CN115140108A - Oxygen generation method for plateau railway passenger car - Google Patents
Oxygen generation method for plateau railway passenger car Download PDFInfo
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- CN115140108A CN115140108A CN202110344682.8A CN202110344682A CN115140108A CN 115140108 A CN115140108 A CN 115140108A CN 202110344682 A CN202110344682 A CN 202110344682A CN 115140108 A CN115140108 A CN 115140108A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
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Abstract
The invention provides an oxygen generation method for a plateau railway passenger car, wherein the passenger car comprises a plurality of oxygen generation systems which are controlled by an oxygen generation control system in a centralized manner, each oxygen generation system comprises an air compressor and an oxygen generator, and the oxygen generation control system calculates a set value of oxygen concentration in the car according to received data information and controls the working mode of each oxygen generation system. According to the method for generating oxygen for the plateau railway passenger car, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the car is effectively reduced by arranging the air component purification device, and the quality of air in the car is improved, so that the demand of fresh air of an air conditioner is reduced, the demand of oxygen generation amount is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of an oxygen generation system is realized; the fresh air quantity of the air conditioner is reduced by controlling the opening of the fresh air valve, the demand of oxygen-enriched air is reduced, and the energy consumption of an oxygen generation system is reduced by over 50 percent; the refrigerating capacity/heating capacity of the air conditioning unit is also reduced, and the comprehensive energy-saving effect is quite remarkable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway carriages, in particular to an oxygen generation method for a plateau railway carriage.
Background
The subway in western China is harsh in environment, high in altitude and low in oxygen concentration, people in inland plain areas cannot adapt to local low-oxygen environment in the past and then generate altitude reaction, in the past, few railways exist, and people usually arrive at the plateau areas through automobiles and airplanes, carry oxygen bottles and oxygen bags on the automobiles and absorb oxygen at any time so as to ensure body safety. With the western development plan of the country, railways are laid in western plateau areas such as Qingdao, tibet and the like, so that the communication between common railway passengers and freight trains, high-speed railway lines and inland plain areas is realized, and the transportation of passengers and materials is realized. The passenger train and the high-speed rail are comfortable and safe to take, the price is low, the western scenery can be watched through the windows along the way, the altitude slowly rises in the advancing process of the train, and a process relatively adaptive to a low-oxygen environment can be provided for passengers. In order to ensure the oxygen demand of the driver and the passengers in the interior of the train carriage or the cab of the freight train, an oxygen generation system is required to be arranged in the passenger train, the high-speed rail and high-grade railway passenger train carriage and the cab so as to improve the oxygen concentration in the train and ensure the riding comfort of the passengers in the plateau state. According to the standard requirement of GB/T33193.1 part 1 of air-conditioning of railway vehicles, namely comfort parameter, the volume concentration of carbon dioxide in the plateau railway vehicle can not exceed 0.25%. In order to ensure that the carbon dioxide concentration and the like in the vehicle do not exceed standard required values, the vehicle needs to continuously suck a certain amount of fresh air outside the vehicle and simultaneously exhaust dirty air or air with higher carbon dioxide concentration in a carriage, and because the oxygen content of the sucked outside fresh air is lower in a plateau area and part of oxygen supplemented by an oxygen generation system in the vehicle is exhausted, oxidation waste is caused, and an oxygen generation method needs to be found to ensure that the oxygen concentration in the carriage is constant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to solve the problems and the defects and provides an oxygen generation method for a plateau railway passenger car.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides an oxygen generation system for a plateau railway passenger car, which adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a plateau railway passenger train is with system oxygen method, the passenger train includes a plurality of system oxygen systems by system oxygen control system centralized control, system oxygen system includes air compressor machine, oxygenerator, system oxygen control system calculates the interior oxygen concentration setting value of car according to received data information, and control each system oxygen system's mode.
Further, the data information includes an atmospheric pressure value of the environment of the train detected by an atmospheric pressure sensor, and the refrigeration control system calculates the oxygen concentration set value according to the received atmospheric pressure value and a built-in algorithm.
Further, the oxygen generation control system calculates the oxygen concentration set value by using a formula Cos = (23 + (H-3000)/1000)% where Cos is the in-vehicle oxygen concentration set value and H is an altitude value converted from the atmospheric pressure in m.
Furthermore, the oxygen generation control system also comprises a single-vehicle oxygen generation control device and a centralized oxygen generation control device, wherein the single-vehicle oxygen generation control device respectively calculates the oxygen concentration target value of each carriage according to the received atmospheric pressure value by using a built-in algorithm, transmits the calculation result to the centralized oxygen generation control device for average value calculation, obtains an oxygen concentration set value, and controls the working state of the oxygen generation system according to the oxygen concentration set value.
Further, the oxygen generation control system controls the working mode of the oxygen generation system according to the oxygen concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration in the vehicle.
