CN115161706A - Washing and separating device for hydrogen production system and hydrogen production system - Google Patents

Washing and separating device for hydrogen production system and hydrogen production system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115161706A
CN115161706A CN202210626286.9A CN202210626286A CN115161706A CN 115161706 A CN115161706 A CN 115161706A CN 202210626286 A CN202210626286 A CN 202210626286A CN 115161706 A CN115161706 A CN 115161706A
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China
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
gas
liquid
scrubbing
washing
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CN202210626286.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陆淼
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Wuxi Longji Hydrogen Energy Technology Co ltd
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Wuxi Longji Hydrogen Energy Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210626286.9A priority Critical patent/CN115161706A/en
Publication of CN115161706A publication Critical patent/CN115161706A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/072551 priority patent/WO2023231421A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C25B15/083—Separating products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
    • C01B3/52—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquids; Regeneration of used liquids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a washing and separating device for a hydrogen production system and the hydrogen production system, which relate to the technical field of hydrogen or oxygen preparation. The washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system comprises a shell, a washing component and a heat exchange component. The shell is provided with a first air inlet, a first air outlet and a liquid outlet. The washing component comprises a vent pipe, one end of the vent pipe is communicated with the first air inlet, and the other end of the vent pipe extends to a position below the liquid level of the washing liquid in the shell. The heat exchange assembly is provided with a plurality of heat exchange pipelines for circulating cooling media, and a circulation space for circulating the washed gas is formed between the outer walls of the plurality of heat exchange pipelines. The hydrogen production system comprises a gas-liquid separation frame and electrolysis equipment, wherein the gas-liquid separation frame comprises the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system.

Description

Washing and separating device for hydrogen production system and hydrogen production system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen or oxygen preparation, in particular to a washing and separating device for a hydrogen production system and the hydrogen production system.
Background
The electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen and oxygen is carried out by introducing direct current into the electrolytic bath of hydrogen-oxygen separator filled with electrolyte, and the water molecules are electrochemically reacted on the electrodes to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen. In the electrolysis, since pure water has a low ionization degree and a low conductivity, an acidic or alkaline electrolyte, such as sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, or potassium hydroxide, is generally added to the aqueous solution in order to increase the conductivity of the solution and to allow water to be smoothly electrolyzed into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
Hydrogen or oxygen obtained by electrolyzing an alkaline aqueous solution contains a certain amount of alkaline liquor, so that the electrolyte is wasted, and the alkaline aqueous solution needs to be supplemented with alkali. In addition, in order to avoid damage to downstream equipment by hydrogen or oxygen containing lye, it is necessary to remove the lye from the hydrogen or oxygen.
Therefore, in order to remove the alkali solution in the hydrogen or oxygen and simultaneously supplement the alkali to the alkaline aqueous solution, a washing device of the hydrogen or oxygen is produced. The existing hydrogen-oxygen washer for producing hydrogen by water electrolysis is arranged between a hydrogen or oxygen separator and a gas cooler. The hydrogen or oxygen is fully washed and then enters the gas cooler along the gas outlet pipe, and then enters the gas-water separator, and the washing liquid in the hydrogen-oxygen washer enters the hydrogen-gas or oxygen separator along the overflow port to supplement alkali.
However, in the prior art, the three processes of washing, cooling and dewatering are independent devices, the devices need to be connected through pipelines, and the cooler is arranged on the upper part of the washer, so that the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system is complicated and large-sized, the height of a factory is required, and a series of problems of large occupied space, high maintenance cost, high material cost and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a washing and separating device for a hydrogen production system and the hydrogen production system, which can reduce the complexity and the large-scale of equipment, reduce the use site and the equipment investment and improve the economy of the gas washing and separating device.
In order to achieve the above objects, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a scrubbing-and-separating apparatus for a hydrogen production system, comprising a housing, a scrubbing assembly, and a heat exchange assembly. The shell is provided with a first air inlet, a first air outlet and a liquid outlet, the first air inlet is used for introducing gas to be washed into the shell, and the first air outlet is arranged above the shell and used for discharging the washed gas. The washing component comprises a vent pipe, one end of the vent pipe is communicated with the first air inlet, and the other end of the vent pipe extends to a position below the liquid level of the washing liquid in the shell. The heat exchange assembly is arranged in the shell, is positioned above the washing assembly and is used for cooling the washed gas, the heat exchange assembly is provided with a plurality of heat exchange pipelines used for circulating cooling media, and a circulation space used for circulating the washed gas is formed between the outer walls of the heat exchange pipelines.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system comprises a shell, a washing assembly and a heat exchange assembly, washing liquid is contained in the shell, and the shell is provided with a first air inlet, a first air outlet and a liquid outlet. The washing component comprises a vent pipe, one end of the vent pipe is communicated with the first air inlet, and the other end of the vent pipe extends to a position below the liquid level of the washing liquid in the shell. The breather pipe is used for letting in the gas of treating washing in to the washing liquid for gas obtains the washing effect of washing liquid, and the liquid outlet is used for releasing the washing liquid in the casing. The heat exchange assembly is arranged in the shell and positioned above the washing assembly and used for cooling the washed gas, and finally the gas introduced from the first gas inlet is discharged from the first gas outlet of the shell after being sequentially washed and cooled in the shell. Therefore, the washing and cooling processes of the gas by the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system are completed in the shell, namely the washing and cooling processes of the gas are integrated, so that the complexity and the large scale of equipment are reduced, the use site and the equipment investment are reduced, and the cost is saved.
In addition, the heat exchange assembly provided by the invention is provided with a plurality of heat exchange pipelines for circulating cooling media, and a circulation space for circulating washed gas is formed among the outer walls of the heat exchange pipelines, so that the gas flows close to or attached to the outer walls of the heat exchange pipelines, and compared with a mode that the gas passes through the pipelines and the cooling media flows through the pipelines, the heat exchange assembly has a larger gas circulation space and a longer and more tortuous flow path, is more favorable for the heat exchange assembly to fully exchange heat with the gas, fully cools the gas, condenses alkaline water mist in the gas into water drops, improves the condensation separation efficiency of the alkaline water mist carried by the gas, reduces the height of the heat exchange assembly in the shell, and reduces the load of a subsequent gas-water separation assembly.
In one possible implementation, the heat exchange assembly further comprises an inlet header and an outlet header. The inlet header is used for introducing and shunting the cooling medium, and the outlet header is used for collecting and outputting the cooling medium. The plurality of heat exchange pipelines are connected to form a plurality of cooling medium flow channels, one ends of the cooling medium flow channels are communicated with the inlet header, and the other ends of the cooling medium flow channels are communicated with the outlet header.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the inlet header is used for leading in and shunting the cooling medium, the outlet header is used for collecting and outputting the cooling medium, the plurality of heat exchange pipelines are connected to form a plurality of cooling medium flow channels, one ends of the cooling medium flow channels are communicated with the inlet header, and the other ends of the cooling medium flow channels are communicated with the outlet header, so that the cooling medium shunted by the inlet header is collected and flows out through the outlet header after passing through the plurality of cooling medium flow channels. The space in the shell is reasonably utilized due to the arrangement of the heat exchange pipelines, and the cooling effect of the heat exchange assembly on circulating gas is enhanced. Moreover, a plurality of heat transfer pipe connection form a plurality of coolant flow passage, compare in a plurality of heat transfer pipe connection and form a coolant flow passage's the condition, shortened the flow path of coolant in the casing for the temperature that is close to the heat transfer pipe of export collection case differs less with the temperature that is close to the heat transfer pipe of import collection case, has not only strengthened the cooling effect to gas, is favorable to heat exchange assembly to the homogeneity of gas cooling effect moreover.
