CN115161097A - Preparation method of three-in-one bridge oil for electric automobile - Google Patents
Preparation method of three-in-one bridge oil for electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
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- C10M2209/086—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid
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- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of three-in-one bridge oil for an electric automobile. The bridge oil comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 80-95% of base oil, 3-10% of bridge lubricating oil complexing agent, 0.1-1% of pour point depressant, 1-8% of viscosity index improver, 0.001-0.1% of anti-foaming agent and 0.1-1% of antioxidant. The preparation method comprises the following steps: heating the base oil to 50-60 ℃, sequentially adding the bridge lubricating oil complexing agent, the pour point depressant, the viscosity index improver and the antioxidant, uniformly mixing, stirring for 1-2 h under heat preservation, adding the antifoaming agent, and stirring for 10-20 min under heat preservation. The invention compounds the base oil, the bridge lubricating oil complexing agent, the pour point depressant, the viscosity index improver, the anti-foaming agent and the antioxidant with specific types and specific dosage to blend the three-in-one bridge oil for the electric automobile with excellent electrical property, thermal property, mechanical property, lubricating and wear-resisting properties and material compatibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lubrication of power systems of electric automobiles, in particular to a preparation method of three-in-one bridge oil for an electric automobile.
Background
With the establishment and implementation of global carbon peak and carbon neutralization targets, new energy automobiles are in explosive growth. The new energy automobile can be divided into an extended-range hybrid electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle and a pure electric vehicle according to different vehicle structures, energy sources and driving modes. The driving mode of a traditional automobile is generally a driving mode that an engine generates mechanical energy by burning fuel, the mechanical energy is transmitted to a front axle and a rear axle through gearboxes (a planet carrier-hydraulic torque converter automatic gearbox AT, a continuously variable automatic gearbox CVT, a double-clutch automatic gearbox DCT and a gear mechanical gearbox MT), and then power is transmitted to wheels. The new energy automobile adopts the motor drive to become the best choice due to the existence of the energy storage battery, so that a great amount of energy loss in the power transmission process of the mechanical gear can be saved, and the motor drive can control the rotating speed of the motor through current. So that the need for different speeds can generally be achieved without the use of a transmission. Of course, with the advance of technology, the speed reducer is also gradually used for new energy automobiles to realize the control and comfort of vehicles with different speeds. The driving motor and the speed reducer need corresponding electronic control systems, the electronic control systems generally match the electric signals of a driving computer with the opening and closing of corresponding valve bodies, and the opening and closing of the valve bodies and the opening and closing degree are controlled through the matching of oil pressure and the electric signals, which is consistent with the control systems of traditional automobiles.
Due to the difference between the driving motor and the transmission system of the traditional vehicle, the lubricating oil liquid of the driving motor is also different. The traditional vehicle model generally focuses on solving the performance in the aspects of lubrication, cooling and the like, and the electric drive system needs to consider the electric performance.
The motor is divided into a stator and a rotor. The permanent magnet motor takes a coil as a stator, and the key part of the permanent magnet motor has high copper content and is made of new materials (protective paint and the like); the permanent magnet rotor loses magnetic force at high temperature, and cooling is critical to safe operation. Conventional vehicles typically employ different fluids and paths for lubrication and cooling, such as oil and coolant. At present, oil direct cooling systems (parts needing cooling are directly soaked in oil) are developed and used in large quantities in the market, so that one set of oil system shared by lubrication and cooling can be adopted, an oil pan and a pipeline design are saved, and integration and modularization of all parts are facilitated.
With the emergence of the direct cooling mode of fluid, each producer also began to consider to integrate driving motor, reduction gear, electronic control system in an organic whole, that is the trinity electric bridge of this technique.
