CN115161434B - Production method of low alloy steel - Google Patents
Production method of low alloy steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN115161434B CN115161434B CN202210708935.XA CN202210708935A CN115161434B CN 115161434 B CN115161434 B CN 115161434B CN 202210708935 A CN202210708935 A CN 202210708935A CN 115161434 B CN115161434 B CN 115161434B
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- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 30
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Mn] PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 21
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 7
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910006639 Si—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular oxygen Chemical compound C.O=O CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0025—Adding carbon material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and particularly relates to a production method of low alloy steel. The method comprises the following steps: smelting molten iron in a converter to obtain molten steel in the converter, wherein deoxidizing agents with corresponding weight and types are added according to the oxygen content of the molten steel in the converter to perform pre-deoxidizing treatment; deoxidizing and alloying the converter molten steel to obtain molten steel to be cast; and continuously casting the molten steel to be cast to obtain a low alloy billet. The common LF refining process in the existing low alloy steel is eliminated, and the production method for smelting the low alloy steel in a converter direct up continuous casting mode is adopted, so that the phenomena of long, complex and high cost of the production flow are avoided; the pre-deoxidation treatment process is accurately controlled, so that the use amount of the deoxidizer is reduced, the deoxidizer is saved, and the cost for deoxidizing is reduced; the method realizes accurate control, avoids later component adjustment, reduces smelting steps and shortens smelting period.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and particularly relates to a production method of low alloy steel.
Background
With the rapid development of the domestic steel industry, the requirement of users on high-end products of steel plants is higher and higher, and the efficient and low-cost production of high-quality steel has become a powerful way for the development of steel enterprises.
In order to ensure that the sulfur content in the molten steel of the low alloy steel is less than 0.010 percent, the production process is long and complex, and the production cost is high. At present, the domestic low alloy steel smelting generally adopts the following process flows: KR molten iron desulfurization, converter smelting, LF refining (calcium is carried out on molten steel) and continuous casting.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a production method of low-alloy steel, which can solve the technical problems of long production flow and high cost of the low-alloy steel.
In one aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method of producing a low alloy steel, the method comprising the steps of:
smelting molten iron in a converter to obtain molten steel in the converter, wherein deoxidizing agents with corresponding weight and types are added according to the oxygen content of the molten steel in the converter to perform pre-deoxidizing treatment;
deoxidizing and alloying the converter molten steel to obtain molten steel to be cast;
and continuously casting the molten steel to be cast to obtain a low alloy billet.
In some embodiments of the present application, the adding deoxidizer of corresponding weight and kind according to oxygen content of the converter molten steel for pre-deoxidizing treatment includes:
carbon powder and silicon carbide are selected as the deoxidizing agent;
determining the addition amount of carbon powder according to the formula (1), and determining the addition amount of silicon carbide according to the formula (2)
T＝A×0.75×X×Y×30％ (1)
G＝A×0.83×X×Y×90％ (2)；
Wherein T is the carbon powder addition amount, and G is the silicon carbide addition amount;
y is the weight of molten steel and the unit of Y is kg;
x is the oxygen content of molten steel;
a is a coefficient related to the oxygen content in the molten steel;
when X is more than 0.07%, the value of A is 1.1;
when X is 0.06% -0.07%, the value of A is 1.0;
when X is 0.05-0.06%, the value of A is 0.8;
when X is less than or equal to 0.05%, the value of A is 0.6;
carbon powder and silicon carbide are added according to the determined adding amount.
In some embodiments of the present application, the deoxidizing alloying comprises employing a deoxidizing alloy composition comprising: silicon-manganese alloy, carbon powder and silicon carbide.
In some embodiments of the present application, the deoxidizing alloying includes adding 1 to 3kg per ton of molten steel of deoxidizing alloy composition.
In some embodiments of the present application, the continuously casting the molten steel to be cast includes:
when the turnover number of the steel ladle is lower than a first preset value, continuously casting the molten steel to be cast; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
and when the temperature of the molten steel in the ladle is reduced to be lower than a second preset value, carrying out continuous casting on the molten steel to be cast.
In some embodiments of the present application, the first preset value is 4 to 5; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the second preset value is 10-15.