Further, the oxygen generation control system controls the working mode of the oxygen generation system according to the real-time oxygen concentration and the target oxygen concentration value in the vehicle, wherein,
△C O2 when the air pressure is more than or equal to A, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, and the fresh air valve is turned down by b1 DEG every a1 minute;
when A1 <. DELTA.C O2 When the air pressure is less than A, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, and the fresh air valve is adjusted every a2 minutesB2 degrees;
when A2 is less than or equal to Delta C O2 Less than or equal to A3 and C CO2 When the air pressure is larger than X and lasts for m minutes, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, the fresh air valve is increased by b3 degrees every A3 minutes, wherein A2 is larger than or equal to A3 and is smaller than or equal to 0;
when A2 is less than or equal to Delta C O2 Less than or equal to A3 and C CO2 Less than X for n minutes, reducing the frequency of the air compressor by b4Hz every a4 minutes, and reducing the fresh air valve by b5 degrees every a5 minutes, wherein A2 is more than or equal to A3 is more than or equal to 0;
when Δ C O2 When the air pressure is less than A2, the air compressor stops working;
wherein Δ C O2 ＝C OS -C OA ；
△C O2 : difference between set value of oxygen concentration in vehicle and real-time actual concentration, C OS : oxygen concentration set value in vehicle, C OA : actual oxygen concentration in the vehicle.
Further, the oxygen generation control system controls the opening of the electric valve in front of the membrane of the oxygen generator according to the real-time concentration of oxygen in the vehicle, and the oxygen generation system controls the running frequency of the air compressor according to the pressure value in front of the membrane of the oxygen generator.
Further, when Δ C O2 When the air pressure is larger than or equal to A, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, and the air valve is turned to be small by b1 DEG every a1 minute;
when A1 <. DELTA.C O2 When the air temperature is less than A, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, and the fresh air valve is turned down by b2 degrees every a2 minutes;
when A2 is less than or equal to Delta C O2 Less than or equal to A3 and C CO2 When the air pressure is greater than X and lasts for m1 minute, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, the fresh air valve is increased by b3 degrees every A3 minutes, wherein A2 is greater than or equal to A3 and is less than or equal to 0;
when A2 is less than or equal to Delta C O2 Less than or equal to A3 and C CO2 And when the frequency is less than X and lasts m2 minutes, the frequency of the air compressor is reduced by b4Hz every a4 minutes, the opening of the electric valve in front of the membrane is reduced by z degrees every n minutes, the opening of the fresh air valve is reduced by b5 degrees every a5 minutes, wherein A2 is more than or equal to A3 and is less than or equal to 0.
Further, after the opening of the electric valve before the membrane is adjusted, the pressure Pf before the membrane changes, and the air compressor automatically adjusts the working frequency according to the pressure change before the membrane, specifically:
within the time T1, if P1 is less than delta P and less than P2, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is unchanged;
within the time T1, if P2 is less than delta P and less than P3, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by h1;
within the time T1, if P3 is more than delta P and less than P4, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by h2;
within T1 time, if P4 is more than delta P and less than P5, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by h3;
within the time T1, if P6 is less than delta P and less than P7, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by h4;
and so on;
within the time T2, if P2 is less than delta P and less than P1, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by H1;
within the time T2, if P3 is less than delta P and less than P2, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by H2;
within the time T2, if P4 is less than delta P and less than P3, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by H3;
within the time T2, if P5 is less than delta P and less than P4, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by H4;
and so on;
wherein Δ P = Pf-Ps, pf is an actual pre-membrane pressure, ps is a pressure set value, P1 to P7 are constants, P1 is a negative number, P2 is a positive number, units MPa, P1 to P5 are negative numbers, units MPa, H1 to H4 are constants that increase in sequence, units Hz.
Furthermore, an air purification device is arranged in each carriage, after the oxygen generation system is started, the air purification device continuously operates, and after the oxygen generation system is stopped, the air purification device is automatically stopped.
In conclusion, compared with the prior art, the method for preparing oxygen for the plateau railway carriage has the following advantages:
1. the concentration of carbon dioxide in the vehicle is effectively reduced by arranging the air component purification device, so that the demand of fresh air of an air conditioner is reduced, the demand on oxygen production is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of an oxygen production system is realized;
2. by the air purification device, the concentration of oxygen in the carriage is improved, and harmful gases such as formaldehyde, TVOC and the like are reduced;
3. the total power consumption of an oxygen generation system of each train (15 passenger trains) of the existing Tibet passenger train is about 600kW or more, the average power of each train is about 40kW, and the air purification device is added to absorb carbon dioxide in the train, control the opening of a fresh air valve, reduce the fresh air quantity of an air conditioner, reduce the demand of oxygen-enriched air and reduce the energy consumption of the oxygen generation system by 50 percent or more;
4. the refrigerating capacity/heating capacity of the air conditioning unit is also reduced by reducing the fresh air volume, and the comprehensive energy-saving effect is quite obvious.
