CN115117625A - Method for generating phase-controllable OAM electromagnetic wave under random initial phase condition of phase-locked source - Google Patents
Method for generating phase-controllable OAM electromagnetic wave under random initial phase condition of phase-locked source Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for generating phase-controllable OAM electromagnetic waves under the condition of phase-locked source random initial phase; the method is based on a uniform circular antenna array technology, and a feed network comprises a path of intermediate frequency signal source, a path of local oscillator signal source and a plurality of paths of weighted signal sources. Calculating the output angular frequencies of the medium frequency source and the local vibration source according to the target transmitting frequency and the topological charge number; and then, calculating the output angular frequency of the weighted signal source according to the target beam direction so as to generate the vortex electromagnetic wave with the required frequency, the topological charge number and the beam direction. The feed network adopted by the invention only uses the delay line as a phase shifting unit, and the multiple mixing structure in the feed network cancels out the initial phase interference of each signal source, so that the beam steering precision of the system and the purity of the generated OAM wave are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of OAM electromagnetic waves, in particular to a method for generating phase-controllable OAM electromagnetic waves under the condition of phase-locked source random initial phase.
Background
Research shows that the electromagnetic wave not only has spin angular momentum, but also has orbital angular momentum. Some studies later made it clear that electromagnetic waves carrying orbital angular momentum, called OAM electromagnetic waves, have a helical phase structure, the wave front of which rotates in space along the beam axis. The OAM electromagnetic waves in different OAM modes have different phase structures, and the integer modes are orthogonal to each other, which means that orbital angular momentum can provide rotational freedom for an electromagnetic field, and the novel multiplexing application is facilitated. Orbital angular momentum has been found in optical research, and OAM electromagnetic waves have been used in the fields of radar imaging, quantum state manipulation, and the like. Compared to the tremendous role that OAM electromagnetic waves play in the optical field, their research in the wireless communication field is still continuing.
The most advanced OAM generation architecture can be mainly divided into four types, namely a transmission spiral structure, a transmission grating structure, a spiral reflector structure, and an array antenna. As early as OAM electromagnetic waves were proposed, supporters described how to feed a uniform circular array to generate orbital angular momentum in the radio band. The uniform circular phased array has the advantages of simple processing, convenient operation and the like, and is a good OAM electromagnetic wave generator.
A system for generating OAM electromagnetic waves based on a uniform circular array antenna usually needs to be matched with a phase shifter with high precision and a phase shift range of 0-360 degrees. Since phase shifters are expensive, a modification is proposed to change the system architecture to save costs. In some aspects, a delay line is used instead of a phase shifter to generate an OAM electromagnetic wave having a different topological charge, thereby simplifying the system. However, if the beam pointing control of OAM is to be further implemented without changing the length of the delay line, a phase shifter is still required to complete the structure of the phased array.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for generating phase-controllable OAM electromagnetic waves under the condition of phase-locked source random initial phase comprises the following steps:
constructing an OAM electromagnetic wave frequency mixing feed network comprising one path of intermediate frequency signal source, one path of local oscillator signal source and a plurality of paths of weighted signal sources;
the feed network comprises a local oscillator signal source, an M local oscillator signal shunts, an intermediate frequency signal source, an M intermediate frequency signal shunts, an M weighting signal source, M two weighted signal shunts, M local oscillator signal heterodyne mixers, M local oscillator signal filters, M intermediate frequency signal heterodyne mixers, M intermediate frequency signal filters, M delay lines, M radio frequency signal heterodyne mixers and M radio frequency signal filters;
one of the paths of intermediate frequency signal sources sends M paths of intermediate frequency signals through M paths of intermediate frequency signal splitters, the M paths of intermediate frequency signals are respectively mixed with one of the paths of weighted signals, which are split by the corresponding weighted signal sources through the two paths of weighted signal splitters, of the M paths of weighted signal sources through corresponding intermediate frequency signal heterodyne mixers, and the mixed intermediate frequency signals are filtered through corresponding intermediate frequency signal filters;
one local oscillator signal source sends M local oscillator signals through M local oscillator signal shunts, the M local oscillator signals and the other weighted signal which is shunted by the corresponding weighted signal source in the weighted signal source through the two weighted signal shunts are mixed through a corresponding local oscillator signal heterodyne mixer, the local oscillator signals after mixing are filtered through a corresponding local oscillator signal filter, and phase regulation and control are carried out through a delay line with fixed length;
each path of filtered intermediate frequency signal and each path of local oscillation signal after phase regulation are subjected to frequency mixing through a corresponding radio frequency signal heterodyne mixer, and the radio frequency signals after frequency mixing are respectively filtered through corresponding radio frequency signal filters and then are sent to each antenna unit in the uniform circular antenna array;
calculating output angular frequencies of the intermediate frequency signal source and the local oscillator signal source according to the target OAM topological load number and the beam pointing angle; calculating the output angular frequency of the weighted signal source according to the target transmitting frequency;
and accessing the OAM electromagnetic wave mixing feed network into the uniform circular antenna array, and adjusting the output frequencies of each local oscillator signal source, the intermediate frequency signal source and the weighting signal source according to the calculated output angular frequency to generate the OAM electromagnetic wave with the target transmitting frequency, the topological charge number and the beam direction.
