away from the workpiece, the avoiding on the surface of the workpiece can be completed by returning according to the original path, and during the returning of the original path, the rough grinding component 42 on the sliding seat 61 is moved to the rough grinding position before the fine grinding through the guide component 62.

As shown in fig. 3 and 6-7, the guide assembly 62 includes:

a guide holder 621;

a guide rail 622 disposed on the guide seat 621, wherein the guide rail 622 is a closed structure having a left side and a right side that are linearly parallel to each other and an upper side and a lower side that are tapered;

a traction member 623 having one end inserted into the guide rail 622 and the other end connected to the rough grinding assembly 42; and

and the pushing piece 624 is arranged on the upper inner side wall and the lower inner side wall of the guide track 611 and is used for pushing the traction piece 612 to the other side of the cone.

In this embodiment, during guiding the rough grinding assembly 42, as the slide base 61 reciprocates up and down along with the finish grinding assembly 41, the rough grinding assembly 42 reciprocates up and down on the slide base 61 and along with the slide base 61, and when the rough grinding assembly 42 moves up and down by guiding the traction member 623 in the guide rail 622 on the guide base 621, the rough grinding assembly 42 moves toward the workpiece or away from the workpiece along the guide direction of the guide rail 622, thereby ensuring evacuation of the rough grinding assembly 42 during finish grinding and movement of the rough grinding assembly 42 to the workpiece surface during rough grinding for rough grinding.

It should be noted that, because the guide track 622 is a closed structure formed by two sides that are linearly parallel to each other and have tapered upper and lower sides, when the traction member 623 reaches the fixed point of the taper, the traction member 623 can be pushed to the other side of the taper by the pushing member 624, so that the rough grinding assembly 42 can cut or cut rough grinding along with the traction member 623.

It is supplementary to be added that the pushing element 624 comprises a pushing groove 6241 opened on the inner side wall of the guiding track 622, a pushing block 6242 inserted in the pushing groove 6241 and an elastic element 6243 connected between the pushing block 6242 and the pushing groove 6241, and the pushing block 6242 extends out of the inner wall of the guiding track 622.

In this embodiment, when the pulling member 623 reaches the conical vertex of the guide, the pushing block 6242 is pressed into the pushing groove 6241, and when the pulling member 623 has a tendency to move in the other direction, the pulling member 623 is pressed to the opposite side of the originally moving conical track by the elastic force of the elastic member 6243, so that the track switching is realized.

As shown in fig. 5, the refining assembly 41 comprises:

a fine-grinding roller 411;

a centering assembly 412 for mounting the fine grinding roller 411;

a lifting component 413 for driving the fine grinding roller 411 to reciprocate up and down; and

and a rotation driving part 414 for driving the fine grinding roller 411 to rotate.

In the present embodiment, during the fine grinding process of the fine grinding assembly 41, the lifting assembly 413 drives the fine grinding roller 411 mounted on the centering assembly 412 to reciprocate up and down, and the rotating driving portion 414 drives the fine grinding roller 411 to rotate, so as to achieve the fine grinding of the surface of the workpiece, and in order to better ensure the dynamic stability during grinding, during the lifting assembly 413 makes the fine grinding roller 411 move up and down, the centering assembly 412 makes the force applied to the workpiece by the fine grinding roller 411 always point to the rotation center of the workpiece, so as to ensure the stability during grinding of the workpiece.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the centering assembly 412 includes:

a centering seat 4121 connected with the power end of the lifting assembly 413;

an arc guide rail 4122 provided on the centering seat 4121, wherein the rotation center of the fine grinding roller 411 is identical to the center of the arc guide rail 4122;

a holder 4123 for mounting the fine grinding roller 411 and having one end slidably engaged in the arc guide 4122;

a driving member 4124 for driving the holder 4123 to rotate along the workpiece rotation center.

In this embodiment, in the process of directing the pushing force of the finish grinding roller 411 to the rotation center of the workpiece by the centering member 412, when the lifting member 413 moves the centering seat 4121 up and down, the driving member 4124 held at the rotation center of the workpiece drives the holder 4123 to rotate on the arc-shaped guide rail 4122 and the directing direction of the holder 4123 is aligned with the rotation center of the workpiece.

