CN115178780A - Aviation thin-wall part milling device - Google Patents
Aviation thin-wall part milling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115178780A CN115178780A CN202211092256.0A CN202211092256A CN115178780A CN 115178780 A CN115178780 A CN 115178780A CN 202211092256 A CN202211092256 A CN 202211092256A CN 115178780 A CN115178780 A CN 115178780A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C1/00—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations
- B23C1/06—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations with one vertical working-spindle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
- B23C5/1081—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft with permanently fixed cutting inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/28—Features relating to lubricating or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0966—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring a force on parts of the machine other than a motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
- B23Q17/2428—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring existing positions of tools or workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
- B23Q5/34—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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Abstract
The invention provides an aviation thin-wall part milling device. The cutting device for machining the thin-walled aviation part has the advantages that the cutter freedom degree is high, the feeding amount and the stress are not visual, the problems that the improvement or adjustment mode is complex, the precision cannot be guaranteed easily, clamping is easy to loosen and the like exist, the cutter feeding is changed into the mode that the cutter moves together in cooperation with a machined part to achieve feeding, the clamping effect is improved by the aid of a special mask clamping mode, adverse effects caused by thermal coupling are reduced by the aid of a cooling mode matched vertically, and the cutting device has a good popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation part production, and particularly relates to an aviation thin-wall part milling device.
Background
In order to achieve the purposes of reducing weight and improving specific strength, thin-wall parts made of materials such as aviation aluminum alloy and the like are widely adopted in the aviation industry, the thin-wall parts mainly comprise thin-wall aviation structural members composed of webs, ribs and flanges, and have the characteristics of complex structure, poor rigidity and the like, deformation is easy to occur in the milling process, and further the processing precision and the processing efficiency of the parts are directly influenced. From the existing machining deformation mechanism, the factors causing the milling deformation of the aviation thin-wall part are very many, including the intrinsic parameters of the used tool, the working machine tool, the fixture and the like, and also including the process parameters of cutting speed, cutting depth, feed amount, thermal coupling, generation of built-up edge and the like, wherein the most important factors are residual stress occurring in the material, cutting force in the machining process, clamping force of a tool and positioning.
At present, technicians start from various aspects to improve the milling device and the method thereof, mainly including adjustment of intrinsic parameters of equipment, such as optimization of tool parameters, improvement of tool clamping mode and the like, adjustment of process parameters, such as control of milling speed, adjustment of single feed and the like, optimization of tool feed route, cutting compensation and the like.
However, the current milling process has the following problems: 1) In the existing milling process, a workpiece to be machined is usually in a static state after being clamped, which requires that a tool and a machining device matched with the tool have high degree of freedom, for example, the tool is required to be ensured to be capable of rotating, moving up and down to adjust cutting depth, moving front and back and left and right to meet transverse feeding, the high degree of freedom determines that the machining device is complex, the cost required to be invested is high, if the tool needs to be improved or adjusted, for example, the cutting angle, the feeding amount and the like of the tool are adjusted, the coordination with other related components needs to be considered, so the improvement or adjustment mode is complex and the accuracy is easily not ensured; 2) The existing milling method cannot meet the requirement of accurately detecting the stress of the milling cutter in all directions, and the feeding amount is usually considered only according to the feeding speed, so that the feeding amount is inaccurate; 3) The existing milling machine clamping mode mainly adopts flat tongs clamping, clamping by a dividing head when a pressure plate is directly pressed on a working table surface of a machine tool, clamping by a chuck when the chuck is pressed on the working table surface of the milling machine, and the like, the adaptive clamping cannot be carried out on a workpiece to be machined, the situation that the clamping is too tight or too loose easily occurs, the milling precision is not high, for example, when the clamping is too loose, the workpiece to be machined is easy to shake in the milling process, and the machining precision is influenced. In view of this, the problems of low processing precision and easy deformation in the production process of the existing aviation thin-wall parts need to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an aviation thin-wall part milling device, aiming at solving at least one of the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an aviation thin wall part milling equipment, it includes the organism, the organism includes milling machine base and crossbeam, through founding roof beam fixed connection between crossbeam and the milling machine base, be provided with first spout on the milling machine base, the shifting board through the slide rail of its bottom with first spout sliding connection, relative second spout around both sides are provided with at the shifting board top, both sides are located the second spout around the grip block, still be provided with first execution unit on the milling machine base, first execution unit is connected with the shifting board through first push rod and can promote the shifting board upwards slide in front and back direction, fixed surface is provided with the second execution unit in the middle part of the right side of shifting board, the second execution unit is connected through the second push rod with the grip block and can promote the grip block to slide along left right direction in the second spout, be provided with milling cutter structure and high-speed camera on the crossbeam, high-speed camera, first execution unit and second execution unit and central control unit communication connection.