Optionally, calculating output angular frequencies of the intermediate frequency signal source and the local oscillator signal source in the feed network according to the target OAM topological load number and the beam pointing angle; and then according to the target emission frequency, calculating the output angular frequency of the weighted signal source, which specifically comprises the following steps:
determining phase excitation vectors required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array according to the target OAM topological load number and the beam pointing angle;
determining the phase deviation required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array according to the phase excitation vector required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array;
according to the phase shift generated by the delay line with fixed length and the phase shift required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array, determining the output angular frequency of the intermediate frequency signal source and the local oscillator signal source, and filtering after mixing the output angular frequency and the local oscillator signal source to obtain the input signal angular frequency applied to the delay line corresponding to each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array;
and determining the output angular frequency of the intermediate frequency source according to the target transmitting frequency.
Optionally, the phase excitation vector required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array is specifically:
wherein S is the phase offset required by the antenna unit, l is the OAM topological charge number required to be generated,
the phase difference of adjacent antenna units when the topological charge number is 1, k is the wave number of a radio frequency signal, a is the array radius of the uniform circular array, theta is the beam pitch angle, gamma is the beam azimuth angle, M is the antenna unit serial number of the uniform circular array, and M is the number of the antenna units of the uniform circular array.
Optionally, the phase offset required for each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array is specifically:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and l is the OAM topological charge number, M is the number of the antenna units of the uniform circular array, k is the wave number of the radio-frequency signal, a is the array radius of the uniform circular array, theta is the beam pitch angle, and gamma is the beam azimuth angle.
Optionally, the phase shift generated by the fixed-length delay line is specifically:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the phase shift produced by the delay line, ω is the angular frequency of the signal passing through the delay line, l' is the length of the delay line, ε is the dielectric constant of the delay line, and μ is the permeability of the delay line.
Optionally, the angular frequency of the input signal applied to the delay line corresponding to each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array is specifically:
wherein, ω is m In order to apply the input signal angular frequency on the delay line corresponding to each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array, ω 'is the set signal angular frequency, l is the OAM topological charge number required to be generated, ω' l is the local vibration source signal frequency,
to weight the signal frequency of the signal source.
Optionally, the output angular frequency of the intermediate frequency signal source is determined in a manner that:
ω IF ＝ω RF -ω′l
wherein, ω is IF Is the output angular frequency, omega, of the intermediate-frequency signal source RF For the target transmission frequency, ω' l is the local oscillator signal frequency.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) under the condition of ensuring high phase control precision and range, only the delay line is used as a phase shifting unit, so that expensive phase shifters are saved for the system.
(2) The phase shift parameter is controlled by adjusting the frequency, and the precision of the phase shift parameter depends on the tuning precision of a phase-locked loop used by the system and is generally far higher than that of a phase shifter. This system is therefore theoretically capable of achieving a higher accuracy in beam steering angle adjustment than a uniform circular array based on phase shifters. Meanwhile, a system with higher precision can also generate OAM electromagnetic waves with higher modal purity.