In some embodiments of the present application, after the molten iron is subjected to converter smelting to obtain converter molten steel, the method further includes: argon is blown to the bottom of the molten steel of the converter;
if the stirring pressure is 0.2-0.4 Mpa, the flow of the bottom blowing argon is 100-150L/min; and then carrying out soft blowing stirring, wherein the time of the soft blowing stirring is more than or equal to 6min.
In some embodiments of the present application, in the bottom blowing argon process, the method further includes: respectively controlling the argon flow at the stopper rod and the upper water port of the tundish;
the argon flow at the stopper rod is more than or equal to 5L/min, and the argon flow at the water inlet of the tundish is more than or equal to 8L/min.
In some embodiments of the present application, the converter smelting of molten iron to obtain converter molten steel includes:
and if the sulfur content of molten iron is more than 0.040%, KR desulfurization is carried out, wherein the desulfurizing agent for KR desulfurization is lime.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a low alloy steel made by the method of the first aspect.
According to the method, molten iron is subjected to converter smelting to obtain converter molten steel, and the converter molten steel is deoxidized and alloyed to obtain molten steel to be cast; the molten steel to be cast is continuously cast to obtain a low alloy steel billet, the common LF refining process in the existing low alloy steel is eliminated, and the production method of smelting the low alloy steel in a converter direct up continuous casting mode avoids the phenomena of long, complex and high cost of the production flow; in addition, according to the oxygen content of the converter molten steel in the converter smelting, deoxidizing agents with corresponding weight and types are added for pre-deoxidization treatment, so that accurate pre-deoxidization is realized, the use amount of the deoxidizing agents is reduced, the deoxidizing agents are saved, and the cost for deoxidization is reduced by accurately controlling the pre-deoxidization treatment process; the method realizes accurate control, avoids later component adjustment, reduces smelting steps and shortens smelting period.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is possible for a person skilled in the art to obtain other drawings from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method of producing a low alloy steel according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 2 illustrates an example deoxidized alloy dosing model.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application are described in detail below to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, and to further describe the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended to be illustrative of the application and are not intended to be limiting. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present application by showing examples of the present application.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises the element.
The existing low alloy steel is compared with carbon steel, one or more alloy elements are added into the steel on the basis of the carbon steel in order to improve the performance of the steel, and the low alloy steel refers to the alloy steel with the total amount of the alloy elements being less than 5 percent.
The inventor discovers that the existing low alloy steel has overlong production flow and high production cost. The production process generally adopted at home at present adopts molten iron pretreatment, converter steelmaking, LF refining, RH/VD refining and continuous casting, and the defects of the prior art include: the desulfurization of molten iron pretreatment is directly carried out without screening, and the desulfurization effect of the subsequent process is not fully utilized; LF smelting is carried out, and molten steel is heated; RH (or VD) mainly completes degassing and inclusion removal, and the process of RH smelting is not considered to be deleted, and the inclusion level is controlled through other processes to obtain clean steel.
In order to reduce the production cost of low alloy steel and the use amount of deoxidizing agent in the pre-deoxidizing process, on one hand, the LF refining process is removed, and other processes are adjusted to reduce the production cost; on the other hand, the rough treatment of the deoxidation treatment leads to larger fluctuation of oxygen content, increases the flow of the post treatment and complicates the process; according to the oxygen content of molten steel in the early stage of converter tapping, adding deoxidizer of correspondent weight and kind to implement pre-deoxidization treatment so as to implement accurate pre-deoxidization, and its deoxidization effect is basically identical to that of normal deoxidization process, but the consumption of deoxidizer and deoxidization cost can be reduced, and it can not greatly affect carburetion of molten steel.
The production method of the low alloy steel disclosed by the embodiment of the application is not suitable for high alloy steel and dehydrogenation steel types, and can be used for low alloy steel types such as HSLA300, HSLA340, HSLA380 and the like.