In a possible implementation manner, the heat exchange assembly further includes fins arranged outside the heat exchange pipe along the length direction of the heat exchange pipe, and the fins are continuous helical fins or discrete fins arranged in a helical manner.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the arrangement of the fins not only increases the contact area of the gas and the heat exchange assembly, namely, the heat exchange area is increased, and the heat transfer is enhanced, so that the gas is fully cooled; and moreover, the fins can divide and mix the gas flow, the flowing direction of the gas is changed, the flowing speed of the gas is reduced, the contact time of the gas and the heat exchange assembly is prolonged, and the heat exchange assembly can fully cool the gas.
In one possible implementation, the thickness of the fins is 0.5mm to 6mm, the fin pitch is 2.5mm to 30mm, and the height of the fins is 8mm to 30mm.
In one possible implementation, the axes of the heat exchange tubes are parallel to the axis of the housing, and the plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in a row or in a staggered row.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the axes of the heat exchange pipelines are parallel to the axis of the shell, and the plurality of heat exchange pipelines are arranged in parallel or in staggered manner, so that the uniformity of the heat exchange assembly on the gas cooling effect is facilitated.
In a possible implementation manner, the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system further comprises a gas-water separation assembly, which is arranged in the shell and is located between the heat exchange assembly and the first gas outlet.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the gas-water separation component is used for removing water mist in the cooled gas, so that the gas is further purified, the water mist in the gas is reduced, and the load of subsequent purification equipment is reduced.
In a possible implementation manner, the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system further comprises a first baffle, the first baffle is fixed on the inner wall of the shell and is located at one end, close to the washing liquid, of the heat exchange assembly, and a first through hole communicated with the circulation space of the heat exchange assembly is formed in the first baffle.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the first through hole communicated with the circulation space of the heat exchange assembly is formed in the first baffle, the first through hole not only provides an installation space for the heat exchange assembly, but also forces gas to pass through the first through hole, and then the gas flows close to or attached to the outer wall of the heat exchange pipeline, so that the heat exchange coefficient is improved, and the gas is fully cooled.
In a possible implementation manner, the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system further comprises a second baffle fixed on the inner wall of the shell and located on one side of the first baffle, which is far away from the washing liquid, and a second through hole is formed between the first baffle and the inner wall of the shell. And a third through hole communicated with the circulation space of the heat exchange assembly is formed in the second baffle, a fourth through hole is formed between the second baffle and the inner wall of the shell, and the second through hole and the fourth through hole are arranged in a projection staggered mode on the first baffle.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the second baffle plate is provided with the third through hole communicated with the circulation space of the heat exchange assembly, and the third through hole provides an avoiding space for the installation of the heat exchange assembly. The second through hole is arranged between the first baffle and the inner wall of the shell, the fourth through hole is arranged between the second baffle and the inner wall of the shell, the second through hole and the projection of the fourth through hole on the first baffle are arranged in a staggered mode, gas passes through the third through hole or the fourth through hole after passing through the first through hole or the second through hole, the flowing direction of the gas is forced to change, the gas flows transversely across the heat exchange assembly, the flowing path of the gas in the heat exchange assembly is prolonged, the heat exchange time of the gas and the heat exchange assembly is prolonged, and the full cooling of the gas is facilitated. In addition, the flowing direction of the gas is complicated, so that the gas is mixed, and the uniformity of the temperature of the gas cooled by the heat exchange assembly is facilitated.
In a possible implementation manner, the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system further comprises a third baffle fixed on the inner wall of the shell and located at one end of the heat exchange assembly far away from the washing liquid. The third baffle is provided with a fifth through hole communicated with the circulation space of the heat exchange assembly, a sixth through hole is formed between the third baffle and the inner wall of the shell, and the sixth through hole and the projection of the fourth through hole on the second baffle are arranged in a staggered mode.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the third baffle plate is provided with a fifth through hole communicated with the circulation space of the heat exchange assembly, and the fifth through hole provides an avoiding space for the installation of the heat exchange assembly. The sixth through hole is formed between the third baffle and the inner wall of the shell, and the projection of the sixth through hole and the projection of the fourth through hole on the second baffle are arranged in a staggered mode, so that after the gas passes through the third through hole or the fourth through hole, the gas passes through the fifth through hole or the sixth through hole, the flowing direction of the gas is forced to change, the gas flows transversely across the heat exchange assembly, the flowing path of the gas in the heat exchange assembly is prolonged, the heat exchange time of the gas and the heat exchange assembly is prolonged, and the gas is fully cooled. In addition, the flowing direction of the gas is complicated, the mixing of the gas is increased, and the uniform uniformity of the temperature of the gas cooled by the heat exchange assembly is facilitated.
In a possible implementation manner, the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system further comprises two oppositely arranged first enclosing plates, the first enclosing plates are arranged outside the heat exchange pipeline, and the second through hole, the fourth through hole and the sixth through hole are arranged between the two first enclosing plates.
When the technical scheme is adopted, gas flows between the two first enclosing plates, the first enclosing plates are arranged outside the heat exchange pipeline, the gas is forced to flow close to or attached to the outer wall of the heat exchange pipeline, the gas is prevented from flowing upwards along the inner wall of the shell and not passing through a circulation space between the heat exchange pipelines, the heat exchange coefficient is improved, and the gas is sufficiently cooled.
In a possible implementation manner, the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system further comprises two second enclosing plates which are arranged oppositely, the heat exchange pipeline is located in an enclosing space formed by the first enclosing plate and the second enclosing plate, and a circulation space is formed among the first enclosing plate, the second enclosing plate and the first baffle.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the gas is forced to flow close to or attached to the outer wall of the heat exchange pipeline, so that the heat exchange coefficient is improved, and the gas is fully cooled.
In a possible implementation manner, a first liquid inlet is arranged on the shell, and the washing liquid is injected into the shell through the first liquid inlet.
In a possible implementation manner, the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system further comprises a liquid level meter, wherein the liquid level meter is arranged on the side wall of the shell and is used for detecting the liquid level of the washing liquid in the shell and outputting a liquid level signal.
In a possible implementation manner, the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system further comprises a controller, wherein the liquid level meter is connected with the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the injection or release of the washing liquid into or out of the shell according to the liquid level signal.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the liquid level meter is used for detecting the liquid level of the washing liquid in the shell and outputting liquid level signals. The level gauge is connected with the controller, the controller is used for injecting into or releasing washing liquid to the casing according to liquid level height signal control, the volume of the washing liquid in the real-time supervision casing of being convenient for, it is too little to avoid appearing washing liquid, gaseous and washing liquid contact time is short excessively, wash inadequately, and, washing liquid level is too high to lead to not enough to the electrolysis trough circulation alkali lye of mending, too high washing liquid level and heat exchange assemblies distance influence heat exchange assemblies to the cooling effect of gaseous too closely simultaneously.