At present, the traditional gearbox oil (mainly ATF) is mainly adopted in the lubricating and cooling scheme aiming at the three-in-one electric bridge on the market, but the traditional gearbox oil has more obvious defects in the aspects of electrical property, oxidation resistance and component compatibility, and the scheme is as follows:
first, electric drive places extremely high demands on oil compatibility. The drive motor main components contain a large amount of copper wire, which can lead to catastrophic failure if copper corrosion occurs. Corrosion of copper parts and conductive deposits can lead to short circuits, vehicle malfunction, shut down, etc. Therefore, a good quality of bridge oil is required to prevent the aging of copper parts and the formation of deposits, and to prevent the corrosion of copper wires and the vapor phase corrosion of copper parts. In addition, there is a higher demand for compatibility of oil with coatings, paints, plastics, etc. of parts.
Secondly, traditional fluid can't satisfy the requirement of new forms of energy vehicle to fluid electrical property. For an electric drive system, the electrical properties of the corresponding oil, such as resistivity, impedance, dielectric constant, breakdown voltage and the like, are of great importance. Generally, as the service time advances, the oil product will age gradually, the corresponding electrical properties will change greatly, and the aging resistance or aging process of the oil product needs to pay attention to the influence of the electrical properties.
Third, cooling capacity. The traditional lubricating oil generally plays a role in lubrication protection, has relatively low requirements on the cooling performance, is mainly cooled by a special cooling system, and can only play an auxiliary cooling role. The three-in-one bridge oil is required to have excellent cooling performance due to the combination of the lubrication and the cooling system. The heat conductivity, specific heat capacity, oxidation stability, fluidity, etc. of the oil product all have important influence on the cooling performance. Therefore, the development of three-in-one bridge oil with excellent comprehensive performance special for electric vehicles is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of three-in-one bridge oil for an electric automobile, and the bridge oil has excellent electrical property, thermal property, mechanical property, lubricating and wear-resisting properties and material compatibility, and is wide in application. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides three-in-one bridge oil for an electric vehicle, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 80-95% of base oil, 3-10% of bridge lubricating oil complexing agent, 0.1-1% of pour point depressant, 1-8% of viscosity index improver, 0.001-0.1% of anti-foaming agent and 0.1-1% of antioxidant.
Further, the base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 1.0mm at 100 ℃ 2 /s-10.0mm 2 A synthetic oil per second.
Preferably, the synthetic oil is selected from one or more of AD3CST, AD4CST, AD6CST, ARAMCO ULTRA3, ARAMCO ULTRA4, sinocure 3, sinocure 4, sinocure 6, GS4, GS6, YUBASE 4, riselax 415, riselax 420, spectraSyn4, spectraSyn6, durasyn164, durasyn 126.
Further, the bridge lubricating oil complexing agent is HiTEC35701.
Further, the pour point depressant is selected from at least one of fumarate and vinyl acetate copolymer, maleate, acrylate and vinyl acetate copolymer and polymethacrylate.
Preferably, the pour point depressant is selected from one or more of VISCOPLEX1-248, PPT-248, T-808A, T-808B, T-268, SCR-248 and TF 248.
Further, the viscosity index improver is at least one selected from polymethacrylate, ethylene-propylene copolymer and hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer.
Preferably, the viscosity index improver is selected from one or more of VISCOPLEX12-095, VISCOPLEX 12-292, PARATONE 8900E, SV.
Further, the antifoaming agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of methyl silicone oil, methyl silicone oil ester, polyacrylate compounds and composite antifoaming agents.
Preferably, the antifoaming agent is selected from one or more of T-901, T-903, PX3841 and HQT 90902.
Further, the antioxidant is selected from 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl mixed phenol, N-phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, alkyl diphenylamine, benzotriazole derivative, thiadiazole derivative, octyl/butyl diphenylamine, hindered phenol antioxidant and aromatic amine antioxidant.
Preferably, the antioxidant is selected from one or more of T-501, T-502A, T-531, T-551, T-561, POUPC 7001 and RIANOX L57.