Based on the above considerations, in order to solve the problems of long smelting time and high cost caused in the production process of low alloy steel, the inventors have conducted intensive studies and designed a short-flow steel production method.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for producing a low alloy steel, and the method provided in the embodiments of the present application is first described below, as shown in fig. 1, and the method includes the following steps:
s1, smelting molten iron in a converter to obtain molten steel in the converter, wherein deoxidizing agents with corresponding weight and types are added according to the oxygen content of the molten steel in the converter to perform pre-deoxidization treatment;
s2, deoxidizing and alloying the converter molten steel to obtain molten steel to be cast;
s3, continuously casting the molten steel to be cast to obtain a low alloy steel billet.
According to the embodiment of the application, the converter-continuous casting short process is adopted for smelting, so that the short production process can be met, the production efficiency is effectively improved, and the production cost is reduced; can obtain steel with high cleanliness, and shortens the whole smelting period.
Notably, are: oxygen content in steel can be accurately controlled through pre-deoxidation treatment and deoxidation alloying, oxygen is an assisting force for steelmaking and is a harmful element affecting the service performance of the steel in the whole smelting process, and quality and service life of the steel are determined.
In the embodiment of the application, because the silicon manganese, the silicon iron and the like are used as deoxidizing agents and alloying elements, the operations of deoxidizing and alloying are carried out simultaneously, and are generally abbreviated as deoxidizing alloying, deoxidizing elements are added into steel to react with oxygen to produce deoxidized products insoluble in molten steel, and the required alloy is added into the steel for short as deoxidizing alloying for adjusting the content of the alloy elements in the steel to reach the component range of the steel specification; the low alloy steel grades in this application may contain elements such as manganese, silicon, niobium.
Specifically, slag can be added in the converter smelting process to carry out oxygen blowing smelting, so that the resulfurization rate of molten iron can reach 20%, the terminal temperature can be 1620-1660 ℃, the terminal carbon content can be 0.03-0.06%, and the oxygen content of molten steel in the converter can be more than 0.08%.
It should be noted that: the converter tapping can be deoxidized by adding 20-60kg of carbon powder, so that the generation of alumina can be reduced, and the traditional deoxidization mode (adding aluminum after tapping steel) is changed when the converter tapping is performed.
In the embodiment of the application, after the converter is smelted, alloy components are difficult to quickly adjust in place, the bottom blowing argon is long in time, and the soft blowing time is difficult to ensure; in order to meet the requirements of a rapid low-cost refining process, when deoxidation alloying is carried out by adjusting a deoxidation process, a converter alloy calculation mode is developed, the required components and the respective weights of the deoxidized alloy are calculated according to the target content of each component in target molten steel by collecting the content of each component in the molten steel, and an alloy addition optimal module is designed by adopting a linear programming solving mode, as shown in figure 2.
In addition, according to the embodiment of the application, the nitrogen content in the target molten steel before continuous casting can be controlled to be less than or equal to 0.0030 percent, so that the cleanliness of the molten steel is improved; and controlling the carbon content of the end point, and comprehensively controlling the carbon and oxygen volume of the converter, namely the product of the carbon content and the oxygen content in the molten steel of the smelting end point of the converter. On the premise of a certain carbon content, the oxygen content in the final molten steel is reduced as much as possible, namely the carbon-oxygen product is reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the consumption of alloy used for deoxidization in the later period, thereby reducing more inclusions formed in the deoxidization process and further reducing the smelting cost.
In some embodiments, the adding deoxidizer of corresponding weight and kind to pre-deoxidize according to oxygen content of the converter molten steel comprises:
carbon powder and silicon carbide are selected as the deoxidizing agent;
determining the addition amount of carbon powder according to the formula (1), and determining the addition amount of silicon carbide according to the formula (2)
T＝A×0.75×X×Y×30％ (1)
G＝A×0.83×X×Y×90％ (2)；
Wherein T is the carbon powder addition amount, and G is the silicon carbide addition amount;
y is the weight of molten steel and the unit of Y is kg;
x is the oxygen content of molten steel;
a is a coefficient related to the oxygen content in the molten steel;
when X is more than 0.07%, the value of A is 1.1;
when X is 0.06% -0.07%, the value of A is 1.0;
when X is 0.05-0.06%, the value of A is 0.8;
when X is less than or equal to 0.05%, the value of A is 0.6;
carbon powder and silicon carbide are added according to the determined adding amount.