(3) The system saves complex circuit devices, only consists of simple components and is convenient to replace and adjust. The initial phase random structure enables the system not to be influenced by phase noise to a certain extent, meanwhile, phase interference which cannot be processed by the initial phase random structure can be made up by correcting the frequency matrix, and the robustness of the system is improved.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for generating phase-controllable OAM electromagnetic waves under a phase-locked source random initial phase condition according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for generating phase-controllable OAM electromagnetic waves without a phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a beam direction analysis diagram and an amplitude diagram when the topological genus l is 1 and the deflection angle v is (20 ° ) in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a beam directivity analysis diagram and an amplitude diagram in the embodiment of the present invention when the topological genus l is 2 and the deflection angle ν is (45 ° );
fig. 5 is a perspective phase diagram of an embodiment of the present invention when the topology genus l is 1 and the deflection angle ν is (15 ° );
fig. 6 is a front view phase diagram of an embodiment of the present invention when the topological duties l is 1 and the deflection angle ν is (15 ° );
fig. 7 is a perspective phase diagram of an embodiment of the present invention when the topology genus l is 2 and the deflection angle ν is (30 ° );
fig. 8 is a front view phase diagram of the embodiment of the present invention when the topological genus l is 2 and the deflection angle ν is (30 ° ).
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all changes that can be made by the invention using the inventive concept are intended to be protected.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for generating a phase-controllable OAM electromagnetic wave under a phase-locked source random initial phase condition, including the following steps S1 to S3:
s1, constructing an OAM electromagnetic wave frequency mixing feed network comprising one path of intermediate frequency signal source, one path of local oscillator signal source and multiple paths of weighted signal sources;
the feed network comprises a local oscillator signal source, an M local oscillator signal shunts, an intermediate frequency signal source, an M intermediate frequency signal shunts, an M weighting signal source, M two weighted signal shunts, M local oscillator signal heterodyne mixers, M local oscillator signal filters, M intermediate frequency signal heterodyne mixers, M intermediate frequency signal filters, M delay lines, M radio frequency signal heterodyne mixers and M radio frequency signal filters;
one of the paths of intermediate frequency signal sources sends M paths of intermediate frequency signals through M paths of intermediate frequency signal splitters, the M paths of intermediate frequency signals are respectively mixed with one of the paths of weighted signals, which are split by the corresponding weighted signal sources through the two paths of weighted signal splitters, of the M paths of weighted signal sources through corresponding intermediate frequency signal heterodyne mixers, and the mixed intermediate frequency signals are filtered through corresponding intermediate frequency signal filters;
one local oscillator signal source sends M local oscillator signals through M local oscillator signal shunts, the M local oscillator signals and the other weighted signal which is shunted by the corresponding weighted signal source in the weighted signal source through the two weighted signal shunts are mixed through a corresponding local oscillator signal heterodyne mixer, the local oscillator signals after mixing are filtered through a corresponding local oscillator signal filter, and phase regulation and control are carried out through a delay line with fixed length;
each path of filtered intermediate frequency signal and each path of local oscillation signal after phase regulation are subjected to frequency mixing through a corresponding radio frequency signal heterodyne mixer, and the radio frequency signals after frequency mixing are respectively filtered through corresponding radio frequency signal filters and then are sent to each antenna unit in the uniform circular antenna array;
s2, calculating output angular frequencies of the intermediate frequency signal source and the local oscillator signal source according to the target OAM topological load number and the beam pointing angle; calculating the output angular frequency of the weighted signal source according to the target transmitting frequency;
and S3, accessing the OAM electromagnetic wave mixing feed network into the uniform circular antenna array, and adjusting the output frequencies of each local oscillator signal source, the intermediate frequency signal source and the weighted signal source according to the calculated output angular frequency to generate the OAM electromagnetic wave with the target transmitting frequency, the topological charge number and the beam direction.
The invention adopts a delay line as a phase shift element to realize an OAM electromagnetic wave generation system with beam control. The system is based on uniform circular array and phased array techniques, producing an input frequency matrix corresponding to each target case.
