CN115110918B - Method and device for recovering production and starting well after well stopping - Google Patents
Method and device for recovering production and starting well after well stopping Download PDFInfo
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- CN115110918B CN115110918B CN202110284752.5A CN202110284752A CN115110918B CN 115110918 B CN115110918 B CN 115110918B CN 202110284752 A CN202110284752 A CN 202110284752A CN 115110918 B CN115110918 B CN 115110918B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 101
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/128—Adaptation of pump systems with down-hole electric drives
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a method and a device for recovering production and starting a well after well stopping of an oil well, and belongs to the technical field of oil extraction of oil fields. According to the technical scheme, the rotating speed of the screw pump is set to be the preset minimum rotating speed, starting resistance of the screw pump is reduced, the screw pump is started more easily, fluid with certain pressure and displacement is pumped into an underground oil sleeve annulus, the oil sleeve annulus is filled with the fluid, accordingly, larger sinking pressure is generated at an inlet of the screw pump, the gravitational potential energy of the fluid in the oil sleeve annulus can provide power for rotation of the screw pump, an underground motor and the screw pump are enabled to gradually discharge well fluid in an oil pipe under rated power and torque, well starting is achieved smoothly, balance well repairing cost is achieved, and normal production is restored as soon as possible.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of oilfield oil extraction, in particular to a method and a device for recovering production and starting after well stopping of an oil well.
Background
In oil field oil extraction production, can be through with electronic diving oil screw pump and be used for driving screw pump pivoted motor along with the oil pipe down into the oil well sleeve pipe, in the oil recovery of motor drive screw pump in the pit, compare with conventional oil extraction equipment, the screw pump has the speed adjustment convenience, swabbing efficient characteristics, ubiquitous low energy consumption, swabbing fluid adaptability advantage such as strong. However, in the oil extraction process using the screw pump, the downhole screw pump is closed due to automatic protection and well stopping is often caused by various reasons such as power supply, oil well stratum liquid supply capacity, parameter setting, fluid property influence and the like. After well stopping, the temperature of fluid in a well bore is reduced, the flowing performance is poor, the friction resistance is increased, when the well needs to be started again, the power and the torque required by the starting of a motor in the well are increased, and the motor cannot meet the starting requirement due to rated power and rated torque, so that the deep well pump cannot be started automatically. When an operator starts manually on site, the overload protection is stopped again often because of high starting current.
When the production is resumed and started after the well is stopped, the mode adopted at present is as follows: hot water is filled into the oil sleeve annulus, so that the viscosity of fluid in an oil pipe is reduced after the oil pipe in the well is heated, the friction resistance is reduced, the rated power of a downhole motor meets the starting requirement, but the recovery starting of the oil well is often failed due to the fact that the well is stopped for too long and the heating effect is poor. Because the underground electric submersible screw pump cannot be started normally, the normal production of the electric submersible screw well is seriously affected, a large amount of restorative cost is generated in the starting process of the electric submersible screw pump well, and the oil well is caused to be repaired on the lying well when the electric submersible screw pump well is seriously started.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for recovering production and starting a well after well stopping of an oil well, which can pump fluid into an oil sleeve annulus based on the gravitational potential energy of the fluid to provide power for rotation of a screw pump, so that a downhole motor and the screw pump gradually discharge well liquid in an oil pipe under rated power and torque of the downhole motor and the screw pump, the well is smoothly started, the balance well repairing cost is saved, and the purpose of recovering normal production as soon as possible is achieved. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, a method for recovering production from well stop is provided, the method comprising:
setting the rotation speed of a screw pump under the well based on a preset minimum rotation speed;
controlling a surface pump to pump a preset volume of fluid into an oil sleeve annulus so as to fill the oil sleeve annulus with the fluid, wherein the preset volume is obtained by a relation 1:
wherein Q is a predetermined volume, m, of fluid 3 ；
H Pump with a pump body -depth of screw pump intake, m;
P sinking and sinking -the sinking pressure of the screw pump suction, pa;
rho-density of fluid in oil jacket annulus in well kg/m 3 ；
g-gravity acceleration, m/s 2 ；
D, the inner diameter of the inner sleeve of the well, m;
d, the outer diameter of an oil jacket in the well, m;
when the pumping pressure of the ground pump begins to rise, a downhole motor is started and used for driving the screw pump to rotate;
controlling the surface pump to pump fluid continuously at a preset displacement;
acquiring the running power of a motor and the flow of wellhead return liquid in real time;
when the rising speed of the running power of the motor is lower than a preset speed threshold value and the flow rate of the wellhead returned liquid is equal to the preset displacement, the pumping displacement of the ground pump is adjusted downwards until the screw pump resumes normal production.