Preferably, the first sliding groove is a T-shaped groove, the front end of the first sliding groove penetrates through the front side surface of the milling machine base, the rear end of the first sliding groove is a blind end, and the vertical beam and the first execution unit are fixedly arranged on the rear side of the blind end.
Preferably, the inside of first push rod and second push rod all is provided with inlet channel and liquid outlet channel, and the rear end interval of first push rod is provided with inlet and liquid outlet, the inlet and the coolant liquid supply system of first push rod are connected, the liquid outlet and the coolant liquid recovery system of first push rod are connected to the inlet and the liquid outlet of second push rod through the liquid channel in the slide respectively, make the coolant liquid get into the inside cooling system of centre gripping dish via first push rod, slide plate, second push rod in proper order, then get into the coolant liquid recovery system via second push rod, slide plate, first push rod in proper order again, the inside cooling system of centre gripping dish is for being located the coil pipe structure of treating machined part centre gripping groove below in slide plate middle part.
Preferably, the whole square structure that is of centre gripping dish, its left side is provided with the opening, and open-ended upper portion forms the centre gripping roof beam, and centre gripping dish middle part is undercut treats machined part centre gripping groove, and both sides and right side all set up to inside sunken draw-in groove structure around the machined part centre gripping groove of treating of centre gripping dish, and the equipartition is equipped with clamping bolt on the bead of draw-in groove structure top and the centre gripping roof beam, utilizes clamping bolt to realize treating the all-round clamp of machined part.
The clamping plate comprises a clamping plate body, a clamping groove structure is formed in the clamping plate body, the clamping groove structure is formed in the clamping plate body, and the clamping plate body is provided with a clamping bolt.
As a further preferred embodiment, a marker is arranged in the middle of the right side of the clamping disc, and a laser displacement sensor corresponding to the marker on the right side of the clamping disc is arranged on one side of the second execution unit facing the clamping disc, so as to measure the displacement of the clamping disc in the left-right direction; the middle part of the rear side of the sliding plate is provided with another marker, and one side of the first execution unit, which faces the sliding plate, is provided with another laser displacement sensor corresponding to the other marker on the rear side of the sliding plate, so as to measure the displacement condition of the sliding plate in the front and rear directions; four markers are separately arranged at the edge positions of four corners of a clamping groove of a workpiece to be machined of the clamping disc, two laser displacement sensors are respectively provided with a striking mark so as to be convenient for a high-speed camera to lock the positions of the laser displacement sensors, and an axial stress sensor is arranged on the milling cutter structure and used for determining the initial milling position of the milling cutter on the surface of the workpiece to be machined, so that the milling depth parameter is determined; the two laser displacement sensors and the axial stress sensor structurally arranged on the milling cutter are both in communication connection with the central control unit.
Preferably, the milling cutter structure comprises a rod-shaped main body, a central cooling liquid supply channel and a cutting edge, wherein the central cooling liquid supply channel is located inside the rod-shaped main body, the cutting edge is provided with a front cutting edge part, the front cutting edge part is in arc smooth transition connection with a cutting tip part, the bottom end of the central cooling liquid supply channel is a blind end, a plurality of cooling liquid spraying branch channels are arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the central cooling liquid supply channel, outlets of the cooling liquid spraying branch channels point to the front cutting edge part, so that cooling liquid can smoothly flow to the cutting tip part along an arc surface of the front cutting edge part, the cutting tip part comprises a cutting tip, an arc part and a chipping tip part, the cutting tip is used for cutting the surface of a workpiece, the arc part is formed above the cutting tip, the chipping tip part and the front cutting edge part are formed, chips formed by cutting of the cutting tip move upwards, are bent through the arc part and are crushed into chips under the action of the chipping tip part, and the arc part is arc-shaped and is connected with a minor arc.