According to the phased array principle of generating the OAM electromagnetic wave, if a plurality of different signal sources exist in the channel of each antenna unit, the system can successfully achieve the expected effect on the premise that the initial phases of the signal sources are kept consistent, and if the initial phase difference exists in each path of signal source, the difference is kept until each path of signal is finally input into the antenna array, and finally the phased structure of the OAM electromagnetic wave generating system is damaged. However, the system of the constant temperature crystal oscillator and the M-path phase-locked loop cannot ensure that the initial phases are consistent after decimal frequency modulation, and is different from the instantaneous phase, and the initial phases have no practical significance and accurate and effective measurement method, and are difficult to realize in reality. Therefore, the invention considers the problem of random initial phase of the actual phase-locked source, further improves the scheme, cancels the interference of initial phase by skillfully setting the circuit structure and adopting a mode of continuous frequency mixing and filtering, and filters the influence of initial phase inconsistency on a phase control system. The scheme provided by the invention can completely get rid of the phase shifter and realize the free adjustment of the emission frequency/topological charge number/beam steering angle. The adjustment accuracy depends on the tuning accuracy of the phase locked source, which is much higher than the phase shifter.
In an optional embodiment of the invention, the output angular frequency of an intermediate frequency signal source and a local oscillator signal source in a feed network is calculated according to the target OAM topological load number and the beam pointing angle; then, according to the target transmitting frequency, calculating the output angular frequency of the weighted signal source specifically includes:
determining phase excitation vectors required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array according to the target OAM topological load number and the beam pointing angle;
determining the phase deviation required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array according to the phase excitation vector required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array;
according to the phase shift generated by the delay line with fixed length and the phase shift required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array, determining the output angular frequency of the intermediate frequency signal source and the local oscillator signal source, and filtering after mixing the output angular frequency of the intermediate frequency signal source and the local oscillator signal source to obtain the input signal angular frequency applied to the delay line corresponding to each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array;
and determining the output angular frequency of the intermediate frequency source according to the target transmitting frequency.
Specifically, when constructing a system for generating a phased OAM electromagnetic wave without a phase shifter according to the present invention to generate an OAM electromagnetic wave with a topology genus of l and a beam pointing angle of (θ, γ), determining a phase excitation vector required by each antenna element of a uniform circular array is specifically:
wherein S is the phase offset required by the antenna unit, l is the OAM topological charge number required to be generated, where k is the wave number of the radio frequency signal, a is the array radius of the uniform circular array, θ is the beam pitch angle, γ is the beam azimuth angle, M is the antenna unit number of the uniform circular array, and M is the antenna unit number of the uniform circular array.
Therefore, the phase offset required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular array can be determined according to the phase excitation vector required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular array, specifically:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
and l is the OAM topological charge number, M is the number of the antenna units of the uniform circular array, k is the wave number of the radio-frequency signal, a is the array radius of the uniform circular array, theta is the beam pitch angle, and gamma is the beam azimuth angle.
To determine the phase shift produced by a fixed length delay line, first, based on the phase shift constant of the delay line:
where ε is the dielectric constant of the delay line and μ is the permeability of the delay line.
Let the length of the delay line be l', corresponding to the generated phase shift
Comprises the following steps:
in order to obtain an OAM electromagnetic wave, the phase shift required for the mth antenna element is:
and then, the length of the delay line corresponding to the mth antenna unit is:
wherein ω is m The m-th antenna unit corresponds to the angular frequency of the input signal of the delay line, that is, the angular frequency of the output signal of the local oscillator signal and the weighted signal after heterodyne mixing and filtering.
Let l equal to 1, Ω M ＝(ω 1 ,ω 2 ,...,ω M ) T ＝(ω′,ω′,...,ω′) T By substituting the above formula, can obtain
And omega' is a signal angular frequency which is regulated and controlled by the M phase-locked loops when the topological duties are 1 and the beam pointing regulation and control are not added.
Therefore, the length of the delay line corresponding to each antenna unit can be determined according to the relationship between the phase shift generated by the delay line with the fixed length and the phase shift required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular array.
Further, according to the length of the delay line corresponding to each antenna unit, the angular frequency of the input signal of the delay line corresponding to the mth antenna unit is determined as follows:
the target beam pointing angle of the OAM electromagnetic wave is assumed to be (theta) 1 ,γ 1 ) Order (theta) 1 ,γ 1 )＝ν 1 ，
The angular frequency expression can be obtained from the above equation:
the above formula is that when the OAM mode of the target waveform is l, the beam pointing angle is (theta) 1 ,γ 1 )＝ν 1 In time, if the input frequency corresponding to each delay line is assumed to be ω' l, the weighted signal source should be
Mixing the two signals and filtering to obtain the input signal with angular frequency of omega m 。
If the target transmitting frequency is omega RF Determining the output angular frequency of one path of intermediate frequency source to be omega IF ＝ω RF -ω′l。
The process of accessing the OAM electromagnetic wave mixing feed network into the uniform circular antenna array, adjusting the output frequencies of each local oscillator signal source, the intermediate frequency signal source and the weighting signal source according to the calculated output angular frequency, and generating the OAM electromagnetic wave with the target transmitting frequency, the topological charge number and the beam direction is analyzed.