In one possible implementation, after the acquiring the running power of the motor and the wellhead flowback fluid flow in real time, the method further includes:
if the running power rising speed of the motor is higher than or equal to a preset speed threshold value, the motor is turned off;
when the wellhead casing pressure rises to a preset pressure, the motor is started again.
In one possible implementation, the power provided by the motor by the wellhead housing rising to a preset pressure is obtained by the following relation 2:
P＝(P pump with a pump body -P Oil (oil) )*S*H Pump with a pump body Relation 2 of/t
Wherein, the P-wellhead sleeve pressure is increased to a preset pressure to provide power for the motor, and w;
P pump with a pump body -pumping pressure of the surface pump, pa;
P oil (oil) -wellhead oil pressure, pa;
flow area between rotor and stator when S-underground screw pump rotates, m 2 ；
H Pump with a pump body -screw pump intake depth, m;
t-time it takes for the surface pump to reach the preset pressure, s.
In one possible implementation, the operating power of the motor is obtained in real time by a signal uploaded by the motor.
In one possible implementation, the operating power of the motor is obtained by the following relation 3:
wherein: the running power of the W-motor, W;
operating voltage of the U-motor, V;
i, the running current of the motor, A;
-running power factor of the motor, dimensionless.
In one possible implementation, the surface pump pumps fluid into the oil casing annulus at a temperature that is higher than the temperature of the fluid in the well.
In one aspect, a device for recovering from production after well shut-in is provided, the device comprising:
the screw pump control module is used for setting the rotation speed of the underground screw pump based on the preset minimum rotation speed;
the ground pump control module is used for controlling the ground pump to pump a preset volume of fluid into the oil sleeve annulus so that the oil sleeve annulus is filled with the fluid, wherein the preset volume is obtained by the relation 1:
wherein Q is a predetermined volume, m, of fluid 3 ；
H Pump with a pump body -depth of screw pump intake, m;
P sinking and sinking -the sinking pressure of the screw pump suction, pa;
rho-density of fluid in oil jacket annulus in well kg/m 3 ；
g-gravity acceleration, m/s 2 ；
D, the inner diameter of the inner sleeve of the well, m;
d, the outer diameter of an oil jacket in the well, m;
the motor control module is used for starting an underground motor when the pumping pressure of the ground pump begins to rise and driving the screw pump to rotate;
the ground pump control module is also used for controlling the ground pump to continue pumping fluid at a preset displacement;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the running power of the motor and the wellhead return fluid flow in real time;
and the ground pump control module is also used for adjusting the pumping displacement of the ground pump downwards until the screw pump resumes normal production when the running power rising speed of the motor is lower than a preset speed threshold value and the wellhead return liquid flow is equal to the preset displacement.
In one possible implementation:
the motor control module is also used for: if the running power rising speed of the motor is higher than or equal to a preset speed threshold value, the motor is turned off;
the motor control module is also used for restarting the motor when the wellhead sleeve pressure rises to a preset pressure.
In one possible implementation, the power provided by the motor by the wellhead housing rising to a preset pressure is obtained by the following relation 2:
P＝(P pump with a pump body -P Oil (oil) )*S*H Pump with a pump body Relation 2 of/t
Wherein, the P-wellhead sleeve pressure is increased to a preset pressure to provide power for the motor, and w;
P pump with a pump body -pumping pressure of the surface pump, pa;
P oil (oil) -wellhead oil pressure, pa;
flow area between rotor and stator when S-underground screw pump rotates, m 2 ；
H Pump with a pump body -screw pump intake depth, m;
t-time it takes for the surface pump to reach the preset pressure, s.
In one possible implementation, the operating power of the motor is obtained by the following relation 3:
wherein: the running power of the W-motor, W;
operating voltage of the U-motor, V;
i, the running current of the motor, A;
-running power factor of the motor, dimensionless.