It should be added that the lifting assembly 413 includes a lifting bracket 4131 installed on the movable frame 3, a screw 4132 inserted into the upper and lower ends of the lifting bracket 4131 and screwed to the centering seat 4121, and a lifting motor 4133 installed on the top of the lifting bracket 4131 and connected to the screw 4132.

In this embodiment, the lifting motor 4133 is preferably a servo motor, and in the process of driving the screw 4132 to rotate by the driving of the lifting motor 4133, the centering seat 4121 screwed thereto is moved up and down, so that the applying force of the finish grinding roller 411 always points to the rotation center of the workpiece, and the finish grinding roller 411 is moved up and down to perform the finish grinding process on the surface of the workpiece.

It is also necessary to supplement that the rotation driving part 414 includes a driven wheel 4141 disposed outside the positioning seat 4121 and connected to the fine grinding roller 411, a driving wheel 4142, a transmission belt 4143 for driving and connecting the driven wheel 4141 and the driving wheel 4142, and a rotation motor 4144 disposed on the centering seat 4121 and having a power end connected to the driving wheel 4142.

In the present embodiment, the rotating motor 4144 is preferably a servo motor, and the driving wheel 4142 is driven by the rotation of the rotating motor 4144, and the driving wheel 4142 is driven by the rotation of the driven wheel 4141 through the transmission belt 4143, so that the driven wheel 4141 drives the fine grinding roller 411 to rotate, and the fine grinding process is performed on the surface of the workpiece.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the driving member 4124 includes an installation base 41241 provided on the machine tool body 1, a rotating bracket 41242 rotatably installed on the installation base 41241, a transverse bracket 41243 provided on one side of the rotating bracket 41242, a sliding space 41244 opened on the transverse bracket 41243 and slidably connected to the rotating bracket 41242, and a sliding seat 41245 installed on the maintaining seat 4123 and slidably connected to one end of the transverse bracket 41243, wherein the sliding seat 41245 is disposed along a rotation center of the fine grinding roller 411.

It is noted that as shown in figures 4, 5, 12 and 15, when the refining assembly 41 reciprocates up and down, the screw 4132 on the lifting bracket 4131 is driven to rotate by the rotating force of the lifting motor 4133, the screw 4132 further drives the first rack 552 in threaded connection with the screw to move up and down, meanwhile, the first rack 552 is connected to the centering block 4121, and thus moves up and down together with the centering block 4121, and moves up and down when the fine-grinding roller 411 rotates for fine grinding, that is, the screw 4131 drives the centering seat 4121 connected with the first rack 552 to move downwards and upwards, while moving, the transverse bracket 41243 slidably connected with the sliding seat 41245 on the maintaining seat 4123 is moved upwards, meanwhile, on the transverse bracket 41243, through the sliding connection between the sliding space 41244 and the rotating bracket 41242, the rotation center of the rotary bracket 41242 mounted on the mounting base 41241 is the rotation center for processing the workpiece, while the maintaining seat 4123 is still guided and installed in the arc-shaped guide rail 4122, the maintaining seat 4123 slidably installed on the centering seat 4121 during the ascent process is dragged by the rotating bracket 41242 and the transverse bracket 41243, so that the holder 4123 is adaptively rotated in the guide direction of the arc-shaped guide rail 4122, namely, the maintaining seat 4123 rotates to always point to be consistent with the rotating bracket 41242, namely, the supporting surface of the maintaining seat 4123 on the arc-shaped guide rail 4122 is always in the tangential direction of the arc-shaped guide rail 4122 when the maintaining seat 4123 bears the force in the grinding process, so that the holder 4123 is always supported by the contact tangent point of the arc-shaped guide rail 4122, therefore, the supporting stability of the maintaining seat 4123 is ensured, and the technical problem of unstable grinding action caused by the fact that the arrangement direction of the supporting surface is not perpendicular to the reverse stress during grinding in the moving and cutting process is solved.

