CN115152514B - Cultivation method of Nelisi Di Fenilex street tree - Google Patents
Cultivation method of Nelisi Di Fenilex street tree Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000008706 Ilex latifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000078118 Ilex latifolia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000209035 Ilex Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000003325 Ilex Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] Chemical compound [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 10
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 235000003332 Ilex aquifolium Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000002296 Ilex sandwicensis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000002294 Ilex volkensiana Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000191291 Abies alba Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007297 Gaultheria procumbens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002710 Ilex cornuta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001310146 Ilex cornuta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010326 Osmanthus heterophyllus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000333569 Pyrola minor Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl salicylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of a ilex latifolia street tree, which comprises early-stage planting; cultivating trunk branches; the backbone branch is cultivated, before the upper layer backbone branch near the top end of the backbone branch is cultivated, the top end of the backbone branch is cut to form an inverted cone-shaped stubble, and after the disinfection and bacteriostasis treatment, the outer layer bark tissue of the upper layer backbone branch is poured into water regularly until the outer layer bark tissue of the upper layer backbone branch grows and wraps the whole stubble surface; and (5) flower and fruit treatment. When the method is used for cultivating backbone branches, the top ends of the backbone branches are cut and form inverted cone-shaped stubbles, so that the outer bark tissues of the backbone branches at the upper layer can grow to wrap the whole surface of the stubbles, the trunk cutting parts of the backbone branches at the upper layer can be well combined with the trunk cutting parts, and the trunk cutting parts are wrapped and are not easy to rot and suffer from insect damage, the splitting resistance of the backbone branches at the upper layer is improved, the disaster rate and the occurrence rate of plant diseases and insect pests are reduced, and the ornamental value of the crown shape is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of a ilex latifolia street tree.
Background
The holly belongs to evergreen arbor, is a good variety cultivated in the plant garden of the United states, is a hybrid of the holly and Chinese holly, and has a cultivation history of hundreds of years in the United states. The height of the big adult tree is 6-8 meters, the crown is naturally conical, the crown width can reach 4 meters, the big adult tree is suitable for being used as a street tree, a garden landscape tree, a hedgerow, a Christmas tree, a bonsai model and the like, wood is hard, and artwork carving is suitable. The variety has wide suitable area, is cold-resistant, drought-resistant, salt-resistant and barren-resistant, is an ecological friendly tree species, and can be used as a honey source and winter foods for birds.
At present, the current domestic culture requirements for the street tree are generally that branch points are high, trunks are straight, crowns are relatively attractive, the branches are high and low under the natural growth condition of Nelistifen holly, trunks of seedlings are flexible, the attractiveness of the tree is affected, trunks can be cut and sprouted for ensuring the trunks of the tree to be straight, tree trunk cutting and planting are not only affected on crowns of the tree, but also potential safety hazards exist, such as easy side branch splitting after head rot of the trunk is cut, disaster rate is improved, and the ornamental value is seriously affected by trunk interception stumps.
Therefore, the invention provides a cultivation method of a holly street tree with Nelisi emperor in order to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, a primary object of the present invention is to provide a cultivation method of a ilex latifolia street tree.
The above object is achieved by the following preparation process:
the invention provides a method for cultivating a Nelisi Difen ilex street tree, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Early planting, namely squatting the ilex seedling and strengthening the root in the 1 st year after planting the ilex seedling;
(2) Cultivating trunk branches, namely, cutting stubbles from the position of 1-2cm away from the ground of the seedlings to cut stems and sprout before the branches sprout in spring of 2 nd year after field planting, selecting a main branch which is vertical upwards and grows strongly as the trunk branch for cultivating, and cutting off competing side branches affecting the growth of the trunk branch from a base;
(3) Culturing backbone branches, namely layering and culturing the backbone branches year by year along the sequence of the backbone branches from bottom to top, cutting the top of the backbone branches and forming inverted cone-shaped stubs before culturing the upper layer backbone branches close to the top of the backbone branches, and performing disinfection and bacteriostasis treatment on the inverted cone-shaped stubs until the outer layer bark tissues of the upper layer backbone branches grow and wrap the surface of the whole stubs;
(4) And (3) flower and fruit treatment, wherein a high-concentration lime sulfur mixture is sprayed in the early flowering stage to inhibit the growth of flowers and fruits and promote the luxuriant branches and leaves before the cultivation and the formation of the street trees.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, in the step (1), the seedling of the ilex latifolia is selected to have the ground diameter of 0.5-1cm and the height of more than 40 cm; planting the seedlings in loose soil or a matrix with the pH value of 6.0-8.0, and in the 1 st year after field planting, not pruning branches, managing large water and fertilizer and strengthening the root systems of the seedlings.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, in the step (2), planned close planting is carried out when the trunk of Miao Muping stubbles is cut off and sprouts are new, namely planting density is smaller than 50cm plant row spacing, thinning is carried out after the breast diameter of trunk branches of the nursery stock is larger than 1.5cm, and planting density is 1.5x1.5m.
