Synchronous motor parameter revision identification method based on generator asynchronous self-excitation test and unit shafting torsional vibration transient test
Technical Field
The invention discloses a synchronous motor parameter revision identification method based on a generator asynchronous operation test and a unit shafting torsional vibration transient test, and belongs to the technical field of synchronous generator electrical parameter actual measurement.
Background
The technical measures for ensuring the stable operation of the power system are established on the basis of carrying out accurate simulation calculation analysis on the power system. The synchronous generator is composed of a plurality of windings having an electromagnetic coupling relationship as the most important and complicated element in the power system, and the dynamic characteristics are very complicated. The accuracy of parameters of transient state and transient state process of the synchronous generator is reflected, and is a precondition for the work of power grid fault calculation, synchronous generator voltage fluctuation calculation, impulse voltage calculation, excitation system design and the like, so that how to establish and obtain more accurate generator electrical parameters is always an important research subject for power grid safety production.
In the current practical engineering project, factory design parameters or generator electrical parameters obtained through measurement and identification by a time domain test method, a load rejection method and the like are usually adopted, the parameters can meet engineering reliability requirements when conventional steady-state and transient problems of a power system are researched, but larger errors exist when the subsynchronous resonance/oscillation problems of a synchronous generator set are researched, especially, a conclusion completely opposite to the practical engineering practice is usually obtained when asynchronous self-excitation problems are researched, and the method is a serious challenge for the power system with frequent current subsynchronous oscillation problems and more complex future. Therefore, in recent years, an electrical parameter determination method based on asynchronous rotation frequency response test of the synchronous generator is proposed. Although the method can accurately describe the external characteristics of the synchronous generator at different frequencies, the identification process is complex, and sufficient accuracy can not be ensured when the problems of computer network complex resonance and asynchronous self-excitation occur.
When the subsynchronous resonance/oscillation risk assessment and the treatment measure research are carried out, particularly when a blocking filter system is designed, if the electrical parameters of a synchronous generator are not accurate enough, the subsynchronous resonance/oscillation risk assessment conclusion is unreliable, the treatment measure fails, even the asynchronous self-excitation problem possibly caused after the blocking filter is put into operation is not found in the expected research in advance, the failure of the design of the blocking filter system is possibly caused, the device cannot be put into operation, the on-time production of a power plant unit is influenced, and huge economic loss is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for measuring and identifying the electrical parameters of the synchronous generator, which is reliable enough when the conventional steady-state and transient problems of a power system are calculated and can obtain a reliable conclusion when the computer network complex resonance and asynchronous self-excitation problems occur. The method is based on generator manufacturer design or type test parameters, and utilizes a generator asynchronous self-excitation test and a unit shafting torsional vibration transient test to obtain revised measurement data for identifying the synchronous motor parameters.
The invention adopts the following scheme:
a synchronous motor parameter revision identification method based on a generator asynchronous self-excitation test and a unit shafting torsional vibration transient test comprises the following steps:
step 1: obtaining test data of a unit shafting torsional vibration transient test, wherein the test data at least comprises a rotation speed difference of a generator unit head (or tail);
step 2: obtaining test data of the asynchronous running state of the synchronous generator under asynchronous self-excitation modal frequency, wherein the test data at least comprises generator terminal stator voltage, stator current and excitation winding current;
and step 3: acquiring simulation data of a set shafting torsional vibration transient test, wherein the simulation data at least comprises a rotation speed difference of a generator set head (or tail);
and 4, step 4: obtaining more accurate generator electrical parameters of computer network composite resonance, wherein the generator electrical parameters are R which has larger error and is sensitive to subsynchronous resonance/oscillation research conclusion by adjusting Q-axis operation parameters on the basis of factory design parameters or type test parameters 1q 、X 1q 、R 2q 、X 2q Waiting parameters until the rotating speed difference simulation value of the generator set under each torsional vibration modal frequency basically coincides with the damping characteristic of the test recorded wave value, and identifying to obtain more accurate generator electrical parameters of computer network composite resonance;
and 5: obtaining simulation data of a generator asynchronous self-excitation test, wherein the simulation data at least comprises generator end stator current;
and 6: obtaining electrical parameters of a synchronous generator with accurate computer network composite resonance and asynchronous self-excitation, wherein the electrical parameters of the generator are R sensitive to subsynchronous resonance/oscillation research conclusion and large error in D-axis operation parameters of the generator by adjusting the electrical parameters of the generator with accurate computer network composite resonance 1d 、X 1d And (3) appropriately fine-tuning the Q-axis operation parameters according to the parameters until the rotating speed difference simulation value of the generator set under each torsional vibration modal frequency is basically consistent with the damping characteristic of the test recorded wave value, and the generator stator current simulation value under each asynchronous self-excitation modal frequency is basically consistent with the divergence or attenuation rate of the test recorded wave value, and then outputting the electrical parameters of the synchronous generator.