Preferably, a stress sensor for detecting an axial force is further provided on each of the first push rod and the second push rod, for adjusting a position and a parameter of the milling cutter structure when the detected stress exceeds a set threshold.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
1. the feeding amount is independently adjusted in the front-back direction, the left-right direction and the vertical direction, so that the degree of freedom of the cutter in milling is reduced, the high-cost factors of the cutter and the matched processing equipment thereof caused by high degree of freedom can be reduced, and the processing and adjustment are facilitated;
2. through the laser displacement sensor and the axial stress sensor, the feeding amount in each direction and the stress of the cutter in each direction can be accurately monitored, if deformation occurs, the stress and the azimuth information which cause the deformation can be directly obtained quite intuitively, and the processing is convenient in time; the conventional method needs long time and experiment exploration to find out the cause of the deformation;
3. the bottom of a workpiece to be machined is cooled by the aid of the cooling coil structure of the clamping disc and a cooling supply system matched with the cooling coil structure, the milling tip is cooled by the aid of the milling cutter structure, the upper side and the lower side of the milling tip are cooled cooperatively, and the upper part of the milling tip is cooled accurately, so that a thermal coupling effect can be greatly reduced, and stress deformation caused by thermal coupling is avoided;
4. the mask is arranged, a point clamping mode is converted into a surface clamping mode, so that the shaking caused by the fact that a certain position is not firmly clamped can be greatly reduced, the region to be machined formed on the mask can be prepared in advance according to the shape of an actual machined part, and the machining requirements of the machined parts of different sizes and shapes can be met;
5. the special cutting tool structure can promote the piece, avoids the production of long-pending bits tumour, and simultaneously, the coolant liquid of milling cutter structure when playing the cooling effect, can also utilize coolant liquid injection branch passageway directly to blow away the piece that produces, takes away the piece when taking away the heat, has avoided the influence to the course of working.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a milling device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the position of the pusher structure in the body structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the putter structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cooling circuit wiring in the chuck plate of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a clamping disk of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a left side view of the clamping disk shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a clamping disk of another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a left side view of the clamping disk shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the position relationship between the clamping plate and the pushing rod structure;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a milling cutter body employed in the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the milling cutter shown in FIG. 10;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of a cutting tip structure of the milling cutter shown in fig. 10;
the machining method comprises the following steps of 1-a milling machine base, 2-a sliding plate, 3-a clamping disc, 4-a milling cutter structure, 5-a high-speed camera, 6-a cross beam, 7-a first execution unit, 8-a second execution unit, 9-a central control unit, 10-a first chute, 11-a first push rod, 12-a second push rod, 13-a liquid inlet channel, 14-a liquid outlet channel, 15-a clamping bolt, 16-a clamping beam, 17-an opening, 18-a mask, 19-a workpiece, 20-a workpiece to be machined, 21-a cooling coil, 22-a marker, 23-a laser displacement sensor, 24-a central cooling liquid supply channel, 25-a cooling liquid injection branch channel, 26-a cutting edge, 27-a front part of the cutting edge, 28-a chip tip part, 29-an arc part, 30-a chip, 31-a cutting tip and 32-a chip.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings are merely schematic illustrations made for the convenience of explanation of the present invention, and the position, size, etc. of the respective parts are different from those of an actual product, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the main structure of the milling device is schematically illustrated, and according to the established XYZ coordinate system, the direction of the X axis is the front-back direction, the direction of the Y axis is the left-right direction, the direction of the Z axis is the vertical direction, and the direction of the arrow is the positive direction.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the invention provides an aviation thin-wall part milling device, which comprises a machine body, wherein the machine body comprises a milling machine base 1 and a cross beam 6, the cross beam 6 is fixedly connected with the milling machine base 1 through a vertical beam, a first sliding chute 10 is arranged on the milling machine base 1, a sliding plate 2 is slidably connected with the first sliding chute 10 through a sliding rail at the bottom of the sliding plate, second sliding chutes which are opposite in the front and back directions are arranged at the front and back sides of the top of the sliding plate 2, the front and back sides of a clamping disc 3 are positioned in the second sliding chutes, a first execution unit 7 is further arranged on the milling machine base 1, the first execution unit 7 is connected with the sliding plate 2 through a first push rod 11 and can push the sliding plate 2 to slide in the front and back directions, a second execution unit 8 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the middle part of the right side of the sliding plate 2, the second execution unit 8 is connected with the clamping disc 3 through a second push rod 12 and can push the clamping disc 3 to slide in the second sliding chute in the left and right directions, a milling cutter structure 4 and a high-right camera 5 are arranged on the cross beam 6, and a high-speed camera 5, and the first execution unit 7 and the second execution unit 8 are in communication connection with a central control unit 9.