As shown in fig. 5, the rough grinding assembly 42 includes:

a coarse grinding roll 421;

a sliding frame 423 for mounting the coarse grinding roller 421; and

the rotary drive 414 is power driven to a power linkage assembly 422 of the roughing roller 421 where it meets the workpiece.

In this embodiment, when the rough grinding assembly 42 moves to the workpiece surface for rough grinding, the power connection assembly 422 outputs the rotation power of the rotation driving portion 414 to the rough grinding roller 421 when the sliding frame 423 moves toward the workpiece surface, so that the rotating rough grinding roller 421 performs rough grinding on the workpiece surface.

It should be added that the power connection assembly 422 includes a first linkage gear 4221 disposed outside the sliding frame 423 and connected to the coarse grinding roller 421, and a second linkage gear 4222 disposed on the driven wheel 4141, and the first linkage gear 4221 may be engaged with the second linkage gear 4222.

Further, in order to ensure that the first linkage gear 4221 and the second linkage gear 4222 can be meshed, teeth of the first linkage gear 4221 and teeth of the second linkage gear 4222 are in a triangular pointed tooth structure.

In this embodiment, it is found that, after the finish grinding roller 411 is finish ground preferably from bottom to top, the rotating motor 4144 stops operating when it reaches the topmost portion, and when the finish grinding roller 411 descends and returns, the first interlocking gear 4221 connected to the rough grinding roller 421 moving toward the workpiece surface side gradually moves to the second interlocking gear 4222 side and engages with the second interlocking gear 4222, and after the engagement, the rotating motor 4144 continues operating to rotate the rough grinding roller 421 to roughly grind the workpiece.

It should be added that the driven wheel 4141 is mounted on a fixed bracket, and the fixed bracket is arranged on the lifting bracket 4131.

In this embodiment, the fixed bracket may implement a rotational mounting of the driven wheel 4141, thereby ensuring that the rotational center of the fine-grinding roller 411 is always maintained.

Example two

As shown in fig. 9, in which the same or corresponding components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, only the points of difference from the first embodiment will be described below for the sake of convenience. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: the polishing assembly 5 includes:

a polishing belt assembly 51;

the ash cleaning component 52 is elastically attached to the surface of the rotating workpiece at the polishing front end of the polishing belt component 51;

a quantitative spraying component 53 for intermittently spraying a polishing agent to the polishing belt component 51 at the polishing position of the workpiece;

a belt surface cleaning assembly 54 which has the same combing direction as the polishing direction and washes the combed belt surface; and

and a moving member 55 for reciprocating the polishing belt member 51 back and forth toward the workpiece following the lapping operation of the lapping unit 41.

In the embodiment, after the fine grinding assembly 41 finishes the fine grinding treatment of the workpiece surface, preferably from bottom to top, the moving assembly 55 makes the polishing belt assembly 51 approach the workpiece surface gradually, and after the fine grinding treatment, as the fine grinding assembly 41 continues to rise, the polishing belt assembly 51 is connected with the workpiece surface, so as to polish the workpiece, and during the polishing process and during the fine grinding process before polishing, the ash cleaning assembly 52 can clean the workpiece surface or the polishing scraps, and the quantitative spraying assembly 53 intermittently sprays the polishing agent during the workpiece polishing process, so as to save the polishing amount of the polishing agent, and during the polishing process, the belt surface of the polishing belt assembly 51 carries the scrap particles due to polishing, so as to clean the belt surface by using the belt surface cleaning assembly 54.

It should be added that the polishing belt assembly 51 includes a housing 511 slidably mounted on the movable frame 3, a rotating roller 512 disposed on the housing 511, a polishing belt 513 mounted on the rotating roller 512 in a transmission manner, and a polishing motor 514 mounted on the housing 511 and in power connection with one set of the rotating rollers 512.

