CN115160041A - Process for reducing odor emission in livestock and poultry manure composting process and organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Process for reducing odor emission in livestock and poultry manure composting process and organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN115160041A CN115160041A CN202210825997.9A CN202210825997A CN115160041A CN 115160041 A CN115160041 A CN 115160041A CN 202210825997 A CN202210825997 A CN 202210825997A CN 115160041 A CN115160041 A CN 115160041A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for reducing odor emission in a livestock and poultry manure composting process and an organic fertilizer, belonging to the field of composting, and comprising the following steps of S1, cutting hollow straws, and mixing and stacking the cut hollow straws with livestock and poultry manure in the livestock and poultry manure stacking process; s2, regularly spraying a first deodorant solution onto the accumulated livestock and poultry manure, wherein in the spraying process, the first deodorant solution is sprayed above the livestock and poultry manure in an atomization mode, and the spraying range of the first deodorant solution covers the whole livestock and poultry manure; s3, spraying a second deodorant solution within 1.5-2.5 hours after the first deodorant solution is sprayed, aiming at the surfaces of livestock and poultry manure in the spraying process, so that the pyroligneous solution diluted by 1.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of composting, in particular to a process for reducing odor emission in a livestock and poultry manure composting process and an organic fertilizer.
Background
Organic fertilizer, mainly from plants and/or animals, is applied to the soil to provide plant nutrition as a carbon-containing material with the main function. The biological fertilizer is prepared from biological substances, animal and plant wastes and plant residues, can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, has long fertilizer efficiency, can increase and update soil organic matters, promotes microbial propagation, improves the physicochemical property and biological activity of soil, and is a main nutrient for green food production. The organic fertilizer needs to be piled together for fermentation in the preparation process, and is commonly called composting or decomposing. The internal temperature of compost can rise along with the time extension in the composting process, and the composting process generally needs to go through aerobic fermentation in a temperature rising section, anaerobic fermentation in a high temperature section and a cooling section.
In the prior art, the problems of ammonia gas volatilization in the composting production process and odor in the storage process of raw materials such as manure and dirt generally exist in organic fertilizer plants, so that complaints of surrounding residents are caused. Especially in summer with high temperature, the ammonia gas stimulates even eyes and tears when the eyes enter a production workshop.
Therefore, a process for reducing odor emission in the livestock and poultry manure composting process is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a process for reducing odor emission in a livestock and poultry manure composting process and an organic fertilizer, which can reduce the odor emission to the maximum extent under the condition of saving cost and ensure the health of workers and surrounding residents.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A process for reducing odor emission in the livestock and poultry manure composting process comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting hollow straws, and mixing and stacking the cut hollow straws with livestock and poultry manure in the stacking process of the livestock and poultry manure;
s2, regularly spraying a first deodorizing liquid to the accumulated livestock and poultry manure, wherein in the spraying process, the first deodorizing liquid is sprayed to the upper side of the livestock and poultry manure in an atomizing mode, and the spraying range of the first deodorizing liquid covers the whole livestock and poultry manure;
s3, spraying a second deodorizing liquid within 1.5-2.5 hours after the first deodorizing liquid is sprayed, wherein the second deodorizing liquid is directed at the surfaces of the livestock and poultry manure in the spraying process;
s4, turning the livestock and poultry manure according to the frequency of 3-6 days per time, wherein in the turning process, the weight ratio of the manure to the water is 1:2, spraying a mixture of the first deodorant solution and the second deodorant solution;
and S5, arranging activated carbon adsorption around the livestock and poultry manure compost.
In an embodiment, step S1 further includes:
cutting the hollow straws into 4-6cm and/or 10-12cm, soaking the cut hollow straws in a second deodorizing solution for more than 10 hours, taking out the soaked hollow straws within 3 hours, and mixing the hollow straws with livestock and poultry manure for stacking;
when the hollow straws and the livestock and poultry manure are mixed and stacked, the proportion range of the hollow straws and the livestock and poultry manure is set to be 1-3-5, and the content of the hollow straws in the compost in any thickness range is not more than 50%;
in the livestock and poultry manure, the initial organic matter content is 25% -55%, the initial water content is 45% -65%, the fermentation temperature is set to be 55% -65%, the initial carbon-nitrogen ratio is 22-35, and the initial PH is set to be 6.5-8.