The intermediate frequency signals are set as follows:
setting local oscillation signals as:
setting m paths of weighting signals as:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
all of which are random phases, omega, of 0-360 DEG C (m) is
Wherein v is 0 ＝(θ 0 ,γ 0 ) The beam pointing angle is preset.
After mixing and filtering with m weighted signals, the intermediate frequency signal and the local oscillator signal respectively become:
applying the calculated angular frequency of the input signal according to the delay line corresponding to the antenna unit, if ω is given LO I ω', then ω LO +ω C (m) is the desired delay line input angular frequency, then each local oscillator signal passes through the delay line and obtains:
after that time, the user can use the device,
i.e. the desired phase relationship. And mixing and filtering the M local oscillator signals with the intermediate frequency to obtain a final signal:
wherein
And
independent of array element number m, except
Besides, signals input into each path of antenna unit have no other phase difference relationship, and the structure of OAM electromagnetic wave and beam pointing control is still intact.
The following simulation analysis was performed on the scheme of the present invention with reference to specific examples.
Selecting a radio frequency as an X wave band (10GHz), wherein the radius of the array is lambda/2, and when the wave beam deflection is not added and the OAM mode is 1, enabling the frequency f of a local oscillator signal source to be 500MHz, and confirming the length of each delay line by using omega' to be 2 pi f. On the basis, the system is tested.
In the simulation of the invention, the beam pointing angle is uniformly specified as the direction of the lowest amplitude value of the zero-depth area. Let ν be (20 ° ), and when the topological duties l be 1, draw a beam pointing analysis graph and an amplitude graph as shown in fig. 3, in an azimuth cross section, the amplitude value reaches a valley when the pitch angle variable takes a value of 20 degrees, that is, it represents that the beam pitch angle has deflected by 20 degrees, and at the same time, a complete amplitude graph is given in the lower right corner of the graph, and it can be seen that a zero-depth region originally pointing to (0 ° ) points to (20 ° ). Fig. 4 shows the case when the topological genus l is 2 and ν is (45 ° ).
After the angle is deflected, the phase diagrams of the OAM electromagnetic wave generated by the system are shown in fig. 5-8, fig. 5 and 6 show the case of l-1 and ν - (15 ° ), fig. 7 and 8 show the case of l-2 and ν - (30 ° ), fig. 5 and 7 are perspective views, and fig. 5 and 8 are front views.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific embodiments in the invention, and the description of the embodiments is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for generating phase-controllable OAM electromagnetic waves under the condition of phase-locked source random initial phase is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing an OAM electromagnetic wave frequency mixing feed network comprising one path of intermediate frequency signal source, one path of local oscillator signal source and a plurality of paths of weighted signal sources;
the feed network comprises a local oscillator signal source, an M local oscillator signal shunts, an intermediate frequency signal source, an M intermediate frequency signal shunts, an M weighting signal source, M two weighted signal shunts, M local oscillator signal heterodyne mixers, M local oscillator signal filters, M intermediate frequency signal heterodyne mixers, M intermediate frequency signal filters, M delay lines, M radio frequency signal heterodyne mixers and M radio frequency signal filters;
one of the paths of intermediate frequency signal sources sends M paths of intermediate frequency signals through M paths of intermediate frequency signal shunts, the M paths of intermediate frequency signals are respectively mixed with one of the paths of weighted signals which are shunted by the corresponding weighted signal source in the M paths of weighted signal sources through two paths of weighted signal shunts through corresponding intermediate frequency signal heterodyne mixers, and the intermediate frequency signals after mixing are filtered through corresponding intermediate frequency signal filters;
one local oscillator signal source sends M local oscillator signals through M local oscillator signal splitters, the M local oscillator signals and the other one of the weighted signals which are respectively split by the M weighted signal sources through the two weighted signal splitters are subjected to frequency mixing through corresponding local oscillator signal heterodyne mixers, and the local oscillator signals after frequency mixing are filtered through corresponding local oscillator signal filters and then subjected to phase regulation and control through fixed-length delay lines;
each path of filtered intermediate frequency signal and each path of local oscillation signal after phase regulation are subjected to frequency mixing through a corresponding radio frequency signal heterodyne mixer, and the radio frequency signals after frequency mixing are respectively filtered through corresponding radio frequency signal filters and then are sent to each antenna unit in the uniform circular antenna array;
calculating output angular frequencies of the intermediate frequency signal source and the local oscillator signal source according to the target OAM topological load number and the beam pointing angle; calculating the output angular frequency of the weighted signal source according to the target transmitting frequency;
and accessing the OAM electromagnetic wave mixing feed network into the uniform circular antenna array, and adjusting the output frequencies of each local oscillator signal source, the intermediate frequency signal source and the weighting signal source according to the calculated output angular frequency to generate the OAM electromagnetic wave with the target transmitting frequency, the topological charge number and the beam direction.