Preferably, the first sliding groove 10 is a T-shaped groove, the front end of the first sliding groove penetrates through the front side surface of the milling machine base 1, the rear end of the first sliding groove is a blind end, and the vertical beam and the first execution unit 7 are both fixedly arranged on the rear side of the blind end. By adopting the arrangement mode, the sliding plate 2 can be conveniently detached, installed and replaced.
Preferably, a liquid inlet channel 13 and a liquid outlet channel 14 (as shown in fig. 3) are arranged inside the first push rod 11 and the second push rod 12, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are arranged at the rear end of the first push rod 11 at intervals, the liquid inlet of the first push rod 11 is connected with a cooling liquid supply system, the liquid outlet of the first push rod 11 is connected with a cooling liquid recovery system, the liquid inlet channel 13 and the liquid outlet channel 14 of the first push rod 11 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet (not shown in the figure of partial channel) of the second push rod 12 through a liquid channel in the sliding plate 2, so that the cooling liquid sequentially enters the cooling system inside the clamping disc 3 through the first push rod 11, the sliding plate 2 and the second push rod 12, and then sequentially enters the cooling liquid recovery system through the second push rod 12, the sliding plate 2 and the first push rod 11, and the cooling system inside the clamping disc 3 is a coil structure (as shown in fig. 4 to fig. 7) located below the clamping groove of the workpiece to be machined in the middle of the sliding plate 2. Due to the fact that the workpiece to be machined is an aviation thin-wall part, rapid heat exchange can be conducted by the aid of the arrangement mode, heat generated when the workpiece to be machined in the clamping groove of the clamping disc 3 to be machined is transferred away, and influence of thermal coupling is reduced.
Preferably, the whole square structure that is of grip slipper 3, its left side is provided with opening 17, be used for sending into and treat machined part 19 (preferably panel structure), opening 17's upper portion forms centre gripping roof beam 16, the middle part of grip slipper 3 is the machined part centre gripping groove of treating of undercut, both sides and right side all set up the draw-in groove structure of inside recess (treating machined part centre gripping groove towards the middle part) around the machined part centre gripping groove of treating of grip slipper 3, the bead and the centre gripping roof beam 16 equipartition above the draw-in groove structure are equipped with clamping bolt 15, utilize clamping bolt 15 to realize treating all-round clamp of machined part 19 (see fig. 5 to 6).
As a further preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 to 8, the mask 18 is further included, one or more regions to be processed 20 are formed in the middle of the mask 18, the mask 18 has an outer dimension capable of being positioned in the slot structure of the clamping disk 3, and the clamping bolt 15 is used for clamping the workpiece to be processed 19 in all directions (by clamping the mask 18 and then indirectly clamping the workpiece to be processed 19). The advantage that sets up like this lies in, turns into the point effort of clamping bolt 15 through mask 18 and treats the face effort of workpiece 19 to the clamping of mask 18, treats that the mask 18 region outside machining area 20 all has the clamping action to treating workpiece 19 of its below, consequently, can improve and press from both sides tight effect, in addition, can adapt to the processing demand of different shapes, size according to treating the size of machining area 20, quantity, owing to adopted mask 18 to treat that workpiece 19 is the shake phenomenon of man-hour obviously reduces. .
