CN115162360A - Construction method of independent cup foundation open caisson support - Google Patents
Construction method of independent cup foundation open caisson support Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
- E02D19/10—Restraining of underground water by lowering level of ground water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of an independent cup foundation open caisson support, and particularly relates to the technical field of foundation open caisson support construction, wherein the construction method of the independent cup foundation open caisson support comprises the following steps: step one, during manufacturing of the open caisson, measuring, positioning and leveling an excavated open caisson foundation pit, completing the work of a sand cushion layer at the bottom of the open caisson, then placing a supporting mold of the open caisson, and binding reinforcing steel bars inside the supporting mold. The invention adopts the support mould of the open caisson to place, skive the soil layer to the bottom direction of the open caisson layer by layer comprehensively, symmetrically and evenly, in the process of the open caisson sinking, the observation scale is arranged outside the well wall, the height difference and the center displacement measurement should be carried out after the open caisson sinks stably every time, the reinforced concrete open caisson can be used as the foundation pit support in the construction process of the open caisson base open caisson support, the foundation formwork is replaced, the open drainage is adopted in the well, the invention has the advantages of simple operation, high construction speed and being beneficial to the rapid construction operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation open caisson support construction, in particular to a construction method of an independent cup foundation open caisson support.
Background
At present of the rapid development of industrial buildings, the area of a factory building is larger and larger, deeper steel structure cup-shaped foundations, equipment foundations and large-scale water pools appear, when the soil quality of a construction site is complex, the underground water level is higher, precipitation is limited by conditions or large-area precipitation by adopting precipitation methods such as a pipe well and the like, and a reinforced concrete open caisson is used as a foundation pit support to play a role in protection construction operation.
Patent application publication No. CN112878336B discloses a foundation pit supporting device and a foundation pit supporting method, and belongs to the technical field of building foundation pits. The pile retaining structure comprises supporting piles arranged in a continuous and parallel mode and reinforcing members arranged between two adjacent supporting piles, wherein each reinforcing member comprises at least one blocking plate, and two ends of each blocking plate are connected with the two adjacent supporting piles respectively; the barrier plate comprises a butt plate abutted against the side wall of the foundation pit, a waterproof plate arranged in parallel with the butt plate and a support plate arranged between the butt plate and the waterproof plate, and two end faces of the support plate are respectively connected with the butt plate and the waterproof plate; the waterproof board is pasted with a film, and the supporting plate is a honeycomb plate. After the support piles are arranged, the reinforcing member is arranged between the two adjacent support piles, the foundation pit side wall between the two adjacent support piles is covered by the reinforcing member, and therefore soil on the foundation pit side wall in the region is not prone to sliding down into the foundation pit.
However, in the construction process of the above structure, there are the following problems: on the ground or in the pit, make open-ended reinforced concrete well room earlier, can't continue to dig in the well and make the soil body reduce gradually, the well room of open caisson can not rely on the dead weight to overcome its and the earth wall between frictional resistance, can not replace basic template during consequently the back cover, outside water easily gets into in the well, and it is comparatively inconvenient to operate, is unfavorable for carrying on the construction fast.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical scheme of the invention is to solve the technical problem that the prior art is too single, provide a solution which is obviously different from the prior art in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provide a construction method for an independent cup-based open caisson support, so as to solve the problems that a well chamber of the open caisson proposed in the background art cannot overcome the frictional resistance between the well chamber and a soil wall by means of dead weight, so that a basic template cannot be replaced when the bottom is sealed, water outside the well easily enters the well, the operation is inconvenient, and the construction is not convenient to carry out quickly.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a construction method of an independent cup foundation open caisson support comprises the following steps:
firstly, during manufacturing of a sunk well, measuring, positioning and leveling an excavated sunk well foundation pit, completing sand cushion work at the bottom of the sunk well, then placing a supporting mould of the sunk well, binding reinforcing steel bars inside the supporting mould, using a measuring ruler to measure and gauge the cross section sizes of four walls of the sunk well, then using a mixer truck to input concrete into the supporting mould, fully contacting the concrete with the reinforcing steel bars inside the supporting mould, using a concrete leveling machine to level and compact the concrete, curing once with water every 2 hours, and dismantling the supporting mould after waiting for three days to obtain the sunk well;
step two, when the open caisson sinks, the open caisson is ready to sink when the concrete strength of the open caisson reaches 70%, soil in the open caisson is gradually dug from the middle of the open caisson to the periphery, the thickness of each layer of soil is 0.4-0.5 m, a soil dike of 0.5-1.5 m is reserved along the periphery of the well wall, then soil layers are comprehensively, symmetrically and uniformly thinned layer by layer along each 2-3 m section of the well wall of the open caisson to the bottom direction of the open caisson, each time, the soil layers are cut by 5-10 cm, and when the soil layers are not extruded by the well wall to break, the open caisson extrudes soil under the action of self weight to sink;
step three, during observation of sinking, arranging an observation scale outside the well wall in the sinking process of the open caisson, arranging a specially-assigned person to carry out measurement observation, wherein the settlement observation is carried out at least 2 times every 8 hours, the elevation and the displacement at the bottom of the open caisson are observed at least 1 time every shift, when the open caisson sinks stably every time, measuring the height difference and the central displacement, recording the observed data faithfully and filling in according to a certain table, and when the open caisson sinks, if abnormal conditions are found, analyzing and researching in time, and taking effective countermeasure measures: if the frictional resistance is too large, resistance reduction measures are adopted to enable the open caisson to sink continuously, and the dead time is prevented from being too long; if sudden sinking or excessive sinking occurs, stopping digging or stopping sinking such as reserving more soil around the well wall;
step four, when the open caisson is lowered, pumping water in the open caisson according to the actual situation on site in the sinking process, ensuring that the water level in the open caisson is about 1 meter higher than that outside the open caisson, preventing mud outside the open caisson from flowing into the open caisson, and placing a pump pit in the open caisson after the open caisson is lowered to the design position;
step five, settling the open caisson to the height of the designed substrate which is 0.5-1 m below, and carrying out bottom sealing treatment on the open caisson: laying two layers of color stripe cloth at the bottom; controlling the bottom of a foundation pit in the open caisson in place, then paving rubbles from the middle of the bottom of the foundation pit, paving all around (all the rubbles around can be plugged at the bottom of the well wall of the open caisson by 800mm, and paving 1000mm thick rubbles at the bottom of the open caisson), paving 500mm thick rubbles in an upper well ring at the bottom of the open caisson, pouring the rubbles onto color strip cloth in the foundation pit by an excavator, manually inserting and firmly paving the rubbles, then paving two layers of color strip cloth, paving 10-30 mm thick rubbles, reversely conveying the rubbles onto the color strip cloth by the excavator, manually flattening, paving two layers of color strip cloth, finally pouring a 100mm thick C15 concrete cushion layer, after pouring of the cushion layer is finished, arranging a pump (500 x 400 x 700 steel reinforcement cages are made of deformed steel bars phi 16, and the bottom and the side surfaces are wrapped by three-layer dense meshes), and then carrying out construction of a cup-shaped foundation after the open caisson after being treated by the foundation pit is stable and not less than one circle.
Preferably, the supporting mold comprises an inner mold support plate, an outer mold support plate for limiting and pouring the outer wall of the open caisson is arranged outside the inner mold support plate, and a multi-point supporting assembly is arranged inside the inner mold support plate;
the multi-point supporting assembly comprises a lantern ring extrusion frame plate arranged inside an inner mould supporting plate, the outer wall of the lantern ring extrusion frame plate is provided with a plurality of concave extrusion blocks, the inner wall of the lantern ring extrusion frame plate is in threaded connection with a transmission screw rod, a hinge lantern ring block and a supporting shaft are arranged inside each concave extrusion block, the supporting shaft is inserted into the inside of the hinge lantern ring block in a penetrating manner, one end of the supporting shaft is fixedly connected with the concave extrusion block, the inner wall of the hinge lantern ring block is close to the bottom end position of the hinge lantern ring block, and a cross section is fixed at one end of the extrusion shaft and is set to be a concave extrusion concave plate.
