CN115173015B - Novel full-band high-isolation waveguide two-path power divider - Google Patents
Novel full-band high-isolation waveguide two-path power divider Download PDFInfo
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- CN115173015B CN115173015B CN202210674398.1A CN202210674398A CN115173015B CN 115173015 B CN115173015 B CN 115173015B CN 202210674398 A CN202210674398 A CN 202210674398A CN 115173015 B CN115173015 B CN 115173015B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
- H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
- H01P5/181—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being hollow waveguides
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of millimeter wave terahertz radars or communication systems, in particular to a novel full-band high-isolation waveguide two-way power divider, which comprises two-way power dividers, wherein the two-way power divider consists of 3 straight waveguides and 16 rectangular cavities, the straight waveguides comprise a main waveguide positioned at the center and auxiliary waveguides positioned at two sides of the main waveguide, the main waveguide and the two auxiliary waveguides are respectively connected through 8 rectangular cavities, the waveguide width of each rectangular cavity is equal and larger than the waveguide width of the main waveguide, and the two-way power divider comprises 6 ports, namely 1 input port, 2 output ports and 3 isolation ports.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of millimeter wave terahertz radars or communication systems, in particular to a novel full-frequency-band high-isolation waveguide two-way power divider.
Background
Power splitters are passive components used for power distribution and are widely used in microwave systems. It has an indispensable role in electronic countermeasure, communication systems, radar systems and test and measurement instruments. Its main uses are synthesizing and distributing power, expanding power range, monitoring power and spectrum, etc. There are also a number of important microwave measuring instruments such as vector network analyzers, reflectometers, etc. that are in wide use. Terahertz waves are used as a main frequency band developed for solving the problem of future electromagnetic spectrum crowding in the current electronic technology, and are widely focused on the aspects of communication, anti-terrorism detection, astronomical detection and the like, and a directional coupler is an important device in a circuit, so that the research on millimeter wave and even terahertz frequency band power dividers has very high application value. The waveguide power divider is a very commonly used circuit structure capable of realizing power distribution/synthesis in millimeter wave, millimeter wave and terahertz wave bands, the traditional T-shaped junction power divider is a two-port device and has the advantage of simple structure, but due to inherent characteristics, the isolation between output ports is only 6dB, and the system requirements can not be met far, so the development of the high-isolation and broadband power divider suitable for the waveguide structure is urgently needed. The six-port waveguide directional coupler is used as a device which has broadband, high isolation and can distribute power according to any proportion, is very suitable for designing a power divider or a power synthesizer, but in millimeter wave frequency band or terahertz frequency band, the circuit size is drastically reduced, and the traditional structure is difficult to process.
In the conventional T-junction power divider (fig. 1 and 2), the isolation between two output ports is only 6dB, which cannot meet engineering application, while the multi-port branched waveguide directional coupler can realize arbitrary power ratio output, and the isolation between two output ports can be greater than 30dB, and has broadband characteristics, which can be used for the design of two-way power divider, and in addition, zero amplitude difference can be realized between the output ports because the input ports are at the central axes of the two output ports. However, as the frequency reaches the millimeter wave band or even the terahertz band, the device size is drastically reduced, which causes the waveguide height of each branch of the multiport branched waveguide coupler to be continuously reduced, which increases the processing cost and difficulty index. In order to reduce the processing difficulty and cost of the power divider in the high frequency band, the invention adopts a rectangular cavity which is wider than a standard waveguide to replace the traditional waveguide branch, and increases the height of the waveguide branch by increasing the wide edge of the waveguide, thereby greatly reducing the processing difficulty and cost while realizing the characteristics of ultra-wideband and high isolation.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The waveguide coupler solves the problems that the waveguide height of each branch of the multiport branched waveguide coupler is continuously reduced as the frequency reaches the millimeter wave frequency band or even the terahertz frequency band, and the processing cost and the difficulty index are increased, and provides a novel full-frequency-band high-isolation waveguide two-way power divider.