The transient test of the torsional vibration of the shafting of the generator set can obtain the test data of the rotating speed difference of the head (or tail) of the generator set in a non-synchronous (such as 5-degree angle pseudo-synchronous) grid connection mode of the generator set. The synchronous device capable of setting the grid-connection angle is adopted to realize the pseudo synchronous grid connection of the 5-degree angle of the generator set, the rotating speed signal of the head (or tail) of the generator set is obtained by a probe, and a specific torsional vibration wave recording device is used for recording the rotating speed signal.
The invention can obtain the test data of the asynchronous running state of the synchronous generator under the asynchronous self-excitation modal frequency by a mode of carrying out the asynchronous self-excitation test of the generator. The method comprises the following steps that a single-machine parallel capacitor connection mode is adopted, an excitation system is withdrawn, an excitation winding loop is in short circuit through a cable, a capacitor and a resistor serial branch circuit are connected to a generator stator ground loop, metal oxide arresters (MOV) with certain capacity are connected to two ends of the capacitor in parallel, a rotor drags and keeps certain rotating speed, the generator generates asynchronous self-excitation, and the generator is in an asynchronous operation mode at the moment; the terminal voltage is measured by a three-phase voltage transformer (PT), the terminal current is measured by a three-phase Current Transformer (CT), and the exciting winding current is measured by a transmitter.
The invention is based on the asynchronous self-excitation test of the generator and the torsional vibration transient state of the shafting of the machine setIn the method for revising and identifying the parameters of the tested synchronous motor, the electrical parameters of the generator with more accurate computer network composite resonance are obtained, and the key point is the method for adjusting the Q-axis parameters of the generator: operating parameter R for generator Q axis 1q 、X 1q 、R 2q 、X 2q Properly adjusting the direction to ensure that the converted standard parameter T' qo 、T″ qo The values are all reduced by a large margin.
The invention relates to a method for revising and identifying parameters of a synchronous motor based on a generator asynchronous self-excitation test and a unit shafting torsional vibration transient test, which obtains electrical parameters of the synchronous generator with more accurate computer network composite resonance and asynchronous self-excitation and is characterized in that the method for adjusting D-axis operation parameters of the generator comprises the following steps: increase R properly 1d Decrease X 1d Wherein R is fd And X fd Kept unchanged so that the converted standard parameter T ″, is do A larger reduction in amplitude.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: as the basis of the detailed evaluation of the subsynchronous resonance problem, the unit shafting parameter test already comprises a unit shafting torsional vibration transient test, test wave recording data can be obtained without repeated tests, and only test conditions are recorded as the basis of simulation modeling; the risk assessment of the subsynchronous resonance problem completes simulation modeling on a system to be researched, and simulation data can be output without excessive workload; therefore, in actual engineering, the method is used for identifying the parameters of the synchronous motor, and only the asynchronous self-excitation test of the generator is needed, the test only relates to the generator and does not relate to a power plant access system, and the test is convenient to implement; the electrical parameters of the synchronous generator identified by the method have enough accuracy in the problems of computer network complex resonance and asynchronous self-excitation, and are particularly suitable for projects adopting a blocking filter scheme to inhibit sub-synchronous resonance. The method has been successfully applied to the system design of the five-stage engineering blocking filter of the Tokto power plant.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a test wiring for obtaining stator current at the generator end in an asynchronous operation state through an asynchronous self-excitation test of a synchronous generator in the invention.
Fig. 2 is a test wiring for obtaining a rotating speed signal of a generator set through a synchronous generator set shafting torsional vibration transient test (asynchronous grid-connected test) in the invention.
FIG. 3 is a structure of a second-order classical equivalent circuit model of the generator.
FIG. 4 is a comparison curve of simulated values and experimental values of unit speed difference under factory design parameters.
