CN115151860A

CN115151860A - Display device, pixel array and manufacturing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115151860A
Application number: CN202080088083.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曾世宪
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-17
Filing date: 2020-11-19
Publication date: 2022-10-04
Also published as: JP2021103297A; WO2021120974A1; TW202133133A

Abstract

A pixel array (322 PAU) includes a display media module (322U), an active switching element (116), and a connection module (330). Each display media module (322U) includes two pairs of paired electrodes (310) and a display medium (105). Each pair of electrodes 311 includes a first electrode 101PE and a second electrode 102RE. The display medium (105) is located between the first electrode (101 PE) and the second electrode (102 RE). The active switching element (116) is electrically connected to the first electrode (101 PE) for causing the first electrode (101 PE) and the second electrode (102 RE) to change the state of the display medium (105). The connection module (330) is integrated with the display media module (322U), and the active switching element (116) is electrically connected to the first electrode (101 PE) through a plurality of conductors (118) of the connection module (330).

Description

Display device, pixel array and manufacturing method thereof

Cross Reference to Related Applications

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application No. 16/718,076, filed on 12/17/2019.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a display device, a pixel array and a manufacturing method thereof. More particularly, the present invention relates to a pixel array and a display device having a display medium module and a method of manufacturing the same.

Background

With the advancement of the times and science and technology, people have more advanced requirements for image vision and hearing, and desire multimedia devices that are light, thin, high in contrast, dynamic, high in color saturation, high in aperture ratio, large in size, low in cost, low in power consumption, high in quality, multi-sided in display, easy to maintain, and good in sound quality.

The display part of the present multimedia device can be divided into self-luminous and non-self-luminous modes to achieve the function of image display, and the liquid crystal display belongs to the main mode of a non-self-luminous plane display device, which regulates and controls the quantity of light passing through the liquid crystal medium by controlling the voltage of the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the liquid crystal medium, and simultaneously matches with a color filter layer, a polarizer, some optical function sheets, a backlight source and the like to achieve the effect of color display.

Self-emissive flat panel displays include plasma, field emission, photoluminescence, thermal electroluminescence, organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLED) using polymer light emitting materials deposited between an upper electrode and a lower electrode layer, an electron and hole conduction layer are matched to generate recombination of electron and hole carrier by applying electric field to move carrier, so as to generate light ray display. The display device of the organic light emitting diode has the characteristics of wide viewing angle, high response speed, small panel thickness, no need of backlight source and color filter, large size and flexibility and the like.

The display mode of display devices such as liquid crystal display devices, organic light emitting diodes and the like takes transparent glass as a substrate, and then elements such as a thin film transistor, a lower electrode layer, a display medium layer, an upper electrode layer and the like are directly and sequentially formed on the glass substrate; the thin film transistor can control the voltage or current applied to the upper electrode layer and/or the lower electrode layer to control the state of the display medium, and because the thin film transistor and some matched electrically conductive patterns and the like must be formed directly on the glass substrate in sequence, the patterns can relatively compress the effective area displayed by the pixel unit, and the high aperture ratio of the pixel unit is difficult to achieve.

Fig. 1 is a top view of a conventional pixel unit. The pixel unit 1PP is a portion of a display panel to display a pixel unit portion of an image; generally, the pixel unit 1PP includes a glass substrate 10S, and a gate control line 11G, a data control line 12D, a thin film transistor 13T, a pixel electrode 14PE, a common display medium and a pixel counter electrode are sequentially disposed on the glass substrate 10S. The thin film transistor 13T has a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a drain electrode, which are electrically connected to the gate control line 11G, the data control line 12D, and the pixel electrode 14PE, respectively, for controlling the state of the display medium and adjusting the luminous flux of the pixel electrode 14 PE. If an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) is used as a display medium, more thin film transistors and capacitors are required. In addition, in order to increase the capacity of the pixel unit including touch control, more signal control lines are required, so that the area of the pixel electrode (through which light passes) is more compressed. In addition, each pixel unit 1PP of the display panel is integrally formed by using the same glass substrate 10S, signal control lines, display media, pixel corresponding electrodes, and other materials, so that it is not easy to replace or repair the damaged pixel unit 1 PP. As the size is larger, the range of the thin film transistor 13T formed on the glass substrate is larger (i.e., the array of the thin film transistors 13T has a larger area), which makes it difficult to control various uniformity (e.g., threshold voltage, current driving capability) of the thin film transistor 13T of the pixel unit 1PP, expensive process equipment, complicated process, long manufacturing time, high cost, unstable control of mass production quality and yield, and more difficult to achieve control of the multi-layer display medium and manufacture of the multi-panel display and repair of the partially damaged display device.

In the display portion of the conventional multimedia device, each time the display unit is updated, the driving circuit elements located at the periphery of the display pixel unit 1PP must be combined to sequentially drive the thin film transistor 13T of each pixel unit 1PP, so as to perform the update and write operation of the content of each pixel unit 1PP, which is likely to cause the problem of power consumption. If the sound part is combined, a speaker (horn) is usually additionally assembled, resulting in a complex system with higher cost and difficult thinning.

In summary, various deficiencies of the existing multimedia devices are still to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a pixel array. The pixel array comprises a display medium module, an active switch element and a connecting module. The display medium module comprises at least two pairs of paired electrodes and a display medium. Each pair of electrodes includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The display medium is positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode of the display medium module. The active switching element is electrically connected to the first electrode, so that the first electrode and the second electrode change the state of the display medium. The connection module is integrated with the display media module and includes a plurality of conductors for electrically connecting the active switching elements of the pixel array with the first electrode of the display media module.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a display device that is comprised of a plurality of pixel arrays. Each pixel array comprises a display medium module an active switch device and a connection module. The display medium module comprises at least two pairs of paired electrodes and a display medium. Each pair of electrodes includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The display medium is positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode of the display medium module. The active switch element is electrically connected to the first electrode, so that the first electrode and the second electrode change the state of the display medium. The connection module is integrated with the display media module and includes a plurality of conductors for electrically connecting the active switching elements of the pixel array with the first electrode of the display media module.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a pixel array. The method includes forming a display media module of the pixel array, the display media module including at least two pairs of electrodes and a display media, each pair of electrodes including a first electrode and a second electrode, and a display media disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode of the display media module; forming an active switching element of the pixel array, electrically connecting the active switching element to the first electrode, and causing the first electrode and the second electrode to change a state of the display medium; a through hole may be formed in the pixel array; and a connection module is disposed in the through hole, and the active switching element is electrically connected to the first electrode through a plurality of conductors of the connection module.

These and other objects of the present invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after having read the following detailed description of the various preferred embodiments, which are illustrated in the various drawing figures and described in the drawing figures.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view of a conventional pixel unit.

Fig. 2A is a top view of a pixel unit according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the pixel cell of fig. 2A along line 2B-2B'.