In this embodiment, the polishing motor 514 is preferably a servo motor, and the polishing motor 514 is driven to one group of the rotating rollers 512, so that the other group of the rotating rollers 512 and the polishing belt 513 are driven, so that the polishing belt 513 rotates along the frame supported by the polishing rollers 512, and the polishing process is performed by the polishing belt 513 attached to the surface of the workpiece.

It should be added that the moving assembly 55 includes a fixed gear 551 installed at one side of the lifting bracket 4131, a first rack 552 connected to the centering seat 4121, and a second rack 553 connected to the housing 511, wherein the first rack 552 is engaged with the fixed gear 551, and the second rack 552 is engaged with the fixed gear 551.

In this embodiment, when the moving assembly 55 transmits the moving power of the fine grinding assembly 411 to the polishing belt assembly 51, the fine grinding assembly 411 raises the first rack 552 through the centering seat 4121, so that the raised first rack 552 rotates the fixed gear 551, and the fixed gear 551 moves the second rack 553, so that the second rack 553 pulls the housing 511 and the entire polishing belt assembly 51 to move toward the surface of the workpiece.

It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 4 and 12, during the fine grinding process from the bottom to the top of the fine grinding assembly 41, the screw 4132 drives the first rack 552 upwards to rotate the fixed gear 551 engaged with the first rack 522, so as to move the second rack 553 engaged with the fixed gear 511, so that the polishing belt assembly 51 connected to the second rack 553 is moved toward the workpiece, until the first rack 552 moves to the top point, the polishing belt assembly 51 just reaches the polishing position, and the rotating workpiece is polished.

It should be noted that the control process of the control assembly 6 is as shown in fig. 13-14, and during the switching of the actions of the fine grinding assembly 41 and the rough grinding assembly 42, the traction member 623 sequentially passes through six stages La, lb, lc, ld, le, lf in the guide track 622:

wherein, 1) in the process of the ascending of the refining assembly 41, the La, lb and Lc stages can be passed;

and (3) La stage: during the process that the traction piece 623 ascends through the La on the guide track 622, the traction piece 623 pulls the sliding frame 423 to move towards the opposite direction of the workpiece processing, so that the coarse grinding roller 421 is further away from the workpiece and then enters an Lb stage;

stage Lb: the rough grinding roller 421 keeps away from the workpiece and ascends together with the fine grinding roller 411, and during the ascending, the fine grinding roller 411 can make the reverse supporting force of the fine grinding roller 411 always point to the center of the workpiece under the guiding action of the centering component 412 to provide stable supporting force until the fine grinding roller 411 upwards leaves the workpiece, and at the same time, the polishing belt component 51 gradually approaches the workpiece through the transmission meshing between the fixed gear 511 and the second rack 553 by the first rack 522 when the first rack 522 ascends;

lc stage: the fine grinding roller 411 after finishing the grinding process is driven by the first rack 522 to continuously rise, and because the track of Lc is an inclined track, the traction piece 623 at this time carries the sliding frame 423 and the coarse grinding roller 421 to gradually approach towards one side of the workpiece, the polishing belt assembly 51 further approaches the workpiece again, until the traction piece 623 moves to the height making point of the Lc stage, the polishing belt assembly 51 performs continuous polishing process on the surface of the workpiece after the fine grinding, and in the polishing stage, the fine grinding roller 411 is in a stop state in order to save energy consumption;

2) During the descending process of the refining assembly 41, the stages of Ld, le and Lf are passed;

and an Ld stage: the fine grinding roller 411 gradually moves downwards under the power of the first rack 522, and because the Ld rail is arranged obliquely downwards, the traction member 623 also drives the sliding frame 423 and the coarse grinding roller 421 to approach towards the workpiece, and simultaneously the first linkage gear 4221 coaxially connected with the coarse grinding roller 421 gradually moves to the second linkage gear 4222, so that the first linkage gear 4221 and the second linkage gear 4222 are gradually meshed until the end of Ld is reached, the first linkage gear 4221 and the second linkage gear 4222 are meshed, and simultaneously the coarse grinding roller 421 also reaches a position above the workpiece for coarse grinding the workpiece;