5. The device has the characteristics of reliability, energy conservation, convenience in installation and the like;
6. according to calculation, the fresh air of the air conditioner can be reduced by 4m by additionally arranging a gas purification device in the oxygen generation system 3 The reaction time is less than h;
7. the vehicle control and the single vehicle control are separated, the control method is flexibly set according to the environmental requirements, and the energy is saved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1: the invention provides an oxygen generation control schematic diagram in an oxygen generation method for a plateau railway passenger car;
FIG. 2: the invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a centralized control mode in an oxygen generation method for a plateau railway passenger car;
the system comprises an oxygen generator 1, an air compressor 2, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor 3, an oxygen concentration sensor 4, a fresh air valve 5, a bicycle oxygen generation control device 6, an air purification device 7, a pressure sensor 8 in front of a membrane, a centralized oxygen generation control device 9, a train network 10, an atmospheric pressure sensor 11 and an electric valve 12.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
The invention provides an oxygen generation method for a plateau railway passenger car, wherein the passenger car comprises a plurality of oxygen generation systems which are controlled by an oxygen generation control system in a centralized manner, each oxygen generation system comprises an air compressor and an oxygen generator, and the oxygen generation control system calculates a set value of oxygen concentration in the car according to received data information and controls the working mode of each oxygen generation system.
As shown in figure 1, the oxygen generation system for the plateau railway passenger car is characterized in that each carriage is provided with a group of oxygen generation systems, each group of oxygen generation systems comprises one or more oxygen generators 1, an air compressor 2 and an air conditioning unit, each carriage is provided with a single-car oxygen generation control device 6, and the single-car oxygen generation control device is electrically connected or in signal connection with the carriage oxygen generation system, so that the working state and the working mode of the single-car oxygen generation control system are controlled.
The specific structure of the oxygen generation system is introduced by taking a rail vehicle passenger train as an example, and the driver cab of the freight train can be applied after the adaptability improvement of the passenger train is referred. Air compressor machine 2 will follow the high-pressure gas under the external fresh air compression that absorbs of car under the rated pressure condition, provide the high-pressure air after the compression to each oxygenerator 1 through compressed air piping, supply with oxygenerator 1 and make the oxygen-enriched air, air compressor machine 2 is equipped with the intelligent cooling system that can export behind the air cooling after the compression to the settlement temperature, can effectively reduce air conditioning unit's refrigerating output, and simultaneously, bicycle system oxygen controlling means 6 has integrateed the converter, through the rotational speed of converter control air compressor machine 2, reduce the energy consumption of air compressor machine 2, or adopt permanent magnetism frequency conversion air compressor machine, it has higher efficiency to compare traditional air compressor machine, consequently, can further reduce system oxygen system's power.
The oxygen-enriched air generated by each oxygen generator 1 is released into a carriage through an oxygen-enriched pipeline, or the oxygen generators 1 are communicated with an oxygen-enriched storage tank, the generated oxygen-enriched air is stored in the storage tank, and is conveyed into the carriage through the oxygen-enriched pipeline 12 under the control of the single-vehicle oxygen generation control device 6 when needed, so that the oxygen concentration in the vehicle is adjusted, the oxygen requirement of passengers is ensured, meanwhile, the oxygen-enriched air can be prepared in advance in a plain area without oxygen requirement, and the work load of the oxygen generators 1 in plateau areas is effectively reduced. In this embodiment, oxygenerator 1 adopts the membrane separation oxygenerator, adopt the membrane separation principle, after producing high-pressure air with air compressor machine 2 through membrane separation, at the low pressure infiltration side (the one side that sees through the membrane) discharge oxygen-enriched gas of membrane, at the opposite side of membrane module (the part that does not see through) exhaust tail gas (waste gas, mainly nitrogen gas), consequently oxygenerator 1's membrane both sides respectively with oxygen-enriched pipeline and exhaust pipe intercommunication, the oxygen-enriched pipeline produces the oxygen-enriched air with the oxygenerator and carries the carriage in, exhaust pipe is outside the car with the waste tail gas that the oxygen generation in-process produced in the side of not passing through of membrane. In the embodiment, an oxygen separation membrane capable of working under low pressure is selected, the membrane can generate oxygen-enriched air with the concentration of 40% under the working pressure of 5 Bar-8 Bar, and the consumed air quantity is not increased, so that the compressed air quantity required by the oxygen generator 1 is not changed, but the pressure is obviously reduced, thereby reducing the power of the air compressor 2 and reducing the energy consumption of the whole oxygen generation system.