FIG. 5 is a comparison curve of simulated values and experimental values of unit rotational speed difference under the parameters identified by the method.
FIG. 6 is a comparison of simulated values and experimental values of generator-side stator current under factory design parameters.
FIG. 7 is a comparison curve of simulated values and experimental values of generator-side stator current under the parameters identified by the method.
FIG. 8 is a diagram comparing the power angle curve of the generator under the parameters identified by the method and the design parameters of the manufacturer.
Detailed Description
A method for revising and identifying synchronous motor parameters based on a generator asynchronous self-excitation test and a unit shafting torsional vibration transient test is a method for revising and determining the synchronous motor parameters by simultaneously comparing field test results and simulation test results of the synchronous motor asynchronous self-excitation test and the unit shafting torsional vibration transient test.
Specifically, on the basis of synchronous motor manufacturer design or type test parameters, a part of reliable D, Q shaft parameters are kept unchanged, a part of D, Q shaft parameters which have larger potential errors and are sensitive to subsynchronous resonance/oscillation are adjusted, the two simulation tests under the same condition as a field test are carried out by adopting the adjusted parameters through an electromagnetic transient simulation program, the results of the simulation asynchronous self-excitation test and the simulation unit shafting torsional oscillation transient test are compared with the results of the field test, and after multiple iterations, the parameters used in the simulation tests are considered as revised and identified synchronous motor parameters until the oscillation characteristics of each mode of shafting torsional oscillation and the excitation characteristics of asynchronous self-excitation are basically identical to the field test results under the same condition.
Some of the axis parameters with large potential errors and sensitive to subsynchronous resonance/oscillation include Q-axis parameter R 1q 、X 1q 、R 2q 、X 2q And D-axis parameter R 1d 、X 1d 。
The oscillation characteristics of each mode of torsional vibration of the shaft system mainly concern the damping rate or damping characteristic of the torsional vibration; the oscillation characteristics of each mode of torsional vibration of the shafting are observed by measuring the rotating speed deviation of the machine head or the machine tail.
The excitation characteristic of asynchronous self-excitation mainly focuses on the divergence or attenuation rate of the asynchronous self-excitation of the synchronous motor; the excitation characteristic of the asynchronous self-excitation is observed through each characteristic frequency component in the terminal current of the synchronous motor.
The transient test of the torsional vibration of the shafting of the unit adopts a non-synchronous grid-connected transient test, the running state of the system before the test is recorded as a boundary condition of simulation calculation, and the rotating speed (or rotating speed deviation) recording of the head (or tail) of the unit is recorded as a test result.
The asynchronous self-excitation test of the generator adopts a single machine-parallel capacitor connection mode, an excitation system is withdrawn, an excitation winding loop is short-circuited, a capacitor and a resistor series branch circuit are connected to a generator stator ground loop, metal oxide arresters (MOV) with certain capacity are connected to two ends of the capacitor in parallel, a rotor drags and keeps certain rotating speed, the generator generates asynchronous self-excitation, and the generator is in an asynchronous operation mode at the moment; the voltage at the generator end is measured by a three-phase voltage transformer (PT), the current at the generator end is measured by a three-phase Current Transformer (CT), and the current of the excitation winding is measured by a transmitter.
Acquiring a simulation result of a torsional vibration transient state of a shafting of the generator set, establishing a non-synchronous grid-connected test simulation model of the generator set by adopting electromagnetic transient simulation software, wherein electric parameters of the generator adopt various intermediate and final parameters obtained in a parameter identification process, and parameters of the shafting of the generator adopt actual measurement shafting parameters; and simulating and outputting the rotating speed difference of the head (or tail) of the generator.
Obtaining a simulation result of an asynchronous self-excitation test of the synchronous generator, establishing a simulation model of the asynchronous self-excitation test of the generator by adopting electromagnetic transient simulation software, and adopting various intermediate and final parameters obtained in a parameter identification process for electrical parameters of the generator; and (5) simulating and outputting the stator current at the generator end.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, for the asynchronous self-excitation test of the synchronous generator, a single-machine-parallel capacitor connection mode is adopted, the excitation system exits, the excitation winding loop is short-circuited through a cable, a capacitor and a resistor series branch are connected to the generator stator ground loop, and both ends of the capacitor are connected in parallel with an MOV with a certain capacity; the rotor of the synchronous generator is dragged to a specified rotating speed by a dragging device, then the rotor of the synchronous generator is combined into a three-phase circuit breaker phase by phase, a capacitor and a resistor on the right side of the synchronous generator are connected with the synchronous generator to be tested, and the synchronous generator enters a stable asynchronous running state after a transient process. And when the third-phase circuit breaker is closed, starting the transient recording acquisition device, and starting to record the stator voltage, the stator current and the exciting winding current at the machine end. And after data of a certain time period are collected, the three-phase circuit breaker is disconnected. And completing the acquisition of the test data of the asynchronous running state of the synchronous generator under the primary asynchronous self-excitation frequency.