In the embodiment of the application, according to the weight of molten steel, the oxygen content of the molten steel and the experience coefficient A, the addition amount of carbon powder and silicon carbide is calculated respectively, so that the purpose of accurately controlling the use amount of the deoxidizer to achieve pre-deoxidization is realized; because the carbon-oxygen balance and the metallurgical thermodynamic principle are followed in the molten steel, and according to experience, when the oxygen content of the molten steel is in different ranges, the coefficient A has different values, thereby being beneficial to realizing accurate deoxidation.
According to the embodiment of the application, the inventor sets oxygen content and corresponding coefficients for different molten steel according to actual conditions. Through a large number of experiments, the applicant verifies that the addition amount of the silicon carbide and the carbon powder is adjusted according to the coefficient corresponding to the oxygen content, so that the deoxidation is more accurate, the use amount of the deoxidizer is more accurate, and the casting blank quality is improved.
In some embodiments, the deoxidizing alloying comprises employing a deoxidizing alloy composition comprising: silicon manganese, carbon powder and silicon carbide.
According to embodiments of the present application, the silicon-manganese alloy may contain 16% silicon and 64% manganese by mass; the carbon powder can contain 95% of carbon, and the effective content of silicon carbide in the silicon carbide can be 80% -87%; meanwhile, according to the content of alloy components (comprising the content of carbon, silicon and manganese) and the oxygen content in molten steel, different weight of deoxidized alloy compositions are added.
According to the embodiment of the application, the deoxidized alloy composition has higher carbon and silicon content, so that the addition amount and burning loss amount of manganese can be effectively reduced; the compound (slag) generated by carbon, silicon and manganese has low melting point and large particles, is easy to float upwards for deslagging, and is beneficial to purifying molten steel; the utilization rate of carbon and silicon is high, and the yield of manganese is high; during molten steel smelting, deoxidized alloy can be added in one step, so that smelting time is shortened, and furnace yield is improved.
It should be noted that: before or during tapping, other Si-Mn alloy may be used for alloying, such as Si-Mn alloy, high Mn alloy or low Mn alloy, and the adding sequence of the Si-Mn alloy, high Mn alloy and low Mn alloy may be adopted.
In some embodiments, the deoxidizing alloy composition is added in an amount of 1 to 3kg per ton of molten steel.
According to the embodiment of the application, the addition amount of the deoxidized alloy is controlled to be 1-3 kg/ton of molten steel, so that clean molten steel can be obtained, meanwhile, the deoxidized alloy can be effectively deoxidized, and the oxygen content can be controlled.
In some embodiments of the present application, the continuously casting the molten steel to be cast includes:
and when the turnover number of the steel ladle is lower than a first preset value, continuously casting the molten steel to be cast.
According to the embodiment of the application, the turnover frequency of the steel ladle is lower than the first preset value, the use number of the steel ladle can be effectively reduced, the turnover efficiency is improved, and meanwhile the temperature of molten steel in the steel ladle is effectively ensured.
In some embodiments of the present application, the continuously casting the molten steel to be cast includes:
and when the temperature of the molten steel in the ladle is reduced to be lower than a second preset value, carrying out continuous casting on the molten steel to be cast.
According to the embodiment of the application, the temperature is reduced to the temperature reduction amount, the unit is the temperature, the temperature of molten steel of the ladle is controlled to be reduced to the second preset value, the temperature of molten steel in the ladle during continuous casting can be effectively ensured, and the quality of a continuous casting slab is ensured.
In some embodiments of the present application, the first preset value is 4 to 5.
According to the embodiment of the application, the number of conventional ladles is 7-8, the number of the conventional ladles is reduced to 4-5, and the turnover efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments of the present application, the second preset value is 10 to 15.
According to the embodiment of the application, the temperature reduction is controlled to be 10-15, and can be 11 ℃, 12 ℃, 13 ℃ and 14 ℃; if the control can be better, the second preset value can be 1 ℃, 2 ℃, 3 ℃, 4 ℃, 5 ℃, 6 ℃, 7 ℃, 8 ℃, 9 ℃ and the like, the initial temperature of the previous working procedure can be adjusted, the temperature drop in the ladle transferring process can be accurately controlled, and the temperature of molten steel in continuous casting is ensured.