According to the technical scheme, the rotating speed of the screw pump is set to be the preset minimum rotating speed, starting resistance of the screw pump is reduced, the screw pump is started more easily, fluid with certain pressure and displacement is pumped into an underground oil sleeve annulus, the oil sleeve annulus is filled with the fluid, accordingly, larger sinking pressure is generated at an inlet of the screw pump, the gravitational potential energy of the fluid in the oil sleeve annulus can provide power for rotation of the screw pump, an underground motor and the screw pump are enabled to gradually discharge well fluid in an oil pipe under rated power and torque, well starting is achieved smoothly, balance well repairing cost is achieved, and normal production is restored as soon as possible.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an oil well according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for recovering from production and starting up after well shut-in according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for recovering from production and starting up after well shut-in according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil well start-up according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for recovering from production after well shut-in according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil well provided in an embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 1, in which an electric submersible screw pump is used for oil extraction, and the electric submersible screw pump is driven by a motor, so that both the motor and the screw pump need to be submerged into an oil layer, and the screw pump is driven to rotate by controlling the motor during oil extraction construction, so as to perform oil extraction.
Wherein, the stratum produces fluid, and wherein a part of the fluid remains in the oil sleeve annulus, the surface of the fluid forms a working fluid level, the suction inlet of the screw pump is below the working fluid level, the distance between the working fluid level and the position of the suction inlet of the screw pump is called as sinking height, and the pressure formed at the suction inlet of the screw pump by the fluid in the height is called as sinking pressure. In the process that the motor drives the screw pump to rotate, fluid in the annular space between the oil pipe and the sleeve is sucked into the oil pipe from the inlet of the screw pump, and based on continuous rotation of the screw pump, the fluid in the oil pipe is also continuously lifted until the fluid is lifted to the ground. The pressure gauge through the well head can measure the pressure of well head returning liquid, and the well head still is equipped with other tables for measure the flow of well head returning liquid, and the overhead pressure of oil collar and flow etc..
The wellhead is also provided with a backwash inlet connected to the outlet of the surface pump, typically for pumping fluid used in the backwash well into the annulus of the oil jacket.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for recovering from production and starting after well stop provided in an embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 2, the method may be executed by a computer device, and the method includes:
201. the rotational speed of the screw pump downhole is set based on a preset minimum rotational speed.
202. And controlling the surface pump to pump a preset volume of fluid into the oil sleeve annulus, so that the oil sleeve annulus is filled with the fluid.
Wherein the preset volume is obtained by relation 1.
Wherein Q is a predetermined volume, m, of fluid 3 ；
H Pump with a pump body -depth of screw pump intake, m;
P sinking and sinking -the sinking pressure of the screw pump suction, pa;
rho-density of fluid in oil jacket annulus in well kg/m 3 ；
g-gravity acceleration, m/s 2 ；
D, the inner diameter of the inner sleeve of the well, m;
d-the outer diameter of the oil jacket in the well, m.
203. When the pumping pressure of the surface pump begins to rise, a downhole motor is started and used for driving the screw pump to rotate.
204. The surface pump is controlled to continue pumping fluid at a preset displacement.
205. And acquiring the running power of the motor and the wellhead return liquid flow in real time.
206. When the rising speed of the running power of the motor is lower than a preset speed threshold value and the flow rate of the wellhead returned liquid is equal to the preset displacement, the pumping displacement of the ground pump is adjusted downwards until the screw pump resumes normal production.
According to the method provided by the embodiment of the application, the rotating speed of the screw pump is set to be the preset minimum rotating speed, so that the starting resistance of the screw pump is reduced, the screw pump is easier to start, the oil sleeve annulus is filled with fluid with certain pressure and displacement by pumping the fluid into the underground oil sleeve annulus, so that the inlet of the screw pump generates larger sinking pressure, the gravitational potential energy of the fluid in the oil sleeve annulus can provide power for the rotation of the screw pump, the underground motor and the screw pump gradually discharge well fluid in an oil pipe under the rated power and torque of the motor and the screw pump, the well is started smoothly, the balance well repairing cost is achieved, and the purpose of normal production is recovered as soon as possible.
In one possible implementation, after the acquiring the running power of the motor and the wellhead flowback fluid flow in real time, the method further includes:
if the running power rising speed of the motor is higher than or equal to a preset speed threshold value, the motor is turned off;
when the wellhead casing pressure rises to a preset pressure, the motor is started again.
In one possible implementation, the power provided by the motor by the wellhead housing rising to a preset pressure is obtained by the following relation 2:
P＝(P pump with a pump body -P Oil (oil) )*S*H Pump with a pump body Relation 2 of/t
Wherein, the P-wellhead sleeve pressure is increased to a preset pressure to provide power for the motor, and w;
P pump with a pump body -pumping pressure of the surface pump, pa;
P oil (oil) -wellhead oil pressure, pa;
flow area between rotor and stator when S-underground screw pump rotates, m 2 ；
H Pump with a pump body -screw pump intake depth, m;
t-time it takes for the surface pump to reach the preset pressure, s.
