CN115108783A - 一种用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土及其制备方法,涉及混凝土技术领域;包括以下质量份计的组分:水泥259‑295份,粉煤灰181‑206份,矿粉79‑89份,细集料766‑798份,粗集料831‑863份,水165‑175份,外加剂5.2‑5.9份;本发明的一种用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土,采用需水比低的粉煤灰和矿粉,以提高混凝土的流变性能;通过优化胶凝材料和砂浆的配比,使混凝土内具有足够的润滑层和可流动组分,降低混凝土的内部摩擦力,使混凝土具有更好的流变性能;通过优化原料组分和组分含量配比,提高自密实混凝土的流动性、填充能力、穿越能力和抗离析能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于混凝土技术领域,具体涉及一种用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土及其制备方法。
背景技术
洛溪大桥拓宽工程旧桥主桥箱梁采用了横向预应力体系,因此无法同30m跨T梁一样采用凿除部分翼板以埋入防撞墙钢筋的方式;该段在施工防撞墙时需考虑横向预应力及现有钢筋同时存在的影响。旧桥主桥现状横向预应力采用张拉端和锚固端交错分布形式,间距为1米;因此施工方案采用防撞墙钢筋直接植筋进入旧桥箱梁翼板。植筋采用的钢筋为直径25的HPB300钢筋,该钢筋贯穿整个箱梁翼板,底部采用楔形钢板及螺母进行拧紧固定;将防撞墙钢筋焊接在楔形钢板后,统一浇筑C40细石混凝土。
但是普通混凝土砂率过大,流动性、保水性差,混凝土浇筑分层厚度不均匀,振捣不到位(尤其是护栏变截面处容易产生气泡)等原因容易造成蜂窝、麻面、反砂、气泡、空洞等缺陷,严重影响防撞护栏混凝土外观质量及耐久性。另一方面,防撞护栏在构造上具有下口大,上口小,线型要求高、施工繁杂,混凝土方量小等特点。虽然运输到现场的混凝土,流动性、保水性能满足规范要求,但混凝土浇筑过程中时有泌水、过振现象,容易造成蜂窝、麻面、反砂、气泡、空洞等缺陷,振捣时倒角气泡不易排出,圆角质量不易控制,往往在外观上不尽如人意。
针对防撞护栏施工情况,有必要研究一种具有高流动度、不离析、均匀性和稳定性的自密实混凝土以替换C40细石混凝土,利用其浇筑时依靠其自重流动,无需振捣而达到密实的混凝土特点,解决了普通混凝土的自重大、抗拉强度低,抗裂性差及收缩变形大等问题,解决防撞护栏混凝土存在蜂窝、麻面、气泡、脱皮、不密实、空洞等现象。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的之一在于提供一种用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土,具有高流动性、填充性、抗离析性、均匀性和稳定性的特点。
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土的制备方法,其制备工艺简单。
本发明的目的之一采用如下技术方案实现:
一种用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土,包括以下质量份计的组分:
水泥259-295份,粉煤灰181-206份,矿粉79-89份,细集料766-798份,粗集料831-863份,水165-175份,外加剂5.2-5.9份。
进一步地,所述粗集料为5-20mm连续级配碎石,表观密度为2600-2900kg/m3。
进一步地,所述粗集料中,粒径为5-10mm占总质量的35-45%,粒径为10-20mm占总质量的55-65%。
进一步地,所述细集料为中砂,其细度模数为2.3-3.0,表观密度为2500-2700kg/m3,堆积密度为1400-1700kg/m3。
进一步地,所述水泥为强度等级P·II42.5的硅酸盐水泥;所述粉煤灰为F类Ⅰ级粉煤灰;所述矿粉为S95级粒化高炉矿渣粉;所述外加剂为减水剂。
进一步地,所述自密实混凝土的水胶比为0.29-0.33,砂率为47-49%。
进一步地,包括以下质量份计的组分:
水泥270份,粉煤灰196份,矿粉84份,细集料782份,粗集料847份,水171份,外加剂5.5份。
进一步地,所述粗集料由以下组分组成:粒径为5-10mm的粗集料339份,粒径为10-20mm的粗集料508份。
本发明的目的之二采用如下技术方案实现:
一种用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将配方量的水泥、粉煤灰、矿粉、细集料、粗集料、水和外加剂搅拌均匀。
进一步地,搅拌时间为130-170s。