Preferably, the hinge collar block is movably connected with the extrusion shaft and the support shaft through bearings, the outer walls of the support shaft and the extrusion shaft are polished, one side of the extrusion concave plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner die support plate, and the inner die support plate and the outer die support plate are made of stainless steel.
Preferably, a plurality of inclined herringbone supports for supporting the outer mold support plate are mounted on the outer portion of the outer mold support plate, two fixing hole sites with cross sections set to be circular are embedded into the bottom end of each inclined herringbone support, first lifting hooks are arranged at positions, close to four corners, of the top end of the inner mold support plate, second lifting hooks are arranged at positions, close to four corners, of the top end of the outer mold support plate, inner walls of the second lifting hooks and inner walls of the first lifting hooks are polished, rotating caps are welded at the top ends of the transmission screws, and the rotating caps are made of stainless steel.
Preferably, drive screw's bottom is equipped with spacing roll subassembly, spacing roll subassembly is including setting up the middle part ball in the drive screw bottom, and internally mounted at middle part ball has the first spacing collar that is used for playing spacing effect to middle part ball, the outside of first spacing collar is that ring equidistance distributes and has a plurality of second spacing collar, all is equipped with swing joint's marginal ball inside every second spacing collar, drive screw's outer wall just is close to drive screw bottom position department and is equipped with a plurality of side balls, has side spacing ring at the internally connected of side ball, one side of side spacing ring is fixed with the guide ring, is equipped with a plurality of stoppers at the outer wall of guide ring, one side of stopper is equipped with the concrete piece, and is a plurality of side ball is ring equidistance and distributes the setting, and swing joint between side ball and the side spacing ring, the stopper is pegged graft with concrete piece activity along vertical direction, welded fastening between stopper and the guide ring.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
1. the invention adopts the support mould of the open caisson to place, and bind the steel bar in the support mould and support the mould and demolish and can get the open caisson, wait for the open caisson concrete intensity to reach% and begin to sink, dig earth in the open caisson from the middle of the open caisson to around gradually, to the open caisson bottom direction comprehensive, symmetrical, cut the soil horizon evenly layer by layer, in the course of the open caisson sinking, at the well wall peripheral observation scale, should carry on the difference in height and central displacement measurement after the open caisson sinks to stabilize each time, can use the open caisson concrete open caisson as the foundation pit to support in the course of constructing of the open caisson support of the vertical cup base, substitute the basic template at the same time, adopt the open drainage in the well, easy to operate, the construction is fast, help to carry on the construction operation fast;
2. according to the invention, a multi-point position supporting assembly is adopted, a driving screw drives a lantern ring extrusion frame plate to move downwards under the action of threads, the lantern ring extrusion frame plate drives a plurality of concave extrusion blocks to form linkage operation downwards, a supporting shaft drives a hinged lantern ring block to move downwards, an extrusion shaft drives an extrusion concave plate to extrude the inner wall part of an inner mold supporting plate, and reinforcing steel bars are woven in a space formed between the inner mold supporting plate and an outer mold supporting plate, so that when the inner wall of the inner mold supporting plate is reinforced in this year, rotation of one point position can be carried out, multi-point position locking operation can be achieved, the molding efficiency of a supporting mold can be rapidly improved, and the effect of efficient construction can be achieved;
3. the limiting rolling assembly is adopted to enable the transmission screw to drive the middle ball to roll in the first limiting shaft collar, the transmission screw is in contact with the edge balls, the transmission screw drives the side balls to roll in the side limiting ring, the limiting block is inserted into the concrete block, the concrete block can perform rotation limiting operation on the limiting block, the bottom of the transmission screw is guaranteed to roll and rotate when the transmission screw rotates, the friction force is smaller, the friction force at the edge part is smaller, the transmission screw is guaranteed to be stably driven when being driven, and deviation cannot be generated in the rotating process;