According to the embodiment of the application, the period from the tapping of the conventional slab line converter to the continuous casting start-up can be shortened from 90 minutes to 60 minutes by controlling the temperature reduction and the ladle turnover number, so that the smelting period is shortened.
In some embodiments, after the molten iron is subjected to converter smelting to obtain converter molten steel, the method further comprises: argon is blown to the bottom of the molten steel of the converter;
if the stirring pressure is 0.2-0.4 Mpa, the flow of the bottom blowing argon is 100-150L/min; and then carrying out soft blowing stirring, wherein the time of the soft blowing stirring is more than or equal to 6min.
According to the embodiment of the application, the stirring pressure is 0.2-0.4 Mpa, and the generated strong stirring can lead slag to be involved in molten steel, so that the molten steel can not reach the cleaning standard, and the cleaning standard can be controlledThe flow of the bottom blowing argon is 100-150L/min, so that the inclusion in the molten steel brought by slag liquid surface slag coiling during strong stirring can be fully floated; simultaneously carrying out soft blowing stirring, prolonging soft blowing stirring time, keeping the rest time at least 15min after soft blowing, and reducing Al 2 O 3 And (3) comprehensively controlling the cleanliness of the molten steel.
According to the embodiment of the application, white slag is not produced in the process of bottom blowing argon, 400-600 kg lime is added in the tapping process for slag washing, and the components for obtaining the ladle top slag comprise: caO:50% -60% of SiO 2 ≤15％、Al 2 O 3 : 20-30% of synthetic slag with TFe less than or equal to 5%, and can properly increase the lime consumption and reduce the generation of new Al by the steel slag reaction in the continuous casting process 2 O 3 Inclusion ensures that the continuous casting stopper rod does not rise.
According to the embodiment of the application, when argon is blown at the bottom, deoxidized alloy is added to adjust the components of molten steel, and after the components are qualified, the continuous casting pouring can be performed without performing calcium treatment, wherein the treatment time is controlled within 20 minutes; the molten steel is not desulfurized to an argon station, the conventional process flow calcium treatment process is canceled, the sulfur content of the finished product can be less than or equal to 0.020%, then the continuous casting is directly carried out, the argon flow of the continuous casting nozzle is improved, the blockage is reduced, and the continuous casting nozzle is ensured to be blocked and controlled.
In some embodiments, during the bottom blowing argon, the method further comprises: respectively controlling the argon flow at the stopper rod and the upper water port of the tundish;
the argon flow at the stopper rod is more than or equal to 5L/min, and the argon flow at the water inlet of the tundish is more than or equal to 8L/min.
In the embodiment of the application, through implementation of the measures, the rising of the nozzle blocking stopper rod can be reduced.
In some embodiments, the converter smelting of molten iron to obtain converter molten steel includes:
and if the sulfur content of molten iron is more than 0.040%, KR desulfurization is carried out, wherein the desulfurizing agent for KR desulfurization is lime.
According to the embodiment of the application, the desulfurization process for molten iron is a shallow desulfurization process, which can properly reduce the sulfur content of molten iron smelted in a converter and reduce the desulfurization pressure of the subsequent process, so that the sulfur content in molten iron is less than or equal to 0.02%, and the sulfur content in finished products is ensured to meet the standard requirement, if the sulfur content does not meet the standard requirement, the inclusion is increased, and the cost is increased.
According to the embodiment of the application, lime can be added for stirring desulfurization, and the shallow desulfurization process is completed when the sulfur content of molten iron is controlled below 0.040%.
It should be noted that: if the sulfur content of molten iron is 0.02% -0.040%, desulfurization can be carried out in both converter smelting and bottom blowing argon, and the shallow desulfurization process of KR desulfurization is not needed, so that the sulfur content in the finished product reaches the standard requirement.
According to the embodiment of the application, KR desulfurization can also control the molten iron inlet temperature to be more than or equal to 1280 ℃, can control the outlet S to be less than or equal to 0.02% after KR desulfurization, and the desulfurization slag scraping purity after KR desulfurization is more than 80%.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a low alloy steel made by the method of the first aspect.