Fig. 2C-2F are cross-sectional views of pixel cells constructed in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 3A to 3C are cross-sectional views of another pixel unit according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4A to 4C are cross-sectional views of a pixel unit according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a pixel unit according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 6 is a top view of a multimedia device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the pixel array of fig. 6 taken along section line 7-7' in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a pixel array according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view of the multimedia device of FIG. 6 taken along the cross-sectional line 9A-9A' according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9B is a cross-sectional view of a multimedia device according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 10A and 10B are cross-sectional views of a multimedia device according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view of a multimedia device according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a flow chart of a method for fabricating a pixel cell according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 13 is a flow chart of a method for fabricating a pixel array according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a multimedia device according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 15 is another preferred embodiment of the present invention a top view of the display device of an embodiment.

Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the display device according to fig. 15 along the sectional line 16-16'.

Fig. 17 is an assembly diagram of the display device according to fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is a sectional view of a display device according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 19 is an assembly diagram of the display device according to fig. 18.

FIG. 20 is a top view of a display device according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the display device according to fig. 20 along the sectional line 21-21'.

Fig. 22 is an assembly schematic of the display device according to fig. 20.

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of a pixel array of a display device according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 24 is an assembly schematic of the pixel array according to fig. 23.

FIG. 25 is a top view of a pixel array according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 26 is an enlarged view of the connection module 830 of the pixel array according to fig. 25.

Fig. 27 is a cross-sectional view of the pixel array along the cross-section line 27-27' according to fig. 25.

Fig. 28 is an assembly schematic of a pixel array according to the present invention.

Fig. 29 is a cross-sectional view of the pixel array according to fig. 25 along section line 29-29'.

Fig. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the pixel array along section line 30-30' according to fig. 25. .

FIG. 31 is a top view of a pixel array according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 32 is a cross-sectional view of the pixel array along section line 32-32' according to fig. 31.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the invention are described in one or more examples, which are not intended to limit the invention to the particular environments, applications, structures, processes, or steps described. In the drawings, elements not directly related to the present invention have been omitted. In the drawings, the dimensional relationships between elements are merely for ease of illustrating the invention and are not intended to limit the actual proportions of the invention. In the following, the same (or similar) reference numerals correspond to the same (or similar) elements, except where otherwise specified.

Please refer to fig. 2A, which is a top view of the pixel unit 1PU according to the preferred embodiment of the invention. The pixel unit 1PU can be used as a part of a multimedia device with a display function to display a pixel part of an image; in other words, the display function device may include one or more of the pixel units 1PU of the present embodiment. The pixel unit 1PU includes an active switch device 116 and a display medium module 1U, and the active switch device 116 can be used to control the state of the display medium module 1U, so as to control the light flux (or the property of modulating the light, etc.) of the light passing through the display medium module 1U. More specific technical contents will be described below.

Referring to fig. 2A to 2F, fig. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the pixel unit along a line 2B-2B' of fig. 2A. Fig. 2C-2F are cross-sectional views of pixel cells constructed in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention. An active switching device substrate portion 116S and a transistor portion 116T are formed on the active switching device substrate portion 116S. That is, the wafer transistor portion 116T is a portion of an active switching device substrate, which may be glass, quartz, metal oxide, silicon wafer, silicon-on-insulator, gallium arsenide, gallium nitride, iii-v compound, di-v compound, tetra-v alloy, amorphous silicon, organic soft, inorganic substance, and combinations thereof (hereinafter, silicon wafer is used as an example), and the transistor portion 116T is formed on the active switching device substrate through a series of semiconductor processes (exposure, development, etching, diffusion, deposition, ion implantation, cleaning, inspection, etc.). The active switching device substrate may be formed with a plurality of transistor portions 116T at the same time, and then a dicing process is performed to divide the active switching device substrate into a plurality of portions (each portion may include one or more transistor portions 116T), and each portion is the active switching device 116. In addition, the active switching element 116 may further include a plurality of conductors and a plurality of electrodes 116E formed on the upper/lower surfaces and/or one of the active switching substrate portion 116S and/or the transistor portion 116T. The source, gate, and drain of the transistor portion 116T may be electrically connected to each other. The active switching device 116 can also be considered as a chip or die.

The display medium module 1U includes at least one pair of electrodes and a display medium 105. The pair of electrodes includes a first electrode 101PE and a second electrode 102RE, and the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE are separated and can face each other. The display medium 105 is disposed between the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE. The first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE may also be referred to as a pixel electrode and a pixel corresponding electrode, and may be non-transparent, partially transparent and/or transparent electrodes (e.g., formed by using metal oxide, nano silver wire, conductive polymer, carbon nanotube, graphene, etc. as transparent materials). The first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE can be applied with electric energy to change the magnitude and/or direction of one of a voltage, a current, an inductance, a capacitance, an electric field, a magnetic field, and a combination thereof between the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE.

The first electrode 101PE may also be electrically connected to the active switching element 116 (e.g., via an electrode 116E of the active switching element 116 and/or a conductor 118 additionally provided). The active switching element 116 can control whether electrical energy is applied to the first electrode 101PE and/or the second electrode 102RE.

The display medium 105 may be positioned as a light modulating medium, the state of which can be changed by the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE, thereby controlling the amount of light passing (or modulating the properties of light). Specifically, the active switching element 116 can control the electric energy applied to the first electrode 101PE and/or the second electrode 102RE, such that the voltage, the current, the electric field, and the like between the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE are changed, thereby causing the state of the display medium 105 to change. Taking the example of a liquid crystal that is not a self-emissive dielectric material as the display medium 105, a change in state of the display medium 105 indicates a re-twisted arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules. Taking an organic light emitting diode (oled) as an example of the display medium 105, the state change of the display medium 105 is a phenomenon that carriers are moved by the magnitude of an applied electric field to generate electrons and hole carriers to be recombined, so as to generate light intensity and color. The type of the display medium 105 is related to the arrangement of the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE, for example, when the display medium 105 is an In-Plane-Switching Liquid Crystal (In-Plane-Switching Liquid Crystal), the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE can be arranged on the same Plane.

In addition to the non-self-luminous medium material or the self-luminous medium material, in other embodiments, the display medium 105 may further include at least one of a filter material, a conductive material, an insulating material, a light absorbing material, a light reflecting material, a light refracting material, a polarization material, a light diffusing material, and the like (the above materials may be formed on the first substrate 101PS and/or the second substrate 102RS, which will be described later, or configured as another plate and then disposed on the first substrate 101PS and/or the second substrate 102 RS). The non-self-luminous medium material can comprise at least one of electrophoresis type, electrofluidic type, liquid crystal type, micro-electro-mechanical reflection type, electrowetting type, electronic ink type, magnetic fluid type, electrochromism type and thermochromism type. The self-emissive dielectric material may include at least one of an electroluminescent material, a photoluminescent material, a cathodoluminescent material, a field emission luminescent material, a phosphorescent material, a fluorescent material, and a light emitting diode material to generate a color of white, red, green, blue, orange, indigo, violet, yellow, or a combination thereof.