In one possible implementation, the operating power of the motor is obtained in real time by a signal uploaded by the motor.
In one possible implementation, the operating power of the motor is obtained by the following relation 3:
wherein: the running power of the W-motor, W;
operating voltage of the U-motor, V;
i, the running current of the motor, A;
-running power factor of the motor, dimensionless.
In one possible implementation, the surface pump pumps fluid into the oil casing annulus at a temperature that is higher than the temperature of the fluid in the well.
Any combination of the above optional solutions may be adopted to form an optional embodiment of the present application, which is not described herein in detail.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for recovering from production and starting after well stop provided in an embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 3, the method may be executed by a computer device, and the method includes:
301. the rotational speed of the screw pump downhole is set based on a preset minimum rotational speed.
The underground screw pump is characterized in that the underground screw pump is driven by a motor, the screw pump and the motor are connected with an uphole power supply through cables and are connected with an uphole control cabinet through signal wires, and in the embodiment, the control cabinet can be set manually or connected with computer equipment, and various parameters of the control cabinet are controlled through the computer equipment. Based on this, the rotational speed of the screw pump may be remotely controlled, and the preset minimum rotational speed may be obtained from the designed minimum rotational speed of the screw pump.
The rotating speed of the screw pump is set to be the lowest designed rotating speed, namely the lowest allowable rotating speed, so that the purposes of reducing the displacement of the pump and improving the rotating torque of the underground electric pump are achieved, the damage probability of the underground motor and the screw pump is reduced, and the starting probability of the motor and the screw pump is also improved.
302. And controlling the surface pump to pump a preset volume of fluid into the oil sleeve annulus, so that the oil sleeve annulus is filled with the fluid.
Wherein the preset volume is obtained by relation 1.
Wherein Q is a predetermined volume, m, of fluid 3 ；
H Pump with a pump body -depth of screw pump intake, m;
P sinking and sinking -the sinking pressure of the screw pump suction, pa;
rho-density of fluid in oil jacket annulus in well kg/m 3 ；
g-gravity acceleration, m/s 2 ；
D, the inner diameter of the inner sleeve of the well, m;
d-the outer diameter of the oil jacket in the well, m.
In this step, the pumping process may be referred to as fig. 4, and fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil well start-up provided in an embodiment of the present application. The preset volume in this step refers to: the volume of the fluid required by the oil sleeve annulus is just filled, the purpose of pumping the fluid into the oil sleeve annulus is to enable the fluid to have higher gravitational potential energy, and the screw pump is pressurized based on the gravitational potential energy to promote the starting of the screw pump. Specifically, a surface pressurized pump truck is used to backwash fluid into the oil jacket annulus at the well casing gate to achieve increased sinking pressure at the pump intake downhole.
In one possible implementation, the surface pump pumps fluid into the oil casing annulus at a higher temperature than the fluid in the oil well, thereby providing heat to the original fluid downhole, increasing the temperature of the fluid downhole, thereby reducing the viscosity of the fluid in the oil pipe, reducing frictional resistance, and accelerating start-up.
303. When the pumping pressure of the surface pump begins to rise, a downhole motor is started and used for driving the screw pump to rotate.
When the pump pressure begins to rise, it is indicated that the oil jacket annulus is full. When the oil sleeve annulus is filled with fluid, an underground motor is started for driving the electric submersible screw pump to rotate, and the change of the current of the underground motor and the liquid outlet condition of the wellhead are observed through a ground control cabinet or computer equipment.
And if the running power rising speed of the motor is lower than a preset speed threshold value and the wellhead returned liquid flow is equal to the preset displacement, the pumping displacement of the ground pump is regulated downwards until the screw pump resumes normal production.
304. The surface pump is controlled to continue pumping fluid at a preset displacement.
The effect of this step is to increase the pressure of the fluid in the annulus of the oil jacket, thereby powering the rotation of the screw pump. The preset displacement can be equal to the theoretical displacement of the screw pump and is used for assisting the starting of the screw pump.
305. And acquiring the running power of the motor and the wellhead return liquid flow in real time.
In one possible implementation, the operating power of the motor is obtained in real time by a signal uploaded by the motor.
After the electric submersible screw pump is started, the running power, voltage and current of the underground motor and the sinking pressure of the pump can be immediately transmitted to the ground.
In one possible implementation, the operating power of the motor is obtained by the following relation 3:
wherein: the running power of the W-motor, W;
operating voltage of the U-motor, V;
i, the running current of the motor, A;
-running power factor of the motor, dimensionless.