In the asynchronous self-excitation test of the synchronous generator, a dragging device for dragging a rotor of the synchronous generator is a turbine of a unit if the dragging device is on the site of a thermal power plant, and is a high-power motor if the dragging device is tested in a motor equipment manufacturer; the test measurement equipment for the voltage, the current and the exciting winding current of the stator of the generator is a high-precision power system transient recorder, the sampling rate of the instrument is at least ensured to be more than 2k, and the whole-process wave recording record including the transient process and the steady-state operation is carried out on the related electric quantity in the transient process and the steady-state process of the asynchronous self-excitation test of the synchronous generator.
As shown in fig. 2, for a shafting torsional vibration transient test of a synchronous generator set, a synchronization device capable of setting a grid-connection angle is adopted to realize the pseudo synchronization of the 5-degree angle of the generator set, a rotating speed signal of a machine head (or a machine tail) of the generator set is acquired by a probe, and a specific torsional vibration wave recording device is used for recording the rotating speed signal. The torsional vibration wave recording device can ensure enough measurement accuracy, and needs to record the whole-course wave recording of the rotating speed signals in the transient and steady processes of the asynchronous grid-connection test of the synchronous generator set, including the transient process and the steady-state operation, and at least 30s of data is recorded from the grid-connection time. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the safe performance of the test, the transient recorder is used for monitoring the electric quantities such as the leading closing pulse, the generator voltage, the system voltage and the like of the automatic quasi-synchronization device.
As shown in FIG. 3, a second-order classical equivalent circuit model is adopted by the synchronous generator model, and the correspondingly adjusted Q-axis and D-axis electrical parameters of the generator are operation parameters of the model, specifically including X l 、X ad 、X 1d 、R 1d 、X fd 、R fd 、X aq 、X 1q 、R 1q 、X 2q 、R 2q (ii) a The standard parameters of the generator are input into electromagnetic transient simulation software for simulation calculation, and the standard parameters specifically comprise: x d 、X′ d 、X″ d 、T′ do 、T″ do 、X q 、X′ q 、X″ q 、T′ qo 、T″ qo (ii) a The conversion relation between the operation parameter and the standard parameter is as follows:
X d =X l +X ad
X′ d =X d (T 4 +T 5 )/(T 1 +T 2 )
X″ d =X d (T 4 T 6 )/(T 1 T 3 )
T′ do =T 1 +T 2
T″ do =T 3 [T 1 /(T 1 +T 2 )]
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the above is a conversion formula of D-axis operation parameters and standard parameters, a similar expression can be used for the Q-axis, all the above parameters are per unit values, and the per unit value of the time constant is divided by omega 0 And =2 pi f, the time constant expressed as s is obtained.
In the formula, X l 、X ad 、X 1d 、R 1d 、X fd 、R fd 、X aq 、X 1q 、R 1q 、X 2q 、R 2q Corresponding to the corresponding direct-axis and quadrature-axis reactances or resistances in the second-order classical equivalent circuit model of the synchronous generator in fig. 3. Wherein X l For stator leakage reactance, X ad 、X aq X for direct-axis and quadrature-axis armature reactive reactance, direct-axis damping winding 1d 、R 1d Showing, for the field winding, X fd 、R fd Showing that two quadrature damping windings are respectively X 1q 、R 1q And X 2q 、R 2q And (4) showing.
In the formula, X d 、X q Is direct-axis and quadrature-axis synchronous reactance, X' d 、X′ q Is the transient reactance of the direct axis and the quadrature axis, X ″) d 、X″ q Is a direct-axis and quadrature-axis sub-transient reactance, T' do 、T′ qo Is the transient open-circuit time constant of the direct axis and the quadrature axis, T ″) do 、T″ qo The open-circuit time constant is a direct-axis and quadrature-axis transient state.