in conclusion, through the mutual influence of the multiple actions, the reinforced concrete open caisson can be used as a foundation pit support in the construction process of the vertical cup foundation open caisson support, a foundation formwork is replaced, open drainage is adopted in the open caisson, the operation is simple, the construction speed is high, the multi-point locking operation can be achieved by rotating one point position, the molding efficiency of the support mold can be rapidly improved, the efficient construction effect is achieved, the transmission screw is guaranteed to be stably driven during driving, deviation cannot be generated in the rotating process, and therefore the high efficiency and the high stability in the construction process of the vertical cup foundation open caisson support can be effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the supporting mold of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic bottom view of the supporting mold of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the vertical section structure of the supporting mold of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 3 according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a cutting structure of the collar pressing frame plate of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the vertical cross-sectional configuration of the drive screw of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the open caisson sinking measurement control profile of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the construction structure of the independent cup foundation open caisson support of the present invention.
The reference signs are: 1. an inner mold support plate; 2. an outer mold support plate; 3. the lantern ring extrudes the frame plate; 4. a drive screw; 5. a concave extrusion block; 6. a support shaft; 7. hinging a collar block; 8. extruding the shaft; 9. extruding the concave plate; 10. an inclined herringbone bracket; 11. fixing hole positions; 12. a first shackle; 13. a second shackle; 14. rotating the cap; 15. a middle ball; 16. a first stop collar; 17. edge balls; 18. a second stop collar; 19. side balls; 20. a lateral limiting ring; 21. a guide ring; 22. a limiting block; 23. a concrete block.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The construction method of the independent cup-based open caisson support shown in the attached figures 1-8 comprises the following steps:
firstly, when a sunk well is manufactured, measuring, positioning and leveling an excavated sunk well foundation pit, finishing the work of a sand cushion layer at the bottom of the sunk well, then placing a supporting mold of the sunk well, binding reinforcing steel bars inside the supporting mold, using a measuring scale to measure and mark the cross section size of the four walls of the sunk well, then using a mixer truck to input concrete into the supporting mold, fully contacting the concrete with the reinforcing steel bars inside the supporting mold, using a concrete leveling machine to level and compact the concrete, curing once every 2 hours with water, and dismantling the supporting mold after waiting three days to obtain the sunk well;
step two, when the open caisson sinks, the open caisson is ready to sink when the concrete strength of the open caisson reaches 70%, soil in the open caisson is gradually excavated from the middle of the open caisson to the periphery, the thickness of each layer of soil is 0.5m, a soil dike of 1.5m is reserved along the periphery of the well wall, then the soil layers are comprehensively, symmetrically and uniformly thinned layer by layer along each section of the well wall of the open caisson towards the bottom of the open caisson every 3m, each time the soil layer is cut by 10cm, and when the soil layer is crushed and broken due to extrusion of the well wall, the open caisson extrudes soil under the action of self weight to sink;
step three, during observation of sinking, arranging an observation scale outside the well wall in the sinking process of the open caisson, arranging a specially-assigned person to carry out measurement observation, wherein the settlement observation is carried out at least 2 times every 8 hours, the elevation and the displacement at the bottom of the open caisson are observed at least 1 time every shift, when the open caisson sinks stably every time, measuring the height difference and the central displacement, recording the observed data faithfully and filling in according to a certain table, and when the open caisson sinks, if abnormal conditions are found, analyzing and researching in time, and taking effective countermeasure measures: if the frictional resistance is too large, resistance reduction measures are adopted to enable the open caisson to sink continuously, and the dead time is prevented from being too long; if sudden sinking or excessive sinking occurs, stopping digging or stopping sinking such as reserving more soil around the well wall;