2. The method for generating the phase-controllable OAM electromagnetic wave under the phase-locked source random initial phase condition of claim 1, wherein the output angular frequencies of the intermediate frequency signal source and the local oscillator signal source are calculated according to the target OAM topological charge number and the beam pointing angle; and then according to the target emission frequency, calculating the output angular frequency of the weighted signal source, which specifically comprises the following steps:
determining phase excitation vectors required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array according to the target OAM topological load number and the beam pointing angle;
determining phase deviation required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array according to the phase excitation vector required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array;
according to the phase shift generated by the delay line with fixed length and the phase shift required by each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array, determining the output angular frequency of the intermediate frequency signal source and the local oscillator signal source, and filtering after mixing the output angular frequency and the local oscillator signal source to obtain the input signal angular frequency applied to the delay line corresponding to each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array;
and determining the output angular frequency of the intermediate frequency signal source according to the target transmitting frequency.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the phase excitation vector required by each antenna element of the uniform circular antenna array is specifically:
wherein S is the phase offset required by the antenna unit, l is the OAM topological charge number required to be generated,
the phase difference of adjacent antenna units when the topological charge number is 1, k is the wave number of a radio frequency signal, a is the array radius of the uniform circular array, theta is the beam pitch angle, gamma is the beam azimuth angle, M is the antenna unit serial number of the uniform circular array, and M is the number of the antenna units of the uniform circular array.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the phase offset required for each antenna element of the uniform circular antenna array is specifically:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and l is the OAM topological charge number, M is the number of the antenna units of the uniform circular array, k is the wave number of the radio-frequency signal, a is the array radius of the uniform circular array, theta is the beam pitch angle, and gamma is the beam azimuth angle.
5. The method for generating the phase-controllable OAM electromagnetic wave under the phase-locked source random initial phase condition as recited in claim 2, wherein the phase shift generated by the fixed-length delay line is specifically:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the phase shift produced by the delay line, ω is the angular frequency of the signal passing through the delay line, l' is the length of the delay line, ε is the dielectric constant of the delay line, and μ is the permeability of the delay line.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the angular frequency of the input signal applied to the delay line corresponding to each antenna element of the uniform circular antenna array is specifically:
ω m ＝ω′l+ψ ν1 (m)
wherein, ω is m For the input signal angular frequency applied on the delay line corresponding to each antenna unit of the uniform circular antenna array, ω 'is the set signal angular frequency, l is the OAM topological charge number to be generated, ω' l is the local vibration source signal frequency, ψ ν1 And (m) is the signal frequency of the weighted signal source.
7. The method for generating the phase-controllable OAM electromagnetic wave under the phase-locked source random initial phase condition as recited in claim 2, wherein an output angular frequency of the intermediate frequency signal source is determined by:
ω IF ＝ω RF -ω′l
wherein, ω is IF Is the output angular frequency, omega, of the intermediate-frequency signal source RF For the target transmission frequency, ω' l is the local oscillator signal frequency.
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| US20060284783A1 (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2006-12-21 | Farrokh Mohamadi | Phase shifters for beamforming applications |
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| US20060284783A1 (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2006-12-21 | Farrokh Mohamadi | Phase shifters for beamforming applications |
| CN104601245A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-06 | 浙江大学 | Optical link capable of generating and transmitting radio frequency track angular momentum |
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