CN115115470A - Green data center carbon emission management method based on emission factor method - Google Patents
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Abstract
A green data center carbon emission management method based on an emission factor method is characterized in that 15-minute granularity energy consumption of various energy consumption facilities of a data center is collected through a data collection system, average energy consumption of each type of equipment is calculated through weighted average, total daily electricity consumption of one day is calculated through statistics and summarization, the total daily carbon dioxide emission amount is calculated through total daily electricity consumption and a carbon emission factor, and the total daily carbon dioxide emission amount is multiplied by 365 to obtain the carbon dioxide emission amount of the whole year.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a green data center carbon emission statistical technology, in particular to a green data center carbon emission management method based on an emission factor method, which comprises the steps of respectively collecting 15-minute granularity energy consumption of various energy consumption facilities of a data center through a data collection system, calculating average energy consumption of each type of equipment through weighted average, calculating total daily electricity consumption of one day through statistical summarization, calculating total daily carbon dioxide emission amount through the total daily electricity consumption and a carbon emission factor, and multiplying 365 to obtain the carbon dioxide emission amount of the whole year.
Background
The power consumption and the expenditure of the electricity fee of the data center become a new 'electricity tiger', according to IDC report, the power consumption of the data center in 2005 worldwide is 0.8% of the global power consumption, millions or even tens of millions of large data centers in China have countless electricity fee, and the data center is just like a 'bottomless hole' of the electricity consumption. For data center construction layouts, PUE values below 2.0 (e.g., for a retrofit data center) and even below 1.5 (e.g., for a new data center) have been required. Reference is made to fig. 2 and its associated description for the PUE concept. Carbon emission management in data centers has been incorporated into an important field of examination. Most of the existing technical means are focused on the optimization design of chips, servers and network equipment stored in the network equipment, and a unified management method for carbon emission quantification of a multi-edge cooperative data center is lacked.
The existing technical method is high in modification cost and lacks of effective quantification means, and particularly, data formats reported by different manufacturers are not uniform, so that the uniform carbon asset emission quantification requirement cannot be met.
The current data center energy consumption measuring and calculating method is easy to cause the problem of double distortion: according to the existing industry energy consumption index measuring and calculating method, the data center industry is always defined as a high energy consumption industry and is strictly limited by aspects such as energy consumption index approval and the like, and even is called as a non-smoking steel mill by some people. However, the problem of high energy consumption of the data center is to a great extent that the traditional measuring and calculating method is used, only small accounts of the data center and the 5G industry are calculated, large accounts of the data center and the 5G industry for digital transformation development of the digital economy and the economic society are ignored, and the problem of high energy consumption of the data center and the traditional industries such as steel and the like is considered to be different. Actually, the energy consumption and output structure of the digital economy has a special attribute of "double superposition", that is, each time one-hour electricity on the data center is consumed, "the structure contributes a certain data center operation output value for the data center operation enterprise, and also contributes a large amount of operation output values for various application industries such as cloud computing, big data, internet service and the like running on the structure. According to measurement and calculation, when 1 ton of standard coal is consumed, the method can directly contribute 1.1 ten thousand yuan to the data center, can contribute 88.8 ten thousand yuan of digital industrialization added value, and can drive various industries to carry out digital transformation to indirectly generate 360.5 ten thousand yuan of industrial digital markets (the parts of the manufacturer businesses which are not directly related to the data center are removed). In summary, a data center which accounts for about 2% of electricity consumption of the whole society in China supports the digital economic scale which accounts for about 36.2% of GDP in China, and has great effects on improving the production efficiency of the whole society and the productivity of all elements.
The currently-used method for measuring and calculating the energy consumption index of the data center industry has two distortion problems: the method is characterized in that the industrial distortion is realized, namely, the production values of various application industries operated in a data center are not counted when the energy consumption and the output of a unit are measured and calculated, so that the whole energy consumption measuring and calculating level of the data center industry is artificially and seriously enlarged; the second is "regional distortion", that is, due to the cross-regional characteristics of digital economy, the related application industries are not necessarily counted into the location of the data center, so that the energy consumption index pressure of the location of the data center is actually and passively allocated.
The structural problem that the data center is unbalanced and insufficient in self development needs to be solved urgently: the energy-saving and consumption-reducing space of the data center is explored from five aspects of construction standard, construction mode, construction layout, technical innovation, resource scheduling and the like of the data center, and the measurement and calculation results show that: by 2025 years, the annual electricity consumption of the data center in China can be reduced from 4000 hundred million degrees to about 3000 hundred million degrees, and about 3000 ten thousand tons of standard coal is saved. The problems of unbalanced development of things and insufficient utilization of renewable energy in the data center industry in China are two key factors which restrict the further reduction of the overall energy consumption level of the data center at present.
