CN115125420A - Heat treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heat treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy materials, and particularly discloses a heat-treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof. The aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 6.0-8.5%, Mg: 0.05-0.40%, Cu: 0.50-0.85%, Cr: 0.20-0.60%, Er: 0.01-0.10%, Mn: 0.45-0.75%, Zn: 0.1% -3.0%, V: 0.04-0.14%, Ni: 0.01 to 0.1 percent of Ba, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Y, less than or equal to 0.16 percent of Fe, and the balance of Al. The preparation method provided by the invention can enable the aluminum alloy to have excellent mechanical properties under the condition of no solid solution heat treatment, meet the use requirements, and can also avoid the problem that large parts are easy to deform in the high-temperature solid solution treatment process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy materials, in particular to a heat treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the automobile lightweight is an urgent need for the development of new energy automobile industry, and the die casting process of a structural part and the manufacturing technology of materials for the structural part are the key for the development of the automobile lightweight, so that the requirement of the automobile industry for the integrated die casting technology is increasingly increased. The integrated die casting can greatly reduce the weight of the structural part, reduce the production cost and further improve the safety performance of the automobile. In order to meet the use requirements of mechanical properties, the structural stress member of the traditional aluminum alloy automobile is usually required to be strengthened by solution heat treatment and aging heat treatment so as to improve the mechanical properties of the structural stress member.
However, the temperature in the solution heat treatment stage is higher, the temperature is at least more than 500 ℃, and the time is generally more than 2 hours, so that the structural part is easy to deform in a long-time high-temperature heating and quenching process, and large parts are particularly serious in deformation, such as a battery bracket, an auxiliary frame and the like of an electric vehicle. With the further expansion of the application field of integration, the integrated structural member has larger size and more complex shape, and is not suitable for strengthening by solution heat treatment. In addition, the solution heat treatment also needs to consume a large amount of energy, energy and time, and the production cost is increased virtually, so that the research of the aluminum alloy material without the solution heat treatment or the low-temperature solution heat treatment becomes necessary requirement for the development of the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the existing large-scale component is easy to deform in the high-temperature solution treatment process and the like, the invention provides a heat treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy of the high-performance structural part without heat treatment.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the cast aluminum alloy for the heat-treatment-free high-performance structural part comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 6.0% -8.5%, Mg: 0.05-0.40%, Cu: 0.50-0.85%, Cr: 0.20-0.60%, Er: 0.01-0.10%, Mn: 0.45-0.75%, Zn: 0.1% -3.0%, V: 0.04-0.14%, Ni: 0.01 to 0.1 percent of Ba, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Y, less than or equal to 0.16 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of the sum of the contents of other impurity elements and the balance of Al.
Compared with the prior art, the heat treatment-free high-performance structural part cast aluminum alloy provided by the application has the following advantages:
by adding Cu, Mg and Si elements with specific contents, Al can be generated between dendrites in the solidification process of the aluminum liquid 2 Cu、Mg 2 Strengthening phases such as Si, Al-Si-Cu-Mg and the like, and dislocation movement is hindered through the interaction between the strengthening phases and dislocation, so that the deformation resistance and the mechanical strength of the alloy are obviously improved; in addition, Cu, Mg and Si elements in the alloy matrix are more remained in the matrix in the rapid cooling process, and the strengthening elements can form strengthening phases in the matrix in the later aging heat treatment process, so that the strength of the matrix is improved, and the effect that the strengthening phases are not needed is realizedUnder the condition of additional solution heat treatment, an aluminum alloy material with good comprehensive performance is obtained; the invention also can improve the casting performance of the aluminum liquid and offset the adverse effect caused by the rapid cooling speed by adding the Si element with higher content.