In a possible implementation manner, the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system further comprises a pH detector, which is disposed in the casing and is used for detecting the pH of the washing liquid and outputting a pH signal. The pH value detector is connected with the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the injection or release of the washing liquid according to the pH value.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the pH value detector is used for detecting the pH value of the washing liquid and outputting a pH value signal. The pH value detector is connected with the controller, so that the pH value of the washing liquid in the shell can be monitored in real time conveniently. When the pH value of the washing liquid detected by the pH value detector exceeds a preset range, the controller controls the washing liquid to be released, so that the phenomenon that the washing effect of the washing liquid on gas is insufficient is avoided.
In one possible implementation mode, the vent pipe is provided with a vent hole, and the vent hole is positioned in the washing liquid body.
When adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the breather pipe is seted up and is located the internal air vent of washing liquid, so for the gas that lets in from the breather pipe flows into washing liquid, guarantees gaseous and washing liquid contact, realizes the washing effect to gas. Moreover, gas lets in the washing liquid from the air vent, avoids appearing great bubble, makes the gas in the bubble can not get the washing, has promoted gaseous washing effect, reduces the disturbance effect to the liquid level simultaneously for the detection of level gauge is more accurate.
In one possible implementation, the length ratio of the washing component to the heat exchange component is (2-3): 2.
In one possible implementation, the length ratio of the washing component to the heat exchange component to the gas-water separation component is (2-3) to 2 (0.8-1).
In one possible implementation, the gas-water separation assembly includes a wire mesh mist eliminator.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the wire mesh demister is formed by weaving metal into a net and rolling the net into a disc shape, so that water mist carried in gas can be removed, and meanwhile, the gas is purified, and impurities in the gas are reduced.
In one possible implementation, the housing is cylindrical in shape.
In one possible implementation, the washing liquid is pure water or an aqueous alkali solution.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a hydrogen production system, which includes a gas-liquid separation frame and an electrolysis apparatus, wherein the gas-liquid separation frame includes the washing and separating device for a hydrogen production system described in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect. The electrolysis equipment is communicated with the washing and separating device and is used for introducing gas prepared by electrolysis into the washing and separating device.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the electrolysis equipment produces gas by electrolyzing the electrolyte, and the produced gas is introduced into the washing and separating device, and the electrolyte water mist in the gas is fully and effectively removed by the washing and separating device.
In one possible implementation, the gas-liquid separation frame further includes: and the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the electrolysis equipment. The gas-liquid separator is provided with a second liquid inlet and a second gas outlet, and the second liquid inlet is communicated with the liquid outlet and used for receiving the washing liquid released by the liquid outlet. The first gas inlet is communicated with the second gas outlet and used for receiving gas to be washed.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the gas-liquid separator is provided with the second liquid inlet and the second gas outlet, the second liquid inlet is communicated with the liquid outlet and used for receiving the washing liquid released by the liquid outlet, the waste of the washing liquid is avoided, and the electrolyte taken away by the gas to be washed is supplemented by recycling the washing liquid.
In a possible implementation manner, the hydrogen production system further comprises a purification device for drying the gas, and the first gas outlet of the washing and separating device is communicated with the second gas inlet of the purification device.
In one possible implementation, the electrolysis apparatus is an alkaline water electrolysis cell.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a scrubbing-and-separating apparatus for a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged in a row according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged in a staggered manner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an axial cross-sectional view of a snorkel according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic radial cross-sectional view of a vent pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a shell, 11-a first air inlet, 12-a first air outlet, 13-a first liquid inlet,
14-a liquid outlet, 15-a flange, 16-a lug support, 2-a heat exchange assembly, 21-a heat exchange pipeline,
22-an inlet header, 23-an outlet header, 24-fins, 3-a gas-water separation component,
4-a first baffle, 5-a first baffle, 6-a second baffle, 7-a liquid level meter, 8-a pH value detector,
9-vent pipe, 91-vent hole, 10-fourth baffle, 20-third baffle, 30-second bounding wall, 200-gas-liquid separator, 210-second liquid inlet, 220-second gas outlet, 300-purification equipment, 310-second gas inlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. The meaning of "a number" is one or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a washing and separating device for a hydrogen production system, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the washing and separating device for a hydrogen production system includes a housing 1, a washing component, and a heat exchange component 2, where the housing 1 contains washing liquid, the housing 1 has a first gas inlet 11, a first gas outlet 12, and a liquid outlet 14, the first gas inlet 11 is used to introduce gas to be washed into the washing liquid, the first gas outlet 12 is disposed above the housing, and the first gas outlet 12 is used to discharge the washed gas. The washing assembly comprises a vent pipe 9, one end of the vent pipe 9 is communicated with the first air inlet 11, and the other end of the vent pipe 9 extends to a position below the liquid level of the washing liquid in the shell 1. The heat exchange assembly 2 is arranged in the shell 1 and positioned above the washing assembly and used for cooling the washed gas, the heat exchange assembly 2 is provided with a plurality of heat exchange pipelines 21 used for circulating cooling media, and a circulation space used for circulating the washed hydrogen or oxygen is formed between the outer walls of the heat exchange pipelines 21. The washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a gas-water separating assembly 3, wherein the gas-water separating assembly 3 is arranged in the shell 1 and is positioned between the heat exchange assembly 2 and the first gas outlet 12, and the gas-water separating assembly 3 is used for removing water mist in the cooled hydrogen or oxygen.
Under the condition of adopting the technical scheme, the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a shell 1, a washing component and a heat exchange component 2, wherein washing liquid is contained in the shell 1, the shell 1 is provided with a first air inlet 11 and a first air outlet 12, the first air inlet 11 is used for introducing gas to be washed into the washing liquid so that the gas can obtain the washing effect of the washing liquid, and the first air outlet is arranged above the shell and used for discharging the washed gas. The washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system further comprises a heat exchange assembly 2 and a gas-water separation assembly 3 which are arranged in the shell 1, the heat exchange assembly 2 is used for cooling the washed gas, and the heat exchange assembly 2 is located above the washing assembly. The washing assembly comprises a vent pipe 9, one end of the vent pipe 9 is communicated with the first air inlet 11, and the other end of the vent pipe 9 extends to the position below the liquid level of the washing liquid in the shell 1. The vent pipe 9 is used for introducing gas to be washed into the washing liquid, so that the gas can obtain the washing effect of the washing liquid, and the liquid outlet is used for releasing the washing liquid in the shell. The gas-water separation assembly 3 is used for removing water mist in the cooled hydrogen or oxygen, and finally the hydrogen or oxygen introduced from the first gas inlet 11 is discharged from the first gas outlet 12 of the shell 1 after being sequentially subjected to washing, cooling and gas-water separation in the shell 1, so that the load of the subsequent purification equipment 300 is reduced. Therefore, the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the invention completes the washing, cooling and gas-water separation processes of hydrogen or oxygen in the shell 1, namely the washing, cooling and gas-water separation processes of gas are integrated, so that the complexity and the large scale of equipment are reduced, the use site and the equipment investment are reduced, and the cost is saved. It should be noted that, in the embodiment provided by the present invention, specific materials of the shell 1, the heat exchange module 2 and the gas-water separation module 3 are not specifically limited herein, and are set according to actual conditions, so as to have acid resistance or alkaline corrosion resistance, and the diameter Φ D of the shell 1 is also not specifically limited herein.