The display medium module 1U may further include a first substrate 101PS and/or a second substrate 102RS, wherein the first substrate 101PS and the second substrate 102RS are opposite and spaced apart, and are used for supporting the first electrode 101PE, the second electrode 102RE and/or the display medium 105. The first electrode 101PE may be disposed on the first substrate 101PS, the second electrode 102RE may be disposed on the first substrate 101PS and/or the second substrate 102RS (depending on the type of the display medium 105), and the display medium 105 may be disposed between the first substrate 101PS and the second substrate 102RS (or, when the display medium module 1U includes only one of the first substrate 101PS and the second substrate 102RS, the display medium 105 may be disposed on the first substrate 101PS or the second substrate 102 RS). The active switch element 116 can be assembled on the first substrate 101PS and/or the second substrate 102RS, but is not directly fabricated on the first substrate 101PS and/or the second substrate 102 RS; that is, the active switching elements 116 are separately manufactured and then assembled on the first substrate 101PS and/or the second substrate 102 RS. In addition, the active switching element 116 may be disposed on one of the upper and lower surfaces, the interior, the recess 109GV, the through hole 109TV and the combination thereof of the first substrate 101PS and/or the second substrate 102RS, so that the pixel aperture ratio of the first electrode 101PE is less compressed by the active switching element 116.

The first substrate 101PS, the second substrate 102RS, the first electrode 101PE and/or the second electrode 102RE can be made of the following materials (but not limited thereto): one of a light transmissive material, a light opaque material, a flexible material, a rigid material, a metallic material, a ceramic material, an insulating material, a metal compound, a metal alloy, an organic material, an inorganic material, a composite material, a semiconductor material, and a combination thereof. In the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes are made of a metal, the first substrate 101PS and the second substrate 102RS are made of a light-transmitting material (e.g., glass).

The flexible material may include: polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyether Elastomer (PES), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), aromatic Polyester (PAR), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyamide (PA), and combinations thereof.

The pixel unit 1PU may further include a control signal line 1G and a data signal line 1D formed on or in the surface of the first substrate 101PS and/or the second substrate 102RS and electrically connected to the active switching element 116 (e.g., via the electrode 116E of the active switching element 116). The active switching element 116 can be controlled to be turned on or off by the control signal line 1G, and electric energy (i.e., pixel content, expressed in terms of voltage or current, etc.) can be selectively transmitted to the first electrode 101PE through the active switching element 116 by the data signal line 1D. The control signal line 1G, the data signal line 1D, the first electrode 101PE and/or the second electrode 102RE may be located in the same horizontal layer or different horizontal layers of the first substrate 101PS and/or the second substrate 102 RS.

In addition, the control signal line 1G, the data signal line 1D, the first electrode 101PE and/or the second electrode 102RE can be made of the following materials (but not limited thereto): one of a transparent conductive material, an opaque conductive material, a flexible conductive material, a rigid conductive material, a metal compound, a metal alloy, an organic conductive material, an inorganic conductive material, a composite conductive material, and combinations thereof.

As can be seen from the above description, the active switching element 116 is manufactured from the active switching element substrate, not directly on a part of the display media module 1U, so that the manufacturing of the active switching element 116 is not limited by the characteristics of the display media module 1U itself. In addition, the active switch device 116 can be optimized in the manufacturing process and the process technology is mature, so the manufactured active switch device 116 has better characteristics (such as uniformity of threshold voltage, current driving capability, etc.).

It should be noted that the aforementioned multimedia device with display function may comprise a plurality of pixel units 1PU. In this case, the first substrate 101PS and the second substrate 102RS of the display media module 1U of the pixel units 1PU may be integrally connected. One of the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE may be integrally connected to serve as a pixel corresponding electrode.

The technical contents of the pixel unit 1PU of the present embodiment are explained above. The technical content of the pixel unit according to other embodiments of the invention is described next. The technical contents of the pixel units of the embodiments should be mutually referred, so that the same parts are omitted or simplified.

Fig. 3A to 3C are cross-sectional views of a pixel unit 1FPU according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. Pixel unit 1FPU is similar to pixel unit 1PU, and includes active switch device 116 and display media module 1U. The pixel unit 1FPU further includes one or more functional elements 151 (in this embodiment, a plurality of functional elements 151 are taken as an example).

The functional elements 151 are electronic elements having (but not limited to) a specific function, such as: one of a touch sensing function element, a displacement sensing function element, a pressure sensing function element, a temperature and humidity sensing function element, an acoustic wave sensing function element, an electromagnetic wave sensing function element, an image capturing function element, a memory function element, a control function element, a wireless communication function element, a self-luminous function element, a passive element (inductor, resistor, capacitor or combination thereof) and a photovoltaic function element. The pixel unit 1FPU may include one or more optical elements 155 positioned to correspond to optically-related functional elements 151 (e.g., image capture functional elements). The optical element 155 may comprise at least one of a convex lens, a concave lens and an optical prism to change the direction of the ambient light to be received by the functional element 151.

The touch sensing functional element may include: one of a photo sensing element, a piezoelectric sensing element, a capacitance sensing element, a resistance sensing element, an inductance sensing element, an electromagnetic sensing element, a charge sensing element, a voltage sensing element, a current sensing element, a pressure sensing element and an acoustic wave sensing element.

These functional elements 151 may be mounted on the first substrate 101PS and/or the second substrate 102RS, but are not directly formed from a portion of the display media module 1U. In other words, the functional element 151 is manufactured and then assembled to the display medium module 1U. Therefore, the manufacturing of the functional element 151 may also be not limited by the characteristics of the display media module 1U itself. The functional element 151 may be electrically connected to the active switch element 116, the control signal line 1G or the data signal line 1D (or the pixel unit 1FPU includes other signal lines or electrodes electrically connected to the functional element 151), so as to achieve the functions of controlling the functional element 151, being controlled by the functional element 151, transmitting a signal to the functional element 151, or receiving a signal from the functional element 151.

The pixel unit 1FPU can provide other functions (display, touch, sensing, photographing, data transmission, power generation, etc.) in addition to image display through the functional element 151. For example, the image capture function device can make the pixel unit 1FPU capture a part of the image; the memory function element may record the state of the pixel medium 105 or record data of the function element 151 itself; the control function may control the active switching element 116; the wireless communication function component can directly transmit the pixel content or the data of each function component wirelessly, and can wirelessly transmit the data with the wireless control module 33 of the multimedia device (as will be further described in the embodiments); the photovoltaic functional element can convert ambient light into electric energy and the like.

Fig. 3B is another cross-sectional view of the pixel unit 1FKPU according to the preferred embodiment of the invention. The pixel unit 1FKPU may optionally further comprise an encapsulation carrier 116PKU, and the active switching element 116 and/or the functional element 151 may be encapsulated in the encapsulation carrier 116PKU and then assembled to the display media module 1U. That is, after the active switching device 116 or the functional device 151 is fabricated from the active switching device substrate, it can be packaged in the packaging carrier 116PKU or directly assembled to the display medium module 1U through a carrier of the pixel unit 1 FKPU. The active switching device 116 and the functional device 151 may be fabricated on the same active switching device substrate (or on different active switching device substrates) and then packaged together in the package carrier 116 PKU. The packaging carrier 116PKU can protect the active switching element 116 and the functional element 151, and can facilitate the assembly operation to the display media module 1U.