In the solidification process, Fe and Al, Si and other elements can form a needle-shaped beta-Fe phase together, so that stress concentration is easily generated in the stress process, a matrix is cut, and the performance of the alloy material is reduced; according to the invention, by adding Mn, Cr, V and Ni elements with specific contents, the needle-shaped Fe-containing phase in the alloy can be changed into particles, so that the cracking effect is reduced, the phase can be used as a strengthening phase to hinder dislocation movement, and the strength of the alloy is improved without heat treatment; in addition, if the proportion of Mn, Cr, V and Ni is arbitrarily changed, the size of the Fe-containing phase is sharply increased, which causes great disadvantages to the performance of the cast aluminum alloy material.
Er, Y that this application was added have the effect of refining the crystalline grain, and Ba element can change eutectic silicon from lamellar form to coral form or graininess, reduces stress concentration, and Y can make eutectic silicon size reduce, enough makes alloy material exempt from under the condition of heat treatment, is showing to promote its intensity and plasticity to satisfy the operation requirement.
The added Zn element can be enriched on the surfaces of the Al-Si-Cu-Mg phase and the Fe-containing phase in the solidification process, the growth of the Al-Si-Cu-Mg phase and the Fe-containing phase is inhibited, the sizes of the Al-Si-Cu-Mg phase and the Fe-containing phase are reduced, the as-cast performance of the aluminum alloy material can be obviously improved, and the Zn element is dissolved into the alpha-Al phase in a solid solution strengthening manner due to the fact that the solid solubility of the Zn element in the alpha-Al phase is increased in the aging process, so that the solid solution strengthening effect is achieved, and the strength of the aluminum alloy material is further improved.
Further, the invention also provides a preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy for the heat-treatment-free high-performance structural part, which comprises the following steps:
respectively pretreating master alloys Al-Si, Al-Cu, Al-Cr, Al-Er, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni, Al-Ba, Al-Y, pure Al and pure Mg, and then weighing the components according to the raw material ratio as claimed in claim 1;
completely melting the pretreated intermediate alloy Al-Si, Al-Cu, Al-Cr, Al-Er, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni, Al-Ba, Al-Y, pure Al and pure Mg to obtain molten aluminum;
thirdly, introducing argon into the aluminum liquid at the temperature of 700-720 ℃ to obtain refined aluminum liquid;
step four, when the temperature of the refined aluminum liquid is 650-690 ℃, casting the refined aluminum liquid into a mold with the temperature of 130-170 ℃ to obtain a test bar;
and fifthly, carrying out aging heat treatment on the test bar to obtain the cast aluminum alloy of the high-performance structural part without heat treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy of the heat-treatment-free high-performance structural part has the following advantages:
in the casting process, the mold temperature is low, so that the cooling speed of the aluminum liquid is high, the strengthening phase can be refined, the alloy strength is further improved, and the alloy has excellent mechanical properties on the premise of not carrying out solution heat treatment and meets the use requirements; meanwhile, the preheating temperature of the die is controlled to be 130-170 ℃, the cooling speed can be reduced, and the defects of high cooling speed, crack generation and the like can be prevented.
The preparation method provided by the application can enable the aluminum alloy material to have excellent mechanical properties under the condition of no solid solution heat treatment, meets the use requirements, can avoid the problem that a large part is easy to deform in the high-temperature solid solution treatment process, and improves the yield.
Optionally, the aging heat treatment conditions are as follows: the temperature is 150-230 ℃, and the time is 1-3 h.
The optimal aging heat treatment condition can enable Cu, Mg and Si elements to form a strengthening phase in the matrix, so that the strength of the aluminum alloy matrix is improved; the solid solubility of Zn in alpha-Al can be increased, and the Zn is dissolved into the alpha-Al in a solid manner, so that the strength of the aluminum alloy material is increased.
Optionally, the flow rate of the argon is 3-5L/min.
Optionally, the introducing time of the argon is 8-12 min.
Optionally, the vent pipe orifice of the argon gas is positioned at the bottom of the aluminum liquid.
The optimized introducing condition of argon ensures that the aluminum liquid is in an argon atmosphere, thereby avoiding generating oxides in the aluminum liquid curing process and reducing the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy material; and impurities in the aluminum liquid can also float upwards through nitrogen, so that harmful elements and impurities in the aluminum liquid are completely separated.