step four, when the open caisson is lowered, pumping water in the open caisson according to the actual situation on site in the sinking process, ensuring that the water level in the open caisson is about 1 meter higher than that outside the open caisson, preventing mud outside the open caisson from flowing into the open caisson, and placing a pump pit in the open caisson after the open caisson is lowered to the design position;
step five, settling the open caisson to the height below the designed substrate elevation by 1m, and carrying out bottom sealing treatment on the open caisson: laying two layers of color stripe cloth at the bottom; controlling the bottom of a foundation pit in the open caisson in place, then paving rubbles from the middle of the bottom of the foundation pit, paving all around (all the rubbles around can be plugged at the bottom of the well wall of the open caisson by 800mm, and paving 1000mm thick rubbles at the bottom of the open caisson), paving 500mm thick rubbles in an upper well ring at the bottom of the open caisson, pouring the rubbles onto color strip cloth in the foundation pit by an excavator, manually inserting and firmly paving the rubbles, then paving two layers of color strip cloth, paving 300mm thick 30mm of broken stones, reversely conveying the broken stones onto the color strip cloth by the excavator, manually flattening, paving two layers of color strip cloth, finally pouring a 100mm thick C15 concrete cushion layer, after pouring the cushion layer, arranging a pump pit on the side of the cushion layer to pump water (500 x 400 x 700 steel reinforcement cages are made of deformed steel phi 16, and the bottom and the side surfaces are wrapped by three-layer mesh nets), and then constructing a cup-shaped foundation after the open caisson after being treated by the foundation is stable for not less than one circle.
The construction method of the independent cup foundation open caisson support shown in the attached drawings 1-6 is characterized in that a multi-point supporting assembly and a limiting rolling assembly are arranged in the construction method, and the construction method can achieve a good construction effect by using the limiting rolling assembly, and the specific structures of the assemblies are as follows:
in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the multi-point supporting assembly includes a lantern ring extrusion frame plate 3 disposed inside an inner mold support plate 1, the outer wall of the lantern ring extrusion frame plate 3 is provided with a plurality of concave extrusion blocks 5, the inner wall of the lantern ring extrusion frame plate 3 is in threaded connection with a transmission screw rod 4, an articulated lantern ring block 7 and a supporting shaft 6 are disposed inside each concave extrusion block 5, the supporting shaft 6 is inserted inside the articulated lantern ring block 7, one end of the supporting shaft is fixedly connected with the concave extrusion block 5, an extrusion shaft 8 is disposed on the inner wall of the articulated lantern ring block 7 and near the bottom end of the articulated lantern ring block 7, and an extrusion concave plate 9 with a concave cross-section shape is fixed on one end of the extrusion shaft 8;
when the structure is used, a hoisting vehicle is used for binding the steel wire rope inside the four second lifting shackle rings 13 for locking, namely the outer mold support plate 2 can be lifted to a molding position, the first lifting shackle ring 12 is lifted by a crane again, so that the inner mold support plate 1 is lifted to the inner position of the outer mold support plate 2, a measuring tape is used for measuring and keeping the same edge gap between the inner mold support plate 1 and the outer mold support plate 2, an embedded nail is inserted into the fixing hole 11 for knocking operation, the nail enters the fixing hole 11 for limiting and locking the inclined man-shaped support 10, then an excavator is used for screwing equipment according to a screw, the screwing position is in arc butt joint with the outer position of the rotating cap 14, the rotating cap 14 is rotated to drive the transmission screw 4 to rotate, the transmission screw 4 drives the lantern ring extrusion frame plate 3 to move downwards under the action of threads, the lantern ring extrusion frame plate 3 drives the plurality of concave extrusion blocks 5 to downwards form linkage operation, the concave extrusion blocks 5 drive the lantern ring extrusion support shaft 6 to move downwards, the bottom end of the inner mold block 7 drives the extrusion shaft 8 to move downwards, the extrusion shaft to extrude the concrete support plate 1 and pour the concrete support plate 2 into a concrete extrusion space, and the concrete support plate 2.