(II) technical scheme
The invention provides a novel full-band high-isolation waveguide two-path power divider, which comprises the following specific technical scheme:
the utility model provides a novel full frequency band high isolation waveguide two way merit divides ware, including two way merit divides ware, two way merit divides the ware to constitute by 3 straight waveguide and 16 rectangle cavitys, straight waveguide is including the main waveguide that is located the center, be located the vice waveguide of main waveguide both sides, connect through 8 rectangle cavitys respectively between main waveguide and two vice waveguide, the waveguide width of every rectangle cavity all equals and is greater than the waveguide width of main waveguide, two way merit divides the ware to be 1 input port respectively including 6 ports, 2 output ports, 3 isolation ports.
As the preferable technical scheme, the two paths of power splitters are manufactured by adopting a computer digital control machining mode, the diameter of the milling cutter is determined by the height of the waveguide of the rectangular cavity, the milling cutter with a larger diameter is adopted for processing the larger waveguide height, and the processing difficulty and the cost are relatively lower.
As a preferable technical scheme, the waveguide width of the rectangular cavity is larger than that of the standard waveguide, a high-order mode (TE 30 mode) is excited in the rectangular cavity, and the two-way power divider is centrally symmetrical.
As a preferable technical scheme, the widths and the heights of the main waveguide and the auxiliary waveguide are standard waveguide sizes.
As a preferred solution, each isolation port needs to be added with a wave absorbing material or matched with a load to absorb the leaked electromagnetic wave.
As a preferable technical scheme, the waveguide height of the rectangular cavity is larger than the branch waveguide height in the traditional structure under the condition of the same characteristic impedance.
As a preferable technical scheme, the phase speed of a high-order mode (TE 30 mode) is lower than that of a TE10 mode, under a certain condition, the two modes can be counteracted in an opposite phase in the transmission process, and the TE30 mode can inhibit the transmission of a waveguide main mode (TE 10 mode).
(III) beneficial effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the power divider is designed by adopting the multiport branched waveguide directional coupler, so that the isolation between two output ports is more than 30dB, and the ultra-wideband characteristic can be realized.
2. Because the invention adopts 16 rectangular cavities to replace the traditional waveguide branches, and the waveguide width of each rectangular cavity is larger than that of the main waveguide and the auxiliary waveguide, the waveguide height of the rectangular cavity can be further improved as known in theory, and the processing difficulty and the cost are reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional T-junction power divider;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional six-port waveguide branch directional coupler;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a two-way power divider according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view and side view of a two-way power divider of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of parameters of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a novel full-band high-isolation waveguide two-way power divider, which is combined with a drawing, and comprises two-way power dividers, wherein the two-way power dividers are composed of 3 straight waveguides and 16 rectangular cavities, each straight waveguide comprises a main waveguide positioned at the center, and auxiliary waveguides positioned at two sides of the main waveguide, the main waveguide and the two auxiliary waveguides are respectively connected through 8 rectangular cavities, the waveguide width of each rectangular cavity is equal to and greater than that of the main waveguide, each two-way power divider comprises 6 ports, namely 1 input port, 2 output ports and 3 isolation ports.
Furthermore, the two paths of power splitters are manufactured in a computer digital control machining mode, the diameter of the milling cutter is determined by the height of the waveguide of the rectangular cavity, the milling cutter with the larger diameter is adopted for machining the larger waveguide height, and the machining difficulty and the cost are relatively lower.
Furthermore, the waveguide width of the rectangular cavity is larger than that of the standard waveguide, a high-order mode (TE 30 mode) is excited in the rectangular cavity, and the two-path power divider is centrally symmetrical.
Furthermore, the widths and heights of the main waveguide and the auxiliary waveguide are standard waveguide sizes.
Further, each isolated port requires the addition of a wave absorbing material or matching load to absorb the leaking electromagnetic wave.