In the step (2), all the lateral branches are cut off to assist the growth of the trunk branches when the seedling height is less than 2m, and the top ends of the trunk branches are subjected to topping treatment after the seedling height exceeds 4m so as to retain the top end advantages of the trunk extension branches.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, in the step (3), the reverse-cone stubble taper is 30-60 degrees, the depth is 5-10cm, and the top position of the reverse-cone stubble is level with the root of the backbone branch of the upper layer.
In the step (3), the reverse-taper stubble angle is 45 degrees, and the depth is 8cm.
In the step (3), the disinfection and bacteriostasis treatment is to disinfect the surface of the inverted cone-shaped stubble by using a disinfectant, and then apply a bacteriostasis preservative to the surface of the inverted cone-shaped stubble after disinfection.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the method is used for cultivating backbone branches, the top ends of the backbone branches are cut and form inverted cone-shaped stubbles, so that the outer bark tissues of the backbone branches at the upper layer can grow to wrap the whole surface of the stubbles, the trunk cutting parts of the backbone branches at the upper layer can be well combined with the trunk cutting parts, and the trunk cutting parts are wrapped and are not easy to rot and suffer from insect damage, the splitting resistance of the backbone branches at the upper layer is improved, the disaster rate and the occurrence rate of plant diseases and insect pests are reduced, and the ornamental value of the crown shape is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optimal structure of a reverse taper stubble on the top of a trunk branch according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the following detailed description is merely illustrative of the application and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application, since numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the application will be to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing disclosure.
Example 1
1. Material
The seedlings used in this example were all commercially available Nelisifen ilex seedlings.
2. Method of
Selecting seedlings with the ground diameter of 0.5-1cm and the height of more than 40cm, planting the seedlings in loose soil or a matrix with the pH value of 6.0-8.0, and carrying out large water and fertilizer management and strengthening root systems of the seedlings in 1 st year after field planting without pruning branches;
(1) Cultivating trunk branches, namely, before the branches bud in spring of 2 nd year after field planting, cutting stubbles from the position of 1-2cm away from the ground to form new branches, selecting a main branch which is vertically upwards and is strong in growth as the trunk branches for cultivation, shearing off competing side branches which influence the growth of the trunk branches from a base part, and carrying out planned close planting when Miao Muping stubbles are cut to form new branches, namely, planting the branches with the density of less than 50cm, thinning the branches after the breast diameter of the trunk branches of the seedlings is greater than 1.5cm, wherein the field planting density is 1.5X1.5 m;
(2) Culturing backbone branches, namely culturing the backbone branches layer by layer along the sequence of the backbone branches from bottom to top year after the height of the backbone branches reaches more than 5m, wherein the vertical interval between each layer of backbone branches is 1-2m, uniformly selecting 2-3 growing strong side branches as backbone branches on the periphery of the backbone branches during backbone branch culturing, cutting the backbone branches in a short way, cutting the side branches on the rest backbone branches again to assist the growth of the backbone branches, cutting the top of the backbone branches and forming inverted cone-shaped stubbles before the upper layer backbone branches close to the top of the backbone branches are cultured, sterilizing the surfaces of the inverted cone-shaped stubbles by using a sterilizing liquid, applying a preservative to the surfaces of the sterilized inverted cone-shaped stubbles, and periodically pouring water until the outer bark tissues of the upper layer backbone branches extend to grow and wrap the surfaces of the whole stubbles;
(3) And (3) flower and fruit treatment, wherein a high-concentration lime sulfur mixture is sprayed in the early flowering stage to inhibit the growth of flowers and fruits and promote the luxuriant branches and leaves before the cultivation and the formation of the street trees.