In an embodiment, step S2 further includes:
the time interval of regularly spraying the first deodorizing liquid to the accumulated livestock and poultry manure is 3-4 hours;
the first deodorant solution comprises 20-40 parts of clear water, 20-40 parts of pyroligneous liquor, 2-5 parts of sodium sulfide and 3-5 parts of copper amino acid;
the ratio of the clear water to the wood vinegar is 1.
In an embodiment, step S3 further includes:
the second deodorant solution comprises 40-50 parts of clear water, 20-30 parts of pericarp, 4-8 parts of jasmine, 8-12 parts of camphor wood chips and 8-12 parts of coffee grounds.
In one embodiment, the pericarp comprises pomegranate rind and other pericarp, the other pericarp comprising one or more of orange peel, grapefruit peel, tangerine peel, mango peel, apple peel;
after the peel is air-dried in a shady and cool ventilated place, the peel is mixed with camphor wood chips and coffee grounds and ground into powder;
the fragrant flower seeds are extracted to obtain a fragrant flower extract liquid;
heating clear water to above 85 deg.C, adding the powder and stirring continuously for 5-8min;
cooling the clear water to room temperature, and adding the fragrant flower extract.
In one embodiment, in step S2, 4-8L of first deodorizing liquid is sprayed per 1000kg of livestock and poultry manure;
in the step S3, 5-10L of second deodorizing liquid is sprayed on every 1000kg of livestock and poultry manure;
in step S4, spraying 3-6L of a mixture of the first deodorizing liquid and the second deodorizing liquid to every 1000kg of livestock and poultry manure.
In one embodiment, the time for periodically spraying the first deodorant solution to the accumulated livestock and poultry manure is from 6 am to 10 pm, and the spraying process is automatically controlled.
In one embodiment, 5-10 parts of eucalyptus essential oil is added into the second deodorant liquid every 3-10 months.
In one embodiment, the second deodorizing solution after soaking the hollow straw is used to mix with the first deodorizing solution in step S4.
An organic fertilizer comprises the compost produced by the process.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) This scheme adopts 1 the pyroligneous of 1 dilution, sprays the back at compost surface and excrement and urine raw materials surface with the atomizer, and pungent smell disappears immediately, and the principle is mainly that the ammonia and the stink in the air have been eliminated in the acid-base neutralization reaction of micromolecule organic acid and NH3, forms one deck acid film on compost or excrement and urine surface, and absorption tissue ammonia and stink volatilize and get into the air.
(2) And through the spraying system, except that the dilute pyroligneous liquor, also through the raw materials with low cost, fragrance or can absorb peculiar smell such as discarded pericarp, coffee grounds, camphor wood bits, etc., after processing, can perfectly cooperate with the pyroligneous liquor to can guarantee to play the thorough effect of removing the peculiar smell to the compost, in addition, the raw materials used are easy to obtain, the price is cheap, greatly reduced manufacturing cost.
(3) By forming the acid film, volatilization and loss of nitrogen elements in the compost in the form of ammonia can be reduced, so that the nitrogen elements in the compost are increased, and the quality of compost products is improved.
(4) The pH value of the compost is reduced by adding a small amount of acidic deodorizing substances, the pH value of the general livestock and poultry manure compost products is basically about 8-9 and slightly alkaline, the pH range specified by NY525-2021 standard is 5.5-8.5 and is easily over 8.5, and the pH value of the compost can be slightly reduced to be within 8.5 while the acidic substances are used for deodorizing.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described below; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.
A process for reducing odor emission in the livestock and poultry manure composting process comprises S1, cutting hollow straws, and mixing and stacking the cut hollow straws with livestock and poultry manure in the livestock and poultry manure stacking process;
s2, regularly spraying a first deodorant solution onto the accumulated livestock and poultry manure, wherein in the spraying process, the first deodorant solution is sprayed above the livestock and poultry manure in an atomization mode, and the spraying range of the first deodorant solution covers the whole livestock and poultry manure;
s3, spraying a second deodorizing liquid within 1.5-2.5 hours after the first deodorizing liquid is sprayed, wherein the second deodorizing liquid is directed at the surfaces of the livestock and poultry manure in the spraying process;
s4, turning the livestock and poultry manure according to the frequency of 3-6 days per time, wherein in the turning process, the weight ratio of the manure to the water is 1:2, spraying a mixture of the first deodorant solution and the second deodorant solution;
and S5, arranging activated carbon adsorption around the livestock and poultry manure compost.