In order to protect the membrane of the oxygen generator 1 and prevent the membrane from being damaged by impact caused by overhigh pressure of compressed air, a pressure sensor 8 in front of the oxygen generator 1 (one end communicated with a compressed air pipeline) for detecting the pressure flowing to the oxygen generator 1 can be arranged, the operating frequency of the air compressor 2 is adjusted according to the pressure of the pressure sensor 8 in front of the membrane, and the compressed air with rated pressure is delivered to the oxygen generator 1. The output end of the oxygen generator 1 and one end communicated with the oxygen-enriched pipeline are provided with a flow valve, and the oxygen concentration in the carriage can be controlled by controlling the opening degree of the flow valve.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the oxygen generation control system comprises a centralized oxygen generation control device 9 and a single-train oxygen generation control device 6, wherein the centralized oxygen generation control device 9 can be an independent control module or integrated in a passenger train control system, and is communicated with the single-train oxygen generation control device 6 through a train network 10, so that the system has control and state monitoring functions on the single-train oxygen generation control device 6 and controls the working states and working modes of all oxygen generation systems in a whole train. Therefore, in this embodiment, the oxygen generation control system divides the whole oxygen generation control into two modes of "centralized control" and "vehicle control" through the centralized oxygen generation control device 9 and the single vehicle oxygen generation control device 6, and in a normal state, a centralized control mode (hereinafter, referred to as "centralized control mode") is implemented, the centralized oxygen generation control device 9 sets the oxygen concentration in each compartment of the whole train, and controls the working modes and the working states of each oxygen generation system, that is, controls the working states of each oxygen generator 1 and each air compressor, and the start-stop and start-stop sequence, the number of operations, the operation sequence and the operation frequency of each air compressor, so that energy can be better saved, the duration of the working states of each device is substantially the same, and the service life of each device is prolonged. The single-vehicle oxygen generation control device 6 arranged in each carriage receives control information sent by the centralized oxygen generation control system through a train network, collects data information required in the oxygen generation control process, processes related data according to a built-in pre-stored algorithm, or transmits the collected data information and the processed data to the centralized oxygen generation control system 9 through the train network, and outputs a control instruction after calculation through the built-in algorithm, so that the whole-vehicle oxygen generation control and the oxygen concentration control of each carriage are realized. The central control mode and the vehicle control mode can be freely switched, the switching mode can be controlled by a set program, the central oxygen generation control device 9 can release or start the central control mode according to the set program, or the control mode can be adjusted on each single vehicle oxygen generation control device 6 under the central control mode, so that the vehicle control mode is implemented in the vehicle. The centralized control mode and the vehicle control mode may be set according to a predetermined program, which is not the main point of the invention of this embodiment and is not limited.
Because the passenger train mainly moves in the plateau district, under the different height above sea level, atmospheric pressure is different, along with the rising of height above sea level, oxygen content among the external environment reduces, after the outside air is introduced by fresh air valve 5, the oxygen concentration of air also reduces in the car thereupon, system oxygen system still includes atmospheric pressure sensor 11, atmospheric pressure sensor 11 can the external atmospheric pressure of real-time detection, system oxygen control system embeds the carriage that different atmospheric pressure/height above sea level interval correspond and sets for the oxygen concentration setting value corresponding table, as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 set oxygen concentration in cars at different altitudes
| Altitude height | Oxygen concentration set value in vehicle |
| 2500～3000 | 23％ |
| 3000～3500 | 23.5％ |
| 3500～4000 | 24％ |
| 4000～4500 | 24.5％ |
| 4500～5000 | 25％ |
The higher the altitude, the lower the atmospheric pressure, and the higher the in-vehicle set oxygen concentration. The oxygen generation control system is electrically connected or in signal connection with the atmospheric pressure sensor 11, receives data of the atmospheric pressure sensor in real time or at regular time, sets a target oxygen concentration value in the carriage according to the built-in program and the real-time value of the atmospheric pressure sensor 11 according to the example of the table 1, controls the working state of the oxygen generation system, and conveys oxygen-enriched air to the carriage to adjust the oxygen concentration in the carriage.
In order to realize the refined control of the oxygen concentration in the vehicle, in the embodiment, under the centralized control mode, the atmospheric pressure sensor 11 detects the atmospheric pressure of the passenger vehicle in real time and transmits the atmospheric pressure to the bicycle oxygen generation control device 6, the bicycle oxygen generation control device 6 converts the received atmospheric pressure value into the altitude, calculates the set value concentration of the oxygen concentration in the vehicle according to the formula 1, and uploads the calculation result to the centralized oxygen generation control system 9.
Equation 1: c OS ＝(23+(H-3000)/1000)％
Note: c OS -an in-vehicle oxygen concentration target value;
h-altitude, unit m.
The number of the atmospheric pressure sensors 11 can be determined according to the landform characteristics of the operation area, only one atmospheric pressure sensor 11 can be arranged in a high altitude area with stable altitude change in the operation area, or the atmospheric pressure sensors 11 can be arranged in a conventional one-by-one mode, the atmospheric pressure sensors 11 are connected with the adjacent bicycle oxygen generation control device 6 by adopting the principle of proximity, and the bicycle oxygen generation control device 6 calculates according to the method and uploads the calculation result to the centralized oxygen generation control system 9; several cars may share one atmospheric pressure sensor 11, or as shown in the present embodiment, each car may be provided with an atmospheric pressure sensor 11 connected to the own car oxygen generation control device 6 of the own car, and each own car oxygen generation control device 6 may calculate the in-car target oxygen concentration set value. In the centralized control mode, the vehicle oxygen generation control device 6 uploads the calculation result to the centralized oxygen generation control device 9, the centralized oxygen generation control device 9 processes a plurality of collected target oxygen concentration set values, the maximum value and the minimum value which have the largest influence on data processing are removed, the average value of the rest data is calculated, and the calculated average value is used as the target value for controlling the oxygen concentration in each compartment. Under the vehicle control mode, the oxygen concentration set value in each compartment is automatically set by the vehicle oxygen generation control device 6 according to the calculation result according to the altitude value of the vehicle.