The material of construction of encapsulation carrier 116PKU may include (but is not limited to): one of a semiconductor material, a conductive material, an insulating material, an organic material, an inorganic material, a metallic material, a metal alloy material, a ceramic material, a composite material, a light transmissive material, a light opaque material, a flexible material, a rigid material, a non-metallic material, and combinations thereof. The package carrier 116PKU may further include a carrier 116PKS, a conductive trace, a trace conductive pad 116PKSC, a pillar conductive body 116PKSIC, a conductive connection bump, a conductive connection point, an insulating dielectric layer, an insulating dielectric, an adhesive dielectric, a connection wire, or a combination thereof.

Fig. 4A to 4C are cross-sectional views of a pixel unit 1T12PU according to another preferred embodiment of the invention. The pixel unit 1T12PU is similar to the pixel unit 1PU, and includes an active switch device 116, a display medium module 1T12U (only two display media are shown as an example), a carrier 112FPUS, and a common substrate 112PCS and/or a common substrate 112RCS for pixel unit; in addition, the first substrate 101PS, the pixel-unit common substrate 112PCS, the pixel-corresponding common substrate 112RCS, and/or the second substrate 102RS of the pixel unit 1T12PU may include a through hole 109TV and/or a groove 109GV.

Specifically, the carrier 112FPUS can be disposed with the display medium module 1T12U thereon, and the active switch device 116 can be disposed on the carrier 112 FPUS; the carrier 112FPUS may further include a line conductive pad 112FPUC, a conductive line, and other elements, so as to electrically connect the display media module 1T12U and the active switching element 116 to each other. The control signal line 1G and the data signal line 1D may also be formed on the carrier 112FPUS and electrically connected to the active switching element 116.

On the other hand, carrier 112FPUS may include a recess 109GV (or through hole 109 TV). The first substrate 101PS, the pixel cell common substrate 112PCS, the pixel corresponding common substrate 112RCS, and/or the second substrate 102RS of the display media module 1T12U may also include a through hole 109TV, and then the active switch element 116 may be mounted in the groove 109GV and electrically connected to the first electrode 101PE, the pixel cell common electrode 112PCE, the pixel corresponding common electrode 112RCE, and/or the second electrode 102RE through a conductive body 118 disposed in the through hole 109 TV. The recess 109GV in the carrier 112FPUS may further include a sidewall insulating layer, a conductive pad, a conductive trace, a conductive body, an insulating medium, or a combination thereof, for electrically connecting or isolating the active switching element 116 to other elements. By disposing the carrier board 112FPUS, the electrical connection layout between the components of the pixel unit 1T12PU should be easier, especially when the pixel unit 1T12PU includes a plurality of functional components.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a pixel unit 2T12PU according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. The pixel unit 2T12PU (only two pixel display media are shown for example) is similar to the pixel unit 1T12PU, except that the transistor portion 116T of the active switching element 116 of the pixel unit 2T12PU may have two independent transistor switching elements for controlling the contents of the respective pixel electrodes synchronously or asynchronously.

The pixel unit 2T12PU may further include an optical element 255, similar to the pixel unit 1T12PU, which may be formed in the display media module 2T12U or the display media module 1T 12U; for example, the first electrode 115PE, the first electrode 101PE, the pixel cell common electrode 112PCE, the pixel counter common electrode 112RCE and/or the second electrode 102RE (or the first electrode 115PE, the first electrode 101PE, the pixel cell common electrode 112PCE, the pixel counter common electrode 112RCE and/or the second electrode 102RE are directly configured as the optical element 255), and may be optically coupled to the display media module 2T12U or the display media module 1T 12U. Thus, optical element 255 may direct ambient light into display media modules 2T12U and/or 1T12U, and the amount or character of the ambient light entering or exiting display media modules 2T12U or 1T12U may be controlled by display media 105 and/or display media 115. When the ambient light is sufficient, the pixel units 2T12U and/or 1T12U can directly use the ambient light to achieve the functions of image pixel display or light adjustment. The optical element 255 may include at least one of a convex lens, a concave lens, and an optical prism.

Please refer to fig. 6, which is a top view of a multimedia device 300MD according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. The multimedia device 300MD is a device capable of displaying and/or sound, and the multimedia device 300MD includes a pixel array 122PAU, a multimedia substrate 300MDs, and a magnetic substrate 300MMS (see fig. 9A). The pixel array 122PAU can be respectively assembled to the multimedia substrate 300MDS, and the pixel array 122PAU includes an active switching element 116, and a display medium module 122U having a plurality of pixel units and display media (only two pixel units and display media are shown as an example); in addition, a plurality of magnetic induction portions 300MGL (refer to fig. 9A as a conductive loop pattern) may be formed in the multimedia substrate 300MDS, and at least one cavity portion 300MDV (refer to fig. 9A) may be formed on a lower surface of the multimedia substrate 300MDS, where the cavity portion 300MDV is relatively located below the magnetic induction portions 300 MGL. In addition, the magnetic sensing portion 300MGL may be electrically connected to the active switch element 116 of the pixel array 122PAU, so as to control the current magnitude, speed, direction, and the like of the magnetic sensing portion 300MGL, so as to generate attraction or repulsion forces with different magnitudes and speeds between the multimedia substrate 300MDS and the magnetic substrate 300MMS, and to generate vibrations of sounds with different audio frequencies by the magnetic substrate 300MMS and/or the multimedia substrate 300MDS, so that the image pixels displayed by the pixel array 122PAU can be matched to become a multimedia device with a speaker function and being light and thin.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the pixel array 122PAU of FIG. 6 taken along line 7-7' according to the present invention. The pixel array 122PAU includes a plurality of pixel units similar to the pixel units 1T12PU, 2T12PU, 1FPU, 1PU, and the like, each including the active switching device 116, a display medium module having a plurality of pixel units and a display medium 122U (only two pixel units and display media are shown as an example), a pixel array carrier 122PAS, a pixel array common substrate 122PACS, and/or a pixel corresponding common substrate; in addition, the transistor portion 116T of the active switching element 116 of the pixel array 122PAU may have two independent transistor switching elements for respectively controlling the display media of each corresponding pixel unit (respectively controlling the content of each pixel electrode and/or the pixel unit common electrode in a synchronous or asynchronous manner).

Specifically, the pixel array support plate 122PAS may be provided for the display medium module 122U to be disposed thereon, and the active switch element 116 may be disposed on the pixel array support plate 122 PAS; the pixel array carrier 122PAS may further include a circuit conducting pad 122PASC, a conducting circuit, a control signal line 1G, and a data signal line 1D, so as to electrically connect the display medium module 122U and the active switch element 116 to each other.