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the hinged lantern ring block 7 is movably connected with the extruding shaft 8 and the supporting shaft 6 through bearings, and outer walls of the supporting shaft 6 and the extruding shaft 8 are polished, so that the concave extruding block 5 drives the supporting shaft 6 to move the hinged lantern ring block 7 downwards, the bottom end position of the hinged lantern ring block 7 drives the extruding shaft 8 to move transversely, angle driving is achieved, vertical movement of the hinged lantern ring block 7 to transverse extruding operation is achieved, one side of the extruding concave plate 9 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner mold supporting plate 1, the inner mold supporting plate 1 and the outer mold supporting plate 2 are made of stainless steel, so that the extruding shaft 8 drives the extruding concave plate 9 to extrude the inner wall of the inner mold supporting plate 1, extruding operation is achieved, and multi-point extruding operation is achieved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of inclined man-shaped supports 10 for supporting the outer mold support plate 2 are installed outside the outer mold support plate 2, and two fixing holes 11 with circular cross-sectional shapes are embedded in the bottom end of each inclined man-shaped support 10, so that an embedded nail is inserted into each fixing hole 11 and then knocked, so that the nail enters into each fixing hole 11 to limit and lock the inclined man-shaped support 10, the inclined man-shaped supports 10 can perform inclined supporting operation on the outer wall of the outer mold support plate 2, a first lifting hook ring 12 is arranged at the top end of the inner mold support plate 1 and near the four corners, a second lifting hook ring 13 is arranged at the top end of the outer mold support plate 2 and near the four corners, the second lifting hook ring 13 and the inner wall of the first lifting hook ring 12 are polished, so that a steel wire rope is locked inside the four second lifting hook rings 13 by a lifting vehicle, the outer mold support plate 2 can be lifted to the mold support plate 2, the inner mold support plate 1 is lifted by the lifting vehicle, a transmission screw 4 is fastened, and a transmission screw cap is driven by a rotary screw 14 to rotate, and a stainless steel material is driven by a rotary screw.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, a limiting rolling assembly is disposed at the bottom end of the driving screw 4, the limiting rolling assembly includes a middle ball 15 disposed at the bottom end of the driving screw 4, a first limiting collar 16 for limiting the middle ball 15 is disposed inside the middle ball 15, a plurality of second limiting collars 18 are equidistantly distributed around the first limiting collar 16 in a circular ring shape, an edge ball 17 movably connected inside each second limiting collar 18 is disposed, a plurality of side balls 19 are disposed on the outer wall of the driving screw 4 and near the bottom end of the driving screw 4, a side limiting ring 20 is connected inside the side ball 19, a guide ring 21 is fixed on one side of the side limiting ring 20, a plurality of limiting blocks 22 are disposed on the outer wall of the guide ring 21, a concrete block 23 is disposed on one side of the limiting blocks 22, a plurality of side balls 19 are equidistantly distributed in a circular ring shape, the side balls 19 are movably connected with the side limiting ring 20, the limiting blocks 22 are movably inserted into the concrete block 23 in a vertical direction, and the limiting blocks 22 are welded to the guide ring 21;
when using according to above-mentioned structure, can place behind the concrete piece 23 prefabrication earlier and pour fixedly in pit inside, when drive screw 4 is rotatory, drive screw 4 can drive middle part ball 15 and roll in first spacing collar 16 inside, drive screw 4 contacts with a plurality of marginal ball 17 simultaneously, marginal ball 17 rolls in 18 inner wall position departments of second spacing collar, drive screw 4 drives side ball 19 and rolls in the inside of side spacing collar 20 simultaneously, stopper 22 inserts inside concrete piece 23, concrete piece 23 can play rotatory spacing operation to stopper 22, stopper 22 plays spacingly to guide ring 21, guarantee like this that drive screw 4 is when rotatory, the bottom rolls rotatoryly, frictional force is littleer.