The centralized oxygen generation control device 9 and/or the single-vehicle oxygen generation control device 6 can implement energy-saving control on each oxygen generator 1 and the air compressor 2 so as to adjust the oxygen concentration in the carriage to reach the oxygen concentration set value calculated according to the atmospheric pressure value in the foregoing. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the control method 1 is based on the control method of the real-time oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration in the vehicle:
when Δ C O2 When the air pressure is more than or equal to A, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, the fresh air valve is turned down by b1 degrees every a1 minute, the working states of the air compressor 2 and the oxygen generator 1 are maintained, oxygen-enriched air is quantitatively input into the vehicle, the introduction of fresh air with low oxygen content outdoors is reduced, the oxygen concentration in the vehicle is improved, and if delta C can be set O2 When the air pressure is more than or equal to 1 percent, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, and the fresh air valve is adjusted to be reduced by b1 degree every a1 minute, for example, the air pressure can be adjusted to be reduced by 5 degrees every 3 minutes;
when A1 <. DELTA.C O2 When the air pressure is less than A, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, the fresh air valve is turned down by b2 degrees every a2 minutes, the working states of the air compressor 2 and the oxygen generator 1 are maintained, oxygen-enriched air is quantitatively input into the vehicle, the introduction of fresh air with low oxygen content outdoors is reduced, the oxygen concentration in the vehicle is improved, and if the oxygen concentration can be set to be 0.5 percent less than delta C O2 When less than 1%The air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, and the air compressor is adjusted to be smaller by 3 degrees every 3 minutes;
when A2 is less than or equal to Delta C O2 Less than or equal to A3 and C CO2 When the air pressure is larger than X and lasts for m minutes, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, the fresh air valve is adjusted to b3 degrees every A3 minutes, wherein A2 is larger than or equal to A3 and is smaller than or equal to 0, the working states of the air compressor 2 and the oxygen generator 1 are maintained, oxygen-enriched air is quantitatively input into the vehicle, meanwhile, fresh air introduction of outdoor low oxygen content is improved, and the oxygen concentration in the vehicle is improved, if the oxygen concentration can be set, when delta C is larger than or equal to-0.5 percent and is larger than or equal to O2 Not more than 0 and C CO2 The air compressor does not work down when the air pressure is more than 0.3 percent and lasts for 3 minutes, and the fresh air valve is increased by 1 degree every 3 minutes;
when A2 is less than or equal to Delta C O2 Less than or equal to A3 and C CO2 Less than X for n minutes, reducing b4Hz in every a4 minutes of the frequency of the air compressor, reducing b5 degrees in every a5 minutes of the fresh air valve, wherein A2 is more than or equal to A3 and is less than or equal to 0, reducing the working state of the air compressor 2 and the oxygen generator 1, reducing the amount of oxygen-enriched air input into the vehicle, reducing the introduction of fresh air with low oxygen content outdoors, and improving the oxygen concentration in the vehicle, if settable, when delta C is more than or equal to-0.5% O2 Not more than 0 and C CO2 Less than 0.25% for 3 minutes, reducing the frequency of the air compressor by 5Hz every 3 minutes, and reducing the fresh air valve by 1 degree every 3 minutes;
when Δ C O2 When the air pressure is less than A2, the air compressor stops working, oxygen-enriched air is stopped to be conveyed into the vehicle, and the oxygen concentration in the vehicle is maintained or gradually reduced, wherein A2 is less than or equal to 0, and if delta C can be set O2 When the air pressure is less than-0.5%, the air compressor stops working.
Wherein Δ C O2 ＝C OS -C OA ；
△C O2 : the difference between the set value of the oxygen concentration in the vehicle and the real-time actual concentration;
C OS : a set value of oxygen concentration in the vehicle;
C OA : actual oxygen concentration in the vehicle;
C CO2 : the carbon dioxide concentration in the vehicle.