As a further preferred embodiment, referring to fig. 9, the middle part of the right side of the clamping disk 3 is provided with a marker 22, and one side (i.e. the left side) of the second execution unit 8 facing the clamping disk 3 is provided with a laser displacement sensor 23 corresponding to the marker 22 on the right side of the clamping disk 3, so as to measure the displacement of the clamping disk 3 in the left-right direction (Y-axis direction); similarly, another marker 22 is arranged in the middle of the rear side of the sliding plate 2, and another laser displacement sensor 23 corresponding to the another marker 22 on the rear side of the sliding plate 2 is arranged on one side (i.e. the front side) of the first execution unit 7 facing the sliding plate 2, so as to measure the displacement of the sliding plate 2 in the front-back direction (X-axis direction); in addition, four markers 22 are separately arranged at the edge positions of four corners of a clamping groove of the workpiece to be machined of the clamping disc 3, two laser displacement sensors 23 are respectively provided with a striking mark so as to facilitate the locking of the positions by the high-speed camera 5, and an axial stress sensor (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the milling cutter structure 4 and used for determining the initial milling position of the milling cutter on the surface of the workpiece to be machined 19, so that the milling depth parameter is determined; both laser displacement sensors 23 and the axial stress sensors provided on the milling cutter structure 4 are communicatively connected to the central control unit 9. The marker and the laser displacement sensor are used as measuring references, when the milling machine base is in work, the high-speed camera 5 can acquire the profile shapes of the sliding plate 2, the clamping disc 3 and the like on the milling machine base 1, the dimension and the position relation of each component are determined by utilizing the computer to carry out simulation by means of the arrangement of the marker and the laser displacement sensor 23, and after the high-speed camera 5 obtains the profile, the equal proportion correction can be carried out according to the distance measured by the laser displacement sensor 23 in the horizontal direction and the corresponding distance (the distance from the laser displacement sensor 23 to the corresponding marker 22) in the profile obtained by the high-speed camera 5, so that the accurate dimension and the position relation of each component in the horizontal direction can be obtained.
Preferably, in order to further improve the machining precision of the workpiece 19 to be machined, the milling cutter structure 4 adopts the structure shown in fig. 10 to 12, the milling cutter structure 4 comprises a rod-shaped main body, a central cooling liquid supply channel 24 and a spirally arranged cutting edge 26, the cutting edge 26 is provided with a cutting edge front part 27, the cutting edge front part 27 is in arc smooth transition connection with the cutting tip part, the bottom end of the central cooling liquid supply channel 24 is a blind end, a plurality of cooling liquid injection branch channels 25 are arranged on the bottom side wall of the central cooling liquid supply channel 24, the outlets of the cooling liquid injection branch channels 25 are directed to the cutting edge front part 27 so that cooling liquid can smoothly flow to the cutting tip part along the arc surface of the cutting edge front part 27, the cutting tip part comprises a cutting tip 31, an arc part 29 and a chip tip part 28, the cutting tip 31 is used for cutting the surface of the workpiece, the arc part 29 is formed above the cutting tip 31, the chip tip part 28 is formed at the intersection of the arc part 29 and the cutting edge front part 27, the chip tip part 30 formed by cutting of the cutting tip 31 moves upwards, and is bent by the chip 29 and then is broken into a chip tip part 32 under the action of the chip 28, the arc part 29 is an arc, and the arc of the arc part; the preferred circular arc has a central angle of 150 DEG to 175 deg. Adopt this kind of mode of setting up, can be directly with coolant liquid drainage to cutting point portion, cool off cutting part, simultaneously, the coolant liquid can also take away the piece, avoids its influence to cutting part, the specific shape of cutting point portion to and adopt the minor arc form, can promote clastic formation, greatly reduce the formation of long-pending bits tumour.
Preferably, a stress sensor for detecting an axial force is further provided on each of the first push rod 11 and the second push rod 12, for adjusting the position and parameters of the milling cutter structure 4, including the exit from the machining state, the adjustment of the acting direction and angle, the rotation speed, etc., when the detected stress exceeds a set threshold.