and Le stage: the rotating motor 4144 is started to drive the fine grinding roller 411 to rotate, the first linkage gear 4221 is driven by the second linkage gear 4222, the coarse grinding roller 421 is further driven to rotate, meanwhile, the fine grinding component 41 is driven downwards by the first rack 522, the coarse grinding roller 421 after the grinding station is determined also moves downwards to the surface of the workpiece, the workpiece is roughly ground from top to bottom, meanwhile, the fine grinding roller 411 after being polished by the polishing belt component 51 is located in the workpiece area when descending, the radial dimension of the polished workpiece is smaller than that after being accurately ground, and therefore the fine grinding roller 411 cannot interfere with the surface of the polished workpiece in the falling process until the coarse grinding roller 421 continuously leaves the workpiece downwards after being roughly ground;

and an Lf stage: the traction member 623 drives the sliding frame 423 to gradually leave the surface of the workpiece in an Lf rail obliquely downwards, and simultaneously the first linkage gear 4221 gradually disengages from the second linkage gear 4222 until the fine grinding assembly 41 and the rough grinding assembly 42 simultaneously reach the lowest point of a downward stroke, and in the stroke, the moving frame 3 can also drive the grinding assembly 4, the polishing assembly 5 and the control assembly 6 to integrally move towards the axial direction of the workpiece to be processed by a preset distance, and then the processes of fine grinding and polishing from bottom to top and coarse grinding and station moving from top to bottom are circularly performed.

Next, the top of the moving frame 3 is provided with a slide rail 31 for sliding the bottom of the housing 511 back and forth.

In the present embodiment, the polishing belt assembly 51 can be accurately positioned on the surface of the finish-ground workpiece by the arrangement of the slide rail 31 and the guiding function of the housing 511 during movement.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the quantitative spray assembly 53 includes:

a positioning outer cylinder 531 with a nozzle 5311 at one side of the top;

the material carrying barrel 532 is rotatably inserted in the positioning outer barrel 531, and through grooves 5321 corresponding to the nozzles 5311 are formed in the periphery of the material carrying barrel; and

a cover 533 sliding to cover the top of the nozzle 5311, wherein one side of the cover 533 is elastically connected to the polishing belt assembly 51.

In this embodiment, when the quantitative spraying assembly 53 sprays the polishing agent between the workpiece and the polishing belt 513, when the polishing belt 513 contacts the surface of the workpiece, the sealing cover 533 is elastically pushed open to expose the nozzle 5311, and when the material carrying cylinder 532 rotates to connect the through groove 5321 and the nozzle 5311, the polishing agent in the material carrying cylinder 532 is ejected from the through groove 5321 and the nozzle 5311 to the polishing position of the polishing belt 513 on the workpiece.

It should be further supplemented that one side of the sealing cover 533 is connected with an insertion rod 5341, the other end of the insertion rod 5341 is inserted into the housing 511, the other end of the sealing cover 533 is provided with an ejection rod 5343, and a spring 523 is connected between the sealing cover 533 and the housing 511.

In this embodiment, when the quantitative spraying component 53 moves together with the polishing belt component 51 toward the workpiece, the push rod 5343 moves along to abut against the side of the movable frame 3, so that the cover 533 is pushed open, the nozzle 5311 is exposed to spray the polishing agent, and when the polishing belt component 51 leaves the polished workpiece, the push rod 5343 gradually leaves the side of the movable frame 3, and the spring 523 exerts an elastic force on the cover 533, so that the cover 533 can continuously shield the top nozzle 5311 of the positioning outer cylinder 531.

As shown in fig. 9, the belt surface cleaning assembly 54 includes:

a carding roller 541 rotating in a polishing direction, a tangential speed of rotation of the carding roller 541 being greater than a belt surface speed of the polishing belt assembly 51; and

and a spray assembly 542 which is arranged at the downstream of the carding roller 541 along the belt surface of the polishing belt assembly 51 and used for high-pressure washing of the belt surface of the polishing belt assembly 51.