The control method 2 is based on the control method of oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration and pre-membrane pressure, in the method, the opening degree of the pre-membrane electric valve 12 is automatically controlled by an oxygen generation control system according to the oxygen concentration in the vehicle, the pressure value of the pre-membrane pressure sensor 8 is fed back to the oxygen generation system, and the running frequency of the air compressor 2 is controlled. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
when Δ C O2 When the air pressure is more than or equal to A, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, the fresh air valve is turned down by b1 degrees every a1 minute, the working states of the air compressor 2 and the oxygen generator 1 are maintained, oxygen-enriched air is quantitatively input into the vehicle, the introduction of fresh air with low oxygen content outdoors is reduced, the oxygen concentration in the vehicle is improved, and if delta C can be set O2 When the air pressure is more than or equal to 1 percent, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, and the fresh air valve is adjusted to be reduced by b1 degree every a1 minute, for example, the air pressure can be adjusted to be reduced by 5 degrees every 3 minutes;
when A1 <. DELTA.C O2 When the air pressure is less than A, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, the fresh air valve is adjusted to be b2 degrees every a2 minutes, the working states of the air compressor 2 and the oxygen generator 1 are maintained, oxygen-enriched air is quantitatively input into the vehicle, fresh air introduction with low oxygen content outdoors is reduced, the oxygen concentration in the vehicle is improved, and if the oxygen concentration can be set to be 0.5% <deltaC O2 When the air pressure is less than 1%, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, and the air pressure is reduced by 3 degrees every 3 minutes;
when A2 is less than or equal to Delta C O2 A3 and C are less than or equal to CO2 When the air pressure is larger than X and lasts for m1 minute, the air compressor does not reduce the frequency to work, the fresh air valve is adjusted to b3 degrees every A3 minutes, wherein A2 is larger than or equal to A3 and is smaller than or equal to 0, the working states of the air compressor 2 and the oxygen generator 1 are maintained, oxygen-enriched air is quantitatively input into the vehicle, meanwhile, the fresh air introduction of outdoor low oxygen content is improved, the oxygen concentration in the vehicle is improved, and when the delta C is larger than or equal to-0.5% and is larger than or equal to 0.5%, if the setting can be carried out, the delta C O2 Not more than 0 and C CO2 The air compressor does not work down when the air pressure is more than 0.3 percent and lasts for 3 minutes, and the fresh air valve is increased by 1 degree every 3 minutes;
when A2 is less than or equal to delta C O2 Less than or equal to A3 and C CO2 Less than X for m2 minutes, reducing b4Hz every a4 minutes for the frequency of the air compressor, reducing z degree every n minutes for the opening degree of the electric valve 12 in front of the membrane, reducing b5 degree every a5 minutes for the fresh air valve, wherein A2 is more than or equal to A3 and is less than or equal to 0, reducing the working frequency of the air compressor 2 and the opening degree of the electric valve 12 in front of the membrane, reducing the amount of oxygen-enriched air input into the vehicle, simultaneously reducing the introduction of fresh air with low oxygen content outdoors, and improving the oxygen concentration in the vehicle, if the setting is carried out, when the-0.5 percent is more than or equal to Δ C O2 Not more than 0 and C CO2 Less than 0.25% and lasting for 3 minutes, the frequency of the air compressor is reduced by 5Hz every 3 minutes, and the fresh air valve is adjusted to be 1 degree every 3 minutes.
After the opening of the pre-membrane electric valve 12 is adjusted, the pre-membrane pressure (Pf) changes, and the air compressor 2 automatically adjusts the working frequency according to the pre-membrane pressure, so as to ensure that the pre-membrane pressure is kept in a preset range, such as 0.8 +/-0.05 MPa. The method comprises the following specific steps:
within the time T1, if P1 is less than delta P and less than P2, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is unchanged;
within T1 time, if P2 is more than delta P and less than P3, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by h1;
within the time T1, if P3 is less than delta P and less than P4, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by h2;
within the time T1, if P4 is less than delta P and less than P5, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by h3;
within the time T1, if P6 is less than delta P and less than P7, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by h4;
and so on … …
Within the time T2, if P2 is less than delta P and less than P1, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by H1;
within the time T2, if P3 is less than delta P and less than P2, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by H2;
within the time T2, if P4 is less than delta P and less than P3, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by H3;
within the time T2, if P5 is more than delta P and less than P4, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by H4;
and so on … …
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
within 30 seconds, if delta P is more than-0.01 MPa and less than 0.01MPa, the operation frequency of the whole row of air compressors is unchanged;
within 30 seconds, if delta P is more than 0.01MPa and less than 0.02MPa, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by 2Hz;
within 30 seconds, if delta P is more than 0.02MPa and less than 0.03MPa, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by 3Hz;
within 30 seconds, if delta P is more than 0.03MPa and less than 0.04MPa, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by 4Hz;
within 30 seconds, if delta P is more than 0.04MPa and less than 0.05MPa, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by 5Hz;
in the same way, … …
Within 30 seconds, if the delta P is less than-0.02 MPa and less than-0.01 MPa, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by 2Hz;
within 30 seconds, if delta P is less than-0.03 MPa and less than-0.02 MPa, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by 3Hz;
within 30 seconds, if the delta P is less than-0.03 MPa under the pressure of-0.04 MPa, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by 4Hz;
within 30 seconds, if the delta P is less than-0.05 MPa and less than-0.04 MPa, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by 5Hz;
and so on … …
Wherein: Δ P = Pf-Ps, pf being the actual pre-membrane pressure, ps being the pressure set value.
In this embodiment, two energy-saving control methods for the oxygen concentration in the vehicle are provided, and in practical application, one of the two methods can be selected according to actual conditions, or a combined mode can be selected by setting a program, so that the two methods are combined together for use.
When energy-saving control is carried out, the target value of the oxygen concentration in each compartment is automatically set according to the atmospheric pressure value and is kept unchanged within a certain time, such as 20 minutes, so that energy consumption caused by frequent adjustment is avoided.