The use method of the milling device comprises the following steps:
s1, early preparation:
under the condition of no load (no workpiece to be machined is placed), the sliding plate 2 and the clamping disc 3 are restored to initial positions by using the execution unit (the initial positions can be set when the equipment leaves a factory, generally, the milling cutter structure 4 is located at the central position of the clamping disc 3 at the initial positions, the restoration of the initial positions is generally realized by the first execution unit 7 and the second execution unit 8, for example, the central control unit 9 sends an initialization instruction to the first execution unit 7 and the second execution unit 8, the initial positions need to be met, when the sliding plate 2 and the clamping disc 3 move in the horizontal direction, the milling cutter structure 4 can fully cover the clamping groove of the clamping disc 3 to be machined, the specific positions of the initial positions can be adjusted as required, which is not an innovation of the invention and is not described herein again); after the execution unit finishes the action, the central control unit 9 compares the collected shooting position information and the collected distance information (the distance information is measured by the laser displacement sensor 23) according to the contour information collected by the high-speed camera 5 with a simulation model pre-constructed in the central control unit 9, judges whether the shooting position information and the distance information are in place, if the shooting position information and the distance information are in place, the next step is carried out, if the shooting position information and the distance information are not in place and the error is small (a certain error usually exists, the step needs to be executed), at the moment, the central control unit 9 is utilized to carry out zero adjustment processing, namely, the current position in the simulation model is taken as an initial position, the coordinate position of the initial position is adjusted, and if the error is large, a maintenance prompt is sent; then, the device is operated in a no-load mode, and whether the device can work normally is checked;
s2, determining the position of the milling surface:
after the preparation work is finished, whether a mask needs to be selected or not is determined according to the processing requirement, then a workpiece 19 to be processed is installed in a clamping groove of the workpiece to be processed, if the mask 18 is installed, a simulation model can automatically generate a corresponding region 20 to be processed, at the moment, a worker needs to verify whether the number and the position of the region 20 to be processed obtained by the simulation model are matched with those of the installed mask 18 or not, after verification, the clamping disc 3 moves in the horizontal direction through the first execution unit 7 and the second execution unit 8, so that the milling cutter structure 4 is aligned to one region 20 to be processed of the mask 18, then the milling cutter structure 4 moves downwards in the vertical direction until an axial stress sensor arranged on the milling cutter structure 4 detects axial stress, and at the moment, the initial milling surface position is determined (the adjustment of the cutting depth is determined by taking the position as the basis); if the mask 18 does not exist, the milling cutter structure 4 is directly moved downwards, and the initial milling surface position is determined;
s3, cutting a workpiece:
starting a cooling liquid supply system, introducing a design model of the aviation thin-wall part to be machined and formed into a central control unit 9, obtaining cutting feed quantity components (X, Y and Z directions) of the aviation thin-wall part in the horizontal and vertical directions, then realizing feeding of a part to be machined 19 in the horizontal direction by controlling a first execution unit 7 and a second execution unit 8, and adjusting the cutting depth by controlling a milling cutter structure 4; in the case of the mask 18, after one area 20 to be processed is processed, the area can be directly transferred to the next area 20 to be processed; in the cutting process, distance information acquired by the two laser displacement sensors 23 and axial force information on the first push rod 11, the second push rod 12 and the milling cutter structure 4 are acquired in real time, and if any one of the information exceeds a set threshold, the milling cutter structure 4 is directly withdrawn upwards for inspection; and if no abnormity occurs, continuing processing until the processing is finished.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and shall cover the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an aviation thin wall part milling equipment, it includes the organism, the organism includes milling machine base and crossbeam, through founding roof beam fixed connection between crossbeam and the milling machine base, its characterized in that, be provided with first spout on the milling machine base, the shifting board through the slide rail of its bottom with first spout sliding connection, relative second spout around both sides are provided with in the front and back of shifting board top, both sides are located the second spout around the grip block, still be provided with first execution unit on the milling machine base, first execution unit is connected with the shifting board through first push rod and can promote the shifting board upwards to slide in front and back, fixed surface is provided with the second execution unit on the right side middle part of shifting board, second execution unit is connected and can promote the grip block to slide along left and right directions in the second spout through the second push rod with the grip block, be provided with milling cutter structure and high-speed camera on the crossbeam, high-speed camera, first execution unit and second execution unit and central control unit communication connection.
2. The milling device for aviation thin-wall parts according to claim 1, wherein the first sliding groove is a T-shaped groove, the front end of the first sliding groove penetrates through the front side surface of the milling machine base, the rear end of the first sliding groove is a blind end, and the vertical beam and the first execution unit are fixedly arranged on the rear side of the blind end.