In addition, the heat exchange assembly 2 provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with a plurality of heat exchange pipelines 21 for circulating cooling media, and a circulation space for circulating washed gas is formed between the outer walls of the heat exchange pipelines 21, so that the gas flows close to or attached to the outer walls of the heat exchange pipelines 21, and compared with a mode that the gas passes through the pipelines and the cooling media flows outside the pipelines, the heat exchange assembly has a larger gas circulation space and a longer and more tortuous flow path, and is more favorable for the heat exchange between the heat exchange assembly and the gas, so that the gas is fully cooled, alkaline water mist in the gas is condensed into water drops, the condensation separation efficiency of the alkaline water mist carried by the gas is improved, the height of the heat exchange assembly in the shell is reduced, and the load of the subsequent gas-water separation assembly is reduced.
When the electrolysis device is used for electrolysis of water to generate hydrogen or oxygen, the hydrogen or oxygen is output through the second air outlet of the gas-liquid separator. The electrolytic tank of the electrolysis equipment is filled with electrolyte, direct current is introduced into the electrolytic tank, and water molecules are subjected to electrochemical reaction on the electrodes and decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen. In the electrolysis, since pure water has a low ionization degree and a low conductivity, an acidic or alkaline electrolyte, such as sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or the like, is generally added to an aqueous solution in order to increase the conductivity of the electrolyte and to allow water to be smoothly electrolyzed into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. In view of this, acidic or alkaline water mist adheres to the produced hydrogen or oxygen, and the acidic or alkaline water mist in the hydrogen or oxygen needs to be removed. When the hydrogen or oxygen is prepared by electrolyzing the alkaline electrolyte, the prepared hydrogen or oxygen contains alkaline water mist, in this case, the washing liquid can be neutral water, and certainly can also be an alkalescent solution, namely, the washing liquid can play a role in washing the hydrogen or oxygen only by ensuring that the pH value of the washing liquid is less than that of the alkaline electrolyte and is more than or equal to 7. Similarly, when the hydrogen or oxygen is produced by electrolyzing an acidic electrolyte, the produced hydrogen or oxygen contains acidic water mist, and in this case, the cleaning liquid may be neutral water, or may be a weakly acidic solution, that is, it is ensured that the pH value of the cleaning liquid is greater than the pH value of the acidic electrolyte and is less than or equal to 7. For convenience of description, the hydrogen or oxygen produced by using the alkaline electrolyte and the corresponding washing liquid is pure water or alkaline water, and the washing and separating device for a hydrogen production system according to the embodiment of the present invention is used for cleaning hydrogen or oxygen containing alkaline water mist.
In practical situations, the casing 1 provided in the embodiment of the present invention is cylindrical, the axis of the casing 1 may be set to be vertical, the washing liquid is located at the bottom of the casing 1, and the heat exchange assembly 2 and the gas-water separation assembly 3 are sequentially arranged in the casing 1 from bottom to top. After the hydrogen or oxygen is introduced into the housing 1, the hydrogen or oxygen is washed by the washing liquid, and the hydrogen or oxygen introduced later forces the hydrogen or oxygen introduced earlier to flow toward the first gas outlet 12 due to the pressure effect between the hydrogen and oxygen. Most of the alkaline water mist in the hydrogen or oxygen can be removed by the washing action of the washing liquid. When the washed hydrogen or oxygen flows through the heat exchange assembly 2, the heat exchange assembly 2 cools the flowing hydrogen or oxygen, so that alkaline water mist in the hydrogen or oxygen meets the condensation to be condensed to form water drops, and partial alkaline water mist in the hydrogen or oxygen is further removed. The water droplets fall into the washing liquid under the action of gravity. The hydrogen or oxygen continues to flow towards the first gas outlet 12, and when the hydrogen or oxygen passes through the gas-water separation assembly 3, the gas-water separation assembly 3 removes water mist in the cooled hydrogen or oxygen, and finally the hydrogen or oxygen with low water content is discharged from the first gas outlet 12.
In one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the heat exchange assembly 2 further comprises an inlet header 22 and an outlet header 23. The inlet header 22 is used for introducing and dividing the cooling medium, and the outlet header 23 is used for collecting and outputting the cooling medium. The plurality of heat exchange tubes 21 are connected to form a plurality of cooling medium flow passages, one end of which communicates with the inlet header 22 and the other end of which communicates with the outlet header 23.
Like this, import collection box 22 is used for letting in and reposition of redundant personnel coolant, and export collection box 23 is used for collecting and exporting coolant, and a plurality of heat transfer pipeline 21 are connected and are formed a plurality of coolant flow passage, and coolant flow passage's one end and import collection box 22 intercommunication, the other end and export collection box 23 intercommunication for behind a plurality of coolant flow passage, the export collection box 23 is assembled and is flowed out through the coolant of import collection box 22 reposition of redundant personnel. The arrangement of the plurality of heat exchange pipes 21 makes the space in the shell 1 reasonably utilized, and the cooling effect of the heat exchange assembly 2 on circulating hydrogen or oxygen is enhanced. Moreover, a plurality of heat exchange pipes 21 are connected to form a plurality of cooling medium flow channels, and compared with the condition that a plurality of heat exchange pipes are connected to form one cooling medium flow channel, the flow path of the cooling medium in the shell 1 is shortened, so that the temperature difference between the heat exchange pipe 21 close to the outlet header 23 and the heat exchange pipe 21 close to the inlet header 22 is small, the cooling effect on hydrogen or oxygen is enhanced, and the uniformity of the cooling effect on hydrogen or oxygen of the heat exchange assembly 2 is facilitated.
In practical applications, the cooling medium may be cooling water, cooling brine, or the like, and is not limited herein. The plurality of heat exchange tubes 21 are connected by 180 ° bends to form a cooling medium flow passage. The branch pipes of the inlet header 22 and the branch pipes of the outlet header 23 correspond to the cooling medium flow passages, and the inlet header 22 divides the introduced cooling medium, flows to the outlet header 23 through the plurality of heat exchange pipes 21, and flows out of the outlet header 23. The number of the cooling medium flow passages is set according to actual conditions and is not particularly limited herein. The inlet header 22 and the outlet header 23 may be circular pipes or square pipes, and preferably circular pipes to withstand high pressure.
In one possible implementation, referring to fig. 2 to 5, the heat exchange assembly 2 further includes a fin 24 disposed outside the heat exchange tube 21 along the length direction of the heat exchange tube 21. The fins 24 are arranged outside the heat exchange pipe 21 along the length direction of the heat exchange pipe 21, and the heat exchange pipe 21 and the fins 24 form a spiral finned tube. The spiral finned tube is a high-efficiency heat transfer element, the heat transfer area of the spiral finned tube is greatly increased compared with that of the heat exchange pipeline 21, and the heat transfer effect is enhanced. The arrangement of the fins 24 not only increases the contact area of the hydrogen or the oxygen and the heat exchange component 2, namely, increases the heat exchange area, enhances the heat transfer and fully cools the hydrogen or the oxygen; moreover, the fins 24 can split and mix the hydrogen flow or the oxygen flow, change the flow direction of the hydrogen or the oxygen, reduce the flow speed of the hydrogen or the oxygen, prolong the contact time of the hydrogen or the oxygen and the heat exchange assembly 2, and realize the sufficient cooling of the heat exchange assembly 2 for the hydrogen or the oxygen. Meanwhile, due to the action of the fins 24, cooled water mist in the gas slowly falls into the washing liquid through the fins, and interference on the liquid level of the washing liquid is reduced.