3. Verification
To verify the effect of reverse-cone rotation on the cultivation of the tree in the winter green street of Nelismonad, the test was designed according to Table 1:
TABLE 1 test schedules
Culturing each group of street trees according to the method, processing each group of seedlings according to a test schedule in the backbone branch culturing process, and sequentially recording the disaster rate (disaster refers to plants broken by splitting branches due to snow, wind and freezing damage), the occurrence rate of plant diseases and insect pests, tree shape (tree height, breast diameter and crown width) and landscape scoring at the same time of 3 rd year after culturing and forming the street trees, wherein,
disaster recovery = number/total number of disasters;
pest incidence = number/total number of pests occurring;
landscape scoring: please 30 persons skilled in the gardening or related design professions, scoring the landscapes of the street trees according to the evaluation indexes and the evaluation grades (fully dividing the landscapes into 10 points) to obtain a grading result of the landscapes (taking an average value after removing one of the highest score and the lowest score from the result);
the specific results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 statistical tables of test results
Analysis of results: compared with the parallel processing and the non-parallel processing, the processing mode of cutting the top of the trunk branch and forming the inverted cone-shaped stubble opening is improved, compared with the parallel processing and the non-parallel processing, and the measurement of the height, the breast diameter and the crown width of the trunk branch can show that the processing mode of the method is also improved, compared with the parallel processing and the non-parallel processing, the incidence rate of diseases and insect pests is also reduced, and finally, the landscape score of the trunk branch is also improved to a certain extent, because the outer bark tissue of the trunk branch on the upper layer is prolonged to be grown to wrap the whole surface of the stubble opening, the trunk branch and the trunk branch cut part can be well combined, the cut part is wrapped and is not easy to rot and suffer from insect damage, the anti-splitting capability of the trunk branch on the upper layer is improved, the ornamental value of the trunk branch is improved, and the detail is that:
the lowest disaster recovery rate of the test group 7 is 5%, because the taper and depth of the inverted cone-shaped stubs influence the time and effect of the outer bark tissue of the upper backbone branch to extend and grow to wrap the whole surface of the stubs, and the larger the taper of the inverted cone-shaped stubs is, the shallower the depth is, so that the process of jointing the extension of the growth of the backbone branch and the trunk branch cutting part is easier;
however, in test group 7, compared with test group 5, the incidence rate of the plant diseases and insect pests of test group 5 is 0, because the time for the growth of the backbone branch to wrap the trunk branch cutting part is slower than that of test group 7, the junction effect of the backbone branch bark tissue and the trunk branch cutting part is better than that of test group 7, the effect of resisting the erosion of the plant diseases and insect pests is better, in addition, the measurement results of the tree height, the breast diameter and the crown width of test group 5 are better than those of test group 7, and the final landscape score is highest, therefore, when the backbone branch cultivation is carried out, the top end of the backbone branch is cut and forms an inverted cone-shaped stubble, and when the taper degree of the inverted cone-shaped stubble is 45 degrees and the depth is 8cm, the comprehensive quality of the finally cultivated street tree is the best (fig. 1).