3. The milling device for aviation thin-wall parts according to claim 1, wherein a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel are arranged inside the first push rod and the second push rod, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are arranged at intervals at the rear end of the first push rod, the liquid inlet of the first push rod is connected with a cooling liquid supply system, the liquid outlet of the first push rod is connected with a cooling liquid recovery system, the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel of the first push rod are respectively connected to the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the second push rod through a liquid channel in the sliding plate, so that cooling liquid sequentially enters the cooling system inside the clamping disc through the first push rod, the sliding plate and the second push rod, and then sequentially enters the cooling liquid recovery system through the second push rod, the sliding plate and the first push rod, and the cooling system inside the clamping disc is of a coil pipe structure located below a clamping groove of a workpiece to be machined in the middle of the sliding plate.
4. The milling device for aviation thin-wall parts according to claim 1, wherein the clamping disc is of a square structure as a whole, an opening is formed in the left side of the clamping disc, a clamping beam is formed at the upper part of the opening, a clamping groove for the workpiece to be machined is formed in the middle of the clamping disc and is recessed downwards, the front side, the rear side and the right side of the clamping groove for the workpiece to be machined of the clamping disc are respectively provided with an inwards recessed clamping groove structure, clamping bolts are uniformly distributed on the convex edge above the clamping groove structures and the clamping beam, and the clamping of the workpiece to be machined is achieved in an all-round mode through the clamping bolts.
5. The milling device for aviation thin-wall parts according to claim 4, further comprising a mask, wherein one or more regions to be machined are formed in the middle of the mask, the mask is sized to be positioned in the slot structure of the clamping disc, and the clamping bolt is used for clamping the workpiece to be machined in all directions.
6. The milling device for the aviation thin-wall part according to claim 1, wherein a marker is arranged in the middle of the right side of the clamping disc, and a laser displacement sensor corresponding to the marker on the right side of the clamping disc is arranged on one side, facing the clamping disc, of the second execution unit, so as to measure the displacement condition of the clamping disc in the left-right direction; the middle part of the rear side of the sliding plate is provided with another marker, and one side of the first execution unit, which faces the sliding plate, is provided with another laser displacement sensor corresponding to the other marker on the rear side of the sliding plate, so as to measure the displacement condition of the sliding plate in the front and rear directions; four markers are separately arranged at the edge positions of four corners of a clamping groove of a workpiece to be machined of the clamping disc, two laser displacement sensors are respectively provided with a striking mark so as to be convenient for a high-speed camera to lock the positions of the laser displacement sensors, and an axial stress sensor is arranged on the milling cutter structure and used for determining the initial milling position of the milling cutter on the surface of the workpiece to be machined, so that the milling depth parameter is determined; the two laser displacement sensors and the axial stress sensor structurally arranged on the milling cutter are both in communication connection with the central control unit.
7. The milling device for aviation thin-wall parts according to claim 1, wherein the milling cutter structure comprises a rod-shaped main body, a central cooling liquid supply channel and a spirally arranged cutting edge, the central cooling liquid supply channel is positioned in the rod-shaped main body, the cutting edge is provided with a cutting edge front part, the cutting edge front part is in arc smooth transition connection with a cutting tip part, the bottom end of the central cooling liquid supply channel is a blind end, a plurality of cooling liquid spraying branch channels are arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the central cooling liquid supply channel, outlets of the cooling liquid spraying branch channels are directed to the cutting edge front part, so that cooling liquid can smoothly flow to the cutting tip part along an arc surface of the cutting edge front part, the cutting tip part comprises a cutting tip, an arc part and a chip tip part, the cutting tip part is used for cutting the surface of a workpiece, an arc part is formed above the cutting tip part, a chip tip part is formed at the junction of the arc part and the cutting edge front part, chips formed by the cutting tip part move upwards and are bent through the arc part and then are broken into chips, and the arc part is in a minor arc shape.
8. The milling device for aviation thin-walled parts according to claim 1, wherein stress sensors for detecting axial force are further provided on the first push rod and the second push rod, respectively, for adjusting the position and parameters of the milling cutter structure when the detected stress exceeds a set threshold.
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| CN202211092256.0A CN115178780B (en) | 2022-09-08 | 2022-09-08 | Aviation thin-wall part milling device |
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| CN202211092256.0A CN115178780B (en) | 2022-09-08 | 2022-09-08 | Aviation thin-wall part milling device |
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