In specific implementation, the fins 24 are wound on the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe 21, and the connection mode between the fins 24 and the heat exchange pipe 21 can be hot rolling, high-frequency welding or laser welding. The material of the heat exchange tube 21, the material of the fins 24, the thickness and height of the fins 24, the surface structure of the fins 24, the pitch of the fins 24, the diameter d1 of the heat exchange tube 21, and the like provided in the embodiment of the present invention are not specifically limited herein, which is based on the actual situation. For example, the heat exchange tubes 21 and the fins may be made of high-strength heavy metal, such as carbon steel, stainless steel, or corrosion-resistant steel. The thickness of the fins is 0.5mm to 6mm, for example the thickness of the fins may be 1mm, 2mm, 3.5mm, etc. The pitch of the fins is 2.5mm-30mm, and the pitch of the fins can be 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm and the like. The height of the heat exchange pipe 21 is 8mm-30mm, and the height of the heat exchange pipe 21 can be 10mm, 15mm, 20mm and the like. The fins 24 are continuous spiral fins, that is, the sheet surfaces of the fins 24 are in a continuous structure, or the fins 24 are discrete fins arranged spirally, that is, the sheet surfaces have openings in a direction parallel to the sheet surfaces, and the arrangement is made according to the actual situation. To avoid corrosion resistance of the heat exchange tubes, the surfaces of the tubes and fins are further coated with a corrosion resistant material, which may be, for example, nickel alloy, or the like.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2 to 5, the axes of the heat exchange tubes 21 are parallel to the axis of the shell 1, and the plurality of heat exchange tubes 21 are arranged in a row or in a fork arrangement, so as to facilitate uniformity of cooling effect of the heat exchange assembly 2 on hydrogen or oxygen.
Fig. 4 illustrates a plurality of heat exchange tubes 21 arranged in a row. As shown in fig. 4, the plurality of heat exchange tubes 21 are arranged in an orderly and equally spaced array. Fig. 5 illustrates that the plurality of heat exchange tubes 21 are arranged in a staggered array, and as shown in fig. 5, the heat exchange tubes 21 in two adjacent rows are arranged to cross each other. In the embodiment provided by the present invention, it is preferable that the plurality of heat exchange tubes 21 are arranged in a staggered manner. A plurality of heat transfer pipelines 21 are the fork row and arrange for hydrogen or oxygen are big at the disturbance that rises in-process and receive, reduce the velocity of flow that rises, prolong hydrogen or oxygen and heat exchange component 2's heat exchange time, and heat transfer coefficient is high, makes hydrogen or oxygen by fully cooling, promotes the condensation separation effect to the water smoke that hydrogen or oxygen carried. Moreover, in the embodiment of the present invention, the orthographic projection connecting line of the central axes of three two adjacent heat exchange pipes 21 forms an equilateral triangle or an isosceles triangle. In this way, the cooling effect of the heat exchange assembly 2 on hydrogen or oxygen is more uniform. It should be noted that, the distance S1 between two adjacent heat exchange tubes in each row and the distance S2 between two adjacent heat exchange tubes in each row are not limited in particular herein, taking actual situations as a standard.
As a possible implementation manner, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the washing and separating device for a hydrogen production system further includes a first baffle 4, the first baffle 4 is fixed on the inner wall of the casing 1 and is located at one end of the heat exchange assembly 2 close to the washing liquid, and a first through hole communicated with the circulation space of the heat exchange assembly 2 is formed in the first baffle 4. The setting of first through-hole not only provides installation space for heat exchange assembly 2, forces gaseous from first through-hole to pass moreover, later makes gaseous being close to or laminating heat transfer pipeline's outer wall flow, avoids gaseous upwards flowing along shells inner wall and not pass through the circulation space between the heat transfer pipeline, improves heat transfer coefficient for gaseous by fully cooling. In addition, the first baffle 4 can be connected with the heat exchange assembly 2, so that the first baffle 4 has a supporting effect on the heat exchange assembly 2, the stability of the heat exchange assembly 2 in the shell 1 is enhanced, and the structural firmness of the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the invention is improved.
In an alternative manner, the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system further includes a second baffle 6, where the second baffle 6 is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the casing 1 and is located on a side of the first baffle 4 away from the washing liquid, and a second through hole is formed between the first baffle 4 and the inner wall of the casing 1. And a third through hole communicated with the circulation space of the heat exchange assembly 2 is formed in the second baffle 6, a fourth through hole is formed between the second baffle 6 and the inner wall of the shell 1, and the second through hole and the fourth through hole are arranged in a projection staggered mode on the first baffle 4. As shown in fig. 2, the first baffle 4 and the second baffle 6 may be disposed in parallel in a height direction of the casing 1, and the second baffle 6 is disposed at a middle position of the heat exchange pipe 21. So, make gaseous from first through-hole or second through-hole pass the back, later pass from third through-hole or fourth through-hole, force the flow direction change of gaseous for gaseous stumbling heat exchange assemblies has prolonged the flow path of gaseous in heat exchange assemblies 2, has promoted gaseous and heat exchange assemblies's heat exchange time, is favorable to gaseous abundant cooling. In addition, the flowing direction of the gas is complicated, so that the gas is mixed, and the uniformity of the temperature of the gas cooled by the heat exchange assembly 2 is facilitated. In addition, the second baffle 6 can be connected with the heat exchange assembly 2, so that the second baffle 6 has a supporting effect on the heat exchange assembly 2, the stability of the heat exchange assembly 2 in the shell 1 is enhanced, the structural firmness of the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the invention is improved, and the service life of the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system is prolonged.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the scrubbing-and-separating unit for a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a third baffle 20 fixed to the inner wall of the casing 1 and located at an end of the heat exchange assembly 2 away from the scrubbing liquid. The third baffle 20 is provided with a fifth through hole communicated with the circulation space of the heat exchange assembly 2, a sixth through hole is formed between the third baffle 20 and the inner wall of the shell 1, and the sixth through hole and the fourth through hole are arranged in a projection staggered mode on the second baffle 6. Therefore, the fifth through hole provides an avoiding space for the installation of the heat exchange assembly 2. The sixth through hole is arranged between the third baffle plate 20 and the inner wall of the shell 1, and the sixth through hole and the projection of the fourth through hole on the second baffle plate 6 are arranged in a staggered mode, so that gas passes through the fifth through hole or the sixth through hole after passing through the third through hole or the fourth through hole, the flowing direction of the gas is forced to change, the gas sweeps across the heat exchange assembly 2, the flowing path of the gas in the heat exchange assembly 2 is prolonged, the heat exchange time of the gas and the heat exchange assembly 2 is prolonged, and the gas is fully cooled. In addition, the flowing direction of the gas is complicated, the mixing of the gas is increased, and the uniformity of the temperature of the gas cooled by the heat exchange assembly is facilitated. The setting of second through-hole, fourth through-hole, sixth through-hole makes the flow direction of gas be the S-shaped along the axis direction of casing 1, has further prolonged gaseous flow path in heat exchange assembly, has promoted gaseous and heat exchange assembly' S heat exchange time, is favorable to gaseous abundant cooling.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, the scrubbing-and-separating unit for a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes two first enclosing plates 5 disposed opposite to each other, where the first enclosing plates 5 are disposed outside the heat exchange pipes 21, and the second through holes, the fourth through holes, and the sixth through holes are disposed between the two first enclosing plates. So for gas flows between two first bounding walls 5, and first bounding wall 5 sets up outside heat transfer pipeline, forces gas to be close to or the outer wall that is laminating heat transfer pipeline flows, improves heat transfer coefficient, makes gas fully cooled down. In practical implementation, the first enclosing plate 5 may be disposed parallel to the axis of the casing 1, and the first enclosing plate 5 may be supported by at least one of the first baffle 4, the second baffle 6, and the third baffle 20, so as to enhance structural firmness of the washing and separating device.