In the step, the power condition of an underground motor of the electric submersible screw pump is monitored, and when the running power rising speed of the motor is lower than a preset speed threshold value and the wellhead returned liquid flow is equal to the preset displacement, the pumping displacement of the ground pump is adjusted downwards until the screw pump resumes normal production.
The obtaining of the wellhead return fluid flow can be based on a wellhead flow meter, if the wellhead return fluid flow is equal to the displacement of the ground pump in the step 304, that is, the preset displacement, the screw pump is proved to be started successfully, the pressure and the displacement of the ground pump can be gradually adjusted downwards, the current and the power of the downhole motor of the oil well are observed to be changed to be normal in production, and the pressing of the ground pump can be stopped after the production is stable. The sinking pressure of the oil jacket ring is higher, so that the running current and power of the motor are obviously reduced compared with those before well stopping, but the current and power of the underground motor are gradually increased along with the continuous reduction of the sinking pressure.
If the electric submersible screw pump is short in well stopping time, when the electric submersible screw pump cannot be started by means of the self power of the underground motor, after the underground electric submersible screw pump rotates, the fluid in the annulus of the oil jacket is communicated with the fluid in the oil pipe above the underground pump, the underground pump is affected by larger sinking pressure, the running power of the underground pump can be obviously reduced, the aim of starting is achieved, and therefore the starting and normal production recovery of the underground pump can be basically realized.
If the property of fluid in a shaft is changed greatly due to overlong well stopping time, when the friction resistance between the fluid and an oil pipe is overlarge, the phenomenon that the running power of a motor is quickly increased when the underground electric submersible screw pump is started is caused, and the following steps are carried out at the moment.
306. And if the running power rising speed of the motor is higher than or equal to a preset speed threshold value, the motor is turned off.
The function of this step is to protect the motor, thus providing for the subsequent process of holding the pressure and restarting the motor.
The preset speed threshold may be set according to actual situations and working experience, which is not limited in this embodiment.
307. When the wellhead casing pressure rises to a preset pressure, the motor is started again.
In the step, the wellhead casing pressure is obtained in real time, and after the wellhead sealing, the underground cable, the motor and the bearing capacity of the pump are determined, the pumping pressure of the ground pump is gradually increased, so that the sinking pressure of the underground pump is increased, which is equivalent to providing power for starting the motor. The motor of the underground electric submersible screw pump is started, so that the underground pump can lift upwards to discharge liquid under the action of self running power and higher sinking pressure, and normal production of an oil well is recovered.
In one possible implementation, the power provided by the motor by the wellhead housing rising to a preset pressure is obtained by the following relation 2:
P＝(P pump with a pump body -P Oil (oil) )*S*H Pump with a pump body Relation 2 of/t
Wherein, the P-wellhead sleeve pressure is increased to a preset pressure to provide power for the motor, and w;
P pump with a pump body -pumping pressure of the surface pump, pa;
P oil (oil) -wellhead oil pressure, pa;
flow area between rotor and stator when S-underground screw pump rotates, m 2 ；
H Pump with a pump body -screw pump intake depth, m;
t-time it takes for the surface pump to reach the preset pressure, s.
The preset pressure does not exceed the equipment safety pressure, so that the construction safety is ensured. The pumping pressure of the surface pump is equal to the wellhead casing pressure.
308. When the rising speed of the running power of the motor is lower than a preset speed threshold value and the flow rate of the wellhead returned liquid is equal to the preset displacement, the pumping displacement of the ground pump is adjusted downwards until the screw pump resumes normal production.
In this step, the surface pump is stopped after production has stabilized.
Specifically, the power condition of an underground motor of the electric submersible screw pump is monitored, and when the running power rising speed of the motor is lower than a preset speed threshold value and the wellhead returned liquid flow is equal to the preset displacement, the pumping displacement of the ground pump is adjusted downwards until the screw pump resumes normal production.
The obtaining of the wellhead return fluid flow can be based on a wellhead flow meter, if the wellhead return fluid flow is equal to the displacement of the ground pump in the step 304, that is, the preset displacement, the screw pump is proved to be started successfully, the pressure and the displacement of the ground pump can be gradually adjusted downwards, the current and the power of the downhole motor of the oil well are observed to be changed to be normal in production, and the pressing of the ground pump can be stopped after the production is stable. The sinking pressure of the oil jacket ring is higher, so that the running current and power of the motor are obviously reduced compared with those before well stopping, but the current and power of the underground motor are gradually increased along with the continuous reduction of the sinking pressure.