On the other hand, the pixel array carrier 122PAS may include a recess 109GV (or a through hole), and then the active switch device 116 may be disposed in the recess 109GV, the pixel array common electrode 122PACE (or the first or second electrode) can be electrically connected through the through hole 109TV embedded with the electrical conductor 118 included in the first substrate 101PS and/or the second substrate 102RS of the display media module 122U. The recess 109GV of the pixel array carrier 122PAS may further include a sidewall insulating layer, a conductive trace, a conductive pad, a conductor, an insulating medium, or a combination thereof, for electrically connecting or isolating the active switching device 116 to other devices. By the arrangement of the pixel array carrier 122PAS, the electrical connection layout among the components of the pixel array 122PAU should be easy, and especially when the pixel array 122PAU includes the above-mentioned multiple functional components and the package carrier, the integration into a wired and/or wireless communication data transmission manner is easy. The content of each pixel electrode and/or the pixel unit common electrode is controlled in a synchronous or asynchronous mode respectively.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the pixel array 222PAU according to the preferred embodiment of the invention. The pixel array 222PAU is similar to the pixel array 122PAU, the pixel units 1T12PU, 2T12PU, 1FPU, 1PU, and the like, and includes the active switch element 116, and further includes a

display medium module

212U and 234U (only two-sided pixel array is shown as an example) having a pixel array with multi-sided display function, a pixel array carrier PAS 222 and a common substrate 212PACS and 234PACS capable of being matched with a pixel array and/or a pixel corresponding common substrate; in addition, the transistor portion 116T of the active switching element 116 of the pixel array 222PAU has at least two independent transistor switching elements, and can control the display medium state of each pixel array (the content of each pixel electrode and/or pixel unit common electrode can be controlled in a synchronous or asynchronous manner). The pixel array carrier 222PAS and the pixel array carrier 122PAS have similar functions, and may integrate the active switch device 116, the aforementioned multiple functional devices and/or package carriers, etc. to achieve the respective control of the content of each pixel electrode and/or the common electrode of the pixel units in a synchronous or asynchronous manner by wired and/or wireless communication transmission.

Please refer to fig. 9A and 9B. FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view of the multimedia device of FIG. 6 taken along the cross-sectional line 9A-9A' according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9B is a cross-sectional view of a multimedia device according to another preferred embodiment of the invention. The multimedia device 300MD includes a plurality of pixel arrays 122PAU, a multimedia substrate 300MDs, and a magnetic substrate 300MMS. The multimedia substrate 300MDS may include one of a groove 109GV (or through hole), a magnetic sensing portion 300MGL, a conductive circuit 300MIC, a circuit conductive pad 300MDC, a conductive pillar, a conductive bump, a conductive connection point, an insulating medium, an adhesive medium, or a combination thereof, through the aforementioned various elements on the multimedia substrate 300MDS, the electrical connection layout between the elements of the pixel array 122PAU should be easy, especially when the pixel array 122PAU includes a plurality of functional elements. Wherein the pixel arrays 122PAU are respectively assembled into the recess 109GV of the multimedia substrate 300MDS, the pixel arrays 122PAU can be configured to be independently detachable, i.e., each pixel array 122PAU is integrally connected to another pixel array 122PAU without any element, so that each pixel array 122PAU can be independently detached from the multimedia device 300MD. Therefore, when a pixel array 122PAU is damaged, it can be removed and replaced with a normal pixel array 122PAU, without replacing the entire set of multimedia devices 300MD.

It is noted that the multimedia device 300MD of fig. 9B may include a plurality of pixel arrays 122PAU, and the display medium modules 122U of the pixel arrays 122PAU may be integrally connected by using the common substrate 122PACS of each pixel array in the pixel array, and may be integrally connected with the

display media

105 and 115 in combination with other common substrates (e.g., the second substrates 115RS and 102 RS) corresponding to the pixels. The display medium modules 122U with a plurality of pixel arrays may be integrally formed, and then the active switch device 116 may be assembled, so that the pixel arrays 122PAU with a more flexible display resolution (regionalization) may be constructed first, and then the regionalized pixel arrays 122PAU may be assembled on a multimedia substrate 300MDS and various conductive signal line elements electrically connected thereto, thereby completing a multimedia device with any resolution.

Referring to fig. 10A and 10B, cross-sectional views of another multimedia device 300MD of fig. 8 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention are shown. The multimedia device 300MD can be divided into two main parts, a multimedia display device 300MDD and a multimedia speaker device 300MSP, etc., according to the actual application. The multimedia display device 300MDD is similar to the multimedia device 300MD, and includes the pixel arrays 122PAU and a multimedia substrate 300MDs. The pixel array 122PAU may be respectively assembled to the multimedia substrate 300MDS, and the pixel array 122PAU includes an active switching element 116 and a display medium module 122U having a plurality of pixel units and display media. The multimedia substrate 300MDS may comprise one of a recess 109GV (or via), a circuit conductive pad 300MDC, a conductive pillar, a conductive bump, a conductive connection point, a conductive trace, an insulating medium, an adhesive medium, or a combination thereof. With the above-mentioned various components on the multimedia substrate 300MDS, the electrical connection layout between the components of each pixel array 122PAU should be easier, especially when the pixel array 122PAU includes a plurality of functional components. The display medium modules 122U of the pixel arrays 122PAU may be integrally connected by using the common substrate 122PACS of each pixel array in the pixel array, and may be integrally connected with the

display media

105 and 115 by matching with other common substrates (e.g., the second substrates 115RS and 102 RS) corresponding to the pixels. In addition, after the display medium module 122U of the pixel array is integrally formed, the active switch element 116 is assembled, so that the pixel array 122PAU with a display resolution which is relatively flexible is constructed (regionalized), and then each regionalized pixel array 122PAU is assembled on a multimedia substrate 300MDS and various conductive signal line elements electrically connected to the multimedia substrate 300MDS, thereby completing the multimedia display device 300MDD with any resolution. In addition, the pixel arrays 122PAU can be configured as an independently removable type, i.e., each pixel array 122PAU is connected to another pixel array 122PAU without any element, so that each pixel array 122PAU can be separately removed from the multimedia display device 300MDD. Therefore, when a pixel array 122PAU is damaged, it can be removed and replaced with a normal pixel array 122PAU, without replacing the entire set of multimedia display device 300MDD.

On the other hand, the multimedia speaker device 300MSP is similar to the multimedia device 300MD and comprises a multimedia substrate 300MDs, an active switching element 116 and a magnetic substrate 300MMS as described above. The multimedia substrate 300MDS may include one of a recess 109GV (or via), a magnetic induction portion 300MGL, a conductive trace 300MIC, a trace conductive pad 300MDC, a conductive pillar, a conductive bump, a conductive connection point, an insulating medium, an adhesive medium, or a combination thereof (some elements are not shown). In addition, a plurality of magnetic induction portions 300MGL (conductive loop patterns) may be formed in the multimedia substrate 300MDS, and at least one cavity portion 300MDV may be formed on the lower surface of the multimedia substrate 300MDS, and the cavity portion 300MDV is relatively located under the magnetic induction portion 300 MGL. In addition, the magnetic induction portion 300MGL may be electrically connected to the active switch element 116 (which may include a plurality of functional elements) for controlling the current magnitude, speed, direction, etc. of the magnetic induction portion 300MGL, so as to generate attraction or repulsion forces with different magnitudes and speeds between the multimedia substrate 300MDS and the magnetic substrate 300MMS, and to generate vibrations with different audio frequencies for the magnetic substrate 300MMS and/or the multimedia substrate 300MDS, thereby forming the lightweight and thin multimedia speaker device 300MSP.