The following examples more particularly describe the disclosure of the present application, which are intended as illustrative only, since numerous modifications and variations within the scope of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Unless otherwise indicated, all parts, percentages, and ratios reported in the examples below are by weight, and all reagents used in the examples are commercially available or were obtained synthetically according to conventional methods and can be used directly without further treatment, and the instruments used in the examples are commercially available.
Example 1
The embodiment of the application provides a production method of low alloy steel, which comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting molten iron in a converter to obtain molten steel in the converter, wherein deoxidizing agents with corresponding weight and types are matched according to the oxygen content of the molten steel in the converter to perform pre-deoxidizing treatment;
s2, deoxidizing and alloying after the converter;
s3, carrying out post continuous casting to obtain the low alloy steel billet.
Smelting low alloy steel in a converter direct up continuous casting mode, wherein the brand HSLA300 is calculated according to mass fraction, sulfur content in molten steel of the converter is 0.045%, KR is added to remove sulfur to 0.018%, molten iron is transferred to the converter for smelting, the temperature of molten steel at the end point of the converter is 1645 ℃, the end point oxygen is 0.065%, the molten steel is 216 tons, the converter adopts step deoxidization alloying, carbon powder is added by 32kg, silicon carbide is 105kg, silicon and manganese alloy pre-deoxidization alloying are added in the tapping process, al final deoxidization alloying element is added on the slag surface after the tapping is finished, the slag surface is once adjusted to be in place, calcium treatment is not carried out, soft blowing is carried out for 7 minutes, soft blowing flow is 120L/min, argon station treatment time is 18 minutes, molten steel components after alloying in an argon station are carbon of 0.04%, silicon of 0.03%, manganese of 0.29%, aluminum of 0.025%, sulfur of 0.010%, niobium of 0.012%, the continuous casting number of the molten steel reaches 12, and nitrogen content in the tundish molten steel is 0.0026%.
In the pre-deoxidation process, the deoxidizer dosage comprises carbon powder and silicon carbide;
the calculation mode of the carbon powder addition amount is as follows: t=1×0.75×0.065% × 216000 ×30% (1);
the calculation mode of the silicon carbide addition amount is as follows:
G＝1×0.83×0.065％×216000×90％ (2)；
wherein T is the carbon powder addition amount, and G is the silicon carbide addition amount;
y is the weight of molten steel and the unit of Y is kg;
x is the oxygen content of molten steel;
a is a coefficient related to the oxygen content in the molten steel;
when X is more than 0.07%, the value of A is 1.1;
when X is 0.06% -0.07%, the value of A is 1.0;
when X is 0.05-0.06%, the value of A is 0.8;
when X is less than or equal to 0.05%, the value of A is 0.6;
example 2
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
smelting low alloy steel in a converter direct up continuous casting mode, wherein the brand HSLA340 comprises, by mass fraction, 0.045% of sulfur content in molten steel of the converter, KR is added to remove sulfur to 0.018%, molten iron is transferred to the converter for smelting, the temperature of molten iron at the end point of the converter is 1645 ℃, the oxygen content is 0.078%, the molten steel is 219 tons, the molten steel contains 0.04% of carbon, 0.040% of silicon, 0.30% of manganese, 0.025% of aluminum, 0.008% of sulfur, 0.025% of niobium, and the converter adopts step deoxidization alloying, 42kg of carbon powder and 138kg of silicon carbide are added in the tapping process, pre-deoxidization alloying of silicon and manganese alloy is added in the tapping process, al final deoxidization alloying element is added on the slag surface after tapping, the tapping is finished, and once and is adjusted to be in place, no calcium treatment is carried out, the soft blowing is carried out for 7 minutes, the soft blowing flow rate is 125L/min, the station treatment time is 20 minutes, the continuous casting number reaches 12, and the nitrogen content in the tundish molten steel is 0.0024%.
In the pre-deoxidation process, the deoxidizer dosage comprises carbon powder and silicon carbide;
the calculation mode of the carbon powder addition amount is as follows:
T＝1.1×0.75×0.078％×219000×30％ (1)；
the calculation mode of the silicon carbide addition amount is as follows: g=1.1×0.83×0.078% × 219000 ×90% (2).