Any combination of the above optional solutions may be adopted to form an optional embodiment of the present application, which is not described herein in detail.
According to the method provided by the embodiment of the application, the rotating speed of the screw pump is set to be the preset minimum rotating speed, so that the starting resistance of the screw pump is reduced, the screw pump is easier to start, the oil sleeve annulus is filled with fluid with certain pressure and displacement by pumping the fluid into the underground oil sleeve annulus, so that the inlet of the screw pump generates larger sinking pressure, the gravitational potential energy of the fluid in the oil sleeve annulus can provide power for the rotation of the screw pump, the underground motor and the screw pump gradually discharge well fluid in an oil pipe under the rated power and torque of the motor and the screw pump, the well is started smoothly, the balance well repairing cost is achieved, and the purpose of normal production is recovered as soon as possible.
The method can effectively solve the problem that the downhole motor provides insufficient power to cause failure in starting the well due to the fact that the temperature in a shaft is reduced, the fluid property is poor and the friction resistance in an oil pipe is increased after the well is stopped by the electric submersible screw pump. The method can effectively solve the problem of well repairing caused by well opening failure, not only can the production time rate of the oil well be improved, but also the well repairing cost can be saved. The method has the advantages that 1 well time is tested on site, 3 well times are applied, the success rate is 100%, the operation cost is reduced by 160 ten thousand yuan, the effective production time rate is increased by 22 days, the time rate is increased by 72 tons of crude oil, and the effect is outstanding.
In field applications, for example: a certain electric submersible screw pump well Z15-14 is put into production in 2019, 5 and 7 days; the 13E2600 submersible pump is adopted, the power of the matched motor is 15kw, the depth of the lower pump is 1800m, and the overload current is set to 25A. During normal production, the rotating speed is 100r/min, the current is 13A, the input power is 4.5kw, and the wellhead displacement is 8m 3 And/d, the sinking pressure of a pump suction inlet is below 1MPa for a long time, the active power is 1.7kw, the crude oil viscosity is 900 mPa.s, and according to the comparison between the active power and the input power of a motor, the conclusion can be drawn that the well is influenced by thick oil in a shaft in normal production, the friction resistance is larger, the useless power consumed in lifting reaches 2.8kw, and the power loss of the fluid property to the motor is higher.
The well is stopped accidentally on 29 days of 9 months in 2019, the well is started after 14 hours of stopping, the highest current of the oil well reaches 32A, the input power of a motor reaches 12.2kw, the rated power of the well is approached, the well is stopped in protection, and the well is started after two times of trial start and is unsuccessful.
Backwashing is started by adopting a ground pump truck for 9 months and 30 days, and recording is carried out: the water pumping quantity is 20m 3 And after the well is started for 5 minutes, the motor is stopped due to overload protection. The pressure is increased to 13MPa for 40 minutes, the current is stabilized below 30A after the well is started, the well head starts to discharge liquid after 60 minutes, and the current and the power of the underground motor start to decrease. Ground after 90 minutesAnd stopping the pump, and gradually recovering the production of the electric submersible screw pump well.
The method is characterized in that the method is stopped for 7 hours for line fault reasons in the period of 16:00 on the day of 10 months and 30 months, and the method adopts direct well starting failure when well starting. 22:00, the ground pump truck is adopted for backwashing recovery, and the pumping water quantity is 20m 3 And then, manually starting the well at the pumping pressure of 12MPa and 23:00, and continuously pumping hot water without stopping the well even though the current is high. After 30 minutes, the current is reduced, and the production of the electric submersible screw pump well gradually returns to normal. The specific operation process can be shown by a reverse flushing statistical table of the electric submersible screw pump well-stopping recovery shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1
Based on field experiments and applications, after the well is stopped, the electric submersible screw pump well can be assisted to start and recover and normal production through a backwashing operation method and by adopting reasonable displacement and pressure. By the method, the recovery success rate after the electric submersible screw pump well is stopped is effectively improved, and the influence on the yield caused by the reduction of the production time rate and the cost consumption caused by well laying are reduced.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for recovering from production after well stop, please refer to fig. 5, which includes:
a screw pump control module 501 for setting the rotational speed of the screw pump downhole based on a preset minimum rotational speed;
the ground pump control module 502 is configured to control the ground pump to pump a preset volume of fluid into the oil jacket annulus, so that the oil jacket annulus is filled with the fluid, where the preset volume is obtained by the following relation 1:
wherein Q is a predetermined volume, m, of fluid 3 ；
H Pump with a pump body Depth of intake of the screw pump,m；
P sinking and sinking -the sinking pressure of the screw pump suction, pa;
rho-density of fluid in oil jacket annulus in well kg/m 3 ；
g-gravity acceleration, m/s 2 ；
D, the inner diameter of the inner sleeve of the well, m;
d, the outer diameter of an oil jacket in the well, m;
a motor control module 503, configured to start a downhole motor when the pumping pressure of the surface pump begins to rise, and to drive the screw pump to rotate;
the surface pump control module 502 is further configured to control the surface pump to continue pumping fluid at a preset displacement;
the data acquisition module 504 is used for acquiring the running power of the motor and the wellhead return fluid flow in real time;
the ground pump control module 502 is further configured to, when the rising speed of the running power of the motor is lower than a preset speed threshold and the flow rate of the returned fluid from the wellhead is equal to the preset displacement, adjust the pumping displacement of the ground pump until the screw pump resumes normal production.