Referring to fig. 11, a cross-sectional view of still another multimedia device 300LTMD is shown in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The multimedia device 300LTMD is similar to the multimedia device 300MD described above, and includes a pixel array 122PAU, a multimedia substrate 300MDs, and a magnetic substrate 300MMS, and may further include a multimedia signal circuit substrate 300MTS and a multimedia light source substrate 300MLS having signal connection functions. The multimedia signal line substrate 300MTS includes one of a plurality of conductive lines 300TIC, line conductive pads 300MTSC, conductive pillars, conductive bumps, conductive connection points, insulating media, adhesive media, or a combination thereof. The multimedia light source substrate 300MLS includes a conductor 300MLC for electrical connection function, and may also include other optical functions (e.g., polarization, refraction, reflection, diffusion, light guide, diffusion, brightness enhancement, or combinations thereof). In addition, the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate or the middle of the substrate can be directly provided with light emitting, light sensing, conductive circuits, heat conduction and other functional elements as light source regulation and control devices.

Specifically, if all of the

display media

105, 115, etc. of the pixel array 122PAU are non-self-luminous media, the multimedia device 300LTMD may further include a light source module 66 located at any side (e.g., the rear side, the top and bottom sides, the front side, the left and right sides) of the display media module 122U of the pixel array 122 PAU. In addition, the multimedia light source substrate 300MLS may be combined with a conductor 300MLC, light emitting, light sensing, conductive circuit, heat conducting and other functional elements or a combination thereof to provide an electrical connection function and/or emit light to the display medium module 122U. If all the

display media

105, 115, etc. of the pixel array 122PAU are self-luminous media or utilize ambient light as a light source, the light source module 66 can be omitted or turned off (i.e. the light source module 66 does not provide light); alternatively, light source module 66 may operate to provide additional light when the light or ambient light provided by

display media

105, 115 from the emissive media material is less than sufficient. On the other hand, each active switch element 116 disposed in the recess of the multimedia substrate 300MDS may pass through the above-mentioned various elements of the multimedia signal line substrate 300MTS, the through hole 109TV embedded with the conductor 118, the first substrate 101PS and/or the second substrate 102RS of the display medium module 122U, and a conductor 300MLC disposed in the multimedia light source substrate 300MLS, which is electrically connected to the pixel array common electrode 122PACE (or the above-mentioned first electrode or second electrode), to control the state of the display medium of each display medium module 122U.

On the other hand, all of the pixel units, the pixel arrays, and the multimedia device may include a functional element 151 with a wireless communication function, and the functional element 151 may wirelessly receive the control signal and the data signal of the control module 33 of the multimedia device 300MD, and further transmit the signals to the active switch element 116. In other words, the control module 33 does not need to be electrically connected to the active switching element 116 through physical wires (e.g., the control signal line 1G and the data signal line 1D shown in fig. 2B). The control module 33 can wirelessly control the active switching element 116, and thus the states of the

display media

105 and 115. In addition, a functional element 151 with wireless communication function can be electrically connected to the pixel units, the pixel array, and the active switch elements 116 of the multimedia device, so that the total number of the functional elements 151 can be less than the total number of the active switch elements 116; the overall number of active switching elements 116 may also be less than the overall number of pixel cells, pixel arrays, multimedia devices.

The functional element 151 with wireless communication function may be of the following types (but is not limited to): one of RF wireless transmission, zigbee wireless transmission, bluetooth communication (Blue-Tooth), infrared, wiFi wireless transmission, personal Area Network (PAN), local Area Network (LAN), near Field Communication (NFC), radio Frequency Identification (RFID), global system for wireless communication (GSM), and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), long Term Evolution (LTE), fifth generation wireless communication, various wireless communication methods, and the like, and combinations thereof.

The combination of the above pixel units, pixel arrays, and display media module shapes of the multimedia device in all different implementations can be (but are not limited to): one of square, rectangular, fan-shaped, triangular, trapezoidal, circular, diamond-shaped, rectangular, regular polygon, irregular, or a combination thereof. The combination of the shapes of the first electrode 101PE, the second electrode 102RE, the pixel electrode and/or the pixel unit common electrode in all the display medium modules can be (but is not limited to) the following: one of a square, rectangle, sector, triangle, trapezoid, circle, diamond, rectangle, regular polygon, irregular shape, or a combination thereof. In addition, geometric patterns (such as square, rectangle, fan, triangle, trapezoid, circle, diamond, rectangle, regular polygon, irregular shape, etc.) can be additionally arranged on the pixel electrode to enhance the display efficacy of the display medium.

Next, the pixel unit, the pixel array, and the pixel array according to the present invention will be described methods of making multimedia devices and applications as multimedia devices.

Referring to fig. 12, a flow chart of steps of a method for manufacturing a pixel unit according to a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown, wherein the method can manufacture one or more of the same or similar pixel units 1PU, 1FKPU, 1FPU, 1T12PU and 2T12PU. The technical contents of the manufacturing method and the technical contents of the pixel units 1PU, 1FKPU, 1FPU, 1T12PU and 2T12PU can be referred to each other.

First, in step S60, an active switching device is fabricated in advance; that is, the active switching elements are fabricated independently of the display media module of the pixel cells, rather than directly on the display media module. The functional element is also fabricated in advance and can be fabricated on the same active switching element substrate (or on a different active switching element substrate) with the active switching element, and the functional element and the active switching element can be the same active switching element substrate (or a different active switching element substrate).

Then, in step S65, the manufactured active switching device is assembled into a display medium module. At this time, the display medium module may be in a manufacturing process, for example, after the active switching element is mounted on the second substrate of the display medium module, the display medium, the pixel unit common electrode 112PCE, the pixel corresponding common electrode 112RCE and the first substrate are sequentially disposed on the second substrate. In step S65, the functional elements may be collectively assembled into the display medium module.

On the other hand, before step S65, the manufactured active switching device is optionally packaged into a package carrier (step S63); functional elements may also be packaged together in the package carrier. Therefore, if the package carrier is not needed, step S63 can be omitted.

Referring to fig. 13, a flowchart illustrating a method for fabricating a pixel array according to a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown. The manufacturing method can manufacture one or more pixel arrays 122PAU, 222PAU that are the same or similar to the embodiments described above, so the technical content of the manufacturing method and the technical content of the pixel arrays 122PAU, 222PAU can be referred to each other.

First, in step S70, an active switching device is fabricated in advance; that is, the active switching elements are fabricated independently of the display media module of the pixel array, rather than directly on the display media module. The functional device is also fabricated in advance, and can be fabricated on the same active switching device substrate (or on a different active switching device substrate) together with the active switching device, and the functional device and the active switching device can be the same active switching device substrate portion (or different active switching device substrate portions).

Then, in step S75, the manufactured active switching element is assembled into a display medium module. At this time, the display medium module may be in the manufacturing process, for example, after the active switching element is mounted on the second substrate of the display medium module, the display medium, the pixel cell common electrode 112PCE, the pixel corresponding common electrode 112RCE and the first substrate are sequentially disposed on the second substrate. In step S75, the functional elements may be collectively assembled into the display medium module.

On the other hand, before step S75, the manufactured active switching device is optionally packaged into a package carrier (step S73); functional elements may also be packaged together in the package carrier. Therefore, if the package carrier is not needed, step S73 can be omitted.