The data center generally provides power supply by a local power grid or a special power generation facility, and provides power supply for electric equipment of the data center after processing of links such as power transformation, power distribution and the like. At present, the power consumption of a data center accounts for 1 percent of the total global power consumption. In 2011, the power consumption of the American data center reaches 1000 hundred million degrees, which accounts for 2.5% of the total power consumption in the whole U.S. and 2.4% in China. Resource and environment problems have become a bottleneck in the development of data centers.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a green data center carbon emission management method based on an emission factor method, which is characterized in that 15-minute granularity energy consumption of various energy consumption facilities of a data center is respectively collected through a data collection system, the average energy consumption of each type of equipment is calculated through weighted average, the total daily power consumption of one day is calculated through statistical summary, the total daily carbon dioxide emission is calculated through the total daily power consumption and the carbon emission factor, and the total daily carbon dioxide emission is multiplied by 365 to obtain the carbon dioxide emission of the whole year, so that the problem that the carbon emission of the data center cannot be effectively quantified or the problem that artificial statistical data is inaccurate can be solved, the statistical cost is reduced, and the statistical efficiency and the accuracy are improved.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a green data center carbon emission management method based on an emission factor method is characterized by comprising the steps of respectively collecting 15-minute granularity energy consumption of various energy consumption facilities of a data center through a data collection system, calculating average energy consumption of each type of equipment through weighted average, counting and summarizing to calculate total daily electricity consumption of one day, calculating total daily carbon dioxide emission through total daily electricity consumption and a carbon emission factor, and multiplying by 365 to obtain the annual carbon dioxide emission.
The various energy consumption facilities are divided into four types, wherein the first type is IT equipment, the second type is refrigeration system equipment, the third type is power supply and distribution system equipment, and the fourth type is other equipment.
The carbon emission factor is an electric quantity marginal emission factor or a capacity marginal emission factor.
And if the data center adopts clean energy, performing nuclear reduction on the annual carbon dioxide emission, namely after the nuclear reduction, performing the annual carbon dioxide emission to the annual carbon dioxide emission-nuclear reduction carbon dioxide.
The clean energy comprises wind power generation and/or photovoltaic power generation.
The method comprises the following steps of calculating the electric energy utilization efficiency PUE of the data center: PUE is total energy consumption of the data center/energy consumption of the IT equipment.
The invention has the following technical effects: the invention discloses a green data center carbon emission management method based on an emission factor method, which is more efficient than an original data center carbon asset inventory method and is characterized in that 15-minute granularity energy consumption of data center IT equipment, refrigeration system equipment, power supply and distribution system equipment and other equipment is respectively collected through a data collection system, average energy consumption of each type of equipment is calculated through weighted average, total daily electricity consumption (KWh) of one day is calculated through statistics and summarization, the total daily carbon dioxide emission amount can be calculated through the total daily electricity consumption and the carbon emission factor, and the total annual carbon dioxide emission amount can be calculated through multiplying 365. Compared with the original data center carbon asset checking mode, the technical advantage of the data center carbon asset checking method is that the carbon emission of the data center is uniformly calculated by using the emission factor method, the problems of inaccurate data and the like caused by artificial statistics are reduced by using a system management method, the statistical cost is reduced, and the statistical efficiency and accuracy are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary data center energy consumption configuration involved in practicing the present invention. The energy consumption facilities of the typical data center in fig. 1 include IT equipment, refrigeration system equipment, power supply and distribution system equipment, and other equipment, and the energy consumption ratio is as follows: the IT equipment is 50%, the refrigeration system equipment is 37%, the power supply and distribution system equipment is 10%, and other equipment is 3%.
Fig. 2 is a power utilization efficiency PUE algorithm chart in the data center performance evaluation index according to the present invention. In fig. 2, pue (power Usage efficiency) represents the efficiency of electric energy utilization.
FIG. 3 is a graph of grid zoning carbon emission factor data related to implementation of the present invention. In FIG. 3, OM represents the electric power marginal emission factor, BM is the capacity marginal emission factor, tCO 2 the/MWh is ton of carbon dioxide per megawatt hour.
Detailed Description
The invention is explained below with reference to the figures (fig. 1-3) and the examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary data center energy consumption configuration involved in practicing the present invention. Fig. 2 is a power utilization efficiency PUE algorithm chart in the data center performance evaluation index according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a plot of regional carbon emission factor data for a power grid in accordance with the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a green data center carbon emission management method based on an emission factor method includes acquiring 15-minute granularity energy consumption of each type of energy consumption facility of a data center respectively through a data acquisition system, calculating average energy consumption of each type of equipment through weighted average, calculating total daily power consumption of one day through statistical summary, calculating total daily carbon dioxide emission through total daily power consumption and carbon emission factors, and multiplying 365 to obtain the annual carbon dioxide emission. The various energy consumption facilities are divided into four types, wherein the first type is IT equipment, the second type is refrigeration system equipment, the third type is power supply and distribution system equipment, and the fourth type is other equipment. The carbon emission factor is an electric quantity marginal emission factor or a capacity marginal emission factor. And if the data center adopts clean energy, performing nuclear reduction on the annual carbon dioxide emission, namely after the nuclear reduction, performing the annual carbon dioxide emission to the annual carbon dioxide emission-nuclear reduction carbon dioxide. The clean energy comprises wind power generation and/or photovoltaic power generation.