Optionally, in the second step, at 730 ℃ -755 ℃, the intermediate alloys Al-Si, Al-Cu and pure Al are placed in a smelting furnace for smelting, after complete smelting, the intermediate alloys Al-Cr, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni and pure Mg are added, after complete smelting, the mixture is kept stand for 10 min-20 min, at 700 ℃ -720 ℃, the intermediate alloys Al-Er, Al-Ba and Al-Y are added, and when all components are completely smelted, aluminum liquid is obtained.
The preferred sequence of addition enables the elements to form specific strengthening phases such as Al during smelting 2 Cu、Mg 2 Si, Al-Si-Cu-Mg and the like, and improves the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy material.
Optionally, the casting period of the casting is 35 s-55 s.
Optionally, the pretreatment process includes: and respectively grinding, polishing, cleaning and drying the intermediate alloy, pure Al, pure Mg and pure Zn.
According to the method, the oxide skin on the surfaces of the intermediate alloy, the pure Al, the pure Mg and the pure Zn is removed through grinding and polishing, then the raw materials are cleaned and dried, and then the raw materials are weighed, and the pretreatment method can avoid introducing impurity elements as far as possible.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a microstructure provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged microstructure view provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view of the microstructure provided in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged microstructure view provided by comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides a heat treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 7.0%, Mg: 0.4%, Cu: 0.70%, Cr: 0.20%, Er: 0.08%, Mn: 0.60%, Zn: 2.0%, V: 0.04%, Ni: 0.1%, Ba: 0.06%, Y: 0.02% and the balance of Al.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy of the heat-treatment-free high-performance structural part comprises the following steps:
respectively grinding and polishing intermediate alloys Al-Si, Al-Cu, Al-Cr, Al-Er, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni, Al-Ba, Al-Y, pure Al and pure Mg to remove oxide skins on the surfaces, then cleaning and drying, and then weighing the components according to the raw material ratio;
secondly, putting the intermediate alloys Al-Si, Al-Cu and pure Al into a melting furnace for melting at 740 ℃, adding the intermediate alloys Al-Cr, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni and pure Mg after the intermediate alloys are completely melted, standing for 10min after the intermediate alloys are completely melted, adding the intermediate alloys Al-Er, Al-Ba and Al-Y at 710 ℃, and obtaining aluminum liquid after all the components are completely melted;
thirdly, introducing argon into the aluminum liquid at 710 ℃ to obtain refined aluminum liquid, wherein the flow rate of the argon is 4L/min, the introduction time is 10min, and the orifice of the argon gas introducing pipe is positioned at the bottom of the aluminum liquid;
step four, when the temperature of the refined molten aluminum is 670 ℃, casting the refined molten aluminum into a mold with the temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain a test bar, wherein the casting period is 50 s;
and fifthly, carrying out aging heat treatment on the test bar for 3h at 190 ℃ to obtain the heat-treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy.
Example 2
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides a heat treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 8.5%, Mg: 0.3%, Cu: 0.5%, Cr: 0.2%, Er: 0.01%, Mn: 0.75%, Zn: 0.1%, V: 0.1%, Ni: 0.08%, Ba: 0.1%, Y: 0.1 percent and the balance of Al.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy of the heat-treatment-free high-performance structural part comprises the following steps:
step one, respectively grinding and polishing intermediate alloys Al-Si, Al-Cu, Al-Cr, Al-Er, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni, Al-Ba, Al-Y, pure Al and pure Mg to remove oxide skins on the surfaces, then cleaning and drying, and then weighing each component according to the raw material proportion;
secondly, putting the intermediate alloys Al-Si, Al-Cu and pure Al into a smelting furnace for smelting at 730 ℃, adding the intermediate alloys Al-Cr, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni and pure Mg after the intermediate alloys are completely smelted, standing for 15min after the intermediate alloys are completely smelted, adding the intermediate alloys Al-Er, Al-Ba and Al-Y at 720 ℃, and obtaining aluminum liquid after all components are completely smelted;
introducing argon into the aluminum liquid at the temperature of 720 ℃ to obtain refined aluminum liquid, wherein the flow rate of the argon is 3L/min, the introduction time is 10min, and the opening of the argon gas introducing pipe is positioned at the bottom of the aluminum liquid;
step four, when the temperature of the refined aluminum liquid is 650 ℃, casting the refined aluminum liquid into a mold with the temperature of 130 ℃ to obtain a test bar, wherein the casting period is 35 s;
and fifthly, carrying out aging heat treatment on the test bar for 1.5h at the temperature of 200 ℃ to obtain the heat-treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy.