In this embodiment, the belt surface cleaning assembly 54 combs the belt surface of the polishing belt 513, which is tilted in the polishing reverse direction, in the polishing direction by the combing roller 541 during cleaning the belt surface of the polishing belt 513, and washes away the waste particles from the cleaned belt surface of the polishing belt 513 by the spraying assembly 542 after cleaning.

It is added that the carding drum 541 comprises a carding drum 5411, a poking comb 5412 arranged on the surface of the carding drum 5411, a first gear 5413 arranged outside the housing 511 and connected with the carding drum 5411, and a second gear 5121 engaged with the first gear 5413 and connected with the rotating roller 512.

In this embodiment, the rotation of the rotating roller 512 is transmitted to the second gear 5121, so that the second gear 5121 is engaged with and transmitted to the first gear 5413, and the first gear 5413 further drives the combing cylinder 5411 to rotate, thereby performing the combing work after polishing on the surface of the polishing belt 513 through the poking comb 5412.

In order to better finish the combing work, the number of teeth of the first gear 5413 is smaller than that of the second gear 5121.

In this embodiment, the first gear 5413 is driven at a higher rotation speed to the carding cylinder 5411 by the transmission of the second gear 5121 to the first gear 5413.

It is also necessary to supplement that the shower assembly 542 includes a shower head 542 and guide rollers 514 that pull the polishing strip 513 up against the side of the shower assembly 542.

In this embodiment, the polishing belt 513 is pulled to swell by the guide roller 514, so that the polishing belt 513 is better acted on the combed surface by the shower head 542.

Next, the ash removal assembly 52 includes a scraper 521 connected to the surface of the workpiece, a guide rod 522 disposed at the bottom of the scraper 521, and an energy storage spring 523 connected between the scraper 521 and the moving frame 3, wherein the lower end of the guide rod 522 is movably inserted into the moving frame 3.

In this embodiment, in the process of rotating the workpiece, the scraper 521 is always in contact with the surface of the workpiece through the elastic force of the energy storage spring 523, so as to clean the waste particles polished or ground from the surface of the workpiece.

The working steps are as follows:

step one, rough grinding, wherein a workpiece is clamped by the clamping assembly 2 and is driven to rotate, rough grinding processing is carried out through the rough grinding assembly 42 switched out from the grinding assembly 4, then the machine tool body 1 drives the movable rack 3 to move, so that the rough grinding assembly 42 continuously moves to the next position to be rough ground, and the fine grinding assembly 41 reaches the surface of the workpiece after rough grinding processing;

step two, finish grinding, in which the rough grinding component 42 is controlled by the control component 6, so that the rough grinding component 42 moves towards the direction away from the workpiece, and then the lifting component 413 drives the finish grinding roller 411 to move towards the surface of the workpiece after rough grinding, so as to finish grind the surface of the workpiece;

step three, centering and pushing, wherein when the rough grinding roller 411 performs finish grinding on the surface of the workpiece, the centering assembly 412 always ensures that the force application direction for supporting and grinding the rough grinding roller 411 points to the rotation center of the workpiece;

step four, polishing, wherein in the process that the fine grinding component 41 moves towards the surface of the workpiece for fine grinding, the polishing belt component 51 is driven by the moving component 55 to gradually move towards the surface of the workpiece, and after the fine grinding component 41 finishes fine grinding of the workpiece and leaves the surface of the workpiece, the polishing belt component 51 contacts with the surface of the workpiece after the fine grinding and polishes the surface of the workpiece;

step five, rough grinding is carried out again, after polishing, the fine grinding assembly 41 carries the rough grinding assembly 42 to return to the initial position, and when returning, the control assembly 6 switches the rough grinding assembly 42 out, so that the rough grinding assembly 42 can be in contact with the surface of the workpiece which is not roughly ground, and in the process of returning, the rough grinding assembly performs rough grinding on the surface of the workpiece;

and sixthly, moving the station, after the coarse grinding action is finished, driving the movable rack 3 to continuously move the workpiece surface which is not ground and polished by the machine tool body 1, and then performing coarse grinding, fine grinding and polishing treatment to obtain a mirror surface product.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grinding and polishing integrated machine tool comprising:

a machine tool body; and

the clamping components are clamped at two ends of the workpiece and drive the workpiece to rotate;

it is characterized by also comprising:

the movable rack is arranged on the machine tool body in a sliding manner;

a grinding assembly mounted on the mobile frame;

the polishing assembly is arranged on the opposite side of the grinding assembly; and

a control component for switching the finish grinding action of the grinding component to the rough grinding action before the next finish grinding action;

when the grinding component is always aligned with the center of the workpiece to finish the finish grinding and is separated from the workpiece, the polishing component follows the separation action to reach the finish grinding working surface for polishing.

2. A grinding and polishing integrated machine tool according to claim 1, wherein said grinding assembly comprises:

the grinding and pushing direction always keeps pointing to the fine grinding assembly of the rotation center of the workpiece; and

the coarse grinding assembly is arranged on one side of the fine grinding assembly in a sliding mode and moves up and down along with the fine grinding assembly.

3. A grinding and polishing integrated machine tool according to claim 2, wherein said control assembly comprises:

the sliding seat is used for slidably mounting the rough grinding assembly and is connected with the fine grinding assembly; and

a guide member mounted on the movable frame and moving the rough grinding member away from the workpiece during finish grinding.

4. A grinding and polishing integrated machine tool according to claim 3, wherein said guide assembly comprises:

a guide seat;

the guide rail is arranged on the guide seat and is of a closed structure with the left side and the right side which are linearly parallel to each other and the upper side and the lower side which are in a conical shape;

the traction piece is inserted on the guide rail at one end and connected with the rough grinding assembly at the other end; and

and the pushing piece is arranged on the upper inner side wall and the lower inner side wall of the guide track and pushes the traction piece to the other side of the cone.

5. A grinding and polishing integrated machine tool according to claim 2, wherein said lapping assembly comprises:

a finish grinding roller;

a centering assembly for mounting the refiner roller;

the lifting component drives the fine grinding roller to reciprocate up and down; and

and a rotation driving part for driving the fine grinding roller to rotate.

6. A grinding and polishing integrated machine tool according to claim 5, wherein said centering assembly comprises:

the centering seat is connected with the power end of the lifting assembly;

the rotating center of the fine grinding roller is consistent with the center of the arc guide rail;

the pushing seat is used for installing the fine grinding roller, and one end of the pushing seat is clamped in the arc-shaped guide rail in a sliding manner;

and the driving piece drives the pushing seat to rotate along the rotation center of the workpiece.

7. A grinding and polishing integrated machine tool according to claim 5, wherein the rough grinding assembly comprises:

a coarse grinding roller; and

and the power connecting component is used for transmitting the power of the rotation driving part to the coarse grinding roller at the joint of the workpiece.

8. A grinding and polishing integrated machine tool according to claim 2, wherein said polishing assembly comprises:

a polishing belt assembly;

the ash removal component is elastically attached to the surface of the rotating workpiece at the polishing front end of the polishing belt component;

a quantitative spraying component for intermittently spraying a polishing agent on the polishing position of the workpiece for the polishing belt component;

9. A grinding and polishing integrated machine tool according to claim 8, wherein said quantitative spraying component comprises:

one side of the top of the outer barrel is provided with a positioning outer barrel of a nozzle;

the material carrying barrel is rotatably inserted in the positioning outer barrel, and the periphery of the material carrying barrel is provided with through grooves corresponding to the nozzles; and

the sliding cover is arranged on the sealing cover at the top of the spout, and one side of the sealing cover is elastically connected with the polishing belt component.

10. A grinding and polishing all-in-one machine tool according to claim 9, wherein said belt surface cleaning assembly comprises:

a carding drum rotating in a polishing direction, a rotational tangential speed of the carding drum being greater than a belt face speed of the polishing belt assembly; and

and the spraying component is arranged at the downstream of the carding roller conveyed along the belt surface of the polishing belt component and used for carrying out high-pressure washing on the belt surface of the polishing belt component.