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for cultivating a tree of a street of ilex latifolia, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Early planting, namely squatting the ilex seedling and strengthening the root in the 1 st year after planting the ilex seedling;
(2) Cultivating trunk branches, namely, cutting stubbles from the position of 1-2cm away from the ground of the seedlings to cut stems and sprout before the branches sprout in spring of 2 nd year after field planting, selecting a main branch which is vertical upwards and grows strongly as the trunk branch for cultivating, and cutting off competing side branches affecting the growth of the trunk branch from a base;
(3) Culturing backbone branches, namely, layering and culturing the backbone branches in a sequence from bottom to top along the backbone branches year by year until the height of the backbone branches reaches more than 5m, cutting the top of the backbone branches and forming inverted cone-shaped stubbles before culturing the upper layer backbone branches close to the top of the backbone branches, and after sterilizing and inhibiting the inverted cone-shaped stubbles, pouring water regularly until the outer layer bark tissues of the upper layer backbone branches extend and grow to wrap the surface of the whole stubbles;
(4) And (3) flower and fruit treatment, wherein a high-concentration lime sulfur mixture is sprayed in the early flowering stage to inhibit the growth of flowers and fruits and promote the luxuriant branches and leaves before the cultivation and the formation of the street trees.
2. The method for cultivating a ilex latifolia street tree according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the ilex latifolia seedlings are selected to have a ground diameter of 0.5-1cm and a height of more than 40 cm; planting the seedlings in loose soil or a matrix with the pH value of 6.0-8.0, and in the 1 st year after field planting, not pruning branches, managing large water and fertilizer and strengthening the root systems of the seedlings.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), planned close planting is performed when the trunk of Miao Muping stubbles is cut off and sprouts, i.e. the planting density is less than 50cm, thinning is performed after the breast diameter of the trunk branch of the seedling is greater than 1.5cm, and the planting density is 1.5x1.5 m.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), all the lateral branches are cut off to assist the growth of the trunk branches when the seedling height is less than 2m, and the top ends of the trunk branches are topping after the seedling height exceeds 4m so as to preserve the top end advantages of the trunk extension branches.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the vertical distance between the backbone branches is 1-2m, and when the backbone branches are cultivated, 2-3 robust side branches growing on the periphery of the backbone branches are uniformly selected and reserved as backbone branches, the backbone branches are cut, and the side branches on the rest backbone branches are cut again to assist the growth of the backbone branches.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the reverse-taper rotation angle is 30-60 ° and the depth is 5-10cm, and the top position of the reverse-taper rotation angle is flush with the root of the upper backbone branch.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), the reverse taper is 45 ° and the depth is 8cm.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the disinfecting and bacteriostasis treatment is to disinfect the surface of the inverted cone-shaped stubble with a disinfectant, and then apply a preservative to the surface of the inverted cone-shaped stubble after disinfection.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07236359A (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1995-09-12 | Koji Yamamoto | Method for repairing wound in living tree |
| CN105103994A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-12-02 | 北京润丰园林绿化工程有限公司 | Stem-cut tree clipping method |
| CN106305179A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 郴州市北湖区鲁塘镇碧香源油茶农民专业合作社 | Pruning method for camellia oleifera trees |
| CN107743844A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-02 | 重庆格绿恩农林科技有限公司 | A kind of Potted Landscape Modelling method of pawpaw Malus spectabilis |
| CN108522066A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-14 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of combination unit and section processing method for section processing after tree cutting strunk greatly |
| CN109452073A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-03-12 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A kind of tree-like breeding method of Chinese wax shade tree landscape |
| CN110149932A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-23 | 水城县凉都萌盛苗圃场 | A kind of walnut bud tablets engrafting method |
-
2022
- 2022-08-01 CN CN202210917586.2A patent/CN115152514B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07236359A (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1995-09-12 | Koji Yamamoto | Method for repairing wound in living tree |
| CN105103994A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-12-02 | 北京润丰园林绿化工程有限公司 | Stem-cut tree clipping method |
| CN106305179A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 郴州市北湖区鲁塘镇碧香源油茶农民专业合作社 | Pruning method for camellia oleifera trees |
| CN107743844A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-02 | 重庆格绿恩农林科技有限公司 | A kind of Potted Landscape Modelling method of pawpaw Malus spectabilis |
| CN108522066A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-14 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of combination unit and section processing method for section processing after tree cutting strunk greatly |
| CN109452073A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-03-12 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A kind of tree-like breeding method of Chinese wax shade tree landscape |
| CN110149932A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-23 | 水城县凉都萌盛苗圃场 | A kind of walnut bud tablets engrafting method |
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