Example 3
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides a heat treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 7.5%, Mg: 0.2%, Cu: 0.6%, Cr: 0.6%, Er: 0.1%, Mn: 0.5%, Zn: 1.0%, V: 0.08%, Ni: 0.01%, Ba: 0.08%, Y: 0.02 percent and the balance of Al.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy of the heat-treatment-free high-performance structural part comprises the following steps:
respectively grinding and polishing intermediate alloys Al-Si, Al-Cu, Al-Cr, Al-Er, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni, Al-Ba, Al-Y, pure Al and pure Mg to remove oxide skins on the surfaces, then cleaning and drying, and then weighing the components according to the raw material ratio;
secondly, putting the intermediate alloys Al-Si, Al-Cu and pure Al into a melting furnace for melting at 755 ℃, adding the intermediate alloys Al-Cr, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni and pure Mg after the intermediate alloys are completely melted, standing for 20min after the intermediate alloys are completely melted, adding the intermediate alloys Al-Er, Al-Ba and Al-Y at 700 ℃, and obtaining aluminum liquid after all the components are completely melted;
introducing argon into the aluminum liquid at 700 ℃ to obtain refined aluminum liquid, wherein the flow rate of the argon is 5L/min, the introduction time is 8min, and the opening of the argon gas introducing pipe is positioned at the bottom of the aluminum liquid;
step four, when the temperature of the refined aluminum liquid is 690 ℃, casting the refined aluminum liquid into a mold with the temperature of 170 ℃ to obtain a test bar, wherein the casting period is 55 s;
and fifthly, carrying out aging heat treatment on the test bar for 3h at the temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain the cast aluminum alloy of the high-performance structural part without heat treatment.
Example 4
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides a heat treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 6.0%, Mg: 0.05%, Cu: 0.85%, Cr: 0.6%, Er: 0.08%, Mn: 0.45%, Zn: 0.1%, V: 0.14%, Ni: 0.08%, Ba: 0.02%, Y: 0.04 percent and the balance of Al.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy of the heat-treatment-free high-performance structural part comprises the following steps:
respectively grinding and polishing intermediate alloys Al-Si, Al-Cu, Al-Cr, Al-Er, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni, Al-Ba, Al-Y, pure Al and pure Mg to remove oxide skins on the surfaces, then cleaning and drying, and then weighing the components according to the raw material ratio;
secondly, putting the intermediate alloys Al-Si, Al-Cu and pure Al into a melting furnace for melting at 745 ℃, adding the intermediate alloys Al-Cr, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni and pure Mg after the intermediate alloys are completely melted, standing for 12min after the intermediate alloys are completely melted, adding the intermediate alloys Al-Er, Al-Ba and Al-Y under 715 ℃, and obtaining aluminum liquid after all the components are completely melted;
introducing argon into the aluminum liquid at 715 ℃ to obtain refined aluminum liquid, wherein the flow rate of the argon is 4.5L/min, the introduction time is 12min, and the orifice of the argon gas introducing pipe is positioned at the bottom of the aluminum liquid;
step four, when the temperature of the refined molten aluminum is 680 ℃, casting the refined molten aluminum into a mold with the temperature of 160 ℃ to obtain a test bar, wherein the casting period is 40 s;
and fifthly, carrying out aging heat treatment on the test bar for 1h at 230 ℃ to obtain the cast aluminum alloy of the high-performance structural part without heat treatment.