Please refer to fig. 14, which is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a multimedia device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. The manufacturing method can manufacture one or more of the multimedia device 300MD, the multimedia display device 300MDD and the multimedia speaker device 300MSP which are the same or similar to the above embodiments, and therefore, the technical contents of the manufacturing methods can be referred to each other.

In step S80, a pixel array 122PAU is first fabricated; that is, as step S83, the multimedia substrate including the magnetic sensing portion 300MGL and the cavity portion 300MDV is constructed, and the pixel array is independently fabricated, not directly fabricated on the multimedia substrate. Then, in step S85, the pixel arrays 122PAU are assembled in the multimedia substrate 300MDS after being configured as independent load-and-unload type (i.e. each pixel array 122PAU has no element integrally connected) or being configured as pixel arrays with regional display resolution. In addition, in step S88, the multimedia substrate 300MDS and a magnetic substrate 300MMS are assembled together, so that the magnetic sensing portion 300MGL can be electrically connected to the active switch element 116 of the pixel array to control the current magnitude, speed and direction of the magnetic sensing portion 300 MGL. The multimedia substrate 300MDS and the magnetic substrate 300MMS generate attraction or repulsion forces with different magnitudes and speeds, so that the magnetic substrate 300MMS and/or the multimedia substrate 300MDS generate sound vibrations with different audio frequencies, and then the image pixels displayed by the pixel array 122PAU are matched to form a multimedia device with a loudspeaker function and light weight. The multimedia device can be applied to electronic products such as computers, mobile phones and the like, and can also be applied to any articles needing additional display and sound functions such as vehicles, wearing articles, buildings, advertising articles, advertising signboards and the like.

Please refer to fig. 15 to 17. Fig. 15 is a top view of a display device 400MD according to another preferred embodiment of the invention. Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the display device 400MD according to fig. 15 along the sectional line 16-16'. Fig. 17 is an assembly diagram of the display device 400MD according to the present invention. The display device 400MD includes the multimedia substrate 300MDs and the magnetic substrate 300MMS described above. The pixel array 122PAU of the multimedia device 300MD is replaced by a plurality of pixel arrays 322PAU of the display device 400 MD. Each pixel array 322PAU includes a display media module 322U, an active switching element 116, and a connection module 330. Display media module 322U contains at least two pairs of electrodes 310 and display media 105. Each pair of electrodes 310 includes a first electrode 101PE and a second electrode 102RE. One of the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE may be integrally connected to serve as a pixel corresponding electrode. In the embodiment, the display medium module 322U has four pairs of electrodes 310, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The display medium 105 is disposed between the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE of the display medium module 322U. The active switching element 116 enables the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE to change the state of the display medium 105 by being electrically connected to the first electrode 101PE. The connection module 330 may also be an intermediate medium integrated with the display medium module 322U, and may be disposed in the through hole 309TV of the pixel array 322PAU and/or the recess 109GV of the multimedia substrate 300MDS, the pixel array 322PAU, or the display medium module 322U. The connection module 330 includes a plurality of electrical conductors 118 for electrically connecting the active switching elements 116 of the pixel array 322PAU with the first electrode 101PE of the display media module 322U. The perforations 309TV may be formed in the pixel array 322PAU in the display media module 322U by laser, etching, or punching. The connection module 330 may further include an electromagnetic interference (EMI) shield 332 and/or an insulating material 333. An electromagnetic interference (EMI) shield 332 is used to prevent electromagnetic interference (EMI) or Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) from affecting the signals carried by the electrical conductors 118, and an insulating material 333 is used to insulate the electrical conductors 118 from each other.

In an embodiment, each pixel array 322PAU is comprised of four pixel units 320. Each pixel cell 320 includes a pair of electrodes 310 comprising 101PE and 102RE, a conductive body 118 connecting the modules 330, and a transistor portion 116T of the active switching element 116. Since the four pixel cells 320 share the same connection module 330, the time to form all the perforations 309TV of the display device 400MD is one-fourth of the time required to form all the perforations 109TV in the multimedia device 300MD of fig. 9B. If the number of pixel arrays 322PAU of the display device 400MD is the same as the number of pixel arrays 122PAU of the multimedia device 300MD.

Please refer to fig. 18 and 19. Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a display device 500MD according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 19 is an assembly diagram of the display device 500 MD. The display device 500MD is similar to the display device 400MD shown in fig. 16 and 17. The display devices 400MD and 500MD are different in that the pixel arrays 322PAU of the display device 500MD are formed in the array substrate 500S, and the pixel arrays 322PAU of the display device 400MD are separated from each other.

Please refer to fig. 20 to 22. Fig. 20 is a top view of a display device 600MD according to another preferred embodiment of the invention. Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the display device 600MD according to fig. 20 along the sectional line 21-21'. Fig. 22 is an assembly view of the display device 600MD of fig. 20 according to the present invention. The display device 600MD includes a plurality of pixel arrays 622 PAUs. Each pixel array 622PAU includes a display media module 622U, an active switching element 116, and a connection module 630. Display media module 622U includes at least two pairs of electrodes and a display medium 105. Each pair of electrodes includes a first electrode 101PE and a second electrode 102RE. In the embodiment, the display medium module 622U has four pairs of electrodes 310, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The display medium 105 is disposed between the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE of the display medium module 622U. The active switching element 116 is disposed at a side of the display medium module 622U. Each active switching element 116 is electrically connected to the first electrode 101PE, the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE are enabled to change the state of the display medium 105. A plurality of perforations 609TV may be formed in the display device 600 MD. The connection module 630 may also be an intermediate medium integrated with the display medium module 622U and may be disposed in the through hole 609TV of the pixel array 622PAU. The connection module 630 includes a plurality of electrical conductors 118 for electrically connecting the active switching elements 116 of the pixel array 622PAU with the first electrode 101PE of the display media module 622U. The connection module 630 may include an insulating material 333 for isolating the conductors 118 from each other.

In another embodiment, the connection module may be a pitch connector. Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view of a pixel array 722PAU of a display device according to another preferred embodiment of the invention. Fig. 24 is an assembly diagram of the pixel array 722PAU according to fig. 23. The pixel array 722PAU includes a display medium module 722U, an active switching device 116, and a connection module 730. Display media module 722U includes at least two pairs of electrodes and a display medium 105. Each pair of electrodes includes a first electrode 101PE and a second electrode 102RE. In the embodiment, the display medium module 722U has four pairs of electrodes 710, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The display media 105 is disposed between the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE of the display media module 722U. The active switching element 116 enables the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE to change the state of the display medium 105 by being electrically connected to the first electrode 101PE. The connection module 730 may also be a pitch connector integrated with the display media module 722U and may be disposed in the aperture 309TV of the pixel array 722 PAU. The connection module 730 includes a plurality of

electrical conductors

118A, 118B, and 118C for electrically connecting the active switching elements 116 of the pixel array 722PAU with the first electrode 101PE of the display media module 722U. The perforations 309TV may be formed in the pixel array 722PAU in the display media module 722U by laser, etching, or punching. The pitch P1 between the two conductors 118A and the active switching element is less than the pitch P2 between the two conductors 118C and the first electrode 101PE.