In other embodiments, the washing and separating device for a hydrogen production system provided by the embodiments of the present invention further includes two second enclosing plates 30 disposed opposite to each other, the heat exchange conduit is located in an enclosure space formed by the first enclosing plate 5 and the second enclosing plate 30, and a flow space is formed between the first enclosing plate 5, the second enclosing plate 30, and the first baffle 4. Therefore, the gas is forced to flow close to or attached to the outer wall of the heat exchange pipeline, the heat exchange coefficient is improved, and the gas is fully cooled.
It is understood that, since the hydrogen or oxygen gas produced by using the alkaline electrolyte contains alkaline water mist, during the electrolysis, on one hand, the amount of the alkaline electrolyte is gradually reduced, so that the alkali of the alkaline electrolyte is lost, and on the other hand, after the hydrogen or oxygen gas containing the alkaline water mist enters the washing liquid and flows out of the washing liquid, most of the alkaline water mist in the hydrogen or oxygen gas is remained in the washing liquid, so that the pH value of the washing liquid is increased, and the hydrogen or oxygen gas cannot play a role in washing. After the hydrogen or the oxygen is cooled by the heat exchange assembly 2, water mist in the hydrogen or the oxygen is condensed into water drops to fall into the washing liquid, and the liquid level of the washing liquid is raised to a certain extent. When the liquid level of the washing liquid is too high or the pH of the washing liquid exceeds a predetermined range (generally, pH =13 of the washing liquid), it is necessary to release a part or all of the washing liquid, and the pH of the washing liquid may be lowered by adding the washing liquid to the washing liquid.
In view of this, as a possible implementation manner, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the housing 1 is provided with a first liquid inlet 13 and a liquid outlet 14, the first liquid inlet 13 is used for injecting the washing liquid into the housing 1, and the liquid outlet 14 is used for releasing the washing liquid in the housing 1. During the concrete implementation, first inlet 13 can be less than heat exchange assemblies 2 and first baffle 4 in the position on casing 1 to when injecting washing liquid into casing 1, washing liquid falls on heat exchange assemblies 2 or first baffle 4, not only causes the waste of washing liquid, influences heat exchange assemblies 2's cooling function moreover. Liquid outlet 14 is used for releasing the washing liquid in casing 1, and liquid outlet 14 can set up in the bottom of casing 1, and liquid outlet 14 communicates with the second gas outlet 220 of vapour and liquid separator 200 for release the washing liquid in vapour and liquid separator 200, not only avoided the waste of washing liquid, compensatied the alkali that is taken away by hydrogen or oxygen in the alkaline electrolyte moreover. In the embodiment of the present invention, the housing 1 may be placed at a high position by the ear mount 16 of the housing 1, so that the washing liquid flows toward the gas-liquid separator 200 by its own gravity to perform gravity overflow liquid replenishment, or the housing 1 may be placed at a low position, and the washing liquid may be forcibly pumped and transferred to the gas-liquid separator 200 by a pump. The number of the ear supports 16 is at least two, and the ear supports are symmetrically and tightly arranged on the upper outer wall of the shell 1 and used for supporting the shell 1.
As an alternative, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the scrubbing-and-separating apparatus for a hydrogen production system further includes a liquid level meter 7 and a controller, the liquid level meter 7 is disposed on a side wall of the casing 1, and the liquid level meter 7 is configured to detect a liquid level of the scrubbing liquid in the casing 1 and output a liquid level signal. The liquid level meter 7 is connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling washing liquid to be injected into the shell 1 according to the liquid level signal. Therefore, the quantity of the washing liquid in the shell 1 can be conveniently monitored in real time, the phenomenon that the washing liquid is too little, the contact time of hydrogen or oxygen and the washing liquid is too short, the washing is insufficient, the liquid level of the washing liquid is too high, the alkali liquor which is circularly supplemented into the electrolytic cell is insufficient, and meanwhile, the too high washing liquid level and the heat exchange component are too close to each other to influence the cooling effect of the heat exchange component on the gas. As shown in fig. 2, the axial direction of the housing 1 is set to a vertical direction, the liquid level of the washing liquid has a liquid level maximum HL, a liquid level minimum LL and a most appropriate liquid level NL, the detection end of the level gauge 7 is located in the washing liquid, and the controller controls the washing liquid to be discharged through the liquid outlet 14 when the liquid level of the washing liquid detected by the level gauge 7 is higher than HL. When the level of the washing liquid detected by the level gauge 7 is lower than NL, the controller controls the injection of the washing liquid into the housing 1 through the first liquid inlet 13.
Further, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the washing and separating device for hydrogen production system further includes a pH detector 8 disposed in the casing 1 for detecting a pH of the washing liquid and outputting a pH signal. The pH value detector 8 is connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the injection or release of the washing liquid according to the pH value. The pH detector 8 is connected to the controller for real-time monitoring of the pH of the washing liquid in the housing 1. When the pH value of the washing liquid detected by the pH detector 8 exceeds a preset range (pH = 13), the controller may reduce the pH value of the washing liquid by controlling the addition of the washing liquid to the washing liquid, or may reduce the pH value of the washing liquid by controlling the release of the washing liquid and then re-injecting the washing liquid, so as to prevent the washing liquid from having an insufficient washing effect on hydrogen or oxygen. Of course, it is ensured that the level of the washing liquid is within a predetermined range.
As an alternative, referring to fig. 2, 6 and 7, the vent pipe 9 is opened with a vent hole 91 for inputting hydrogen or oxygen into the casing 1, and the vent hole 91 is located in the cleaning liquid. Therefore, the hydrogen or oxygen to be washed introduced from the receiving end of the vent pipe 9 is introduced into the washing liquid, so that the contact between the hydrogen or oxygen and the washing liquid is ensured, and the washing effect on the hydrogen or oxygen is realized. Moreover, hydrogen or oxygen let in the washing liquid from air vent 91, avoid appearing great bubble, make hydrogen or oxygen in the bubble can not get the washing, promoted the washing effect of hydrogen or oxygen, reduce the disturbing action to the liquid level simultaneously for the detection of level gauge 7 is more accurate.