Furthermore, each carriage is provided with one or more groups of air purification devices 7, the air purification devices 7 can be arranged in an indoor air path of the air conditioning unit to purify the air in the carriage at any time, and can also be independently arranged at a position in the carriage where the appearance and the space use in the carriage are not influenced, and the working state of the air purification devices is controlled by an oxygen generation control system. The air purification device 7 adopts the principles of circulating adsorption and separation, can adsorb harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, TVOC, formaldehyde and the like in the vehicle, and then discharges the gases out of the vehicle. The air purification device 7 comprises a purification device main body, an air inlet passage, an air return passage and an air exhaust passage, wherein the purification device main body is made of a composite material with adsorbability such as activated carbon and the like and a composite material capable of adsorbing carbon dioxide, formaldehyde, TVOC (total volatile organic compound) and other gases, air in a carriage enters the purification device main body through the air return passage, the air is adsorbed and purified by the purification device main body, the air with reduced carbon dioxide concentration and other harmful gases returns to the carriage through the air inlet passage again, the carbon dioxide concentration in the vehicle is reduced, and therefore the quality and the oxygen content of the air in the vehicle are improved. The purification device main body can recover the purification capacity through high temperature or reverse discharge, under the conditions of high temperature or reverse blowing, gases such as carbon dioxide, formaldehyde and the like in the adsorption material are discharged, and waste gas generated in the process of recovering the purification capacity is discharged out of the vehicle through the exhaust air path, so that the purification device main body recovers the adsorption capacity. The recovery and purification device body can adopt any technology in the prior art without limitation. When the purification capacity is recovered, the air return passage and the air inlet passage are closed, and gases such as carbon dioxide and formaldehyde which are released are prevented from returning to the carriage again.
Get into the plateau area at the passenger train, the oxygen system begins to make oxygen and to the car in provide the oxygen boosting air in, air purification device 7 is opened in step to last operation, oxygen system shut down the back, air purification device 7 auto-stop. Or the bicycle oxygen generation control device 6 can have preset value intervals with different oxygen concentrations, the calculated average value is compared with the preset value interval, and the working states of the air purification device 7 and the oxygen generator 1 are determined by combining the oxygen generation energy-saving control method:
when the oxygen concentration measured value (the average value of the oxygen concentration of each carriage, and the same later) received by the oxygen generation control system is smaller than the first limit value, the oxygen concentration value in the carriage is relatively high, the amount of oxygen to be supplemented is not large, the air purification device 7 is independently controlled to be started, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air in the carriage is filtered, so that the oxygen concentration in the carriage is indirectly improved, the oxygen generator 1 does not need to be started, and the utilization rate and the energy consumption of the oxygen generator 1 are reduced; when the measured value is greater than the first limit value and less than the second limit value, the oxygen concentration increase realized by the air purification device 7 cannot meet the oxygen demand in the carriage, at this time, the operation of the air purification device 7 is stopped, the oxygen generator 1 is controlled to start to work according to the method, oxygen-enriched air is supplemented into the carriage, and the oxygen content in the carriage is increased; when the measured value is larger than the third limit value, the air purification device 7 and the oxygen generator 1 can be controlled to work simultaneously, and oxygen-enriched air is supplemented into the carriage in a full effect; in practical application, the working states of the air purification device 7 and the oxygen generator 1 can be controlled according to the scheme, the oxygen generator 1 can be directly controlled to work under the condition of low oxygen concentration, and the air purification device 7 can be always in the working state, so that the air quality in the vehicle is improved.
In conclusion, compared with the prior art, the oxygen generation method for the plateau railway carriage has the following advantages:
1. the concentration of carbon dioxide in the vehicle is effectively reduced by arranging the air component purification device, so that the demand of fresh air of an air conditioner is reduced, the demand on oxygen production is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of an oxygen production system is realized;
2. by the air purification device, the concentration of oxygen in the carriage is improved, and harmful gases such as formaldehyde, TVOC and the like are reduced;
3. the total power consumption of an oxygen generation system of each train (15 buses) of the existing Tibet bus is about more than 600kW, the average power of each train is about 40kW, and by adding an air purification device, carbon dioxide in the train is absorbed, the opening of a fresh air valve is controlled, the fresh air quantity of an air conditioner is reduced, the demand of oxygen-enriched air is reduced, and the energy consumption of the oxygen generation system is reduced by more than 50%;
4. the refrigerating capacity/heating capacity of the air conditioning unit is also reduced by reducing the fresh air volume, and the comprehensive energy-saving effect is quite obvious.
5. The device has the characteristics of reliability, energy conservation, convenience in installation and the like;
6. according to calculation, the fresh air of the air conditioner can be reduced by less than 4m < 3 >/h by additionally arranging the gas purification device in the oxygen generation system.
Similar solutions can be derived as described above in connection with the given solution content. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An oxygen generation method for a plateau railway passenger car is characterized by comprising the following steps: the passenger train includes a plurality of system oxygen systems by system oxygen control system centralized control, system oxygen system includes air compressor machine, oxygenerator, system oxygen control system calculates the interior oxygen concentration setting value of car according to received data information, and control each system oxygen system's mode.
2. The oxygen generation method for the plateau railway carriage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the data information comprises an atmospheric pressure value of the environment of the train detected by an atmospheric pressure sensor, and the refrigeration control system calculates the oxygen concentration set value according to the received atmospheric pressure value and a built-in algorithm.