Example 5
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides a heat treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 6.5%, Mg: 0.1%, Cu: 0.8%, Cr: 0.4%, Er: 0.08%, Mn: 0.5%, Zn: 3%, V: 0.08%, Ni: 0.08%, Ba: 0.04%, Y: 0.04 percent and the balance of Al.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy of the heat-treatment-free high-performance structural part comprises the following steps:
respectively grinding and polishing intermediate alloys Al-Si, Al-Cu, Al-Cr, Al-Er, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni, Al-Ba, Al-Y, pure Al and pure Mg to remove oxide skins on the surfaces, then cleaning and drying, and then weighing the components according to the raw material ratio;
secondly, putting the intermediate alloys Al-Si, Al-Cu and pure Al into a melting furnace for melting at 735 ℃, adding the intermediate alloys Al-Cr, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni and pure Mg after the intermediate alloys are completely melted, standing for 16min after the intermediate alloys are completely melted, adding the intermediate alloys Al-Er, Al-Ba and Al-Y at 720 ℃, and obtaining aluminum liquid after all the components are completely melted;
thirdly, introducing argon into the aluminum liquid at the temperature of 720 ℃ to obtain refined aluminum liquid, wherein the flow rate of the argon is 3.5L/min, the introduction time is 11min, and the orifice of the argon gas introducing pipe is positioned at the bottom of the aluminum liquid;
step four, when the temperature of the refined aluminum liquid is 660 ℃, casting the refined aluminum liquid into a mold with the temperature of 140 ℃ to obtain a test bar, wherein the casting period is 45 s;
and fifthly, carrying out aging heat treatment on the test bar for 2h at the temperature of 210 ℃ to obtain the cast aluminum alloy of the high-performance structural part without heat treatment.
In order to better illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, further comparison is made below by means of a comparative example and an example of the present invention.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a heat treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 7.0%, Mg: 0.4%, Cu: 0.70%, Cr: 0.02%, Er: 0.08%, Mn: 0.8%, Zn: 2.0%, V: 0.04%, Ni: 0.1%, Ba: 0.06%, Y: 0.02% and the balance of Al.
The preparation process of the cast aluminum alloy for the heat-treatment-free high-performance structural member is as described in example 1, and is not described again.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a heat treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy, and the raw material components of the cast aluminum alloy are consistent with those of the example 1 and are not repeated.
The preparation method of the heat treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
and replacing the temperature of the refined aluminum liquid in the fourth step by 720 ℃, wherein the rest preparation process steps are consistent with those of the embodiment 1 and are not described again.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a heat treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloy, and the raw material components of the aluminum alloy are consistent with those of the embodiment 1 and are not repeated.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy of the heat-treatment-free high-performance structural part comprises the following steps:
and replacing the temperature of the die in the fifth step by 200 ℃, wherein the rest preparation process steps are consistent with those in the embodiment 1 and are not repeated.
To better illustrate the characteristics of the heat-treatable cast aluminum alloy for high-performance structural members provided by the examples of the present invention, the aluminum alloy materials prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1 were analyzed.
Test example 1 microstructure
The microstructure of the aluminum alloy material prepared in example 1 is shown in fig. 1, and then a partial enlargement is performed as shown in fig. 2.
The microstructure of the aluminum alloy material prepared in comparative example 1 is shown in FIG. 3, and then a partial enlargement is performed as shown in FIG. 4.
As can be seen from fig. 1 and 3, the secondary dendrite spacing of the aluminum alloy material prepared in example 1 is smaller than that of comparative example 1, and the overall size of the crystal grains is also smaller; as is more obvious from the graphs in FIGS. 2 and 4, the size of the interdendritic particles of the aluminum alloy material prepared in the embodiment 1 is small and the interdendritic particles are distributed uniformly, which can promote the increase of the toughness of the alloy, while the overall size of the phase generated in the aluminum alloy material prepared in the comparative example 1 is large, and most of the phase is needle-shaped, which can cause the stress concentration of the alloy in the stress process, thereby greatly reducing the performance of the alloy.