Example 3
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
smelting low alloy steel in a converter direct up continuous casting mode, wherein the brand HSLA380 comprises 0.042% of sulfur content, 0.064% of oxygen content, 1638 ℃ of converter end point temperature and 214 tons of molten steel, the converter adopts step deoxidization alloying, 31kg of carbon powder and 102kg of silicon carbide are added, the silicon and manganese series alloy is added in the tapping process for pre-deoxidization alloying, al final deoxidization alloy elements are added on the slag surface after the argon blowing after the tapping is finished, the slag surface is once adjusted to be in place, calcium treatment is not carried out, soft blowing is carried out for 8 minutes, the soft blowing flow is 120L/min, the argon station treatment time is 23 minutes, the molten steel components after the argon station alloying comprise 0.062% of carbon, 0.038% of silicon, 0.38% of manganese, 0.029% of aluminum, 0.012% of sulfur, 0.042% of niobium, and the nitrogen content in the tundish molten steel is 0.0023%.
In the pre-deoxidation process, the deoxidizer dosage comprises carbon powder and silicon carbide;
the calculation mode of the carbon powder addition amount is as follows:
T＝1.0×0.75×0.064％×214000×30％ (1)；
the calculation mode of the silicon carbide addition amount is as follows: g=1.0×0.83×0.064% ×214000×90% (2).
Example 4
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
smelting low alloy steel in a converter direct up continuous casting mode, namely, smelting the low alloy steel in a brand HSLA380 in the converter direct up continuous casting mode, wherein the sulfur content in molten steel of the converter is 0.052%, the oxygen content is 0.055%, the end temperature of the converter is 1638 ℃, the molten steel amount is 217 tons, the converter adopts step deoxidization alloying, 21kg of carbon powder and 71kg of silicon carbide are added into the converter, the silicon and manganese alloy are added into the converter in the tapping process for pre-deoxidization alloying, the Al final deoxidization alloy element is added into the slag surface after the tapping is finished, the slag surface is once adjusted to be in place, the slag surface is not subjected to calcium treatment, the slag surface is subjected to soft blowing for 8 minutes, the soft blowing flow rate is 120L/min, the argon station treatment time is 25 minutes, the molten steel components after the slag surface is alloyed in the argon station are 0.065%, the silicon content is 0.03%, the manganese content is 0.45%, the aluminum content is 0.030%, the sulfur content is 0.011%, the niobium content is 0.045%, and the nitrogen content in the tundish molten steel is 0.0029%.
In the pre-deoxidation process, the deoxidizer dosage comprises carbon powder and silicon carbide;
the calculation mode of the carbon powder addition amount is as follows:
T＝0.8×0.75×0.055％×217000×30％ (1)；
the calculation mode of the silicon carbide addition amount is as follows: g=0.8×0.83×0.055% × 217000 ×90% (2).
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the smelting of low alloy steel generally adopts the following technological processes: KR molten iron desulfurization, converter smelting, LF refining, continuous casting, and then calcium treatment of molten steel.
The brand HSLA300, the molten steel of the converter is 0.045%, the oxygen is 0.065%, the end temperature of the converter is 1604 ℃, the molten steel amount is 216 tons, the converter adopts step deoxidization alloying, silicon and manganese alloy is added in the tapping process for pre-deoxidization alloying, the molten steel is heated up to a refining furnace for 55 minutes, the molten steel is alloyed in an argon station, the components of the molten steel after alloying are 0.05% of carbon, 0.035% of silicon, 0.27% of manganese, 0.026% of aluminum, 0.003% of sulfur, 0.014% of niobium, and the nitrogen content in the tundish molten steel is 0.0044%.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that: the smelting of low alloy steel generally adopts the following technological processes: KR molten iron desulfurization, converter smelting, LF refining, continuous casting, and then calcium treatment of molten steel. The brand HSLA380, the molten steel of the converter is 0.041%, the oxygen is 0.068%, the end temperature of the converter is 1609 ℃, the molten steel amount is 217 tons, the converter adopts step deoxidization alloying, silicon and manganese alloy is added in the tapping process for pre-deoxidization alloying, the molten steel is heated up to a refining furnace for 52 minutes, the molten steel is alloyed in an argon station, the molten steel contains 0.05% of carbon, 0.02% of silicon, 0.29% of manganese, 0.027% of aluminum, 0.004% of sulfur, 0.023% of niobium, 0.0014% of calcium, and the nitrogen content in the tundish molten steel is 0.0048%.