In one possible implementation: the motor control module 503 is further configured to: if the running power rising speed of the motor is higher than or equal to a preset speed threshold value, the motor is turned off;
the motor control module 503 is further configured to restart the motor when the wellhead casing pressure rises to a preset pressure.
In one possible implementation, the power provided by the motor by the wellhead housing rising to a preset pressure is obtained by the following relation 2:
P＝(P pump with a pump body -P Oil (oil) )*S*H Pump with a pump body Relation 2 of/t
Wherein, the P-wellhead sleeve pressure is increased to a preset pressure to provide power for the motor, and w;
P pump with a pump body -pumping pressure of the surface pump, pa;
P oil (oil) -wellhead oil pressure, pa;
rotor for S-underground screw pump rotationFlow area between the stator and the stator, m 2 ；
H Pump with a pump body -screw pump intake depth, m;
t-time it takes for the surface pump to reach the preset pressure, s.
In one possible implementation, the operating power of the motor is obtained by the following relation 3:
wherein: the running power of the W-motor, W;
operating voltage of the U-motor, V;
i, the running current of the motor, A;
-running power factor of the motor, dimensionless.
It should be noted that: when the device for recovering from production and starting the well after the well is stopped is used for recovering from production and starting the well after the well is stopped, only the division of the functional modules is used for illustration, and in practical application, the functional allocation can be completed by different functional modules according to the need, namely, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules so as to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the device for recovering and producing the well after the well is stopped and the method for recovering and producing the well after the well is stopped provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and detailed implementation processes of the device are detailed in the method embodiments, and are not repeated here.
According to the device provided by the embodiment of the application, the rotating speed of the screw pump is set to be the preset minimum rotating speed, the starting resistance of the screw pump is reduced, the screw pump is started more easily, the oil sleeve annulus is filled with fluid with certain pressure and displacement by pumping the fluid into the underground oil sleeve annulus, so that the inlet of the screw pump generates larger sinking pressure, the gravitational potential energy of the fluid in the oil sleeve annulus can provide power for the rotation of the screw pump, the underground motor and the screw pump are enabled to gradually discharge well fluid in an oil pipe under the rated power and torque of the motor and the screw pump, the well is started smoothly, the balance well repairing cost is achieved, and the purpose of normal production is recovered as soon as possible.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device provided in the embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 6, the computer device 600 may have a relatively large difference due to different configurations or performances, and may include one or more processors (central processing units, CPU) 601 and one or more memories 602, where at least one program code is stored in the memories 602, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the processors 601 to implement the method for recovering from production and starting after well shutdown of an oil well provided in each method embodiment described above. Of course, the computer device may also have a wired or wireless network interface, a keyboard, an input/output interface, and other components for implementing the functions of the device, which are not described herein.