3. The oxygen generation method for the plateau railway carriage as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the oxygen generation control system calculates the oxygen concentration target value using the formula Cos = (23 + (H-3000)/1000)% where Cos is an in-vehicle oxygen concentration set value and H is an altitude value converted from the atmospheric pressure in m.
4. The oxygen generation method for the plateau railway passenger car as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the oxygen generation control system also comprises a single-vehicle oxygen generation control device and a centralized oxygen generation control device, wherein the single-vehicle oxygen generation control device respectively calculates the oxygen concentration target value of each carriage according to the received atmospheric pressure value by using a built-in algorithm, transmits the calculation result to the centralized oxygen generation control device for average value calculation, obtains an oxygen concentration set value, and controls the working state of the oxygen generation system according to the oxygen concentration set value.
5. The oxygen generation method for the plateau railway passenger car as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the oxygen generation control system controls the working mode of the oxygen generation system according to the oxygen concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration in the vehicle.
6. The oxygen generation method for the plateau railway carriage as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the oxygen generation control system controls the working mode of the oxygen generation system according to the real-time oxygen concentration and the target oxygen concentration value in the vehicle, wherein,
△C O2 when the content is more than or equal to A,the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, and the fresh air valve is turned down by b1 DEG every a1 minute;
when A1 <. DELTA.C O2 When the air temperature is less than A, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, and the fresh air valve is turned to be b2 degrees every a2 minutes;
when A2 is less than or equal to Delta C O2 Less than or equal to A3 and C CO2 When the air pressure is larger than X and lasts for m minutes, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, the fresh air valve is increased by b3 degrees every A3 minutes, wherein A2 is larger than or equal to A3 and is smaller than or equal to 0;
when A2 is less than or equal to Delta C O2 A3 and C are less than or equal to CO2 Less than X for n minutes, reducing the frequency of the air compressor by b4Hz every a4 minutes, and reducing the frequency of the fresh air valve by b5 degrees every a5 minutes, wherein A2 is more than or equal to A3 is more than or equal to 0;
when Δ C O2 When the air pressure is less than A2, the air compressor stops working;
wherein Δ C O2 ＝C OS -C OA ；
△C O2 : difference between set value of oxygen concentration in vehicle and real-time actual concentration, C OS : oxygen concentration set value in vehicle, C OA : actual oxygen concentration in the vehicle.
7. The oxygen generation method for the plateau railway passenger car as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the oxygen generation control system controls the opening of the electric valve in front of the membrane of the oxygen generator according to the real-time concentration of oxygen in the vehicle, and the oxygen generation system controls the running frequency of the air compressor according to the pressure value in front of the membrane of the oxygen generator.
8. The oxygen generation method for the plateau railway passenger car as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that:
when Δ C O2 When the air pressure is larger than or equal to A, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, and the air valve is turned to be small by b1 DEG every a1 minute;
when A1 <. DELTA.C O2 When the air temperature is less than A, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, and the fresh air valve is turned to be b2 degrees every a2 minutes;
when A2 is less than or equal to Delta C O2 Less than or equal to A3 and C CO2 When the air pressure is greater than X and lasts for m1 minute, the air compressor does not work in a frequency reduction mode, the fresh air valve is increased by b3 degrees every A3 minutes, wherein A2 is greater than or equal to A3 and is less than or equal to 0;
when A2 is less than or equal to Delta C O2 Less than or equal to A3 and C CO2 Is less than X andand (3) continuing for m2 minutes, reducing the frequency of the air compressor by b4Hz every a4 minutes, reducing the opening of the electric valve before the membrane by z degrees every n minutes, and reducing the opening of the fresh air valve by b5 degrees every a5 minutes, wherein A2 is more than or equal to A3 and is less than or equal to 0.
9. The oxygen generation method for the plateau railway passenger car as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: after the opening of the electric valve in front of the membrane is adjusted, the pressure Pf in front of the membrane is changed, the air compressor automatically adjusts the working frequency according to the change of the pressure in front of the membrane,
within the time T1, if P1 is less than delta P and less than P2, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is unchanged;
within the time T1, if P2 is less than delta P and less than P3, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by h1;
within the time T1, if P3 is less than delta P and less than P4, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by h2;
within the time T1, if P4 is less than delta P and less than P5, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by h3;
within the time T1, if P6 is less than delta P and less than P7, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is reduced by h4;
and so on;
within the time T2, if P2 is more than delta P and less than P1, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by H1;
within the time T2, if P3 is less than delta P and less than P2, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by H2;
within the time T2, if P4 is less than delta P and less than P3, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by H3;
within the time T2, if P5 is less than delta P and less than P4, the operating frequency of the whole row of air compressors is increased by H4;
and so on;
wherein Δ P = Pf-Ps, pf is the actual pre-film pressure, ps is the pressure set value, P1 to P7 are constants, P1 is a negative number, P2 is a positive number, unit MPa, P1 to P5 are negative numbers, unit MPa, H1 to H4 are sequentially increasing constants, unit Hz.
10. The method for producing oxygen for a plateau railway carriage as recited in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: an air purification device is arranged in each carriage, after the oxygen generation system is started, the air purification device continuously operates, and after the oxygen generation system is stopped, the air purification device automatically stops.
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