In an embodiment, each pixel array 722PAU is comprised of four pixel cells 720. Each pixel cell 720 includes a pair of electrodes 710 and 101PE and 102RE, three

conductors

118A, 118B and 118C connecting the conductors of the module 730, and a transistor portion 116T of the active switching element 116.

Please refer to fig. 25 to 28. FIG. 25 is a top view of a pixel array 822PAU according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 26 is an enlarged view of the connection module 830 of the pixel array 822PAU of fig. 25. FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view of the pixel array 822PAU according to FIG. 25 along section line 27-27'. FIG. 28 is an assembly diagram of a pixel array 822PAU according to the present invention. The pixel array 822PAU includes a display medium module 822U, an active switching device 116, and a connection module 830. Display media module 822U includes at least sixteen pairs of electrodes and a display medium 105. Each pair of electrodes comprises a first electrode 101PE and a second electrode 102RE. The display medium 105 is disposed between the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE of the display medium module 822U. The active switching element 116 enables the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE to change the state of the display medium 105 by being electrically connected to the first electrode 101PE. The connection module 830 may also be an integrated medium with the display media module 822U and disposed in the through hole 309TV of the display media module 822U. The connection module 830 includes sixteen electrical conductors 118 for electrically connecting the active switching elements 116 of the pixel array 822PAU with the first electrode 101PE of the display media module 822U. The perforations 309TV may be formed in the pixel array 822PAU in the display media module 822U by laser, etching, or punching.

Please refer to fig. 25-30. FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view of the pixel array 822PAU along section line 29-29' of FIG. 25. FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the pixel array 822PAU along section line 30-30' of FIG. 25. Some of the conductors 118 of the connection module 830 are coupled to the first electrode 101PE of the display media module 822U by a plurality of conductors 850, so that the transistor portion 116T of the active switching element 116 can charge the first electrode 101PE through the

conductors

118 and 850. Conductors 850 may be formed in one or more layers of display media module 822U. As shown in fig. 29 and 30, the first electrode 101PE can be charged and/or discharged by the active switching element 116 alone.

Please refer to fig. 31 to 32. FIG. 31 is a top view of a pixel array 922PAU according to another preferred embodiment of the invention. FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of the pixel array 922PAU according to FIG. 31 taken along section line 32-32'. The pixel array 922PAU includes a display media module 922U, an active switching element 116, and a connection module 930 on the display media module 922U. Display media module 922U contains at least sixteen pairs of electrodes and a display medium 105. Each pair of electrodes comprises a first electrode 101PE and a second electrode 102RE. The display medium 105 is disposed between the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE of the display medium module 922U. The active switching element 116 enables the first electrode 101PE and the second electrode 102RE to change the state of the display medium 105 by being electrically connected to the first electrode 101PE. The connection module 930, which may also be integrated with the display media module 922U, includes a plurality of electrical conductors 118 for electrically connecting the active switching elements 116 of the pixel array 922PAU with the first electrode 101PE of the display media module 922U, and is disposed in the through hole 309TV of the pixel array 922 PAU. The conductive body 118 may form one or more layers in the display media module 922U, as shown in FIG. 32, so that the first electrode 101PE can be charged and/or discharged by the active switching element 116 alone.

The above describes the technology of the pixel unit, the pixel array, the multimedia device and the manufacturing method thereof according to the embodiments of the present invention, and the technical contents of the embodiments of the display device according to the present invention. The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof. Variations and equivalent arrangements that may be readily accomplished by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains are within the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is subject to the claims.

Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous modifications and adaptations may be made to the apparatus and methods while retaining the teachings of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the present invention should not be construed as limited by such embodiments, but rather construed according to the below claims.

Claims

1. An array of pixels, comprising:

the display medium module comprises at least two pairs of electrodes and a display medium, wherein the electrodes in a pair comprise a first electrode, a second electrode and the display medium arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode of the display medium module;

an active switching element electrically connected to the first electrode for enabling the first electrode and the second electrode to change the state of the display medium; and

a connection module, integrated with the display media module, comprising a plurality of conductors for electrically connecting the active switching elements of the pixel array to the first electrode of the display media module.

2. The pixel array of claim 1, wherein the connection module is a medium disposed in the display medium module and/or the through hole of the pixel array.

3. The pixel array of claim 1, wherein the active switching device comprises an active switching device substrate portion and a transistor portion formed directly on the active switching device substrate portion.

4. The pixel array of claim 1, wherein the connection module is disposed on the display medium module and/or the pixel array.

5. The pixel array of claim 1, wherein the connection module comprises an electromagnetic interference shield and/or an insulating material for electrically isolating the electrical conductors.

6. The pixel array of claim 1, wherein the connecting means is a dielectric and the distance between two conductors connecting the active switching elements is less than the distance between two conductors connecting the first electrodes.

7. A display device, comprising:

a plurality of pixel arrays, each of the pixel arrays comprising:

the display medium module comprises at least two pairs of electrodes and a display medium, wherein the electrodes in a pair comprise a first electrode, a second electrode and a display medium arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode of the display medium module;

an active switching element electrically connected to the first electrode for making the first electrode

Changing the state of the display medium with the second electrode; and

a connection module integrated with the display media module, a plurality of conductors are included for electrically connecting the active switching elements of the pixel array to the first electrode of the display media module.

8. The display device according to claim 7, wherein the connection module is a medium disposed in the display medium module and/or the through holes of the pixel array.

9. The display device according to claim 7, wherein the active switching element comprises an active switching element substrate portion and a transistor portion formed directly on the active switching element substrate portion.

10. The display device according to claim 7, wherein the connection module is disposed on the display medium module and/or the pixel array.

11. The display device according to claim 7, wherein the connection module comprises an electromagnetic interference shield and/or an insulating material for electrically isolating the electrical conductors.

12. The display device according to claim 7, wherein the connection module is a medium, and the distance between the two conductors connected with the active switching element is smaller than the distance between the two conductors connected with the first electrode.

13. A method of fabricating a pixel array, comprising:

a display medium module forming said pixel array, said display medium module comprising at least two pairs of electrodes and a display medium, said pairs of electrodes comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and a display medium disposed between said first electrode and said second electrode of said display medium module;

forming an active switching element of the pixel array, the active switching element being electrically connected to the first electrode for causing the first electrode and the second electrode to change the state of the display medium; and

a connection module is embedded in the display medium module, and the active switching element is electrically connected to the first electrode through a plurality of conductors of the connection module.

14. The method of manufacturing a pixel array according to claim 13, further comprising:

forming a through hole in the pixel array; and

wherein the connection module is a medium disposed in the through hole.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the through-holes are formed in the pixel array by laser, etching, or punching the display media module.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein the connection module is disposed on the display medium module and/or the pixel array.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein the active switching device comprises an active switching device substrate portion and a transistor portion directly formed on the active switching device substrate portion.

18. The method of claim 13, wherein the connection module comprises an EMI mask.

19. The method of claim 13, wherein the connection module comprises an insulating material for electrically isolating the conductors.

20. The method of claim 13, wherein the connecting member is a dielectric, and the distance between two conductors connecting the active switching elements is smaller than the distance between two conductors connecting the first electrodes.