In an exemplary embodiment, a computer readable storage medium, such as a memory, comprising program code executable by a processor in a computer device to perform the method of recovering from a production start-up after a well stop in the above embodiment is also provided. For example, the computer readable storage medium may be Read-Only Memory (ROM), random-access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), compact disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage device, and the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program for instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the invention, but is intended to cover various modifications, substitutions, improvements, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for recovering from production and starting up an oil well after stopping the well, the method comprising:
setting the rotation speed of a screw pump under the well based on a preset minimum rotation speed;
controlling a ground pump to pump a preset volume of fluid into an oil sleeve annulus, so that the oil sleeve annulus is filled with the fluid, thereby enabling the inlet of a screw pump to generate larger sinking pressure, and further enabling gravitational potential energy of the fluid in the oil sleeve annulus to provide power for rotation of the screw pump, wherein the preset volume is obtained by a relation 1:
wherein Q is a predetermined volume, m, of fluid 3 ；
H Pump with a pump body -depth of screw pump intake, m;
P sinking and sinking -the sinking pressure of the screw pump suction, pa;
rho-density of fluid in oil jacket annulus in well kg/m 3 ；
g-gravity acceleration, m/s 2 ；
D, the inner diameter of the inner sleeve of the well, m;
d, the outer diameter of an oil jacket in the well, m;
when the pumping pressure of the ground pump begins to rise, a downhole motor is started and used for driving the screw pump to rotate;
controlling the surface pump to pump fluid continuously at a preset displacement;
acquiring the running power of a motor and the flow of wellhead return liquid in real time;
if the running power rising speed of the motor is higher than or equal to a preset speed threshold value, the motor is turned off;
when the wellhead sleeve pressure rises to a preset pressure, starting the motor again;
and when the running power rising speed of the motor is lower than a preset speed threshold value and the wellhead returned liquid flow is equal to the preset displacement, the pumping displacement of the ground pump is regulated down until the screw pump resumes normal production.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein when the wellhead casing pressure rises to a preset pressure, the power provided to the motor is obtained by the following relationship 2:
P＝(P pump with a pump body -P Oil (oil) )*S*H Pump with a pump body Relation 2 of/t
Wherein, when the P-wellhead sleeve pressure rises to a preset pressure, the power provided for the motor, W;
P pump with a pump body -pumping pressure of the surface pump, pa;
P oil (oil) -wellhead oil pressure, pa;
flow area between rotor and stator when S-underground screw pump rotates, m 2 ；
H Pump with a pump body -screw pump intake depth, m;
t-time, s, the time it takes for the surface pump to reach said preset pressure.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the operating power of the motor is obtained in real time from a signal uploaded by the motor.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the operating power of the motor is obtained by the following relation 3:
wherein: w is the running power of the motor, W;
operating voltage of the U-motor, V;
i, the running current of the motor, A;
-running power factor of the motor, dimensionless.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the surface pump pumps fluid into the annulus at a temperature that is higher than the temperature of the fluid in the well.
6. A device for recovering from production after well shut-in, said device comprising:
the screw pump control module is used for setting the rotation speed of the underground screw pump based on the preset minimum rotation speed;
the ground pump control module is used for controlling the ground pump to pump a preset volume of fluid into the oil sleeve annulus, so that the oil sleeve annulus is filled with the fluid, larger sinking pressure is generated at an inlet of the screw pump, and gravitational potential energy of the fluid in the oil sleeve annulus can provide power for rotation of the screw pump, wherein the preset volume is obtained by a relation 1:
wherein Q is a predetermined volume, m, of fluid 3 ；
H Pump with a pump body -depth of screw pump intake, m;
P sinking and sinking -the sinking pressure of the screw pump suction, pa;
rho-density of fluid in oil jacket annulus in well kg/m 3 ；
g-gravity acceleration, m/s 2 ；
D, the inner diameter of the inner sleeve of the well, m;
d, the outer diameter of an oil jacket in the well, m;
the motor control module is used for starting an underground motor when the pumping pressure of the ground pump begins to rise and driving the screw pump to rotate;
the ground pump control module is also used for controlling the ground pump to continue pumping fluid at a preset displacement;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the running power of the motor and the wellhead return fluid flow in real time;
the motor control module is further configured to: if the running power rising speed of the motor is higher than or equal to a preset speed threshold value, the motor is turned off;
the motor control module is also used for restarting the motor when the wellhead sleeve pressure rises to a preset pressure;
and the ground pump control module is further used for adjusting the pumping displacement of the ground pump downwards when the running power rising speed of the motor is lower than a preset speed threshold value and the wellhead return liquid flow is equal to the preset displacement until the screw pump resumes normal production.
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| SU1682540A1 (en) * | 1989-03-23 | 1991-10-07 | Томский научно-исследовательский и проектный институт нефтяной промышленности | Method for completion of oil wells |
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| CN102953711A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-03-06 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for horizontal gas well to drain liquid and produce gas |
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| CN104790916A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-22 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 | Method for removing gas well accumulated liquid by means of oil jacket pressure balancing method |
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| SU1682540A1 (en) * | 1989-03-23 | 1991-10-07 | Томский научно-исследовательский и проектный институт нефтяной промышленности | Method for completion of oil wells |
| CN202165060U (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2012-03-14 | 闵育 | Production well automatic extracting device |
| CN102953711A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-03-06 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for horizontal gas well to drain liquid and produce gas |
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