In particular, the vent pipe 9 may be omitted when the first air inlet 11 is located below the surface of the washing liquid. The hydrogen or oxygen gas introduced from the first gas inlet 11 is directly introduced into the washing liquid. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first gas inlet 11 is located above the liquid level of the washing liquid, the vent pipe 9 is in an L-shaped structure, the vent pipe 9 has a receiving end and a closed end, the receiving end of the vent pipe 9 is communicated with the second gas outlet 220 of the gas-liquid separator 200, and the second gas outlet 220 is used for discharging hydrogen or oxygen. The closed end of the vent pipe 9 is located on the axis of the shell 1, and the vent pipe 9 is provided with a vent hole 91 near the closed end and used for inputting hydrogen or oxygen into the shell 1. The plurality of vent holes 91 are formed along the circumferential direction of the vent pipe 9, and the plurality of rows of vent holes 91 are formed along the axial direction of the vent pipe 9, so that hydrogen or oxygen is uniformly discharged from the vent pipe 9. The vent hole 91 is disposed obliquely upward, and the axis of the vent hole 91 forms an angle α with the horizontal plane, where α is not specifically limited and may be 55 °. The size of the vent hole 91 is not particularly limited herein, and is subject to practical conditions. In the embodiment provided by the invention, the diameter phid 2 of the vent hole 91 ranges from phi 8mm to phi 12mm.
As an optional mode, the length ratio of the washing component to the heat exchange component 2 is (2-3): 2, the length ratio of the washing component to the heat exchange component 2 to the gas-water separation component 3 is (2-3): 2 (0.8-1), the lengths of the washing component to the heat exchange component 2 and the gas-water separation component 3 are set according to actual conditions, the lengths of the washing component to the heat exchange component 2 can better realize the washing and cooling effects on gas, meanwhile, the structure of the washing and separating device is simplified, and the occupied space is reduced. For example, the length of the scrubbing component may be 974.9mm, the length of the heat exchange component may be 1125mm, and the length of the gas-water separation component 3 may be 763mm, although this is not a limitation.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the gas-water separation component 3 comprises a wire mesh demister, the design, manufacture and inspection standard of the wire mesh demister is HG/T21618-1998, and the type selection is only carried out according to the process requirement, so that the processing and manufacturing time of the washing and separating device for the hydrogen production system is shortened. The wire mesh demister is formed by weaving metal into a net and rolling the net into a disc shape, and can further remove water mist carried in hydrogen or oxygen, purify the hydrogen or oxygen and reduce impurities in the hydrogen or oxygen.
Tiny liquid fog drops are entrained in the cooled hydrogen or oxygen, when the fog drops pass through a wire mesh of a wire mesh demister, the fog drops touch the wire mesh and are adhered or adsorbed, the fog drops are repeatedly adsorbed for many times, tiny fog drops agglomerate and coalesce into large liquid drops, the liquid drops move downwards along the cross points of woven wire mesh wires and wires under the action of gravity, the fog drops entrained in the gas are continuously adsorbed, the large fog drops flow to the bottom of the demister wire mesh to fall off by the gravity of the liquid drops, and the liquid drops drop into washing liquid along fins 24.
In practical applications, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a fourth baffle 10 is further disposed in the shell 1, the fourth baffle 10 is fastened to the inner wall of the shell 1, and the fourth baffle 10 is located at one end of the gas-water separation module 3 close to the heat exchange module. The fourth baffle 10 is provided with a through hole corresponding to the gas-water separation component 3, so that the hydrogen or oxygen cooled by the heat exchange component 2 is forced to pass through the through hole on the fourth baffle 10, and the hydrogen or oxygen passes through the gas-water separation component 3 to the maximum extent, so as to remove water mist in the hydrogen or oxygen.
In addition, in order to facilitate the disassembly, assembly and maintenance of the heat exchange assembly 2 and the gas-water separation assembly 3 in the housing 1, the housing 1 provided in the embodiment of the present invention is a split structure, and includes an upper housing and a lower housing, and the upper housing is covered with the lower housing through a flange 15, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.
Based on the washing and separating device described in any of the above embodiments, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a hydrogen production system, which includes an electrolysis apparatus and a gas-liquid separation frame, wherein the gas-liquid separation frame includes the washing and separating device described in any of the above embodiments for the hydrogen production system, the electrolysis apparatus is configured to electrolyze an electrolyte to generate hydrogen or oxygen, the electrolysis apparatus is communicated with the washing and separating device, and is configured to introduce the hydrogen or oxygen produced by electrolysis into the washing and separating device, and the washing and separating device is configured to substantially and effectively remove electrolyte water mist in a gas.
The gas-liquid separation frame provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a gas-liquid separator 200 communicated with the electrolysis equipment. The gas-liquid separator 200 has a second liquid inlet 210 and a second gas outlet 220, the second liquid inlet 210 is communicated with the liquid outlet 14, and is used for receiving the washing liquid released by the liquid outlet 14; the first gas inlet 11 is in communication with the second gas outlet 220 for receiving hydrogen or oxygen to be scrubbed. Therefore, the waste of the washing liquid is avoided, and the electrolyte taken away by the hydrogen or oxygen to be washed is supplemented by realizing the recycling of the washing liquid.
The electrolysis device may specifically be an alkaline water electrolysis cell. For the alkaline water electrolysis system, the gas-liquid separator 200 is a hydrogen gas-liquid separator or an oxygen gas-liquid separator, the hydrogen gas-liquid separator and the oxygen gas-liquid separator are communicated with the electrolytic bath of the electrolysis device and are arranged above the electrolytic bath side by side, and a washing and separating device for hydrogen gas and oxygen gas can be arranged above the gas-liquid separator.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen production system provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes a purification apparatus 300, and the first gas outlet of the hydrogen washing and separating device is communicated with the second gas inlet 310 of the purification apparatus 300. According to the production requirement, when the gas with extremely low water content is required before entering the purification equipment 300, the gas-liquid separation frame of the invention can also comprise at least one group of gas cooler and gas-water separator, the first gas outlet of the washing and separating device of the first aspect is communicated with the gas cooler and the gas-water separator in sequence, and then is communicated with the purification equipment 300 to dry the gas.
The hydrogen and oxygen from the electrolytic cell enter the hydrogen gas-liquid separator and the oxygen gas-liquid separator respectively, most of alkali fog carried by gas in the gas-liquid separator is separated, then the hydrogen and the oxygen enter the hydrogen washing separator and the oxygen washing separator respectively, residual electrolyte raw material liquid such as alkali water fog is washed in the washing separator, small-particle-diameter liquid drops and water vapor carried by the gas are cooled and condensed for the first time, the gas water content obtained after the secondary cooling of the gas-water separation assembly is very low, the gas can directly enter the purifying equipment for drying treatment without further water removal of the gas cooler and the gas-water separator, more than two devices and pipeline connection between the devices are saved, and the height of a factory building required by the existing gas-liquid separation frame can be effectively reduced.
When the liquid level of the washing liquid in the washing and separating device for hydrogen and oxygen is too high or the pH value of the washing liquid exceeds a preset range (generally, the pH of the washing liquid is = 13), part or all of the washing liquid is released and enters a hydrogen gas-liquid separator and an oxygen gas-liquid separator, and the liquid finally converges into an electrolytic tank under the action of gravity, so that the circulation of alkali liquor of a system and the water replenishing of the system are realized.