The points to be finally explained are: first, in the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connecting," and "connecting" should be understood broadly, and may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or a communication between two elements, and may be directly connected, and "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationships may be changed;
secondly, the method comprises the following steps: in the drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the invention, only the structures related to the disclosed embodiments are referred to, other structures can refer to common designs, and the same embodiment and different embodiments of the invention can be combined with each other without conflict;
and finally: the present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, but rather, any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of an independent cup foundation open caisson support is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, when a sunk well is manufactured, measuring, positioning and leveling an excavated sunk well foundation pit, finishing the work of a sand cushion layer at the bottom of the sunk well, then placing a supporting mold of the sunk well, binding reinforcing steel bars inside the supporting mold, using a measuring scale to measure and mark the cross section size of the four walls of the sunk well, then using a mixer truck to input concrete into the supporting mold, fully contacting the concrete with the reinforcing steel bars inside the supporting mold, using a concrete leveling machine to level and compact the concrete, curing once every 2 hours with water, and dismantling the supporting mold after waiting three days to obtain the sunk well;
step two, when the open caisson sinks, the open caisson begins to sink when the concrete strength of the open caisson reaches 70%, the soil in the open caisson begins to be gradually dug from the middle of the open caisson to the periphery, the thickness of each layer of soil is 0.4-0.5 m, a soil dike of 0.5-1.5 m is reserved along the periphery of the well wall, then soil layers are completely, symmetrically and uniformly thinned layer by layer along each 2-3 m section of the open caisson wall to the bottom direction of the open caisson, each time, the soil layers are cut by 5-10 cm, and when the soil layers break without being extruded by the well wall, the open caisson extrudes soil under the action of self weight to sink;
step three, during observation of sinking, arranging an observation scale outside the well wall in the sinking process of the open caisson, arranging a specially-assigned person to carry out measurement observation, wherein the settlement observation is carried out at least 2 times every 8 hours, the elevation and the displacement at the bottom of the open caisson are observed at least 1 time every shift, when the open caisson sinks stably every time, measuring the height difference and the central displacement, recording the observed data faithfully and filling in according to a certain table, and when the open caisson sinks, if abnormal conditions are found, analyzing and researching in time, and taking effective countermeasure measures: if the frictional resistance is too large, resistance reduction measures are adopted to enable the open caisson to sink continuously, and the dead time is prevented from being too long; if sudden sinking or excessive sinking occurs, stopping digging or stopping sinking such as reserving more soil around the well wall;
step four, when the open caisson is lowered, pumping water in the open caisson according to the actual situation on site in the sinking process, ensuring that the water level in the open caisson is about 1 meter higher than that outside the open caisson, preventing mud outside the open caisson from flowing into the open caisson, and placing a pump pit in the open caisson after the open caisson is lowered to the design position;
step five, settling the open caisson to the height of the designed substrate which is 0.5-1 m below, and carrying out bottom sealing treatment on the open caisson: laying two layers of color strip cloth at the bottom; controlling the bottom of a foundation pit in the open caisson in place, paving rubbles from the middle of the bottom of the foundation pit, paving the rubbles around the foundation pit (all the peripheral rubbles can be plugged at the bottom of the well wall of the open caisson and are 800mm thick, and paving 1000mm thick rubbles at the bottom of the open caisson), paving 500mm thick rubbles in an upper well ring at the bottom of the open caisson, reversely conveying the rubbles to color strip cloth in the foundation pit by an excavator, manually inserting and firmly paving the rubbles, then paving two layers of color strip cloth, paving 10-30 mm thick rubbles, reversely conveying the rubbles to the color strip cloth by the excavator, manually flattening, paving two layers of color strip cloth, finally pouring 100mm thick C15 concrete cushion layer, after pouring of the cushion layer, arranging a pump phi to pump water on the side of the cushion layer (a 500 phi 400 phi steel cage is made of deformed steel 16, the bottom and the side surface are wrapped by three-layer dense meshes), and constructing a cup-shaped foundation after the open caisson after being treated by the foundation pit is stable and not less than one circle.