Preferably, the three-in-one bridge oil for the electric automobile comprises the following components in parts by weight: risellax415:50.3%, AD6CST:40.1%, hiTEC35701:5.5%, VISCOPLEX12-095:3.5%, VISCOPLEX1-248:0.3%, T-561:0.3%, T-901:100ppm.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of three-in-one bridge oil for an electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps: heating the base oil to 50-60 ℃, sequentially adding the bridge lubricating oil complexing agent, the pour point depressant, the viscosity index improver and the antioxidant, mixing uniformly, keeping the temperature and stirring for 1-2 h, adding the anti-foaming agent, and keeping the temperature and stirring for 10-20 min.
The invention prepares the three-in-one bridge oil for the electric automobile with excellent electrical property, thermal property, mechanical property, lubricating and wear-resisting properties and material compatibility by compounding the base oil, the bridge lubricating oil complexing agent, the pour point depressant, the viscosity index improver, the anti-foaming agent and the antioxidant with specific types and specific dosage, wherein the electrical property is that the electrical conductivity can be basically kept unchanged when the temperature is lower than 80 ℃, and when the temperature is 110-170 ℃, the increase rate of the electrical conductivity is controlled to be 1000 Ps/m/DEG C and is obviously lower than that of the existing bridge lubricating product. The thermal performance is represented by excellent heat capacity and heat conduction efficiency, and the bridge oil is proved to have the specific heat capacity and the heat conduction efficiency which are remarkably superior to those of the existing commercial bridge lubricating products in the range of 30-150 ℃. In addition, the bridge oil showed excellent results in 4 ball maximum no-seize load, 4 ball wear, FZG low speed gear wear, FE8 bearing wear (roller) tests. In a D130 copper corrosion test for prolonging the test time, the bridge oil has excellent copper corrosion resistance, and the performance is more obvious than the prior oil product in comparison with the performance of the bridge oil along with the advancement of time. The bridge oil can be used for a pure electric automobile three-in-one bridge, can also be applied to lubrication and cooling of a non-integrated motor and a single-stage/multi-stage speed reducer, is wide in application and has great market value and potential.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing conductivity measurements of bridge oil of example 1 of the present invention and 2 commercial products.
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing conductivity measurements before and after oxidation of the bridge oil of example 1 of the present invention and 2 commercial products.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the specific heat capacity test curves of bridge oil of example 1 of the present invention and the existing 2 commercial products.
FIG. 4 is a comparison of thermal conductivity test curves for bridge oil of example 1 of the present invention and 2 commercially available products.
Detailed Description
HiTEC35701 adopted by the invention is purchased from Yafuton chemical company; synthetic oil AD series were purchased from abbazar; the ARAMCO ULTRA series were purchased from Dowanese Korea; the SINOPURE series is purchased from radix Ilicis Amurensis; the GS series was purchased from Korean GS; YUBASE series were purchased from SK in korea; the Risella series were purchased from Shell; the SpectraSyn series was purchased from Exxon Mobil; the Durasyn series was purchased from the british. VISCOPLEX series of pour point depressant, antifoaming agent, viscosity index improver and antioxidant are purchased from Woodfrog; PPT model and T series are purchased from New Yong Jinzhou; SCR model purchased from Shenyang great wall; TF type was purchased from Hebei Tuifu; VISCOPLEX series purchased from Yingying wound; PARATONE model is available from Chevrolet; SV model is purchased from Runjing Union; PX model was purchased from exxonmobil; HQT model shenzhen hong qing tai; POUCP model was purchased from the Peking Pacific Association; the RIANOX model is available from Lei An Long.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that those whose specific conditions are not specified in the examples are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturers. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments thereof to assist those skilled in the art in providing a more complete, accurate and thorough understanding of the inventive concept and aspects thereof, and the scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the following examples, and any modifications in the details and form of the technical aspects thereof that fall within the spirit and scope of the present application are intended to be included therein.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a three-in-one electric bridge oil (ETF) for electric vehicles and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composition of the three-in-one electric bridge oil for electric vehicles is shown in table 1, the test results of mechanical properties and abrasion resistance are shown in table 2, the electrical conductivity of an oil product changes with temperature as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the specific heat capacity of the oil product changes with temperature as shown in fig. 3, and the thermal conductivity of the oil product at different temperatures is shown in fig. 4. The preparation method comprises the following steps: heating the base oil to 55 +/-1 ℃, sequentially adding the bridge lubricating oil complexing agent, the pour point depressant, the viscosity index improver and the antioxidant, mixing uniformly, keeping the temperature and stirring for 2 hours, adding the antifoaming agent, keeping the temperature and stirring for 15 minutes.