The beneficial effects of the hydrogen production system provided by the second aspect are the same as the beneficial effects of the washing and separating device for a hydrogen production system described in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect, and are not described herein again.
In the foregoing description of embodiments, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and shall cover the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (25)

1. A washing and separating device for a hydrogen production system is characterized by comprising a shell, a washing component and a heat exchange component;
the shell is provided with a first air inlet, a first air outlet and a liquid outlet, and the first air inlet is used for introducing gas to be washed into the shell; the first air outlet is arranged above the shell;
the washing component comprises a vent pipe, one end of the vent pipe is communicated with the first air inlet, and the other end of the vent pipe extends to a position below the liquid level of the washing liquid in the shell;
the heat exchange assembly is arranged in the shell and is positioned above the washing assembly; the heat exchange assembly is provided with a plurality of heat exchange pipelines for circulating cooling media, and a circulation space for circulating the washed gas is formed between the outer walls of the plurality of heat exchange pipelines.
2. The scrubbing separation apparatus for a hydrogen generation system as described in claim 1, wherein said heat exchange assembly further comprises:
the inlet header is used for introducing and shunting the cooling medium;
the outlet header is used for collecting and outputting the cooling medium;
the heat exchange pipelines are connected to form a plurality of cooling medium flow channels, one ends of the cooling medium flow channels are communicated with the inlet header, and the other ends of the cooling medium flow channels are communicated with the outlet header.
3. The scrubbing and separating device for hydrogen generation system as defined in claim 1, wherein said heat exchange assembly further comprises fins disposed outside said heat exchange tubes along the length direction of said heat exchange tubes, said fins being continuous helical fins, or said fins being discrete fins arranged in a helical pattern.
4. The scrubbing separating device for hydrogen generation system as defined in claim 3, wherein said fins have a thickness of 0.5mm to 6mm, a spacing of 2.5mm to 30mm, and a height of 8mm to 30mm.
5. The scrubbing separation apparatus for a hydrogen generation system as defined in claim 1, wherein the axis of said heat exchange conduit is parallel to the axis of said housing; the heat exchange pipelines are arranged in parallel or in staggered arrangement.
6. The scrubbing-separating apparatus for hydrogen generation system as defined in claim 1, further comprising a gas-water separation assembly disposed within said housing and between said heat exchange assembly and said first outlet.
7. The scrubbing separation unit for a hydrogen generation system as defined in claim 1, further comprising a first baffle plate fixed to the inner wall of the housing and located at an end of the heat exchange assembly adjacent to the scrubbing liquid; the first baffle plate is provided with a first baffle plate and a second baffle plate
And a first through hole communicating with the circulation space of the thermal module.
8. The scrubbing separation unit for a hydrogen generation system as defined in claim 7, further comprising a second baffle affixed to the inner wall of the housing on a side of the first baffle remote from the scrubbing liquid; a second through hole is formed between the first baffle and the inner wall of the shell; the second baffle is provided with a third through hole communicated with the circulation space of the heat exchange assembly, a fourth through hole is formed between the second baffle and the inner wall of the shell, and the second through hole and the fourth through hole are arranged in a projection staggered mode on the first baffle.
9. The scrubbing separation unit for a hydrogen generation system as defined in claim 8, further comprising a third baffle plate fixed to the inner wall of said housing at an end of said heat exchange assembly remote from said scrubbing liquid; the third baffle is provided with a fifth through hole communicated with the circulation space of the heat exchange assembly; and a sixth through hole is formed between the third baffle and the inner wall of the shell, and the projection of the sixth through hole and the projection of the fourth through hole on the second baffle are arranged in a staggered manner.
10. The scrubbing separation unit for use in a hydrogen generation system according to claim 9, further comprising two oppositely disposed first shrouds, said first shrouds being disposed outside said heat exchange tubes, said second through-holes, said fourth through-holes, and said sixth through-holes being located between said two first shrouds.
11. The scrubbing and separating device for a hydrogen generation system as defined in claim 10, further comprising two second enclosing plates disposed opposite to each other, wherein said heat exchange conduit is disposed in an enclosed space defined by said first enclosing plate and said second enclosing plate; the first enclosing plate, the second enclosing plate and the first baffle plate form the circulating space.
12. The scrubbing-and-separating device for a hydrogen-generation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first liquid inlet is provided on the housing, and the scrubbing liquid is injected into the housing through the first liquid inlet.
13. The scrubbing-and-separating device for a hydrogen generation system as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
and the liquid level meter is arranged on the side wall of the shell and used for detecting the liquid level of the washing liquid in the shell and outputting a liquid level signal.
14. The scrubbing-and-separating device for a hydrogen generation system as defined in claim 13, further comprising a controller, wherein said level gauge is connected to said controller, and said controller is configured to control the injection or release of said scrubbing liquid into or out of said housing according to said level signal.
15. The scrubbing-and-separating apparatus for a hydrogen generation system as defined in claim 14, further comprising a pH detector disposed in said housing for detecting a pH of said scrubbing liquid and outputting said pH signal; the pH value detector is connected with the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the injection or release of the washing liquid according to the pH value.
16. The scrubbing separation device for hydrogen production system as defined in claim 1, wherein said vent pipe is opened with a vent hole, said vent hole being located in said scrubbing liquid.
17. The scrubbing-and-separating device for use in a hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein the length ratio of the scrubbing assembly to the heat exchange assembly is (2-3): 2.
18. The scrubbing-separating device for hydrogen production system according to claim 6, wherein the length ratio of the scrubbing component to the heat exchange component to the gas-water separation component is (2-3): 2 (0.8-1).
19. The scrubbing-separating device for use in a hydrogen-producing system of claim 6, wherein said gas-water separation module comprises a wire mesh mist eliminator.
20. The scrubbing separation apparatus for a hydrogen generation system as defined in claim 1, wherein the housing is cylindrical in shape.
21. The scrubbing-and-separating device for a hydrogen generation system as defined in claim 1 wherein the scrubbing liquid is a pure aqueous or aqueous alkaline solution.
22. A hydrogen production system, comprising:
a gas-liquid separation framework comprising the scrubbing-and-separating device for a hydrogen production system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 21;
and the electrolysis equipment is communicated with the washing and separating device and is used for introducing gas prepared by electrolysis into the washing and separating device.
23. The hydrogen production system according to claim 22, wherein the gas-liquid separation frame further comprises a gas-liquid separator that communicates with the electrolysis apparatus; the gas-liquid separator is provided with a second liquid inlet and a second gas outlet, and the second liquid inlet is communicated with the liquid outlet and is used for receiving the washing liquid released by the liquid outlet; the first gas inlet is communicated with the second gas outlet and used for receiving gas to be washed.
24. The hydrogen generation system according to claim 22 or 23, further comprising a purification device for drying the gas, wherein the first gas outlet of the scrubbing and separating device is in communication with the second gas inlet of the purification device.
25. A hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 23 or 24, characterized in that the electrolysis device is an alkaline water electrolysis cell.
CN202210626286.9A 2022-06-02 2022-06-02 Washing and separating device for hydrogen production system and hydrogen production system Pending CN115161706A (en)

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PCT/CN2023/072551 WO2023231421A1 (en) 2022-06-02 2023-01-17 Washing and separation device for hydrogen production system, and hydrogen production system

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