In an embodiment, step S1 further includes:
cutting the hollow straws into 4-6cm and/or 10-12cm, soaking the cut hollow straws in a second deodorizing solution for more than 10 hours, taking out the soaked hollow straws within 3 hours, and mixing the hollow straws with livestock and poultry manure for stacking;
the hollow straws are cut to be 4-6cm and can be fully contacted with the compost, so that more pores are provided for the interior of the compost, and the hollow straws are cut to be 10-12cm and have longer length, so that the hollow straws are harder and are not easily crushed, and therefore, the air outside can more easily enter the interior of the compost, so as to provide oxygen for the compost.
When the hollow straws and the livestock and poultry manure are mixed and stacked, the proportion range of the hollow straws and the livestock and poultry manure is set to be 1-3-5, and the content of the hollow straws in the compost in any thickness range is not more than 50%;
the arrangement can ensure that the amount of the hollow straws is enough to support a space suitable for oxygen circulation inside the compost.
In the livestock and poultry manure, the initial organic matter content is 25% -55%, the initial water content is 45% -65%, the fermentation temperature is set to be 55% -65%, the initial carbon-nitrogen ratio is 22-35, and the initial pH value is set to be 6.5-8.
In an embodiment, step S2 further includes:
regularly spraying the first deodorizing liquid to the accumulated livestock and poultry manure for 3-4 hours; set up like this and can be when first deodorant liquid is invalid soon, with the cooperation of second deodorant liquid to guarantee deodorant quality, and reduce cost.
The first deodorant solution comprises 20-40 parts of clear water, 20-40 parts of pyroligneous liquor, 2-5 parts of sodium sulfide and 3-5 parts of copper amino acid;
wherein, the raw materials comprise 28 parts of clear water, 28 parts of pyroligneous liquor, 2 parts of sodium sulfide and 3 parts of copper amino acid;
can be set as 35 parts of clear water, 35 parts of pyroligneous, 2 parts of sodium sulfide and 3 parts of copper amino acid;
can be set as 38 parts of clear water, 38 parts of pyroligneous, 4 parts of sodium sulfide and 4 parts of copper amino acid;
can be set as 40 parts of clear water, 40 parts of pyroligneous liquor, 4 parts of sodium sulfide and 4 parts of copper amino acid;
the ratio of the clear water to the wood vinegar is 1.
In an embodiment, step S3 further includes:
the second deodorant solution comprises 40-50 parts of clear water, 20-30 parts of pericarp, 4-8 parts of jasmine, 8-12 parts of camphor wood chips and 8-12 parts of coffee grounds.
The ingredients of the second deodorant liquid can be set to be 40 parts of clear water, 20 parts of fruit peel, 4 parts of scented flowers, 8 parts of camphor wood chips and 8 parts of coffee grounds.
The ingredients of the second deodorant solution can be set to be 45 parts of clear water, 25 parts of fruit peel, 5 parts of jasmine, 10 parts of camphor wood chips and 10 parts of coffee grounds.
The ingredients of the second deodorant solution can be 50 parts of clear water, 30 parts of fruit peel, 6 parts of jasmine, 10 parts of camphor wood chips and 10 parts of coffee grounds;
the ingredients of the second deodorant solution can be 40 parts of clear water, 40 parts of fruit peel, 8 parts of scented flowers, 12 parts of camphor wood chips and 12 parts of coffee grounds;
in one embodiment, the pericarp comprises pomegranate rind and other pericarp, the other pericarp comprising one or more of orange peel, grapefruit peel, tangerine peel, mango peel, apple peel;
after the peel is air-dried in a shady and cool ventilated place, the peel is mixed with camphor wood chips and coffee grounds and ground into powder;
the fragrant flower seeds are extracted to obtain fragrant flower extract liquor;
heating clear water to above 85 deg.C, adding the powder and stirring continuously for 5-8min;
cooling the clear water to room temperature, and adding the fragrant flower extract.