The production flows of the examples and the comparative examples were recorded and tested by comparing the smelting time and the method, and the measured results are shown in table 2.
The scheme of example 1 is about 5 ten thousand t from the implementation day, the quality is ensured, and the production period is saved by more than 30 minutes compared with the prior process of comparative example 1. The cost is reduced according to 48 yuan/t molten steel calculation, and the direct saving is as follows: about 50000 tons by 48 yuan = 240 ten thousand per year.
The steel finished products smelted by the production method can completely meet the requirements of carbon, silicon, manganese, sulfur and aluminum elements, and most importantly, the production method is a short-flow process, adopts shallow desulfurization to complete the desulfurization task in the KR process, greatly reduces the deep desulfurization and calcium treatment cost of LF refining, and creates remarkable economic benefits.
In the foregoing, only the specific embodiments of the present application are described, and it will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, modules and units described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein. It should be understood that the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, which are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method of producing a low alloy steel, the method comprising the steps of:
smelting molten iron in a converter to obtain molten steel in the converter, wherein deoxidizing agents with corresponding weight and types are added according to the oxygen content of the molten steel in the converter to perform pre-deoxidizing treatment; the pre-deoxidizing treatment by adding deoxidizing agent with corresponding weight and type according to the oxygen content of the converter molten steel comprises the following steps:
carbon powder and silicon carbide are selected as the deoxidizing agent;
determining the addition amount of carbon powder according to the formula (1), and determining the addition amount of silicon carbide according to the formula (2)
T＝A×0.75×X×Y×30％ (1)
G＝A×0.83×X×Y×90％ (2)；
Wherein T is the carbon powder addition amount, and G is the silicon carbide addition amount;
y is the weight of molten steel and the unit of Y is kg;
x is the oxygen content of molten steel;
a is a coefficient related to the oxygen content in the molten steel;
when X is more than 0.07%, the value of A is 1.1;
when X is 0.06% -0.07%, the value of A is 1.0;
when X is more than or equal to 0.05 percent and less than 0.06 percent, the value of A is 0.8;
when X is less than 0.05%, the value of A is 0.6;
adding carbon powder and silicon carbide according to the determined adding amount;
deoxidizing and alloying the converter molten steel to obtain molten steel to be cast;
and continuously casting the molten steel to be cast to obtain a low alloy billet.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the position of the substrate comprises,
the deoxidizing alloying includes employing a deoxidizing alloy composition comprising: silicon-manganese alloy, carbon powder and silicon carbide.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of determining the position of the substrate comprises,
the deoxidizing alloying includes adding 1 to 3 kg/ton of molten steel of deoxidizing alloy composition.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the continuously casting the molten steel to be cast comprises:
when the turnover number of the steel ladle is lower than a first preset value, continuously casting the molten steel to be cast; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
and when the temperature of the molten steel in the ladle is reduced to be lower than a second preset value, carrying out continuous casting on the molten steel to be cast.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of determining the position of the first electrode is performed,
the first preset value is 4-5; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the second preset value is 10-15.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the position of the substrate comprises,
after the molten iron is smelted in a converter to obtain the molten steel in the converter, the method further comprises the following steps: argon is blown to the bottom of the molten steel of the converter;
if the stirring pressure is 0.2-0.4 MPa, the flow rate of the bottom blowing argon is 100-150L/min; and then carrying out soft blowing stirring, wherein the time of the soft blowing stirring is more than or equal to 6min.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of providing the first layer comprises,
in the bottom argon blowing process, the method further comprises the following steps: respectively controlling the argon flow at the stopper rod and the upper water port of the tundish;
the argon flow at the stopper rod is more than or equal to 5L/min, and the argon flow at the water inlet of the tundish is more than or equal to 8L/min.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the position of the substrate comprises,
the method comprises the steps of smelting molten iron in a converter to obtain molten steel in the converter, wherein the steps include:
and if the sulfur content of molten iron is more than 0.040%, KR desulfurization is carried out, wherein the desulfurizing agent for KR desulfurization is lime.
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