Test example 2 energy Spectroscopy
The energy spectrum analysis was performed on the positions 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 marked in FIG. 2, and the results are shown in tables 1 to 5 below, and it can be seen from tables 1 to 5 that Al exists between the dendrites 2 Cu、Al-Si-Cu-Mg、Mg 2 Si strengtheningAnd the marks 1 and 3 in fig. 2 also prove that the morphology of the Fe-containing phase can be significantly improved due to the combined action of the alloy elements in the present application.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
TABLE 5
Test example 3 mechanical Properties
The heat-treatment-free high-performance structural member cast aluminum alloys prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to room-temperature tensile mechanical property tests, and the test results are shown in table 6.
TABLE 6 test results
As can be seen from table 6, the heat-treatment-free cast aluminum alloy for a high-performance structural member provided by the embodiment of the invention has excellent mechanical properties without solution heat treatment, and meets the use requirements.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a can exempt from heat treatment high performance structure cast aluminum alloy which characterized in that: the paint comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 6.0-8.5%, Mg: 0.05-0.40%, Cu: 0.50-0.85%, Cr: 0.20-0.60%, Er: 0.01-0.10%, Mn: 0.45-0.75%, Zn: 0.1% -3.0%, V: 0.04-0.14%, Ni: 0.01 to 0.1 percent of Ba, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Y, less than or equal to 0.16 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of the sum of the contents of other impurity elements and the balance of Al.
2. A preparation method of a cast aluminum alloy of a high-performance structural part without heat treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, respectively pretreating intermediate alloys Al-Si, Al-Cu, Al-Cr, Al-Er, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni, Al-Ba, Al-Y, pure Al and pure Mg, and then weighing the components according to the raw material ratio of claim 1;
completely melting the pretreated intermediate alloy Al-Si, Al-Cu, Al-Cr, Al-Er, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni, Al-Ba, Al-Y, pure Al and pure Mg to obtain molten aluminum;
thirdly, introducing argon into the aluminum liquid at the temperature of 700-720 ℃ to obtain refined aluminum liquid;
step four, when the temperature of the refined aluminum liquid is 650-690 ℃, casting the refined aluminum liquid into a mold with the temperature of 130-170 ℃ to obtain a test bar;
and fifthly, carrying out aging heat treatment on the test bar to obtain the cast aluminum alloy of the high-performance structural part without heat treatment.
3. The method of preparing the heat treatable high performance structural member casting aluminum alloy of claim 2, wherein: the aging heat treatment conditions are as follows: the temperature is 150-230 ℃, and the time is 1-3 h.
4. The method of preparing the heat treatable free cast aluminum alloy for high performance structural members of claim 2, further comprising: the flow rate of the argon is 3-5L/min.
5. The method of preparing the heat treatable high performance structural member casting aluminum alloy of claim 2, wherein: the introducing time of the argon is 8-12 min.
6. The method of preparing the heat treatable high performance structural member casting aluminum alloy of claim 2, wherein: and the vent pipe orifice of the argon is positioned at the bottom of the aluminum liquid.
7. The method of preparing the heat treatable high performance structural member casting aluminum alloy of claim 2, wherein: in the second step, at the temperature of 730-755 ℃, the intermediate alloys Al-Si, Al-Cu and pure Al are placed in a smelting furnace for smelting, after complete smelting, the intermediate alloys Al-Cr, Al-Mn, Al-Zn, Al-V, Al-Ni and pure Mg are added, after complete smelting, the mixture is kept stand for 10-20 min, the intermediate alloys Al-Er, Al-Ba and Al-Y are added at the temperature of 700-720 ℃, and when all components are completely smelted, aluminum liquid is obtained.
8. The method of preparing the heat treatable free cast aluminum alloy for high performance structural members of claim 2, further comprising: the casting period of the casting is 35-55 s.
9. The method of preparing the heat treatable high performance structural member casting aluminum alloy of claim 2, wherein: the pretreatment process comprises the following steps: and respectively grinding, polishing, cleaning and drying the intermediate alloy, the pure Al, the pure Mg and the pure Zn.
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