Through the mode of heating, not only can make the powder mix faster with the clear water, can arouse the fragrant smell of powder moreover to mix with the stink in the compost, dilute the stink, and after cooling the room temperature, fragrant flower extract mixes more fully with the clear water, and has very strong smell, and flower and leaf all have the effect of mosquito repellent, and the fragrant flower extract that provides can drive the mosquito in the compost, provides a more comfortable operational environment for the staff.
In one embodiment, in step S2, 4-8L of the first deodorizing liquid is sprayed per 1000kg of livestock and poultry manure;
in the step S3, 5-10L of second deodorant liquid is sprayed on every 1000kg of livestock and poultry manure;
in step S4, spraying 3-6L of a mixture of the first deodorizing liquid and the second deodorizing liquid to every 1000kg of livestock and poultry manure.
Can select how much of spraying suitable first deodorant liquid and second deodorant liquid according to specific stink size to adapt to different circumstances, and spray the process and can automize and go on, spray the in-process moreover, not only can deodorize, can also humidification, degerming, cooling.
In one embodiment, the time for periodically spraying the first deodorant solution to the accumulated livestock and poultry manure is from 6 am to 10 pm, and the spraying process is automatically controlled.
Therefore, when no one works at night, spraying is not needed, noise at night is avoided, and cost can be reduced.
In one embodiment, 5-10 parts of eucalyptus essential oil is added into the second deodorant liquid in 3-10 months per year.
The eucalyptus leaves can release substances such as citronellal and eucalyptol, the emitted taste smells, the mosquito repellent is cool and fresh, and the same smell is a pungent smell for mosquitoes, so that the eucalyptus essential oil is added between spring and summer, a good mosquito repelling effect can be achieved, a more comfortable working environment is provided for workers, and a good deodorizing effect can be achieved.
In one embodiment, the second deodorizing solution after soaking the hollow straws is used for mixing with the first deodorizing solution in step S4.
The hollow straw after being soaked can play a good deodorizing role on the compost, and the second deodorizing liquid can be recycled, so that the cost is saved.
An organic fertilizer comprises the compost produced by the process.
In the present invention: the method adopts the following principle that after the pyroligneous diluted by the ratio 1.
And through the spraying system, except that the dilute pyroligneous liquor, also through the raw materials with low cost, fragrance or can absorb peculiar smell such as discarded pericarp, coffee grounds, camphor wood bits, etc., after processing, can perfectly cooperate with the pyroligneous liquor to can guarantee to play the thorough effect of removing the peculiar smell to the compost, in addition, the raw materials used are easy to obtain, the price is cheap, greatly reduced manufacturing cost.
By forming the acid film, volatilization and loss of nitrogen elements in the compost in the form of ammonia can be reduced, so that the nitrogen elements in the compost are increased, and the quality of compost products is improved.
The pH value of the compost is reduced by adding a small amount of acidic deodorizing substances, the pH value of the general livestock and poultry manure compost products is basically about 8-9 and slightly alkaline, the pH range specified by NY525-2021 standard is 5.5-8.5 and is easily over 8.5, and the pH value of the compost can be slightly reduced to be within 8.5 while the acidic substances are used for deodorizing.
In the description herein, numerous specific details are provided, such as examples of components and/or methods, to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that an embodiment of the invention can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other apparatus, systems, assemblies, methods, components, materials, parts, and/or the like. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of embodiments of the invention.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "a specific embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment, and not necessarily in all embodiments, of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," or "in a specific embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics of any specific embodiment of the present invention may be combined in any suitable manner with one or more other embodiments. It is to be understood that other variations and modifications of the embodiments of the invention described and illustrated herein are possible in light of the teachings herein and are to be considered as part of the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention by equivalent or modified solutions and modifications within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A process for reducing odor emission in livestock and poultry manure composting process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, cutting hollow straws, and mixing and stacking the cut hollow straws with livestock and poultry manure in the stacking process of the livestock and poultry manure;
s2, regularly spraying a first deodorizing liquid to the accumulated livestock and poultry manure, wherein in the spraying process, the first deodorizing liquid is sprayed to the upper side of the livestock and poultry manure in an atomizing mode, and the spraying range of the first deodorizing liquid covers the whole livestock and poultry manure;
s3, spraying a second deodorizing liquid within 1.5-2.5 hours after the first deodorizing liquid is sprayed, wherein the second deodorizing liquid is directed at the surfaces of the livestock and poultry manure in the spraying process;
s4, turning the livestock and poultry manure according to the frequency of 3-6 days per time, wherein in the turning process, the ratio of the manure to the soil is 1:2, spraying a mixture of the first deodorant solution and the second deodorant solution;
and S5, arranging activated carbon adsorption around the livestock and poultry manure compost.