A green data center carbon emission management method based on an emission factor method is characterized in that energy consumption of a data center is collected in a multi-dimensional mode, and the energy consumption calculated by a weighted average method is more accurate; the total carbon dioxide emission calculated by the emission factor method is more suitable for the statistics of the carbon dioxide emission of a green data center.
The carbon emission factor may fluctuate with geographical area and year.
Energy consuming devices of a data center include, but are not limited to, IT devices, refrigeration system devices, power supply and distribution system devices, and other devices.
The invention provides a green data center carbon emission management method based on an emission factor method, which is used for solving the problem that the carbon emission of a data center cannot be effectively quantified and comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively acquiring 15-minute granularity energy consumption of data center IT equipment, refrigeration system equipment, power supply and distribution system equipment and other equipment through a data acquisition system, calculating average energy consumption of each type of equipment through weighted average, counting and summarizing to calculate daily total power consumption (KWh) of one day, calculating daily total carbon dioxide emission amount through a daily total power consumption carbon emission factor according to 1 degree electricity 1KWh, and multiplying 365 to calculate annual carbon dioxide emission amount. Carbon emission factor referring to fig. 3:
step 2, if the data center adopts clean energy, such as wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation, the 'nuclear reduction' is carried out on the basis of the existing total emission, namely: total annual carbon dioxide emission (tCO2) — amount of nuclear carbon dioxide reduction from last year carbon dioxide emission calculated in step 1.
Compared with the original data center carbon asset checking mode, the technical advantage of the data center carbon asset checking method is that the carbon emission of the data center is uniformly calculated by using the emission factor method, the problems of inaccurate data and the like caused by artificial statistics are reduced by using a system management method, the statistical cost is reduced, and the statistical efficiency and accuracy are improved. Meanwhile, before accounting, organization region division is well done, and the accounting result is ensured to meet the regulation of a data center greenhouse gas emission accounting guideline.
The energy consumption of a data center consists of the following parts:
(1) an IT device.
(2) A refrigeration system apparatus.
(3) Power supply and distribution system equipment.
(4) Other devices.
Typical data center energy consumption configurations are shown in fig. 1, wherein the most significant portion of the data center energy consumption is the IT equipment, and the second is the refrigeration system equipment, the power supply and distribution system equipment, and other data center facilities that consume electrical energy.
There are many performance evaluation indexes of the data center, and the most common performance index among the already issued performance indexes is Power Usage Efficiency (PUE), as shown in fig. 2. In China, the PUE is not only the most familiar data center energy efficiency index of data center research, design, equipment manufacturing, construction and operation and maintenance personnel, but also the main index of government for evaluating the engineering performance of the data center.
There are three methods of quantifying carbon emissions currently in common international use: the method mainly comprises an emission factor method, a mass balance method and an actual measurement method, wherein the first two methods are mainly adopted in China at present, and the emission factor method is adopted for a data center. Emission factor method specification: for example, 100 degrees of electricity are consumed a day, and the carbon emission per degree of electricity is 0.8 kg, so 80 kg of carbon dioxide is emitted a day. Here 100 degrees of electricity is your activity data and 0.8 is the emission factor.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details. It is pointed out here that the above description is helpful for the person skilled in the art to understand the invention, but does not limit the scope of protection of the invention. Any such equivalents, modifications and/or omissions as may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention may be resorted to.
Claims (5)
1. A green data center carbon emission management method based on an emission factor method is characterized by comprising the steps of respectively collecting 15-minute granularity energy consumption of various energy consumption facilities of a data center through a data collection system, calculating average energy consumption of each type of equipment through weighted average, counting and summarizing to calculate total daily electricity consumption of one day, calculating total daily carbon dioxide emission through total daily electricity consumption and a carbon emission factor, and multiplying by 365 to obtain the annual carbon dioxide emission.
2. The emission factor method-based carbon emission management method for the green data center, according to claim 1, wherein the types of energy consumption facilities are classified into four types, the first type is IT equipment, the second type is refrigeration system equipment, the third type is power supply and distribution system equipment, and the fourth type is other equipment.
3. The emission factor method-based green data center carbon emission management method according to claim 1, wherein the carbon emission factor is a power marginal emission factor or a capacity marginal emission factor.
4. The method for managing carbon emission in a green data center based on an emission factor method according to claim 1, wherein if a clean energy is used in the data center, the annual carbon dioxide emission is reduced, i.e. the annual carbon dioxide emission-the reduced carbon dioxide emission is reduced.
5. The emission factor method-based green data center carbon emission management method of claim 4, wherein the clean energy comprises wind power generation and/or photovoltaic power generation.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117194845A (en) * | 2023-09-22 | 2023-12-08 | 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Method and system for calculating carbon emission amount of all elements of green building |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117194845A (en) * | 2023-09-22 | 2023-12-08 | 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Method and system for calculating carbon emission amount of all elements of green building |
| CN117194845B (en) * | 2023-09-22 | 2024-03-15 | 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Method and system for calculating carbon emission amount of all elements of green building |
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