相比现有技术,本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明的一种用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土,采用需水比低的粉煤灰和矿粉,以提高混凝土的流变性能;通过优化胶凝材料和砂浆的配比,使混凝土内具有足够的润滑层和可流动组分,降低混凝土的内部摩擦力,使混凝土具有更好的流变性能;通过优化原料组分和组分含量配比,提高自密实混凝土的流动性、填充能力、穿越能力和抗离析能力。
进一步地,严格控制细集料、粗集料等砂石骨料的粒径和级配,提高自密实混凝土的和易性和穿越性。
本发明的一种用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土的制备方法,其制备工艺简单,易于操作,可重复性强。
附图说明
图1是本发明的自密实混凝土扩展度测试图;
图2是本发明的自密实混凝土抗压强度与龄期关系曲线图;
图3是本发明的自密实混凝土的试验室制品效果图;
图4是本发明的自密实混凝土的现场施工效果图。
具体实施方式
下面,结合具体实施方式,对本发明做进一步描述,需要说明的是,在不相冲突的前提下,以下描述的各实施例之间或各技术特征之间可以任意组合形成新的实施例。
本发明的实施例的原料来源为:
1.水泥:华润水泥(平南)有限公司,采用强度等级P·II42.5的硅酸盐水泥,水泥所检指标符合现行国家标准《通用硅酸盐水泥》GB 175-2007/XG3-2018的有关规定,各项指标见表1。
表1水泥技术指标
2.粉煤灰:贵港发电厂,F类Ⅰ级,本工程防撞护栏自密实混凝土应采用F类I级或准I级原状粉煤灰,不得采用磨细粉煤灰,粉煤灰所检指标符合现行国家标准《用于水泥和混凝土中的粉煤灰》GB/T 1596-2017的有关规定,各项指标见表2。
表2粉煤灰技术指标
3.矿粉:广州市长亨物流有限公司,S95级粒化高炉矿渣粉,粒化高炉矿渣粉所检指标符合现行国家标准《用于水泥、砂浆和混凝土中的粒化高炉矿渣粉》GB/T 18046-2017的有关规定,各项指标见表3。
表3矿粉技术指标
4.细集料:产地为北江河砂,有创砂场,II区中砂,选用颗粒坚硬、强度高、耐风化的天然河砂或人工砂。细骨料所检指标应符合现行国家标准《建设用砂》GB/T 14684-2011中II区颗粒级配中砂的有关规定,各项指标见表4。
表4细集料技术指标
5.粗集料:产地为肇庆长顺石场,由5-10mm,10-20mm两种规格的反击破碎石按40%:60%的比例掺配成5~20mm连续级配碎石。粗集料所检指标符合现行国家标准《建设用卵石、碎石》GB/T 14685-2011的有关规定,各项指标见表5。
表5粗集料技术指标
6.外加剂:选用广州市融科新型建材有限公司生产的ROCK-25缓凝型高性能减水剂,外加剂所检指标符合现行国家标准《混凝土外加剂》GB 8076-2008和《混凝土外加剂应用技术规范》GB 50119-2013的有关规定;各项指标见表6。
表6外加剂技术指标
7、拌合用水:采用自来水。
8、本发明的各原材料表观密度指标见表7。
表7表观密度指标
实施例1-3
实施例1-3的一种用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土,其原料组分配比如表8所示。
表8原料组分配比
所述用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将配方量的水泥、粉煤灰、矿粉、细集料、粗集料、水和外加剂搅拌均匀,即得;搅拌时间为150s。
性能测试
1、测试实施例1-3的自密实混凝土的自密实性能和力学性能试验结果如表9、表10和图2所示。
表9自密实性能
其中,实施例2的坍落扩展度测试如图1所示。
如表9所示,实施例1-3的自密实混凝土均具有优异的流动性和保水性,其中实施例2的自密实混凝土中胶凝材料用量控制在550kg/m3,其综合性能最佳。
表10力学性能
如表10和图2所示,实施例1、2的自密实混凝土的28d和56d龄期的抗压强度不低于60MPa,实施例3的自密实混凝土56d时抗压强度不低于60MPa,满足配制防撞护栏的强度要求。
2、将实施例2的自密实混凝土分别在试验室和现场施工测试,如图3、4所示。
从图3、4可以看出,本发明的自密实混凝土成品表面光滑,解决常规防撞护栏混凝土存在蜂窝、麻面、气泡、脱皮、不密实、空洞等现象。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式,不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围,本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土,其特征在于,包括以下质量份计的组分:
水泥259-295份,粉煤灰181-206份,矿粉79-89份,细集料766-798份,粗集料831-863份,水165-175份,外加剂5.2-5.9份。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土,其特征在于:所述粗集料为5-20mm连续级配碎石,表观密度为2600-2900kg/m3。
3.如权利要求2所述的用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土,其特征在于:所述粗集料中,粒径为5-10mm占总质量的35-45%,粒径为10-20mm占总质量的55-65%。
4.如权利要求1所述的用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土,其特征在于:所述细集料为中砂,其细度模数为2.3-3.0,表观密度为2500-2700kg/m3,堆积密度为1400-1700kg/m3。
5.如权利要求1所述的用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土,其特征在于:所述水泥为强度等级P·II42.5的硅酸盐水泥;所述粉煤灰为F类Ⅰ级粉煤灰;所述矿粉为S95级粒化高炉矿渣粉;所述外加剂为减水剂。
6.如权利要求1所述的用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土,其特征在于:所述自密实混凝土的水胶比为0.29-0.33,砂率为47-49%。
7.如权利要求1所述的用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土,其特征在于:包括以下质量份计的组分:
水泥270份,粉煤灰196份,矿粉84份,细集料782份,粗集料847份,水171份,外加剂5.5份。
8.如权利要求7所述的用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土,其特征在于:所述粗集料由以下组分组成:粒径为5-10mm的粗集料339份,粒径为10-20mm的粗集料508份。
9.一种权利要求1-8任一项所述的用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:将配方量的水泥、粉煤灰、矿粉、细集料、粗集料、水和外加剂搅拌均匀。
10.如权利要求9所述的用于控制钢筋保护层的自密实混凝土的制备方法,其特征在于:搅拌时间为130-170s。
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CN102276224A (zh) * | 2011-07-22 | 2011-12-14 | 中交上海三航科学研究院有限公司 | 一种海工自密实高性能混凝土及其制备方法 |
CN102690084A (zh) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-09-26 | 江苏荣能集团股份有限公司 | 一种大掺量粉煤灰自密实混凝土及其制备方法 |
CN105801053A (zh) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-27 | 武汉源锦商品混凝土有限公司 | 一种大掺量粉煤灰c40自密实混凝土 |
CN107459308A (zh) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-12-12 | 中国人民解放军63926部队 | 一种高流态抗离析自密实混凝土 |
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CN102276224A (zh) * | 2011-07-22 | 2011-12-14 | 中交上海三航科学研究院有限公司 | 一种海工自密实高性能混凝土及其制备方法 |
CN102690084A (zh) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-09-26 | 江苏荣能集团股份有限公司 | 一种大掺量粉煤灰自密实混凝土及其制备方法 |
CN105801053A (zh) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-27 | 武汉源锦商品混凝土有限公司 | 一种大掺量粉煤灰c40自密实混凝土 |
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