Table 1 electric vehicle three-in-one bridge oil composition of example 1
| Substance(s) | Components | Percentage by weight (%) |
| Base oil | Risella X415 | 50.3 |
| Base oil | AD 6 CST | 40.1 |
| Electric bridge lubricating oil compound agent | HiTEC 35701 | 5.5 |
| Viscosity index improver | VISCOPLEX 12-095 | 3.5 |
| Pour point depressant | VISCOPLEX 1-248 | 0.3 |
| Antioxidant agent | T-561 | 0.3 |
| Anti-foaming agent | T-901 | 100ppm |
Table 2 test results of three-in-one bridge oil performance of electric vehicle in embodiment 1
Note: a and B in fig. 1-4 are the existing commercial transmission fluid ATF6 of table 2 from different 2 major enterprises.
The data in table 2 in conjunction with fig. 1-4 show that the electrical conductivity of the bridge oil obtained in this example can be substantially maintained at temperatures below 80 ℃ and is comparable to that of the existing commercial transmission oil; when the temperature is 110-170 ℃, the conductivity increase rate is controlled to be 1000 Ps/m/DEG C, which is obviously lower than that of the existing bridge lubrication product (ATF 6). In addition, in the new oil state, the conductivity of ETF and commercial product a both showed a trend of increasing with temperature, and ETF was slightly lower than a. Compared with the old oil after DKA oxidation (170 ℃,192 h), the old ETF oil is slightly increased compared with the new oil, but the old oil after A oxidation rapidly rises compared with the new oil, and exceeds 600000pS/m at 170 ℃. (fresh means new oil, post oxidation means after oxidation).
In terms of thermal performance, the bridge oil of the embodiment has a specific heat capacity and heat transfer efficiency which are significantly better than those of the existing commercial bridge lubricating products A and B in the range of 30-150 ℃.
The bridge oil of the embodiment shows excellent results in the mechanical property and the wear resistance in the 4-ball maximum non-seizing load, 4-ball abrasion, FZG low-speed gear abrasion and FE8 bearing abrasion (roller) tests. In a D130 copper corrosion test for prolonging the test time, the bridge oil has excellent copper corrosion resistance, and the performance is more obvious than the advantages of the prior oil A and the prior oil B along with the advancement of time.
EXAMPLE 2
The present embodiment provides a three-in-one bridge oil (ETF) for electric vehicles and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composition of the three-in-one bridge oil for electric vehicles is shown in table 3, and the test results of mechanical properties and abrasion resistance are shown in table 4. The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Table 3 electric vehicle three-in-one bridge oil composition of embodiment 2
| Substance(s) | Components | Percentage by weight (%) |
| Base oil | SINOPURE 3 | 47.7 |
| Base oil | Durasyn 126 | 43 |
| Electric bridge lubricating oil compound agent | HiTEC 35701 | 5.5 |
| Viscosity index improver | VISCOPLEX 12-292 | 3.2 |
| Pour point depressant | SCR-248 | 0.3 |
| Antioxidant agent | POUPC 7001 | 0.2 |
| Antioxidant agent | T-501 | 0.1 |
| Anti-foaming agent | T-901 | 50ppm |
| Anti-foaming agent | T-903 | 50ppm |
Table 4 test results of three-in-one bridge oil performance of electric vehicle in embodiment 2
EXAMPLE 3
The embodiment provides three-in-one bridge oil (ETF) for an electric vehicle and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composition of the ETF is shown in Table 5, and the test results of mechanical properties and abrasion resistance are shown in Table 6. The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Table 5 electric vehicle three-in-one bridge oil composition of embodiment 3
| Substance(s) | Components | Percentage by weight (%) |
| Base oil | Risella X420 | 89.9 |
| Electric bridge lubricating oil compound agent | HiTEC 35701 | 5.5 |
| Viscosity index improver | VISCOPLEX 12-095 | 4 |
| Pour point depressant | VISCOPLEX 1-248 | 0.3 |
| Antioxidant agent | T-551 | 0.2 |
| Antioxidant agent | T-561 | 0.1 |