Further, the waveguide height of the rectangular cavity is larger than the branch waveguide height in the conventional structure under the same characteristic impedance condition.
Further, the phase velocity of the high-order mode (TE 30 mode) is lower than that of the TE10 mode, under certain conditions, the two modes can be counteracted in an opposite phase during transmission, and the TE30 mode can inhibit transmission of the waveguide main mode (TE 10 mode).
In the following, W frequency band (75 GHz-110 GHz) is taken as an example, WR-10 standard waveguide (axb=2.54 mm×1.27 mm) is adopted, 92.5GHz is adopted as the center frequency, and the S parameter of the power divider of the present invention is simulated and analyzed to describe the excellent characteristics of the power divider of the present invention.
First, the structural parameters of the power divider of the present invention are shown in fig. 5:
the simulation result of the power divider (a) S21 (b) is that the return loss of the input port (c) is that the isolation degree (d) between the two output ports (2 and 3 ports) is that the phase unbalance degree (e) of the two output ports is that S21 simulation curves with different L values (f) are that S21 simulation curves with different H values;
as shown in FIG. 5, from simulation results, it can be seen that in the range of 75-110GHz, S21 between output ports of the power divider is near 3dB, return loss of an input port is greater than 20dB, isolation is better than 30dB, and in addition, the phase unevenness is 0, so that various indexes in the full W wave band range can be met, and the waveguide height of the rectangular cavity is increased, so that processing difficulty and cost are further reduced. It can also be seen from fig. 5 (e) and (f) that outside the W-band (frequencies greater than 110 GHz), the S21 curve deteriorates rapidly, since the higher order modes (TE 30 modes) present in the rectangular cavity suppress the transmission of the waveguide transmission main mode (TE 10 mode).
Finally, the structural parameters of the power divider of the invention are given (as shown in the following table).
| Parameters (mm) | A | B | H | L | b 0 | b 1 | t | w | d |
| The power divider of the invention | 2.54 | 1.27 | 4.04 | 2.01 | 0.39 | 0.51 | 0.63 | 1.05 | 0.29 |
The above examples are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention, and the technical content claimed by the present invention is fully described in the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a novel two way power divider of full frequency band high isolation waveguide which characterized in that: the two-way power divider comprises 3 straight waveguides and 16 rectangular cavities, the straight waveguides comprise a main waveguide positioned at the center and auxiliary waveguides positioned at two sides of the main waveguide, the main waveguide and the two auxiliary waveguides are respectively connected through 8 rectangular cavities, the waveguide widths of the rectangular cavities are equal to each other and are larger than those of the main waveguide, the two-way power divider comprises 6 ports which are respectively 1 input port, 2 output ports and 3 isolation ports, the waveguide widths of the rectangular cavities are larger than those of standard waveguides, a higher-order mode is excited in the rectangular cavities, the TE30 mode is adopted, and the structures of the two-way power divider are centrosymmetric.
2. The novel full-band high-isolation waveguide two-way power divider as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the two paths of power splitters are manufactured in a computer digital control machining mode, the diameter of the milling cutter is determined by the height of the waveguide of the rectangular cavity, the milling cutter with the larger diameter is adopted for machining the larger waveguide height, and the machining difficulty and the cost are relatively lower.
3. The novel full-band high-isolation waveguide two-way power divider as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the widths and the heights of the main waveguide and the auxiliary waveguide are standard waveguide sizes.
4. The novel full-band high-isolation waveguide two-way power divider as set forth in claim 1, wherein: each of the isolated ports requires the addition of a wave absorbing material or matching load to absorb the leaking electromagnetic wave.
5. The novel full-band high-isolation waveguide two-way power divider as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the waveguide height of the rectangular cavity is larger than the branch waveguide height in the conventional structure under the condition of the same characteristic impedance.
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| CN202210674398.1A CN115173015B (en) | 2022-06-15 | 2022-06-15 | Novel full-band high-isolation waveguide two-path power divider |
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