2. The construction method of the independent cup-based open caisson support as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the supporting mold comprises an inner mold support plate (1), an outer mold support plate (2) for limiting and pouring the outer wall of the open caisson is installed outside the inner mold support plate (1), and a multi-point supporting assembly is arranged inside the inner mold support plate (1);
multiple spot position supporting component is including establishing lantern ring extrusion deckle board (3) inside centre form extension board (1), the outer wall that the lantern ring extrudeed deckle board (3) is equipped with a plurality of spill extrusion pieces (5), and the inner wall threaded connection of lantern ring extrusion deckle board (3) has drive screw (4), all is equipped with hinge lantern ring piece (7) and back shaft (6) in the inside of every spill extrusion piece (5), back shaft (6) alternate in the inside of hinge lantern ring piece (7) and a tip and spill extrusion piece (5) fixed connection, the inner wall of hinge lantern ring piece (7) just is close to the bottom position department of hinge lantern ring piece (7) is equipped with extrusion axle (8), is fixed with cross sectional shape at the tip of extrusion axle (8) and establishes to spill extrusion concave plate (9).
3. The construction method of the independent cup-based open caisson support as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the hinge collar blocks (7) are movably connected with the extrusion shaft (8) and the supporting shaft (6) through bearings respectively, and the outer walls of the supporting shaft (6) and the extrusion shaft (8) are polished.
4. The construction method of the independent cup-based open caisson support as claimed in claim 2, wherein: one side of the extrusion concave plate (9) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner mold supporting plate (1), and the inner mold supporting plate (1) and the outer mold supporting plate (2) are both made of stainless steel.
5. The construction method of the independent cup-based open caisson support according to claim 2, wherein: a plurality of inclined herringbone supports (10) used for supporting the outer mold support plate (2) are mounted outside the outer mold support plate (2), and two fixing hole sites (11) with circular cross sections are formed in the bottom end of each inclined herringbone support (10) in an embedded mode.
6. The construction method of the independent cup-based open caisson support as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the inner die support plate is characterized in that first lifting hook rings (12) are arranged at the positions, close to four corners, of the top end of the inner die support plate (1), second lifting hook rings (13) are arranged at the positions, close to four corners, of the top end of the outer die support plate (2), and the inner walls of the second lifting hook rings (13) and the inner walls of the first lifting hook rings (12) are polished.
7. The construction method of the independent cup-based open caisson support as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the top welding of drive screw (4) has and rotates cap (14), it is made by stainless steel material to rotate cap (14).
8. The construction method of the independent cup-based open caisson support according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom of drive screw (4) is equipped with spacing roll subassembly, spacing roll subassembly is including setting up middle part ball (15) in drive screw (4) bottom, has first spacing collar (16) that is used for playing spacing effect to middle part ball (15) at the internally mounted of middle part ball (15), the outside of first spacing collar (16) is that the ring equidistance distributes and has a plurality of second spacing collar (18), at the inside marginal ball (17) that all are equipped with swing joint of every second spacing collar (18), the outer wall of drive screw (4) just is close to drive screw (4) bottom end position department and is equipped with a plurality of side balls (19), has side spacing ring (20) at the internally connected of side ball (19), one side of side spacing ring (20) is fixed with guide ring (21), is equipped with a plurality of stopper (22) at the outer wall of guide ring (21), one side of stopper (22) is equipped with concrete piece (23).
9. The construction method of an independent cup-based open caisson support according to claim 8, wherein: a plurality of side ball (19) are the setting of ring equidistance distribution, and swing joint between side ball (19) and side spacing ring (20).
10. The construction method of the independent cup-based open caisson support as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the limiting block (22) is movably inserted into the concrete block (23) in the vertical direction, and the limiting block (22) and the guide ring (21) are fixedly welded.
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