| Anti-foaming agent | PX3841 | 50ppm |
| Anti-foaming agent | T-901 | 50ppm |
Table 6 test results of three-in-one bridge oil performance of electric vehicle in embodiment 3
EXAMPLE 4
The present embodiment provides a three-in-one bridge oil (ETF) for electric vehicles and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composition of the three-in-one bridge oil for electric vehicles is shown in table 7, and the test results of mechanical properties and abrasion resistance are shown in table 8. The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Table 7 electric vehicle three-in-one bridge oil composition of embodiment 4
Table 8 test results of three-in-one bridge oil performance of electric vehicle in embodiment 4
In conclusion, the base oil, the bridge lubricating oil complexing agent, the pour point depressant, the viscosity index improver, the anti-foaming agent and the antioxidant in specific types and specific amounts are compounded to prepare the three-in-one bridge oil for the electric automobile, which has excellent electrical property, thermal property, mechanical property, lubricating and wear-resisting property and material compatibility.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile trinity electric bridge oil which characterized in that: comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 80-95% of base oil, 3-10% of bridge lubricating oil complexing agent, 0.1-1% of pour point depressant, 1-8% of viscosity index improver, 0.001-0.1% of anti-foaming agent and 0.1-1% of antioxidant.
2. The three-in-one bridge oil for the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 1.0mm at 100 DEG C 2 /s-10.0mm 2 Synthetic oil per second.
3. The three-in-one bridge oil for the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the synthetic oil is selected from AD3CST, AD4CST, AD6CST, ARAMCOULTRA3, ARAMCO ULTRA4, SINOPURE3, SINOPURE4, SINOPURE6, GS4, GS6, YUBASASE
4. One or more of Riselax 415, riselax 420, spectraSyn4, spectraSyn6, durasyn164, and Durasyn 126.
4. The three-in-one bridge oil for the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the bridge lubricating oil complexing agent is HiTEC35701.
5. The three-in-one bridge oil for the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the pour point depressant is at least one selected from fumarate and vinyl acetate copolymer, maleate, acrylate and vinyl acetate copolymer and polymethacrylate.
6. The three-in-one bridge oil for the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the viscosity index improver is at least one selected from polymethacrylate, ethylene-propylene copolymer and hydrogenated styrene-diene copolymer.
7. The three-in-one bridge oil for the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the antifoaming agent is at least one selected from methyl silicone oil, methyl silicone oil ester, polyacrylate compounds and composite antifoaming agents.
8. The three-in-one bridge oil for the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the antioxidant is at least one selected from 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl mixed phenol, N-phenyl-alpha naphthylamine, alkyl diphenylamine, benzotriazole derivatives, thiadiazole derivatives, octyl/butyl diphenylamine, hindered phenol antioxidants and aromatic amine antioxidants.
9. The three-in-one bridge oil for the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the electric automobile three-in-one bridge oil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50.3%, AD6CST:40.1%, hiTEC35701:5.5%, VISCOPLEX12-095:3.5%, VISCOPLEX1-248:0.3%, T-561:0.3%, T-901:100ppm.
10. The method for preparing three-in-one bridge oil for electric vehicles of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: heating the base oil to 50-60 ℃, sequentially adding the bridge lubricating oil complexing agent, the pour point depressant, the viscosity index improver and the antioxidant, uniformly mixing, stirring for 1-2 h under heat preservation, adding the antifoaming agent, and stirring for 10-20 min under heat preservation.
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