2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step S1 further includes:
cutting the hollow straws into 4-6cm and/or 10-12cm, soaking the cut hollow straws in a second deodorizing solution for more than 10 hours, taking out the soaked hollow straws within 3 hours, and mixing the hollow straws with livestock and poultry manure for stacking;
when the hollow straws and the livestock and poultry manure are mixed and stacked, the proportion range of the hollow straws and the livestock and poultry manure is set to be 1-3-5, and the content of the hollow straws in the compost in any thickness range is not more than 50%;
in the livestock and poultry manure, the initial organic matter content is 25% -55%, the initial water content is 45% -65%, the fermentation temperature is set to be 55% -65%, the initial carbon-nitrogen ratio is 22-35, and the initial pH value is set to be 6.5-8.
3. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S2 further includes:
the time interval of regularly spraying the first deodorizing liquid to the accumulated livestock and poultry manure is 3-4 hours;
the first deodorant solution comprises 20-40 parts of clear water, 20-40 parts of pyroligneous liquor, 2-5 parts of sodium sulfide and 3-5 parts of copper amino acid;
the ratio of the clear water to the wood vinegar is 1.
4. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S3 further includes:
the second deodorant solution comprises 40-50 parts of clear water, 20-30 parts of peel, 4-8 parts of jasmine, 8-12 parts of camphor wood chips and 8-12 parts of coffee grounds.
5. A process according to claim 4, characterized in that: the pericarp comprises pomegranate rind and other pericarp, and the other pericarp comprises one or more of orange peel, shaddock peel, tangerine peel, mango peel and apple peel;
after being air-dried in a shady and cool ventilated place, the peel is mixed with camphor wood chips and coffee grounds and ground into powder;
the fragrant flower seeds are extracted to obtain fragrant flower extract liquor;
heating clear water to above 85 deg.C, adding the powder and stirring continuously for 5-8min;
cooling the clear water to room temperature, and adding the fragrant flower extract.
6. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, 4-8L of first deodorant liquid is sprayed on every 1000kg of livestock and poultry manure;
in the step S3, 5-10L of second deodorizing liquid is sprayed on every 1000kg of livestock and poultry manure;
in step S4, spraying 3-6L of a mixture of the first deodorizing liquid and the second deodorizing liquid per 1000kg of livestock and poultry manure.
7. A process according to claim 3, characterized in that: the time for regularly spraying the first deodorant liquid to the accumulated livestock and poultry manure is from 6 am to 10 pm, and the spraying process is automatically controlled.
8. A process according to claim 4, characterized in that: and 5-10 parts of eucalyptus essential oil is added into the second deodorant liquid in 3-10 months per year.
9. A process according to claim 2, characterized in that: and (5) mixing the second deodorizing liquid after soaking the hollow straws with the first deodorizing liquid in the step S4.
10. An organic fertilizer, characterized by comprising compost produced by the process of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| 孙天竹;许英梅;李修齐;申东财;白淼;: "木醋液除臭工艺研究", 大连民族大学学报, no. 01, pages 21 - 23 * |
| 李帆;朱宏斌;郭熙盛;蒋光月;: "畜禽粪便高温堆肥过程中氨挥发的机理及控制", 安徽农业科学, no. 25, pages 10996 - 10997 * |
| 颜海龙;李红瞻;王有良;昝林森;辛亚平;: "苹果木醋液对畜禽粪便的臭气降解试验", 中国牛业科学, no. 06 * |
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